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1.
斜纹夜蛾对15种杀虫剂的抗药性监测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确海南地区斜纹夜蛾对农业生产上主推及新型杀虫剂的抗性水平,本文采用叶片浸渍法测定了15种杀虫剂对斜纹夜蛾敏感种群和田间种群的室内毒力。结果表明,斜纹夜蛾对苏云金杆菌（ Bt）、阿维菌素产生了极高水平的抗性,抗性倍数分别为196．15和183．28倍;对毒死蜱、高效氯氰菊酯、茚虫威产生了高水平的抗性,抗性倍数分别为114．89、85．88和73．20倍;对乙基多杀菌素产生了中等水平的抗性,抗性倍数为10．56倍;对氰氟虫腙、甲维盐为低水平抗性,抗性倍数分别为6．95和6．21倍;对虫螨腈、甲氧虫酰肼的敏感性降低,抗性倍数分别为4．96和4．37倍;对溴氰虫酰胺、氯虫苯甲酰胺、氟虫双酰胺、丁醚脲、虱螨脲等均未产生明显的抗性。根据海南地区抗性监测的结果,提出了相应的抗性治理策略。 相似文献
2.
细胞色素氧化酶P450介导的昆虫抗药性研究有利于延缓或防止昆虫对杀虫剂产生抗性,延长杀虫剂的使用寿命。基于此,简要介绍昆虫细胞色素氧化酶P450的研究情况,以及昆虫抗药性与细胞色素氧化酶P450的关系,并对细胞色素P450介导抗性的分子基础进行介绍。 相似文献
3.
比较江西贵溪和金溪马尾松毛虫种群对氯氰菊酯的耐药性与MFO细胞色素P450活性,并测定PB和SV1两种增效剂对马尾松毛虫MFO细胞色素P450活性的抑制作用,结果表明耐药性强的贵溪马尾松毛虫种群体内MFO细胞色素P450含量较耐药性弱的金溪种群高。PB和SV1对马尾松毛虫体内MFO细胞色素P450的抑制作用随浓度的增加有所加强,且PB对马尾松毛虫体内不同组织MFO细胞色素P450的抑制作用较SV1强。表明PB和SV1对拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的增效作用机制之一是直接抑制了马尾松毛虫MFO细胞色素P450的活性,降低了其对拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的解毒作用。 相似文献
4.
【目的】探索甜菜叶蛾产生抗药性的分子机制。【方法】利用RACE技术,从甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua中克隆获得1个细胞色素P450基因的全长cDNA序列。【结果】该基因全长894 bp,开放阅读框411 bp,3′和5′端非编码序列分别为79和213 bp,推导的氨基酸序列编码194个氨基酸,推测编码蛋白质的分子量为22.30 kDa,等电点为8.22。同源性比对分析发现,甜菜夜蛾细胞色素P450基因与斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura、甘蓝夜蛾Mamestra brassicae、棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera和谷实夜蛾Helicoverpa zea细胞色素P450的相似性分别为42%、41%、39%和42%。【结论】研究结果可为今后深入研究甜菜夜蛾细胞色素P450功能提供借鉴和参考。 相似文献
5.
[目的]本文旨在明确稗[Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)P.Beauv]对五氟磺草胺产生抗药性的机制。[方法]采用整株生物测定的方法研究3种细胞色素P450抑制剂(PBO、ABT和马拉硫磷)对抗五氟磺草胺稗HYYJ-1种群敏感性的影响;以敏感种群JLGY-3为对照,应用分子生物学等方法进行了抗性种群乙酰乳酸合成酶(acetolactate synthase,ALS)活性、ALS基因序列及ALS基因表达量的研究。[结果]发现P450抑制剂PBO、ABT和马拉硫磷均能显著提高抗性种群对五氟磺草胺的敏感性,鲜质量抑制中剂量(ED50,以药剂有效成分计),从27.16 g·hm~(-2)下降为3.44、6.06和3.23 g·hm~(-2);通过ALS基因序列比对,未发现HYYJ-1种群ALS基因发生氨基酸替换;抗性和敏感种群ALS离体酶活性及基因表达量差异不明显。[结论]抗性种群HYYJ-1对五氟磺草胺产生抗药性不是ALS靶标酶变化所致,而与细胞色素P450代谢作用加强有关。 相似文献
6.
