共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Hilton C Diniz Neto Mayara C Lombardi Mariana M Campos Andrey P Lage Rodrigo O S Silva Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles Camila Flvia A Lage Wanessa A Carvalho Fernanda S Machado Luiz Gustavo R Pereira Thierry R Tomich Carolina P Ramos Ronnie A Assis Francisco Carlos F Lobato Jordana A Santana Ethiene Luiza S Santos Rafaella S Andrade Sandra G Coelho 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(5)
The aim of this study was to identify possible effects of different vaccination strategies (concomitantly or not) against brucellosis and clostridia on intake, performance, feeding behavior, blood parameters, and immune responses of dairy heifers calves. Fifty heifers calves were enrolled [38 Gyr (Zebu, Bos taurus indicus) and 12 5/8 Holstein Gyr]. At 120 d of age, animals were randomly distributed among 3 groups: B (n = 18), vaccinated against brucellosis; C (n = 14), vaccinated against clostridia and CB (n = 18), vaccinated concomitantly for both. Rectal and thermographic temperatures were evaluated on days 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7,10, 14, and 28 relatives to the vaccination day. Feed and water intake, body weight (BW), and feeding behavior were monitored daily by an electronic feeding system. Blood was sampled on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28, relative to the vaccination day for determination of glucose and -hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations. Blood sampled on day 0 (prevaccination) and on days 28 and 42 were used to evaluate the immune response against Brucella abortus and clostridia. There was an increase in rectal temperature between the first and the third day postvaccination in the 3 groups. The thermography revealed an increase of local temperature for 7 d on groups B and CB. Group C had increased local temperature for a longer period, lasting for up to 14 d. Dry mater intake was reduced for groups B and CB, but no alteration was observed for group C. No alterations regarding initial BW, final BW, average daily weight gain, and feed efficiency were observed. No differences were observed for the 3 vaccination groups for blood parameters throughout the evaluation period. The concomitant vaccination against brucellosis and clostridia led to lower neutralizing antibody titers against epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens and botulinum toxin type C of C. botulinum (C > CB > B). When cellular proliferation assay and serological tests to B. abortus were evaluated, no differences were observed between groups B and CB. The present results indicate that the concomitant vaccination against brucellosis and clostridia has no relevant impact on the intake, performance, and feeding behavior of dairy calves. However, the concomitant vaccination of vaccines against these 2 pathogens impacts animal immunity against clostridial infections. 相似文献
2.
Tore Bjarne Tjaberg 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1973,14(1):193
The present investigation was carried out in order to find a suitable medium for the production of proteolytic enzymes from different types of Clostridium botulinum. Proteolytic activity was found in Clostridium botulinum types A, B, C, D and F, while supernatants of Clostridium botulinum type E did not possess any proteolytic activity at all.Skim milk medium possessed the greatest ability for the production of proteolytic enzymes from the different cultures of Clostridium botulinum tested, while Robertson’s meat broth produced lowest amounts. Highest titres were usually found after 4–5 days of incubation and, after this period, the level of proteolytic activity decreased. 相似文献
3.
4.
Antimicrobial associated diarrhoea (AAD) is the most commonly recognised adverse effect of antimicrobial treatment in horses, although its incidence is probably low given the frequency of antimicrobial administration. Clinical signs vary from transient self‐limiting diarrhoea to rapidly fatal toxic enterocolitis. AAD prolongs the duration of hospitalisation, increases diagnostic and therapeutic costs, and was associated with a lower case survival rate than other types of acute diarrhoea in one study. Virtually all antimicrobials have been implicated in AAD, but some pose a greater risk than others. 相似文献
5.
Marks SL Rankin SC Byrne BA Weese JS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2011,25(6):1195-1208
This report offers a consensus opinion on the diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment, and control of the primary enteropathogenic bacteria in dogs and cats, with an emphasis on Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli associated with granulomatous colitis in Boxers. Veterinarians are challenged when attempting to diagnose animals with suspected bacterial-associated diarrhea because well-scrutinized practice guidelines that provide objective recommendations for implementing fecal testing are lacking. This problem is compounded by similar isolation rates for putative bacterial enteropathogens in animals with and without diarrhea, and by the lack of consensus among veterinary diagnostic laboratories as to which diagnostic assays should be utilized. Most bacterial enteropathogens are associated with self-limiting diarrhea, and injudicious administration of antimicrobials could be more harmful than beneficial. Salmonella and Campylobacter are well-documented zoonoses, but antimicrobial administration is not routinely advocated in uncomplicated cases and supportive therapy is recommended. Basic practices of isolation, use of appropriate protective equipment, and proper cleaning and disinfection are the mainstays of control. Handwashing with soap and water is preferred over use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers because spores of C. difficile and C. perfringens are alcohol-resistant, but susceptible to bleach (1:10 to 1:20 dilution of regular household bleach) and accelerated hydrogen peroxide. The implementation of practice guidelines in combination with the integration of validated molecular-based testing and conventional testing is pivotal if we are to optimize the identification and management of enteropathogenic bacteria in dogs and cats. 相似文献
6.
