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1.
[Objective] The aim of this study is to evaluate nitrogen efficient cotton germplasms and improve nitrogen use efficiency. [Method] Eighty cotton germplasms were selected and evaluated in the hydroponic experiment under low (0.25 mmol·L－1) and high (5 mmol·L－1) nitrogen concentration. Different traits for screening were identified and nitrogen use efficiency types were classified. Field experiments were also performed for comparison and confirmation of the identified germplasms. [Result] The results showed that there were significant differences in the total plant dry matter, shoot nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen absorption efficiency in cotton germplasms at the two nitrogen levels. Based on coefficient of variation, principal component analysis and correlation, six traits including total plant dry matter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, total nitrogen accumulation, shoot nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen absorption efficiency were used as screening indicators. According to the Heatmap clustering analysis and the nitrogen efficiency comprehensive index, two germplasms (Lu05R59 and CCRI 69) were identified as low nitrogen tolerant and nitrogen efficient, and two germplasms (Coker 201 and Xinluzhong 30) as low nitrogen sensitive and nitrogen inefficient. The results of field experiment were consistent with the results of the hydroponic culture at the seedling stage. [Conclusion] It was finally determined that Lu05R59 and CCRI 69 were the low nitrogen tolerant and nitrogen efficient germplasms, and Coker 201 and Xinluzhong 30 were low nitrogen sensitive and nitrogen inefficient germplasms. The results of these studies provide the possibility for screening and rapid identification of nitrogen use efficiency in cotton at the seedling stage, and provide the ideal materials and theoretical basis for further study of cotton nitrogen efficient.  相似文献   

2.
为明确追施不同氮肥量对陆地棉SPAD值及干物质积累与分配的影响,在南疆巴州地区以当地主栽品种‘巴43541’为材料,设置4个追施氮肥水平,分别为不追施氮(N0)、减施50%常规追施氮肥(N1)、常规追施氮肥(N2)、增施50%常规追施氮肥(N3),分析不同追施氮肥量对叶片SPAD值、干物质积累与分配、产量以及氮肥利用的影响。结果表明,减施50%追施氮肥量能增加陆地棉各生育期的SPAD值和SPAD积累值,且生殖器官干物质转化比例最高为60.53%,产量为6581.32 kg/hm2,相比于其他处理增产1.4%～16.5%,氮肥偏生产力和氮肥农学利用率均显著高于其他处理。减施50%常规追施氮肥处理较其他处理增产虽然不显著,但是能够显著增高氮肥偏生产力和氮肥农学利用效率,可考虑在生产实践中应用。  相似文献   

3.
[Objective] The optimum nitrogen rate of 300 kg·hm－2 is well documented for cotton in the Yangtze River Valley, China. It can be reduced to 225 kg·hm－2 without reducing yield in late sowing under high planting density. The aim of this study was to determine the possibility of further reducing the nitrogen application rate at the first flower stage, its residual effects and influence on cotton yield formation rule. [Method] A pot experiment was conducted with five nitrogen levels (120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 kg·hm－2) in 2014, but only 180 kg·hm－2(for studying nitrogen residual effect) in 2015, to study the cotton growth process, yield and its components and biomass accumulation. [Result] Nitrogen levels significantly affected the yield and biomass accumulation, but not the growth process and nitrogen residual effect. Maximum seed cotton yield (30.5 g·plant－1), boll weight (3.8 g) and biomass accumulation, especially in the reproductive and vegetative organs, was recorded in the 180 kg·hm－2 nitrogen treatment. In the rapid accumulation period, the proportion of biomass accumulation in the reproductive organs was the highest. [Conclusion] In a soil with medium fertility level, the application of 180 kg·hm－2 nitrogen was optimal, because the strength of biomass accumulation in reproductive organs increased during the rapid accumulation period.  相似文献   

