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1.
为探究亚油酸对反刍动物瘤胃中溶纤维丁酸弧菌脂肪酸合成的影响,试验用不同水平亚油酸培养基进行溶纤维丁酸弧菌体外厌氧培养试验,分光光度计测定菌液D600nm值达到1.0时,在培养基中添加亚油酸,使试验1组(对照)、2、3及4组培养基亚油的浓度分别为0、2.5、5.0及7.5mg/100mL,培养24h后收集菌液检测35种脂肪酸含量。结果显示,细菌代谢相关的C8∶0、C11∶0、C14∶0、C15∶0、C17∶0、C17∶1、C18∶1(n-9)C、C18∶2(n-6)C、C18∶3(n-6)、C20∶0、C20∶2、C20∶3(n-3)、C20∶3(n-6)、C20∶5(n-3)、C21∶0、C22∶0、C22∶2、C22∶1(n-9)及C22∶6(n-3)脂肪酸随着培养基中亚油酸浓度的提高无显著变化(P0.05);培养基中添加亚油酸使C10∶0、C12∶0、C16∶0、C18∶0、C20∶4(n-6)、C23∶0、C24∶1合成量显著减少(P0.05);而C15∶1及C18∶3(n-3)合成量在2.5mg/100mL亚油酸组显著增加(P0.05);C14∶1在对照组中合成量最高,在添加亚油酸的试验组中,随着亚油酸含量增加而增加;C24∶0在7.5mg/100mL亚油酸组合成量最高。综上所述,亚油酸对于溶纤维丁酸弧菌合成脂肪酸有一定影响作用,可抑制C10∶0、C12∶0、C16∶0、C18∶0、C23∶0、C14∶1、C20∶4(n-6)等脂肪酸的合成,C15∶1、C16∶1、C18∶3(n-3)含量增加,但超过一定量时合成量会减少。  相似文献   

2.
研究发现，二十二碳六烯酸（C22：6n-3）是鱼油的组成成分，与亚油酸共同在瘤胃中培养能促进trans—C18：1的积累。基于该发现，美国南伊利诺伊大学的AbuGhazaleh等进行了一项试验，旨在确定鱼油中的二十碳三烯酸（C20：3n-3）、二十二碳三烯酸（C22：3n-3）和n-3脂肪酸与混合瘤胃微生物培养是否也能促进trans—C18：1，尤其是花生油酸（VA）的积累。  相似文献   

3.
试验旨在采用体外产气法研究抑制瘤胃细菌、真菌、原虫对添加亚油酸和亚麻酸后水牛瘤胃体外发酵参数和脂肪酸代谢的影响。体外培养底物0.5 g,精粗比为3：7,分别添加底物干物质量3%的亚油酸和3%的亚麻酸,每组设置5个重复,同时再设立4个组：对照组及抑制原虫、细菌、真菌组。体外模拟瘤胃发酵培养24 h,测定24 h产气量和气体中的甲烷（CH4）含量、瘤胃发酵液的pH、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）、氨态氮（NH3-N）、微生物蛋白（MCP）浓度以及长链脂肪酸（LFA）组成。结果表明：①在添加亚麻酸情况下,与对照组相比,抑制细菌和原虫生长后产气量显著降低,抑制细菌和真菌生长后CH4产量显著升高,而抑制原虫生长后CH4产量显著降低（P<0.05）;在添加亚油酸情况下,与对照组相比,抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后产气量均显著降低,且抑制原虫后CH4产量显著低于其他组（P<0.05）。②抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后,添加亚油酸和亚麻酸显著影响了体外瘤胃发酵液pH和MCP浓度（P<0.05）,添加亚油酸对NH3-N浓度影响不显著（P>0.05）。③与对照组相比,抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后显著降低了乙酸、丙酸含量（P<0.05）;在添加亚麻酸情况下,抑制细菌生长显著降低了丁酸含量（P<0.05）;在添加亚油酸情况下,抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后丁酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）。④与对照组相比,在添加亚麻酸情况下,抑制细菌生长显著降低了C11：0、C12：0、C13：0、C14：0、C14：1n5、C15：1n5、C16：1n7、C16：0、C18：3n3、C18：2n6c、C18：0、C20：2n6、C20：3n6、C20：1、C20：3n3、C20：0、C21：0、C22：6n3、C22：2n6、C22：0浓度（P<0.05）;在添加亚油酸情况下,抑制细菌生长显著降低了C12：0、C13：0、C14：0、C15：0、C16：1n7、C16：0、C17：0、C18：3n6、C18：3n3、C18：2n6c、C18：1n9t、C18：0、C18：2（cis-9,trans-11）、C18：2（trans-10,cis-12）、C20：2n6、C20：1、C20：0、C21：0、C22：6n3、C22：0、C23：0、C24：1n9、C24：0浓度（P<0.05）。由此可见,抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后,添加亚油酸和亚麻酸对体外瘤胃发酵参数、CH4产量和脂肪酸组成均能产生影响,原虫对产气量和CH4产量贡献最大,细菌对瘤胃液脂肪酸代谢影响最大。  相似文献   

