共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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LS-SVM和BP-ANN在草莓糖度NIR检测中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了提高草莓糖度近红外光谱定量模型的性能,采用偏最小二乘法提取的潜在变量作为最小二乘-支持向量机和反向传播人工神经网络的输入变量,建立了草莓糖度的近红外定量模型,并与偏最小二乘模型结果进行了比较,建模所使用的光谱范围为6 000～9 000 cm-1.结果表明,所建立的最小二乘-支持向量机和反向传播人工神经网络定量模型的校正性能、预测性能和稳定性均优于偏最小二乘定量模型,最优模型为前10个潜在变量得分作为输入变量的最小二乘-支持向量机模型,其校正和预测相关系数分别为0.957和0.951,校正和预测均方根误差分别为0.279％和0.272％,剩余预测偏差为3.23,与以往研究文献相比,获得了较为理想的预测精度和稳定性能. 相似文献
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小麦粗蛋白含量是其品质评价的重要指标,为探讨基于选择的短波近红外光谱变量定量判别小麦籽粒粗蛋白的可能性,采集了52份小麦籽粒样本,用湿化学方法分析其粗蛋白含量,获取其900~1700nm波段的光谱,进而利用该光谱进行预处理方法的优化研究及小麦籽粒蛋白敏感变量的优选研究,以偏最小二乘的方法建立了基于短波近红外光谱的小麦籽粒蛋白定量模型。结果表明：多元散射校正和小波变换结合是短波近红外光谱定量判别小麦籽粒粗蛋白含量较优的预处理方法;利用200次竞争性自适应重加权变量优选的统计结果,优选出1028、1158、1199、1367、1407、1445、1478、1494、1550、1584、1661、1686nm 12个变量为小麦籽粒蛋白敏感变量,占全谱的2%,该方法可稳定、高效地优选光谱变量,降低水分对模型的影响;结合预处理优化及变量优选建立偏最小二乘模型,模型预测决定系数和预测均方差分别为0.961和0.369。可见优选的短波近红外光谱变量可用于定量判别小麦籽粒粗蛋白含量。 相似文献
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茶叶中低含量氨基酸近红外光谱定量分析模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用近红外光谱分析方法对茶叶中游离氨基酸进行定量分析。连续小波导数(CWD)和标准正态变量变换(SNV)用于光谱预处理;偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)方法用于校正模型构建;采用蒙特卡洛无信息变量消除(MCUVE)方法和连续投影算法(SPA)对建模变量进行优化。结果表明,CWD-SNV方法可以有效地提高茶叶光谱质量,消除光谱的平移误差;基于MCUVE-SPA的变量筛选方法极大地改善了模型的精度,实现了建模变量的有效压缩,模型的预测相关系数(Rp)和预测均方根误差(RMSEP)分别由0.851和0.117改善为0.895和0.107,建模变量由4 148减小为18;当氨基酸百分含量大于0.1%时,近红外光谱结合化学计量学方法可以得到较优的定量分析模型。为茶叶中低含量氨基酸的分析提供了一种快速简便的分析方法。 相似文献
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红外ATR光谱法(ATR-IR)用于山茶油中棕榈酸和十四烷酸含量的快速分析.配制了72个山茶油样本用于ATR光谱的采集,不同的光谱预处理方法用于光谱有效信息的提取,小波压缩(wavelet compression,WC)方法用于建模变量的优化,偏最小二乘回归(partial least square,PLS)用于脂肪酸含量的定量分析模型的构建.结果表明,ATR光谱经小波导数(wavelet derivative,WD)—标准正态变量变换(standard normal variate,SNV)预处理后,棕榈酸模型的预测相关系数(correlation coefficient of prediction,Rp)和预测均方根误差(root mean square error of prediction,RMSEP)分别为由原始光谱的0.789和3.332改善为0.908和2.653;十四烷酸模型的Rp和RMSEP分别由0.870和0.087改善为0.948和0.058;建模变量经WC预处理后由原始光谱的2 500个分别减小为190和180个,为山茶油中脂肪酸含量的测定提供了一种简便快速的分析方法. 相似文献