4.
麦后移栽棉不同品种棉铃内干物质积累与分配研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
以陆地棉早熟品种中棉14、中熟品种苏棉4号和泗棉2号为材料,研究了麦后移栽棉不同开花期棉铃内干物质积累分配的特点:麦后移栽棉棉铃各部分干物质积累比一熟棉和麦套棉时间长,并随开花期的推迟,干物质积累高峰期相应推迟。早熟品种干物质积累和运转比中熟品种快1～2周。后期低温影响铃壳养分向子棉输送,尤其对种子的影响更为严重。因此,麦后移栽棉在生产上更应强调早发、早熟、争高产优质。  相似文献   

5.
在北疆气候条件下,为明确棉花对不同施氮量下增效缩节胺[DPC+,25%甲哌鎓(1,1-dimethylpiperidinium chloride, DPC)水剂]化学封顶效应的响应,以新陆早53号为试验材料,在150(N1)、300(N2)和450(N3) kg hm~(–2)施氮水平下,以人工打顶(P0)为对照,研究DPC+剂量[450(P1)、750(P2)和1050(P3) mL hm~(–2)]对棉花叶绿素含量(Chl)、叶面积(LA)、气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数及干物质累积与分配的影响。结果表明,同一DPC+剂量下,随施氮量增加, Chl、LA、气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数和生殖器官干物质(RODM)均呈现先上升后下降的趋势;同一施氮量下,上述参数因DPC+剂量不同呈不同变化趋势,其中N1水平下以P1处理、N2水平下以P2处理、N3水平下以P3处理表现出较高的RODM、Chl、净光合速率(Pn)、实际光化学效率(ФPSII)、电子传递速率(ETR),较低的非光化学淬灭(NPQ)。DPC+与施氮量互作表现为,与其他处理相比, Chl、Pn、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、ФPSII、ETR、RODM在N2P2处理下分别提高了15.52%、29.39%、27.97%、36.77%、23.28%、23.55%、8.41%～22.24%, NPQ降低了34.54%。相关分析表明,干物质累积和Chl、LA、Pn、Gs、ФPSII均呈显著正相关,与NPQ呈极显著负相关。因此,在喷施DPC+(750 mL hm~(–2))条件下,适量追施氮肥(300kghm~(–2))能改善棉花光合性能,在增加干物质累积的基础上,促进了光合产物向生殖器官分配。  相似文献   

6.
行距对机采棉干物质积累及氮磷利用效率的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
【目的】新疆棉花生产的主要环节均已实现机械化,但采摘环节仍大量使用人工,农机农艺不协调是导致机收比例低的主要原因。优化机采棉行距配置是实现农机农艺融合的有效途径,因此本研究通过设置不同的机采棉行距,探究其对棉花产量形成及养分利用的影响,为机采棉行距配置的优化提供理论依据。【方法】采用随机区组设计,选择生产中最佳密度,在密度一致基础上,设置"一膜三行"(S1,平均行距76 cm)、"一膜四行"(S2,平均行距57 cm)、"一膜六行"(S3,平均行距38 cm)3种行距,其中S3处理为常规机采行距(CK),研究行距对棉花干物质积累、分配以及对产量形成及氮、磷养分吸收利用的影响。【结果】不同行距下棉花干物质的积累符合Logistic生长函数模型。2年均值表明随着平均行距的降低,单株干物质积累总量降低43.3%,干物质最大积累速率降低(1.4 g·株-1·d-1),快速积累期起始时间从出苗后51.4 d逐渐推迟至62.5 d,但快速积累持续时长从19.7 d增加至35.1 d。增加行距显著提高单株成铃(0.9个),对铃重及衣分无显著影响,籽棉及皮棉产量显著增加16.7%和17.4%。行距对植株养分积累与分配有显著的影响,S1处理氮积累总量(907.0 kg·hm-2)、磷积累总量(58.3 kg·hm-2)、吐絮期经济器官氮分配率和磷分配率(N 55.7%和P2O569.1%)、每100 kg皮棉氮素吸收量(32.1 kg)均最高;而S3处理氮积累总量(664.5 kg·hm-2)、磷积累总量(38.9 kg·hm-2)最低,S2处理吐絮期经济器官氮分配率和磷分配率(N 48.5%和P2O560.3%)、每100 kg皮棉氮素吸收量(28.6 kg)最低。【结论】综合来看,一膜三行下植株养分指标及产量均优于其他行距,更适宜作为高效机采的行距。  相似文献   