4.
为了探究添加亚油酸条件下不同剂量硝酸钠对水牛瘤胃体外发酵脂肪酸组成及相关微生物数量的影响,本试验选用3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的母水牛,以精粗比40∶60为底物进行瘤胃液体外发酵试验。试验组硝酸钠的浓度分别为1、2、3 mg·mL-1,对照组不加硝酸钠,每组均添加0.25 mg·mL-1的亚油酸,每组各5个重复。在体外培养3、6、9、12、24 h时测定产气量和甲烷产量,24 h结束培养,测定瘤胃体外发酵参数、脂肪酸含量及瘤胃微生物数量。结果表明：1）添加硝酸钠显著降低了总产气量和甲烷产量（P<0.05）;2）添加硝酸钠pH值和氨态氮（NH3-N）含量显著升高（P<0.05）,异丁酸和异戊酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）,而对总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）含量无显著性影响（P>0.05）;3）添加1 mg·mL-1硝酸钠,C18：2cis-9,trans-11、C18：2trans-10,cis-12含量和不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸（UFA/SFA）显著高于其他组（P<0.05）,且C20：5n3 （EPA）含量显著高于添加3 mg·mL-1硝酸钠组（P<0.05）,添加2 mg·mL-1硝酸钠C22：6n3 （DHA）含量显著高于其他组（P<0.05）;4）添加硝酸钠组原虫数量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）,添加2、3 mg·mL-1硝酸钠产甲烷菌数量显著低于添加1 mg·mL-1硝酸钠组（P<0.05）,添加1 mg·mL-1硝酸钠总细菌、真菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌、蛋白分解丁酸弧菌、非典型丁酸弧菌、亨氏丁酸弧菌数量显著高于其他组（P<0.05）。由此可得,体外法添加1~3 mg·mL-1硝酸钠和0.25 mg·mL-1亚油酸在维持水牛TVFA含量不变的情况下显著降低了甲烷含量,且1 mg·mL-1硝酸钠能促进亚油酸生成共轭亚油酸（CLA）,优化脂肪酸组成,并能增加大多数瘤胃微生物的数量。  相似文献   

5.
肖健康 《饲料广角》2011,(16):40-41
2．3羔羊血浆中的脂肪酸组成对比 表6、7、8的是羔羊血浆中的不同脂肪酸的组成对比表。羔羊血浆中的主要脂肪酸有棕榈酸（16：0），硬脂酸（18：0）、油酸（9顺-18：1）和亚油酸（18：2n-6）。  相似文献   