植物性杀虫剂对斜纹夜蛾的生物活性研究进展 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura Fab.)是重要的农业害虫，近年来在国内多个地区严重发生为害。并对多种类型的杀虫剂产生了抗性．对斜纹夜蛾在国内的发生特点和防治现状。国内外筛选出的对斜纹夜蛾幼虫有拒食、胃毒、触杀和生长发育抑制等作用的多种杀虫植物和植物性杀虫剂等进行了综述。并就植物性杀虫剂的优点和不足进行了讨论． 相似文献
7.
为了了解斜纹夜蛾对阿维菌素的抗药性,采用浸渍法和分光光度法进行了海南省斜纹夜蛾对阿维菌素的敏感性分析。试验结果表明,海南不同地区斜纹夜蛾对阿维菌素的敏感性存在明显差异。与两院斜纹夜蛾种群对阿维菌素的LC50抗性比值可以看出,2004年崖城、罗带、金江和通什斜纹夜蛾种群对阿维菌素的抗药性分别是两院的8.94、4.60、6.12和2.82倍,2005年分别是两院的24.66、22.59、11.24和4.41倍,抗性发展十分迅速;羧酸酯酶活性测定结果表明,用阿维菌素18.00、9.00、4.50、3.00、2.25 µg/g处理斜纹夜蛾后,各处理的斜纹夜蛾羧酸酯酶活性均明显增强,且均与清水对照差异显著,说明羧酸酯酶活性显著增强可能是导致斜纹夜蛾对阿维菌素敏感性降低的主要原因之一。 相似文献
8.
【目的】明确草地贪夜蛾[Spodoptera frugiperda（J. E. Smith）]及其近缘种斜纹夜蛾[Spodoptera litura（Fabricius）]幼虫体内保护酶和解毒酶对2种不同作用类型杀虫剂的响应,为草地贪夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾的田间防控及抗药性治理提供科学依据。【方法】采用叶片浸渍法测定甲维盐和氯虫苯甲酰胺对草地贪夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的毒力,并用2种杀虫剂亚致死浓度（LC25）和致死中浓度（LC50）处理过的小麦叶片分别饲喂2种害虫的3龄幼虫,比较取食6、12、18、24和48 h后幼虫体内保护酶[超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）]及解毒酶[谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）、细胞色素P450（CYP450）和羧酸酯酶（CarE）]的活性变化。【结果】甲维盐对草地贪夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾的毒力高于氯虫苯甲酰胺。2类杀虫剂胁迫下2种害虫的CYP450活性均上升,且草地贪夜蛾的CYP450活性高于斜纹夜蛾,在甲维盐和氯虫苯甲酰胺低剂量（LC25）胁迫下草地贪夜蛾的CYP450活性均高于高剂量（LC50）胁迫处理,处理后48 h均达最高值（15.72±0.41和15.36±0.47 ng/mL）;而草地贪夜蛾另2种解毒酶（GST和CarE）活性在甲维盐处理后低于斜纹夜蛾。甲维盐胁迫下2种害虫体内保护酶（SOD和POD）活性均降低,且草地贪夜蛾保护酶活性低于斜纹夜蛾;氯虫苯甲酰胺胁迫下草地贪夜蛾保护酶（SOD和POD）活性均上升,高剂量氯虫苯甲酰胺胁迫下2种害虫SOD和CAT活性均高于低剂量胁迫处理,且草地贪夜蛾SOD和CAT活性高于斜纹夜蛾。2种害虫体内保护酶和解毒酶活性对2类杀虫剂响应差异明显,且物种、药剂、浓度、时间、物种×浓度和药剂×浓度因素对2种害虫保护酶和解毒酶活性均有极显著影响（P<0.01）。2类杀虫剂胁迫下2种害虫的SOD和CAT活性间相关性较强。【结论】草地贪夜蛾对甲维盐的敏感性高于斜纹夜蛾,而对氯虫苯甲酰胺的敏感性低于斜纹夜蛾,且2种害虫均主要通过增强CYP450活性对杀虫剂进行解毒代谢。农业生产上推荐使用甲维盐作为防治草地贪夜蛾的药剂。 相似文献
9.