7.
研究盐碱胁迫下甜菜碱对海岛棉幼苗光合作用和生物量积累的影响,及在生长发育中的作用,为其在海岛棉抗盐碱栽培生产中的应用提供参考。本研究采用三因素随机区组试验设计,以新海35号和新海48号为试材,盐碱浓度为0、120、180、240 mmol L-1,甜菜碱浓度为0、30、60 mmol L-1。随着盐碱浓度升高, 2种海岛棉幼苗株高、叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、植株鲜重及干重积累均呈显著下降趋势,喷施甜菜碱后海岛棉幼苗生长发育、光合特性及生物量积累均有不同程度的提高;同一盐碱浓度下,随着甜菜碱浓度升高,海岛棉幼苗各项指标均先升高后降低,且30 mmol L-1>60 mmol L-1>0 mmol L-1, 30 mmol L-1与60 mmol L-1甜菜碱浓度之间无显著差异;同一甜菜碱浓度下,随着盐碱浓度的升高,对海岛棉幼苗各项指标的促进作用均表现为持续下降趋势,在盐碱浓度120 mmol L-1下,喷施30 mmol L-1甜菜碱对提高海岛棉光合气体参数具有显著效果,进而提高了海岛棉幼苗株高及增加了生物量积累;新海35号较新海48号的促进作用更为明显。因此,在盐碱地(0~120 mmol L-1)栽培中,叶面喷施甜菜碱(30 mmol L-1)对海岛棉生长发育及光合作用具有显著改善作用。  相似文献   

8.
2002-2003年在江苏高肥力棉田,移栽条件下对9个Bt基因棉花品种(系)的生长发育特点及其碳氮代谢特征进行了研究。结果表明,中棉所29等3个杂交种在整个生长期表现为棉株高增长快,叶面积增长量大,现蕾和成铃强度大,生殖器官干物重也高,叶片全氮、可溶性糖含量高,NR、GPT、Rubisco、Sucroase活性高,表现为生长发育两旺,常规Bt棉GK19和新棉33B盛花前株高、叶面积生长快,现蕾强度大,叶片全氮含量高、NR、GPT活性高,表现为前期生长旺盛;新洋822和苏抗103结铃盛期后叶面积生长快,现蕾和成铃强度大,碳氮代谢强,表现为后期生育旺盛;sGK321和鲁棉研16整个生育期氮代谢强度大,但可溶性糖含量低、Rubisco、Sucroase等活性小,营养生长快,生殖生长弱,表现为营养生长过旺。  相似文献   

9.
选用新疆近30年不同年代(1990s、2000s、2010s)早熟陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)大面积主栽品种,在膜下滴灌栽培条件下,测定其冠层开度、叶倾角、冠层光分布等指标,明确品种更替及产量提高过程中棉花冠层结构的变化特征,为棉花新品种选育及栽培管理提供依据。结果表明,在棉花品种更替及产量提高过程中,不同年代品种生育期相差不大,2010s品种生育期相对较长;盛铃期至吐絮期,2010s的主栽品种冠层开度相对较适宜,光吸收率比1990s和2000s的品种平均高1.06%和5.95%,且生育后期冠层开度、冠层光吸收率均能维持较高水平。2010s品种干物质积累量比1990s和2000s的品种平均高11.51%和15.59%,各器官干物质积累量也呈现增加的趋势。随品种更替叶倾角变化趋势不明显,但不同品种之间差异较大,叶倾角与叶片面积呈负相关。因此,随着棉花品种更替,目前推广品种生育中后期具有适宜的叶面积指数和冠层开度,光吸收率维持在90%左右,总干物质积累量较大是其冠层结构和光合物质生产的重要特征。  相似文献   