Thomas Linnenbrink DVM Maureen McMichael DVM DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2006,16(3):199-207
Objective: To review the pathophysiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, and current treatment modalities used in treating tetanus in small animals and humans. Etiology: Tetanus is caused by the activity of a toxin released from the bacterial organism, Clostridium tetani. The disease has an incubation period of 3 days to 3 weeks and usually follows a deep penetrating wound. Diagnosis: The diagnosis of tetanus is usually based on history and clinical signs. Therapy: Therapy of tetanus consists of direct and supportive care and includes toxin neutralization via human or equine derived immunoglobulin, antimicrobial therapy to eliminate C. tetani, and central and peripheral muscle relaxants to control hypertonicity. Adjunctive care may include positive pressure ventilation, anticonvulsant medication, drugs to treat autonomic dysfunction, and nutritional support. Prognosis: Prognosis varies based on severity of clinical signs at the time of diagnosis and the availability of appropriate care. 相似文献
7.
Hang'ombe BM Isogai E Lungu J Mubita C Nambota A Kirisawa R Kimura K Isogai H 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2000,23(4):171-284
In the retrospective study of soil-borne diseases of cattle in Zambia, malignant edema and blackquarter were widespread. One hundred and sixty-five cases with malignant edema and 103 cases with blackquarter were reported between 1985 and 1997. It was found that specific soil-conditions associate the emergence of the soil-borne diseases. Soil samples from five areas in Zambia were examined for the presence of genus Clostridium. Direct immuno-fluorescent assay (IFA) examination showed that C. septicum, C. novyi and C. chauvoei were detected in the soil of specific areas in Zambia, respectively. Causal organisms such as C. perfringens were isolated from the soil samples. The information of area-specific distribution of Clositridium species may give an efficient program in protecting cattle and man. 相似文献
8.
Retrospective evaluation of 155 adult equids and 21 foals with tetanus in Western,Northern, and Central Europe (2000–2014). Part 1: Description of history and clinical evolution 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Gaby van Galen DVM PhD DECEIM DECVECC Claude Saegerman DVM PhD DECVPH Joke Rijckaert DVM Helene Amory DVM PhD DECEIM Lara Armengou DVM PhD DECEIM Barbora Bezdekova DVM PhD DECEIM Inge Durie DVM DECEIM Rikke Findshøj Delany DVM Nathalie Fouché DVM DVM Laura Haley MVB Michael Hewetson BVSc DECEIM Rene van den Hoven DVM PhD DECEIM Anna Kendall DVM DECEIM Fernando Malalana DVM DECEIM MRCVS Jessika Muller Cavalleri DVM DECEIM PhD Tresemiek Picavet DVM DECEIM PhD Katja Roscher DVM DECEIM Denis Verwilghen DVM PhD DECVS Meret Wehrli Eser DVM DECEIM Cornélie Westermann DVM PhD DECEIM Tim Mair BVSc PhD DECEIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(6):684-696
9.
Eugenia Bezirtzoglou Charles Romond 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1990,13(4):217-221
Anaerobic flora plays a key role in preventing intestinal colonization with potential pathogens. Nowadays, the mechanisms involved in the colonization resistance provided by the anaerobic microflora are to be clarified. Numerous factors seem to intervene in the regulation of the intestinal flora.
The purpose of the present study was to correlate the presence or relative absence of Clostridium sp. and Bacteroides with the colonization by C. perfringens, which is involved in lethal infections in an immunologically compromised host.
The intestinal bacterial colonization of 20 newborns delivered by cesarian section was assessed sequentially over the first 14 days of life. C. perifringens is a strongly reducing microorganism and undoubtedly causes a decrease in the oxidoreduction potential of the newborn feces favouring the subsequent colonization by other putrefactive bacteria. C. perfringens seems to be the precursor for installation of putrefactive bacteria, as Bacteroides and other Clostridium sp. 相似文献
10.
T B Tjaberg 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1974,15(4):487-506
In this study the influence of bovine serum protease inhibitors, trypsin and proteases produced by different types of Clostridium botulinum has been investigated. Trypsin and botulinum proteases had the capability of increasing the toxicity in growing cultures in Clostridium botulinum types A, B and E. Trypsin increased the toxin level to a greater extent than proteases from Clostridium botulinum types A, B, C and F. Protease inhibitors did not influence the toxin formation to any extent compared with the controls. The combined effects of proteases and protease inhibitors on the development of toxin in Clostridium botulinum type B were also investigated by adding proteases and protease inhibitors to the same culture at different time intervals. Protease inhibitors did not reduce the toxicity of the cultures as compared to the controls. Altogether a complex relationship seems to exist between protoxin, toxin, proteases and inhibitors in the culture, and the order and time sequence of addition seem to be of importance. The results obtained in this investigation indicate that proteases of Clostridium botulinum play a part in the formation and/or activation of toxin in growing cultures of proteolytic strains such as Clostridium botulinum types A and B. As to the activation of protoxin and progenitor toxin produced by non-proteolytic Clostridium botulinum types B and E, botulinum proteases showed a marked capability of increasing the toxicity in these cultures. Trypsinization may be valuable for the detection of Clostridium botulinum types A and B in foods, as well as for type E, where it is commonly used. 相似文献
11.