抗高效氯氟氰菊酯甜菜夜蛾近等基因系的交互抗性和种群适合度 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
测定了对高效氯氟氰菊酯不同抗性水平的近等基因系高抗种群（NILs-RR）和低抗种群（NILs-RS）对13种杀虫剂的交互抗性，结果表明高抗种群对高效氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯、甲氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯的交互抗性倍数在15.2～92.6之间；对氟虫腈，阿维菌素、灭多威和甲胺基阿维菌素也存在14.1～67.5倍的较高交互抗性；而对毒死蜱、溴虫腈、虫酰肼及辛硫磷的交互抗性较低，在3.0～7.6倍之间。低抗种群对氟虫腈和阿维菌素存在较明显的交互抗性，在13.3～14.3倍之间；对高效氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、灭多威、溴虫腈和甲胺基阿维菌素有一定程度的交互抗性（5.8～9.9倍）；对高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和甲氰菊酯的交互抗性较低（2.6～2.9倍）；对辛硫磷、毒死蜱和虫酰肼则没有明显的交互抗性（1.7～1.8倍）。对构建的甜菜夜蛾敏感种群（SS）、近等基因系高效氯氟氰菊酯抗性种群(NILs-RR)和近等基因系低抗性种群(NILs-RS)生命表分析表明，以SS种群为参比，NILs-RS、NILs-RR种群的相对适合度分别为0.870、0.893，抗高效氯氟氰菊酯不同基因型甜菜夜蛾SS，NILs-RS和NILs-RR三种群净增殖率分别为624.7, 543.6和557.8，无显著差异，表明高效氯氟氰菊酯的抗药性未引发甜菜夜蛾适合度变化。综合上述研究结果可见甜菜夜蛾对高效氯氟氰菊酯产生抗药性后，与其它菊酯类药剂、氟虫腈和阿维菌素存在较高水平交互抗性，此类药剂间不宜混用或轮用；与辛硫磷、毒死蜱和虫酰肼的交互抗性均较低，可以混用或轮用。在高抗地区也可以通过引入敏感种群进行抗性稀释的方法治理甜菜夜蛾对菊酯类杀虫剂的抗性。 相似文献
10.
【目的】明确噻虫嗪对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens的抗药性及解毒代谢酶活性的影响。【方法】采用稻苗浸渍法测定褐飞虱温室种群对吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、噻嗪酮和毒死蜱的抗药性,以及对新型防控药剂氟啶虫胺腈和三氯苯嘧啶的敏感性;研究增效剂胡椒基丁醚(PBO)、马来酸二乙酯(DEM)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)对噻虫嗪的增效作用;测定了羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和细胞色素P450s酶活性。【结果】褐飞虱种群对噻虫嗪表现出高水平抗性,抗性倍数达到277.92倍,对氟啶虫胺腈和三氟苯嘧啶仍处于敏感水平,对三氟苯嘧啶无交互抗性。PBO对噻虫嗪的增效作用最强,增效倍数为1.99倍。温室抗性种群的细胞色素P450s活性达到4.70×10-3 IU/mg,为室内敏感品系的2.13倍。【结论】细胞色素P450s活性的增强可能是褐飞虱对噻虫嗪产生代谢抗性的主要原因。氟啶虫胺腈和三氟苯嘧啶轮换使用可有效防控褐飞虱。 相似文献
11.
田间灰飞虱抗药性相关细胞色素P450基因和酯酶基因的筛选 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用毒死蜱、吡虫啉和溴氰菊酯等3类不同药剂,通过毒力生测首先确定了田间灰飞虱对杀虫剂的低水平多重抗性特性;其次通过解毒酶活力测定,发现抗性品系的细胞色素P450氧化酶和酯酶明显升高;进而根据灰飞虱转录组数据进行引物设计,通过PCR克隆对转录组中的细胞色素P450及酯酶基因进行验证,在得到53条细胞色素P450基因序列及72条酯酶基因序列的基础上,利用半定量PCR比较这些基因在灰飞虱田间抗性品系和敏感品系间的表达差异。结果发现:细胞色素P450的CYP6家族中有10条,CYP4家族中有6条,这16条基因序列在抗性品系中的表达量明显高于敏感品系;酯酶中也有12条基因系列在抗性品系中的表达量明显高于敏感品系,它们中3条来自羧酸酯酶家族,8条来自磷酸酯酶家族,1条来自其他酯酶家族。提示:解毒酶基因的过量表达是灰飞虱田间低水平多重抗性的主要机制,也是抗药性发展初期的关键因素,利用分子生物学技术进行田间监测,有利于了解田间灰飞虱的抗药性发展。 相似文献
12.