10.
Bt移栽棉干物质积累与产量及器官建成关系的研究   总被引：2，自引：5，他引：2  
研究了转Bt基因抗虫常规棉GK19和抗虫杂交棉中棉所29的群体干物质积累及其增长量对产量及棉株器官建成的影响,结果表明:盛花前保持适宜干物质的增长量,盛花后促进群体干物质的积累有利于产量的提高.株高、LAI及营养器官干重大小决定于盛花前群体干物质积累量的高低.盛花前保持适宜的干物质积累量有利于促进群体果枝数、果节数、生殖器官干重的增加;盛花后促进群体干物质积累有利于群体生殖器官干重、总铃数、成铃率及铃重提高.因此,转基因抗虫棉花群体盛花前调节群体干物质保持适宜增长量,才能形成适宜的群体LAI、适宜株高、果枝数和总果节量,为高产建立合理的群体结构基础,在此基础上,保持盛花后整个结铃吐絮期有较高的干物质积累量是获得高产更高产的根本所在.  相似文献   

11.
基于不同肥源的棉花减氮施肥效果比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
棉花生产中施氮量高、氮肥利用效率低的问题较为突出。以不施氮肥（CK）和当地习惯施肥（CF,施N 270kg/hm 2,普通复合肥）为对照,在田间条件下研究了生物有机复合肥（T1）、控释掺混肥（T2）、有机无机复混肥（T3）3种肥源减氮（N）20%对麦后移栽棉花生长、产量及氮素利用效率的影响。结果表明：T2处理整个生育期棉花最新完全展开叶净光合速率（Pn）均高于其他处理,且到花铃期显著高于CF。蕾期T1处理叶、茎、蕾干物质重显著高于其他处理,花铃期T2处理茎干物质重显著高于CK、T1和T3处理。花铃期棉株氮吸收量T2处理最高,分别比CF、T1、T3高27.0%、19.7%、36.5%,其中生殖器官（蕾、铃）氮吸收量亦是T2最高,分别比CF、T1、T3高46.1%、13.6%、35.3%。T2处理较CF显著增产3.4%,其氮肥表观利用率、氮肥偏生产力和氮肥农学利用率分别为28.6%、13.6kg/kg和5.6kg/kg,显著高于CF的19.0%、10.5kg/kg和4.1kg/kg,同时T2处理的产投比最大（3.7）,净收入最大（13 925.5元/hm 2）。  相似文献   

12.
王艳丹  高欣  彭金剑  汤飞宇 《作物杂志》2023,39(2):106-2202
为探究不同生育期棉花品种的干物质积累及产量与其碳氮代谢相关性,采用生育期不同的2个陆地棉近等基因系早熟系4003-10和中熟系4003-6,测定生殖生长阶段蕾期至吐絮期根、茎、叶的全氮、氨基酸、非结构性碳水化合物（己糖、蔗糖和淀粉）含量及棉株各部位生物量,比较2个品系的差异,并分析营养器官含氮量与生物量的相关性。结果表明,4003-6比4003-10具有更大的铃重、衣分及皮棉产量。生殖生长阶段4003-6叶片比4003-10具有较高的全氮、氨基酸、非结构性总碳、淀粉含量及碳氮比,表明前者叶片具有较强的碳氮代谢活性和碳水化合物生产能力;4003-6的根系氨基酸水平高于4003-10,且具有更高的氮素吸收效率。在营养器官中,根系含氮量对棉花植株地上部、根系、营养器官和生殖器官的生物量积累影响最大。早熟系4003-10单株根、茎、叶的含氮量与生殖器官生物量的相关系数均高于中熟系4003-6,表明早熟品系的吸氮能力对产量影响更大。  相似文献   