无菌采取内蒙古通辽市某羊场病死羊肠道内容物、肝脏和肺脏,进行细菌的分离培养。将从十二指肠内分离到的1株疑似致病菌株进行生化试验、小鼠致病性试验,再将其通过魏氏梭菌多重PCR试验、魏氏梭菌ELISA试验及16S rRNA PCR试验进行鉴定。将PCR产物进行测序并进行了16S rRNA基因的进化树分析。结果显示,经细菌生化试验、多重PCR试验、ELISA试验和16S rRNA试验均证实此分离株为A型产气荚膜梭菌;进化树分析显示该菌与序列号为HQ808749.1(美国)的A型产气荚膜梭菌遗传距离最近。结果表明,该羊病例所分离的致病菌为A型产气荚膜梭菌。 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
Hui JIANG Yu-Ming QIN Xiao-Tong YANG Qiao-Ling LI Qing-Chun SHEN Jia-Bo DING Run-Yu WEI Jian-Dong ZHANG Jia-Li SUN Ming-Jun SUN Xue-Zheng FAN 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(10):1593
Clostridium perfringens is an important zoonotic pathogen. This study was designed to explore the prevalence and toxin types of C. perfringens in retail beef collected from Beijing, China. Among 221 beef samples collected, 53 samples were positive for C. perfringens, resulting in the average prevalence as 23.98%. By toxin gene-based typing, the most C. perfringens strains belong to type A (96.23%, 51/53), only 2 strains were identified as type D. By a multi-locus sequence typing (MLST)-based analysis, a total of 36 sequence types (STs) were detected, and the most STs (n=30) represented just a single strain. These finding suggested that the prevalence of C. perfringens in retail beef in Beijing was considerably high and these bacteria displayed extreme diversity in genetics. 相似文献
15.
Equine faecal microbiota transplant: Current knowledge,proposed guidelines and future directions 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 While certainly not a novel concept, faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) has recently garnered renewed interest in veterinary medicine due to its remarkable success in treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in man. There is a dearth of information on indications and efficacy of FMT for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in the horse; however, based on evidence in man and other veterinary species, and anecdotal reports in horses, FMT may be a useful treatment for selected cases of acute and chronic diarrhoea and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the horse. In the absence of evidence, expert opinion is offered on case selection and FMT procedure. More research is needed to explore the efficacy, indications and optimal preparation, storage and delivery of FMT to horses. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Proteases of Clostridium botulinum. I. Classification of proteases and literature survey 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
T B Tjaberg 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1973,14(1):184-192
Proteolytic activity has long been regarded as an important characteristic for distinguishing between different types of Clostridium botulinum. While all strains of Clostridium botulinum type A examined so far possess proteolytic activity, the types B and F have both proteolytic and non-proteolytic varieties. Clostridium botulinum types C, D and E were generally regarded as non-proteolytic, but different investigators have shown proteolytic activity in certain strains of these types. A summary of the classification of proteolytic enzymes in general is given and further, investigations are reviewed on the proteolytic activity in Clostridium botulinum. 相似文献
19.
By the use of the electrophoretic casein precipitating inhibition test (CPI-test) the serological relationship between proteolytic enzymes produced by different species within the genera Clostridium and Bacillus has been tested. The proteases produced by Clostridium botulinum types A, B, C, D and F cross-reacted with each other. Clostridium botulinum strain 84 was inhibited by antiproteases produced against Clostridium sporogenes, Clostridium botulinum types C and F (protease F I and F II), but not by antiproteases against Clostridium botulinum types B and F (protease II), Clostridium bifermentans and Clostridium perfringens. The protease of the newly described Clostridium botulinum strain 89 (type G) was inhibited by Clostridium sporogenes antiprotease, but not by any of the other antiproteases. It is not possible to differentiate between Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium sporogenes and Clostridium perfringens by use of serological differentiation of their proteolytic enzymes. The protease of Clostridium bifermentans is not serologically related to any of the species tested in this investigation. Proteases produced by different Bacilli were not inhibited by antiproteases from Clostridium botulinum types B, C and F, Clostridium sporogenes, Clostridium bifermentans, and the two strains of Clostridium perfringens tested. This investigation indicates a serological relationship between proteases from different Clostridium species, but not a serological relationship between proteases produced by the Clostridium species and Bacillus species tested. 相似文献