【目的】以世界性害虫马铃薯甲虫（Leptinotarsa decemlineata）为研究对象,筛选其参与噻虫嗪解毒的细胞色素P450主效基因。【方法】于2018、2019年利用点滴法监测新疆察布查尔县、伊宁县、塔城市、乌鲁木齐市和吉木萨尔县11个马铃薯甲虫田间种群对噻虫嗪的抗性水平,并测定分析噻虫嗪LD50处理72 h后成虫中3种主要解毒酶细胞色素P450酶（P450）、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）和酯酶（EST）的活性变化。利用Illumina HiSeqTM 2500 高通量测序技术进行转录组测序,获得抗性和敏感种群之间的差异表达基因（DEG）,运用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）技术验证3个P450基因并分析6个P450基因（CYP4C1、CYP9e2、CYP305a1、CYP9Z25、CYP9Ya和CYP9Yc）在不同种群及噻虫嗪处理后的表达情况。【结果】抗性监测发现,2018年的YN1、URMQ1、TC和QPQL1以及2019年的YN2和JMS种群成虫对噻虫嗪抗性倍数（RR）分别达到5.99、8.81、10.86和20.33倍和11.82、14.05倍,为低至中水平抗性。解毒酶活性测定结果表明,2个敏感种群URMQ2、URMQ3以及2个抗性种群YN2、JMS成虫分别经噻虫嗪LD50处理72 h后其P450活性均显著增加,分别为对照的1.76、2.75、1.91和1.66倍。另外,URMQ3种群的GST（CDNB和DCNB为底物）及URMQ2、YN2种群的EST活性显著升高,分别为对照的1.19、2.10倍和1.35、1.91倍。转录组分析表明,通过合并组装分别获得噻虫嗪敏感和抗性种群样品56 872 051和62 249 136个原始序列数据以及55 903 706和61 082 076个过滤后的序列数据,过滤后的序列长度分别为8.39和9.16 G,碱基错误率均为0.03%。抗性种群中差异表达的P450基因13个,其中2个基因显著上调。3个上调的P450基因CYP4C1、CYP9e2和CYP305a1的qRT-PCR检测结果与转录组测序结果基本一致,qRT-PCR分析还发现CYP9Ya、CYP9Yc、CYP4C1、CYP305a1和CYP9Z25在抗性种群成虫中表达量显著增加,噻虫嗪LD50处理均可引起URMQ2种群4龄幼虫和成虫CYP9Ya、CYP9Yc表达量显著上调。相关性分析发现成虫对噻虫嗪的抗性水平与CYP9Ya表达量呈显著正相关。【结论】CYP9Ya可能在马铃薯甲虫中对噻虫嗪具有重要的解毒作用,其他基因的作用也不能排除。 相似文献
13.
Effect of cytochrome P450 arachidonate metabolites on ion transport in rabbit kidney loop of Henle. 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
In the medullary segment of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (mTALH), arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized by a cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase to products that affect ion transport. The linkage between changes in ion transport and AA metabolism in isolated cells of the mTALH was examined. AA produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of 86Rb uptake--an effect that was prevented by selective blockade of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Inhibition by cytochrome P450 blockade of the effect of AA on 86Rb uptake could be circumvented by addition of the principal products of AA metabolism in the mTALH. 相似文献
14.