6.
反刍动物的相关研究表明日粮中添加鱼油和葵花油的混合物可以通过改变瘤胃氢化途径增加牛奶中顺-9,反-11共轭亚油酸,C20∶5 n-3和C22∶6 n-3的含量,但长链不饱和脂肪酸在瘤胃氢化过程的某些中间产物还不清楚。本试验所用动物为5头安装瘤胃瘘管的母羊,动物日粮为高精料饲料,日粮中添加1∶2比例的鱼油和葵花油(30 g/kgDM)的混合物。饲喂添加外源油的日粮0、3、10 d后收集瘤胃食糜分析鱼油和葵花油对瘤胃发酵参数和氢化产物的影响。食糜中的氢化中间体及甲酯化脂肪酸通过气相色谱、Ag+-HPLC和气质仪联用进行分析。日粮中添加鱼油和葵花油不会影响瘤胃pH,挥发性脂肪酸的浓度及营养物质的降解消化,但能改变瘤胃食糜的脂肪酸成分。主要包括C18∶0和C18∶2 n-6的减少,反式C16∶1、反式C18∶1、10-O-C18∶0和反式C18∶2的含量增加。外源添加脂类能提高食糜中C20∶5 n-3和C22∶6 n-3的所占脂肪酸的比例并导致顺-9,反-11共轭亚油酸的大量增加,但反-10,顺-12共轭亚油酸的量却有所减少。试验结果中还发现添加鱼油和葵花油使特殊脂肪酸如C20∶1、C20∶2、C22∶1、C22∶3...  相似文献   

7.
[目的]本研究旨在分析不同的接种量的酸奶发酵成熟后以及贮存期间酸奶中脂肪酸组成的变化。[方法]分别用体积分数2％、3％和4％的发酵剂接种牛奶,并将发酵成熟后的酸奶密封放入4℃冰箱贮存,用气相色谱方法分别检测原料奶和酸奶发酵成熟后和贮存期间的脂肪酸组成。[结果]表明,酸奶在发酵成熟后,短链脂肪酸C4：0、C6：0和C8：0,中链脂肪酸C12：0、C14：0、C14：1、C16：0和C16：1,以及长链脂肪酸C18：3、C20：3、C20：4和C22：6的含量在3种不同接种量的酸奶和原料奶之间存在显著（P〈0．05）或极显著（P〈0．01）差异,并且增加了共轭亚油酸（CLA）的含量,其中以3％接种量的酸奶变化最为明显。3种不同接种量的酸奶在贮存期间脂肪酸变化不显著。[结论]研究表明酸奶可以降低使人易患心血管疾病的C14：0和C16：0等的含量,还可以增加对人体有益的多不饱和脂肪酸C22：6（DHA）的含量,其中以3％接种量的酸奶最为有效。  相似文献   

8.
试验旨在研究不同浓度延胡索酸二钠对水牛瘤胃体外发酵参数、脂肪酸组成及关键微生物数量的影响。选取3头体重约为(650±50)kg、安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的水牛作为瘤胃液的供体动物,通过体外批次培养,试验设4个组(每组5个重复),每组各添加0.25 mg/mL的α-亚麻酸,延胡索酸二钠分别添加0(对照)、1、2、3 mg/mL。分别在培养3、6、9、12、24 h时,测定产气量和甲烷产量,在培养24 h后测定瘤胃体外发酵参数、脂肪酸含量及瘤胃微生物数量。结果表明:1)添加延胡索酸二钠显著提高丙酸浓度(P0.05),降低乙酸/丙酸(P0.05),添加2 mg/mL和3 mg/mL延胡索酸二钠,能显著升高瘤胃培养液的pH值和总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量(P0.05)。2)添加1 mg/mL延胡索酸二钠C18:2n6c、c9, t11-CLA和C20:1含量显著高于对照组(P0.05);添加1 mg/mL和2 mg/mL延胡索酸二钠,C22:2n6含量显著高于其他组(P0.05);添加延胡索酸二钠组,C18:3n6含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。3)添加2 mg/mL延胡索酸二钠,瘤胃液的真菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌、非典型丁酸弧菌和蛋白分解丁酸弧菌数量显著升高(P0.05);添加3 mg/mL延胡索酸二钠,瘤胃液的亨氏丁酸弧菌数量显著升高(P0.05);添加2mg/mL和3 mg/mL延胡索酸二钠,瘤胃液的原虫和产甲烷菌数量显著升高(P0.05)。由以上结果可见,体外条件下添加2 mg/mL和3 mg/mL延胡索酸二钠,能提高大多数瘤胃微生物数量,优化脂肪酸组成,提高瘤胃发酵性能,但对甲烷产量没有显著影响。  相似文献   