13.
[Objective] Cotton fibers are single cells derived from the ovule epidermis, cotton fuzz of seeds are also formed by the ovule epidermis. Therefore, we conduct this experiment to locate the fuzzless gene n2 so as to lay a foundation for its clone and function study. [Method] Two F2 populations derived from a cross between the Xinhai 21 and the fuzzless mutant of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) n2 was constructed. Combined with cotton genomic data and developed simple sequence repeat markers to locate the gene. The predicted gene sequence was acquired and the differences in its expression in two parents were analyzed by using the quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction method. [Result] The fuzzless gene was located in a 181 kbp region on chromosome A12 within markers P61 and Z10. There are seven candidate genes in the region. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction verification shows significant differences in the expression of 72098 gene in two parents. [Conclusion] In this experiment, the fine mapping and candidate genes analysis of gene n2 were completed, which laid a foundation for n2 gene cloning and functional verification.  相似文献   

14.
增密减氮对棉花干物质和氮素积累分配及产量的影响   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
为了探讨种植密度和施氮量对棉花干物质与氮素积累分配及产量的影响。本研究以聊棉6号为试验材料,设置5.25、6.75和8.25万株hm~(-2) (D_(5.25)、D_(6.75)、D_(8.25)) 3个种植密度, 0、105、210、315和420 kg hm~(-2) (N_0、N_(105)、N_(210)、N_(315)、N_(420)) 5个施氮量,研究增密减氮对棉花干物质积累与分配、氮素积累与分配、产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,与D_(5.25)相比, D_(6.75)、D_(8.25)条件下棉花干物质积累量显著升高, 2016年提高了17.6%、28.7%, 2017年提高了12.6%、20.9%。与N_0相比,施氮肥后干物质积累量随施氮量的增加显著升高, 2016年各施氮处理分别提高了4.5%、11.1%、13.7%、16.3%, 2017年提高了3.6%、13.5%、15.3%、19.8%。棉花氮素吸收与干物质积累动态曲线均符合Logistic模型, 2年间棉株氮素最大累积量(Y_m)均在D_(8.25)N_(420)处理下获得,与平均值相比,棉株氮素最大累积量分别提高了17.3%和23.8%、快速累积持续时间(T)延长了5.2%和9.9%、最大累积速率(V_m)提升11.5%和13.8%,氮素快速积累期起始时期(t1)比干物质积累分别提早了4.1 d和6.4 d。2016年D_(5.25)N_(315)、D_(6.75)N_(210)、D_(6.75)N_(105)和2017年D_(5.25)N315、D_(6.75)N_(210)处理的棉花产量显著高于其他处理。种植密度和施氮量的互作效应对棉花产量的影响显著,增密减氮可以获得高产,推荐本地区棉花种植密度从常规的5.25万株hm~(-2)增加到6.75万株hm~(-2),施氮量从常规的300kghm~(-2)第一年减少为105 kg hm~(-2),第二年减少为210 kg hm~(-2)。  相似文献   

15.
以鲁棉研36号为试验材料,在滨海盐碱地设置常规耕作(CT)、深松(ST)、秸秆还田(SR)、秸秆还田+深松(SRT)4个处理,研究棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花产量、0～40 cm土层含盐量、棉花干物质积累动态、氮(N)磷(P)钾(K)养分积累和分配特性的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田在2年试验内均可增加棉花产量, SR产量比CT增加33.9%, SRT比ST增加32.1%;深松在2017年增加了棉花产量, 2018年对产量无影响。秸秆还田在2年试验中均降低0～40 cm土层含盐量, SR的含盐量在棉花生育后期比CT降低22.4%, SRT的土壤含盐量比ST降低20.7%;深松在2年试验内对20～40cm土层含盐量的影响不一致,ST含盐量在2017年棉花生育后期比CT降低16.5%,但在2018年深松对土壤含盐量无影响。棉花干物质和N、P、K积累动态均符合Logistic生长曲线。棉花秸秆还田后增加了棉花干物质和N、P、K的最大积累量, SR的干物质、N、P、K最大积累量比CT分别提高35.5%、38.3%、53.4%和55.0%, SRT比ST分别提高27.0%、30.7%、21.2%和42.4...  相似文献   