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为了提供果树精准肥水管理参考数据,进行了果树叶片SPAD值近红外光谱无损检测研究。采用反射方式,采集100片赣南脐橙叶片的可见近红外光谱;利用移动窗口偏最小二乘法结合遗传算法、连续投影算法筛选光谱变量,并建立偏最小二乘回归校正模型。采用移动窗口偏最小二乘法和连续投影算法组合筛选的39个光谱变量建立的校正模型预测结果最优,模型预测相关系数为0.898,模型预测SPAD值均方根误差为2.116。试验表明,应用可见近红外反射光谱技术结合化学计量学算法进行赣南脐橙叶片SPAD值无损检测是可行的。 相似文献
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为增强模型的适应性,选取了3个不同成熟期(绿熟、半红熟和红熟)的李果实样品建立坚实度指标的近红外检测模型,建模所使用的光谱范围为4 000~12 492cm-1。为改善模型性能,比较了最小二乘支持向量机和偏最小二乘法两种建模算法对李果实坚实度指标的建模结果。研究结果表明,所建立的最小二乘-支持向量机模型的预测性能和稳定性均好于偏最小二乘模型,并以前10个潜在变量得分作为输入变量的最小二乘-支持向量机模型为最佳模型,其校正相关系数、校正和预测均方根误差分别为0.989及1.31、1.84kg/cm2,剩余预测偏差为4.79。与以往研究文献相比,获得了较为理想的预测精度和稳定性能。研究结果表明,最小二乘支持向量机算法结合偏最小二乘法提取的潜在变量作为输入变量,可以使李果实坚实度近红外定量模型有较大程度的改善。 相似文献
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芝麻油掺伪的近红外透射光谱检测技术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用近红外光谱技术结合间隔偏最小二乘法分别建立芝麻油中掺入大豆油、玉米油和花生油的定量检测模型。实验配制不同比例的掺假芝麻油混合样品,采集样品在4 000～12 000 cm-1范围内的近红外透射光谱,把数据分为校正集与预测集。将4 420～12 000 cm-1波段的光谱进行各种预处理,最佳方法为平滑预处理,并利用间隔偏最小二乘波长筛选法(iPLS)选取光谱特征波段,最后采用偏最小二乘法建立掺假芝麻油的定标模型。结果显示:3种掺假芝麻油的PLS模型预测相关系数分别达到0.998、0.999、0.999,预测均方根误差分别为0.24%、0.24%和0.19%,具有较高的预测精度。实验证明近红外光谱技术对芝麻油掺假的快速检测具有可行性。 相似文献
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基于近红外光谱技术的紫薯贮藏期间花青素含量检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
紫薯采后贮藏过程中,受环境因素影响,紫薯花青素会逐渐发生降解,导致紫薯色泽变化,营养品质下降。应用近红外光谱技术对贮藏期间的紫薯花青素含量变化进行了分析,建立了快速无损检测模型。实验采集了不同贮藏时间紫薯样本(120个)的近红外光谱,基于全波长范围4 000～10 000 cm-1结合不同光谱信号预处理方法(数据卷积平滑、一阶求导、标准正态变量变换(SNV))建立紫薯花青素的PLS(偏最小二乘)、SNV-PLS、i PLS(区间偏最小二乘)、GA-PLS(遗传算法-偏最小二乘)定量预测模型。结果显示,全波段经SNV为最优的原始光谱预处理方法。对经SNV预处理的光谱进行i PLS、GA特征波段筛选,所建立的GA-PLS模型预测效果最佳,预测集决定系数R2v和均方根误差为0. 913 6和7. 239 8 mg/(100 g),剩余预测偏差为3. 339 7。研究结果表明,应用近红外光谱技术可以较好地检测紫薯花青素含量,研究结果可为紫薯加工原料智能筛选以及贮藏品质监测提供一种可靠手段。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献