9.
共轭亚油酸(conjugated linolenic acid,CLA)是不饱和脂肪酸经瘤胃生物氢化的中间产物,溶纤维丁酸弧菌在此氢化过程中起重要作用。因此,深入了解溶纤维丁酸弧菌的作用机理是调控CLA合成的关键。本文从溶纤维丁酸弧菌的背景入手,结合瘤胃微生物对不饱和脂肪酸的生物氢化,详细阐述了溶纤维丁酸弧菌在CLA合成中的作用以及国内外最新的研究进展。  相似文献   

10.
为研究北京油鸡腿肌中长链脂肪酸变化规律,试验运用气相色谱-质谱联用的靶向代谢组学方法,对150、300、450日龄北京油鸡腿肌的中长链脂肪酸含量进行检测。结果表明:北京油鸡腿肌共鉴定出33种中长链脂肪酸,其组成不随日龄的变化而变化;油酸(C18∶1 n-9c)、棕榈酸(C16∶0)、亚油酸(C18∶2 n-6c)、硬脂酸(C18∶0)、花生四烯酸(C20∶4 n-6)和棕榈油酸(C16∶1)等脂肪酸为北京油鸡腿肌中的主要脂肪酸,其含量占总脂肪酸的95.52%;除n-3系列多不饱和脂肪酸外,饱和脂肪酸(SFAs)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFAs)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)、不饱和脂肪酸(UFAs)、必需脂肪酸(EFAs)和n-6系列多不饱和脂肪酸的相对比例在不同日龄间无显著差异(P0.05),但其450日龄绝对含量极显著地高于150和300日龄(P0.01);二十二碳六烯酸(C22∶6 n-3,DHA)、α-亚麻酸(C18∶3 n-3,ALA)和花生四烯酸(C20∶4 n-6,ARA)、亚油酸(C18∶2 n-6c,LA)分别是北京油鸡腿肌中主要的n-3系列和n-6系列PUFAs,北京油鸡腿肌n-6/n-3 PUFAs比例在21.18～24.39∶1范围内,且450日龄显著高于150和300日龄。研究结果提示日龄对北京油鸡腿肌脂肪酸分类的绝对含量影响程度高于对相对比例的影响,且基于脂肪酸绝对含量,北京油鸡150和450日龄的腿肌在营养及风味上要优于300日龄。  相似文献   

11.
1. Increased concentrations of maternal corticosterone are deposited into egg yolk under stress conditions. This experiment investigated the effect of maternal corticosterone on yolk and yolk sac fatty acid profiles of eggs and developing broiler embryos. 2. At 42 weeks of age, 200 broiler breeder females were randomly divided into two groups: maternal corticosterone (MC): 2 mg/hen/d of corticosterone dissolved in 1 mL of 99% ethanol and mixed in the individual daily feed for a 14 d period, and control: 1 mL of ethanol added to the individual daily feed. Hens were inseminated, and eggs were collected daily from d 3 of corticosterone feeding to d 14 and incubated. Fatty acid profiles of egg yolk and yolk sac were analysed before incubation and at 12, 14, 18 and 21 d of incubation. 3. Yolk corticosterone concentrations were greater in MC eggs. Before incubation, eggs from MC had lower DHA (22 : 6 n-3) but higher stearic (18 : 0) and dihomo-gamma linolenic (20 : 3 n-6 Cis 8,11,14) acid content compared with the control. 4. Higher concentrations of stearic (18 : 0), elaidic (18 : 1 tr n-9), eicosenoic (20 : 1 n-9), eicosadienoic (20 : 2 n-6), dihomo-gamma linoleic (20 : 3 n-6) and arachidonic (20 : 4 n-6) acids and lower concentrations of myristic (14 : 0), palmitoleic (16 : 1 n-7), linoleic (18 : 2 n-6) and DHA (22 : 6 n-3) were found at different periods of incubation in the residual yolk sac of MC than from controls. 5. The results suggest that the preferentially selective absorption of fatty acids is related to specific tissue requirements.  相似文献   