16.
[Objective] Intercropping as an intensive planting method, could increase the utilization ratio of land and resources. The study aimed to explore the advantages and disadvantages of cotton/sesame intercropping, and then find out the best planting pattern of cotton/sesame intercropping. [Method] Equidistant row monocropping cotton (Tc1), wide narrow row monocropping cotton (Tc2) and monocropping sesame (Ts) were used as control. We designed three intercropping patterns as follows: 1-1 pattern (cotton row spacing was 80 cm, one row of sesame was planted in the two row spacing), 2-1 pattern (cotton grown in wide-narrow-row, one row of sesame was planted in the wide row spacing), and 2-2 pattern (cotton grown in wide-narrow-row, two rows of sesame were planted in the wide row spacing). The effects of different intercropping patterns on cotton/sesame yield, yield components, leaf area index dynamic change and dry matter accumulation were investigated. The land equivalent ratio was used as an index to assess the land use efficiency. [Result] The results showed that cotton/sesame yield were significantiy affected by different intercropping patterns. However, the seed cotton yield decreased only slightly in 2-1 intercropping pattern. Two years average showed that, the seed cotton yield, plant height, boll number of per plant and boll weight in 1-1 pattern were reduced by 17.3%, 7.9%, 19.7% and 7.9% compared with Tc1, respectively. In the treatment of 2-2 model, which reduced by 16.4%, 5.81%, 14.8% and 6.2% in comparison with Tc2. But in the intercropping systems, the mixed yield and comprehensive economic benefit of cotton and sesame were higher than those of cotton and sesame monoculture. The leaf area index of the group and the total amount of dry matter accumulation in unit area increased significantly under cotton/sesame intercropping systems. The land equivalent ratios in 2015 and 2016 were from 1 to 1.24 and 0.91 to 1.16, respectively. [Conclusion] Under different cotton/sesame intercropping systems, the mixed yield and total economic benefit were higher than that of monocropping cotton or sesame. The 2-1 cotton/sesame intercropping pattern occupied the most optimal production performance and easy to cultivate, which was the practicable intercropping patterns in sustainable development.  相似文献   

17.
 研究了N素积累对高品质棉（科棉3号）干物质积累及分配、产量和纤维品质的效应,结果表明,提高盛铃期蕾铃干物重是高产的关键,盛蕾至盛花期营养器官和盛花至盛铃期各器官N素积累与盛铃期棉花蕾铃干物重呈显著正相关。伏桃产量随盛花期棉花各器官N素积累增加而显著提高,伏桃产量和早秋桃产量分别随盛铃期叶片和茎枝N素积累增加而提高,伏桃、早秋桃和晚秋桃产量随盛铃期蕾铃N素积累增加而提高。施N量对棉花纤维品质的影响主要是影响烂铃率和纤维N代谢。综合来看,施N量过高,主要是导致烂铃率大幅度提高,对纤维长度、强度和麦克隆值等影响都大,而在适宜施N量以内,施N量增加,棉纤维强度和麦克隆值表现为降低的趋势,而对棉纤维长度影响不大。  相似文献   