12.
This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of inhibiting rumen bacteria,fungi and protozoa with adding linoleic acid and linolenic acid on in vitro rumen fermentation and fatty acid metabolism in buffaloes.Both fatty acids were supplemented with substrate and roughage (3:7) at the rate of 3% on dry matter (DM) basis in an in vitro batch culture system,there were 5 repetitions for each group.At the same time,four groups were set up:Control group and inhibition groups of protozoa,bacteria and fungi.After 24 h of incubation,total gas production,CH4,pH,VFA,NH3-N,MCP and LFA concentrations were measured.The results showed that:①With the addition of linolenic acid,compared with control group,the gas production decreased significantly after inhibition the growth of bacteria and protozoa,CH4 production increased significantly after inhibition of the growth bacteria and fungi,and CH4 production decreased significantly after inhibition of the growth protozoa (P<0.05).With the addition of linoleic acid,compared with control group,the gas production decreased significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa,and CH4 production was significantly lower than other groups after inhibition of protozoa (P<0.05).② After inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa,the pH and MCP concentration were affected significantly with the addition of linolenic acid (P<0.05),there was no significant effect on NH3-N concentration with the addition of linoleic acid (P>0.05).③ Compared with control group,the content of acetic acid and propionic acid was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa (P<0.05).The butyric acid was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of linolenic acid (P<0.05).The butyric acid was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa with the addition of linoleic acid (P<0.05).④ Compared with control group, the concentrations of C11:0, C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C14:1n5, C15:1n5, C16:1n7, C16:0, C18:3n3, C18:2n6c, C18:0, C20:2n6, C20:3n6, C20:1, C20:3n3, C20:0, C21:0, C22:6n3, C22:2n6, C22:0 was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of linolenic acid, the concentrations of C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C15:0, C16:1n7, C16:0, C17:0, C18:3n6, C18:3n3, C18:2n6c, C18:1n9t, C18:0, C18:2(cis-9,trans-11), C18:2(trans-10,cis-12), C20:2n6, C20:1, C20:0, C21:0, C22:6n3, C22:0, C23:0, C24:1n9, C24:0 was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of linoleic acid (P<0.05).The results revealed that the addition of linoleic acid and linolenic acid could significantly manipulate in vitro rumen fermentation parameters,CH4 yield and fatty acid composition after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa.Protozoa greatly contributed to total gas and CH4 production while bacteria significantly affected rumen fatty acid metabolism.  相似文献   

13.
An 18-week feeding trial was performed to investigate the effects of an omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid-enriched ration on plasma fatty acid concentrations and platelet aggregation in healthy horses. Flaxseed oil served as the source of the n-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Twelve horses were fed dietary maintenance requirements using a complete pelleted ration (80%) and timothy grass hay (20%) for a 2-week acclimation period before being randomly assigned either to a treatment (group 1) or control (group 2) group. Group 2 horses (n = 6) were fed the diet described in the acclimation period, whereas group I horses (n = 6) were fed a 10% flaxseed oil-enriched complete pellet (80%) and grass hay (20%). Biological samples and physical measurements were collected at one point during the acclimation period (week 0) and every 4 weeks thereafter (weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16). Body weight, CBC (including platelet count), plasma fibrinogen. electrolyte (Na, K, and Cl) concentrations, and biochemical profile enzyme activities (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and creatine kinase) did not change markedly with diet. Platelet aggregation was not altered by the supplementation of flaxseed oil in these healthy horses, although increases in plasma cis-polyunsaturated 18-carbon fatty acids C18:3; n-3 (ALA) and C18:2; n-6 (linoleic acid), biologically active C20:5; n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evident. There were no marked decreases in C20:4; n-6 (arachidonic acid [AA]) or increases in C22:6; n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]), signifying that flaxseed oil may have had a high percentage of omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids as well as n-3 fatty acids, and this relatively high n-6: n-3 fatty acid ratio may have affected the biochemical effect of n-3 fatty acids. In healthy horses supplemented with flaxseed oil, platelet aggregation was not altered, which may have been due to the limited biologic effect in healthy subjects or the inability of flaxseed oil to induce the necessary biochemical effect of replacing n-6 fatty acids with n-3 types.  相似文献   

14.
Background: The positive influence of replacing dietary starch with sugar on milk fat production has been proposed to be partially attributed to the inhibition of the rumen trans-10 biohydrogenation pathway. However,whether and how sucrose inhibits the rumen trans-10 biohydrogenation pathway remains elusive.Results: A batch in vitro incubation system was used to evaluate effects of replacing cornstarch in a high-concentrate diet(forage to concentrate ratio = 40:60) with 0(control), 3, 6 and 9 % of sucrose on rumen fermentation pattern, fatty acid(FA) biohydrogenation pathways and bacterial populations relating to trans-11 to trans-10 biohydrogenation pathways. Replacing dietary cornstarch with sucrose did not alter rumen p H or concentrations of total volatile fatty acids(VFA) in comparison with the control but significantly influenced the profiles of individual VFA. The molar proportions of butyrate and valerate were linearly increased, while that of acetate was quadratically decreased and those of propionate, isobutyrate and isovalerate were linearly decreased with increasing concentrations of sucrose in the diet. Furthermore, replacing cornstarch with sucrose led to a linear decrease in C18:1 trans-10, linear increases in the proportions of C18:1 trans-11, C18:2n-6 and the ratio of trans-11 to trans-10, and linear decreases in biohydrogenation of C18:2n-6 and C18:3n-3. The abundance of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, a butyrate and CLA cis-9,trans-11 producer, was increased with the increasing inclusion of sucrose in the diet, while the population of Megasphaera elsdenii, a CLA trans-10, cis-12 producer, was significantly decreased by all levels of sucrose replacements.Conclusions: These results indicate that replacing starch in a high-concentrate diet with sucrose increased butyrate production and inhibited the rumen trans-10 biohydrogenation pathway, which was at least partially due to increased abundance of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and decreased abundance of Megasphaera elsdenii.  相似文献   

15.
This study was designed to investigate whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) of the longissimus dorsi muscle (MLD) of rabbits induces specific proportional changes in the muscle fatty acid composition. Ten 4-week-old Pannon White rabbits were exposed to TENS treatment two times a day, with the following settings: 30 Hz, 20 micros impulse length, 10 mA, 2 x 20 min. After a treatment period of 50 days rabbits were slaughtered and the fatty acid composition of the MLD was determined by gas chromatography. The TENS treatment increased the proportions of linoleic (C18:2 n-6), linolenic (C18:3 n-3) and gondoic acids (C20:1 n-9), compared with the control group. The level of palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1 n-9) and eicosapentaenoic (C20:5 n-3) acids significantly decreased. The proportion of total unsaturated fatty acids significantly increased. On the basis of the results obtained, TENS may have similar effects on the muscle fatty acid profile like physical training. Based on the supposal that the composition of membrane structure was also affected, the electrical stimulation of muscles may have further consequences, e.g. on membrane properties.  相似文献   

16.
本试验旨在研究不同长链脂肪酸组合对体外培养瘤胃细菌发酵和群体结构的影响。以3头瘤胃瘘管奶牛提供瘤胃液,对照(A)组底物含5%脂肪酸钙,试验组培养底物中硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸的含量分别为1.5%、1.0%、0.5%和1.5%(B组),1.5%、1.0%、1.5%和1.0%(C组),1.0%、1.5%、1.5%和0.5%(D组)以及1.5%、0.5%、0.5%和1.0%(E组)。在培养后0、3、6、12、18、24 h采集培养液,测定p H、氨氮浓度和瘤胃细菌含量。结果表明:1)培养液p H在组间的差异不显著(P0.05);C组的培养液氨氮浓度显著高于B、D组(P0.05)。2)除白色瘤胃球菌,其他菌属含量在组间存在显著差异(P0.05)。其中琥珀酸拟杆菌、生黄瘤胃球菌、蛋白溶解梭菌和嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌含量在B组较高;C组溶纤维丁酸弧菌、埃氏巨球菌、降解淀粉瘤胃球菌以及瘤胃总细菌含量显著高于其他各组(P0.05)。培养液埃氏巨球菌含量最高,为优势菌。综合得出,脂肪酸组合对瘤胃总细菌和大部分细菌种属含量有显著影响,这与发酵模式有关。  相似文献   