18.
[Objective] The aim of this study was to screen cotton varieties (lines) able to tolerate low nitrogen conditions, thereby tapping the potential of cotton to absorb and utilize nitrogen. [Method] This study analyzed the differences and correlations between the main cotton agronomic traits under two nitrogen levels using the sand culture method and 270 cotton varieties from different generations in three major cotton regions as materials. Principal component analysis and the membership function method were used to screen for low nitrogen-tolerant cotton varieties. [Result] The seven agronomic traits of 270 varieties varied greatly with different nitrogen levels. The coefficients of variation were all above 10 except for the SPAD value in four batches, and root biomass and cotton plant biomass in the first batch under low nitrogen level. The variation coefficient of nitrogen accumulation reached 60.02. The maximum relative value of SPAD, leaf area, and root biomass was greater than 80% in the first batch. The maximum relative values of SPAD, plant height, root biomass, shoot biomass, and cotton plant biomass were greater than 80% in the third and fourth batches, indicating that there are low nitrogen-tolerant genotypes in the selected materials. [Conclusion] Preliminary screening identified 32 low nitrogen-tolerant cultivars, including CCRI 35, CCRI 69, Yumian 12, Xinluzao 12, and Xinluzao 23. Furthermore, 32 varieties sensitive to nitrogen stress, including CCRI 64, CCRI 662, Xinluzhong 15, and Xinluzao 53, were identified.  相似文献   

19.
《棉花学报》2018,30(2):155-163
[Objective] The purpose of this study was to examine potential drought tolerance mechanisms in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Biochemical (antioxidant, protein and compatible osmolyte) and physiological (photosynthesis) responses to drought stress during the flowering and fruiting stages were examined. [Method] Using two cotton genotypes (A001 and A705) with different drought tolerance, a pot study was conducted in 2016 with treatments consisting of control (well-watered) and water stress. Water stress treatment was designed as withholding water from the pots until stomatal closure followed by limited water supply for 25 days where water-stressed plants received 40% of the optimum quantity of water. Measurements were made on soluble protein, proline and malonaldehyde (MDA) concentrations, peroxidase (POD) activity and photosynthetic characteristics (net photosynthetic rate Pn, transpiration rate E, stomatal conductance Gs) during the period of water stress. [Result] The soluble protein concentration was decreased and POD activity and MDA level were increased in the leaf subtending cotton boll of A001 under water deficit when compared with the control, but no response was observed in A705. Proline level responded to water deficit inconsistently between the two genotypes and across all sampling dates. Water stress significantly decreased Pn, E and Gs in the main stem leaves for both A001 and A705. [Conclusion] The results indicated that POD, soluble protein and MDA are involved in A001 and A705 responses to water deficit, and A705 is more tolerant to soil drought than A001.  相似文献   

20.
[Objective]The aim of this study is to elucidate the physiological mechanism of cotton leaf without defoliant response to thidiazuron (TDZ). [Method] A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of defoliants on the photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant enzyme activity, and endogenous hormone contents of cotton leaf without defoliant at 1 d, 3 d, 6 d and 10 d after the application of TDZ. Cultivar CCRI-50 was used for this experiment. [Result] TDZ rapidly induced cotton leaf abscission, however, no abscission was detected to the cotton leaf without defoliants. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of cotton leaf without defoliants was reduced by 1 d, 3 d and 6 d after TDZ applied, but rise to the control treated with water level by 10 d. TDZ also caused a significant decline in the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), the quantum yield of electron transport (ΦPSII), the electron transport rate (Ret) and the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), but an increase in the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qNP). However, with the same changes as Pn, the chlorophyll fluorescence characters got to the control by 10 d. TDZ application significantly increased the superoxide dismutase activity, did not affect the peroxidase activity, decease the malondialdehyde content. Abscisic acid contents in the cotton leaf without defoliant were lower than control by 3 d and 6 d after the applied of TDZ, but have the same level with control at 10 d, and the auxin had a little changes compared with control during the whole period of experimental time. [Conclusion] TDZ application significantly affect the photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant enzyme activity, and endogenous hormone contents of cotton leaf without defoliant. When the leaf with defoliant drop off, the physiological characters of cotton leaf without of defoliants recovered to control level, and no abscission were detected.  相似文献   

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