17.
试验旨在研究草颗粒和草颗粒补饲精料对乌珠穆沁羊生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取20只6月龄体重为(28.83±0.19) kg乌珠穆沁羊,采用随机区组设计,随机分为2组,每组10只。设计2种日粮饲喂乌珠穆沁羊,分别为草颗粒(对照组)和草颗粒补饲精料(试验组)。结果表明:补饲精料未能显著影响羊的日增重(P>0.05),日增重分别为56.33和60.00 g。对照组和试验组的3项屠宰性能指标(宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率)、6项化学成分指标(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、有机物、干物质、钙、磷)、6项肉品质指标(pH1、pH24、大理石纹、亮度、熟肉率、剪切力)、16项脂肪酸指标和15项氨基酸指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。试验组羊4项屠宰性能指标(净肉重、净肉率、眼肌面积、GR值)、4项肉品质指标(红度、黄度、胆固醇、失水率)、6项脂肪酸指标(十三碳酸、肉豆蔻酸、珍珠酸、γ-亚麻酸、α-亚麻酸、花生酸)和3项氨基酸指标(异亮氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组7项主要脂肪酸(丁酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻烯酸、十五碳酸、十五碳烯酸、棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、油酸、n-6/n-3)、苏氨酸和谷氨酸显著高于试验组(P<0.05)。饲喂草颗粒补饲精料对乌珠穆沁羊生长性能影响不大;天然草地草颗粒饲喂能满足家畜营养需求,在促进乌珠穆沁羊生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质方面具有重大潜力。  相似文献   

18.
The omega-3 fatty acid (FA) enrichment of yolk is a key means one of the main objectives to improve the nutraceutical properties of eggs. We evaluated the effect of the dietary inclusion of extruded linseed fed to laying hens on the fatty acid composition of the polar and non-polar lipid classes of the eggs. Two groups of 36 Lohmann White Leghorn layers (65 weeks old) were each fed one of two different diets for a period of 12 weeks. The two diets consisted of a conventional cereal-based diet concentrate (C) and a diet concentrate containing 5% linseed (L). The inclusion of linseed in the diet increased the content of α-linolenic (C18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (C22:6n-3) acids in neutral lipids, while a concomitant decrease in arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) was observed. As regards the polar fraction, the fatty acid composition was slightly affected by the dietary treatments except for C18:0 (+1.14 fold), C18:2n-6 (+1.23 fold), C18:3n-3 (+2.8 fold) and C22:6n-3 (+1.41 fold). Principal component analysis demonstrated that very long-chain FAs were more representative of polar lipids, except for C20:5n-3, while neutral lipids were characterized by dietary n-3 FA (C18:3n-3).  相似文献   

19.
The effects of dietary fatty acids on serum and cutaneous fatty acids of healthy dogs were evaluated under controlled conditions. Beagle puppies (n = 12) were fed a standard diet supplemented with sunflower oil (group A), olive oil (group B) or no supplementation (group C) for 12 weeks. There were no significant differences in food intake or growth rates between the three groups. Dogs in group A had significant increases (P < 0.05) in serum 18:2n6 (linoleic acid) and 20:3n6 (dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid), and cutaneous 18:2n6 with significant decreases in serum 20:4n6 (arachidonic acid) and cutaneous 18:1n9 (oleic acid) and 18:3n3 (alpha-linolenic acid). Dogs in group B had significant increases in serum 18:1n9, 20:3n6 and cutaneous 18:1n9 with decreases in serum 20:4n6, 22:4n6, 22:5n3 and 22:5n6, and cutaneous 18:2n6, 18:3n3 and 20:4n6. There were no significant changes in serum or cutaneous fatty acids for the dogs in group C. This study demonstrates that fatty acid supplements can be used to alter the serum and cutaneous fatty acid compositions of dogs.  相似文献   

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