Inhibition of liver microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities by alpha-naphthoflavone and by polyclonal antibodies to hydrocarbon-inducible cytochrome P-450E from teleost liver indicated a xenobiotic-induced origin of these activities in the deep-sea fish Coryphaenoides armatus. Specific recognition of a protein by antibodies to P-450E in an immunoblot assay further indicated xenobiotic-induced cytochrome P-450 in these animals. Levels of apparently induced cytochrome P-450 and monooxygenase activity correlated positively with the tissue content of chlorobiphenyls of known inducing activity, implicating such compounds in biochemical effects occurring in the deep ocean. 相似文献
15.
To study insecticidal mechanism of terpinen-4-ol, a main insecticidal composition in the essential oil of Sabina vulgaris, the 5th instar larvae of Mythimna separta, were investigated with terpinen-4-ol by topical application. The activities of phosphatase, glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), cytochrome P450 (P450), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) of tested insects were determined in all poisoning stages, including exciting stage, convulsing stage, paralysis stage, and recover stage. The result showed that the activities of both acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in treated insects were induced by terpinen-4-ol, but ACP was inhibited in paralysis stage. The activities of GSTs were inhibited in exciting stage, convulsing stage, and paralysis stage, but gradually recovered in recover stage. O-demethylase activity of cytochrome P450 was inhibited by terpinen-4-ol, and the inhibition rate in all poisoning stages were 26.27, 46.03, 80.24, and 90.22%, respectively. PPO activities were strongly inhibited by terpinen-4-ol both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the activities of P450, GSTs, and PPO could have relation with toxicity of terpinen-4-ol against larvae of the Mythimna separta, but recover stage of the poisoning insects might be related to GSTs induced. As a new insecticide or synergist, terpinen- 4-ol has a potential value in field of insecticide resistance management. 相似文献
16.
To study insecticidal mechanism of terpinen-4-ol, a main insecticidal composition in the essential oil of Sabina vulgaris, the 5th instar larvae of Mythimna separta, were investigated with terpinen-4-ol by topical application. The activities of phosphatase, glutathione S-transferase （GSTs）, cytochrome P450 （P450）, and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） of tested insects were determined in all poisoning stages, including exciting stage, convulsing stage, paralysis stage, and recover stage. The result showed that the activities of both acid phosphatase （ACP） and alkaline phosphatase （AKP） in treated insects were induced by terpinen-4-ol, but ACP was inhibited in paralysis stage. The activities of GSTs were inhibited in exciting stage, convulsing stage, and paralysis stage, but gradually recovered in recover stage. O-demethylase activity of cytochrome P450 was inhibited by terpinen-4-ol, and the inhibition rate in all poisoning stages were 26.27, 46.03, 80.24, and 90.22%, respectively. PPO activities were strongly inhibited by terpinen-4-ol both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the activities of P450, GSTs, and PPO could have relation with toxicity of terpinen-4-ol against larvae of the Mythimna separta, but recover stage of the poisoning insects might be related to GSTs induced. As a new insecticide or synergist, terpinen- 4-ol has a potential value in field of insecticide resistance management. 相似文献
17.
Biochemical Mechanism of Chlorantraniliprole Resistance in the Diamondback Moth,Plutella xylostella Linnaeus 
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下载免费PDF全文 HU Zhen-di FENG Xia LIN Qing-sheng CHEN Huan-yu LI Zhen-yu YIN Fei LIANG Pei GAO Xi-wu 《农业科学学报》2014,13(11):2452-2459
The insecticide chlorantraniliprole exhibits good efficacy and plays an important role in controlling the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella Linnaeus. However, resistance to chlorantraniliprole has been observed recently in some field populations. At present study, diamondback moths with resistance to chlorantraniliprole (resistant ratio (RR) was 82.18) for biochemical assays were selected. The assays were performed to determine potential resistance mechanisms. The results showed that the selected resistant moths (GDLZ-R) and susceptible moth could be synergized by known metabolic inhibitors such as piperonyl butoxide (PBO), triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and diethyl-maleate (DEM) at different levels (1.68–5.50-fold and 2.20–2.89-fold, respectively), and DEM showed the maximum synergism in both strains. In enzymes assays, a high level of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) was observed in the resistant moth, in contrast, moths that are susceptible to the insecticide had only 1/3 the GST activity of the resistant moths. The analysis of short-term exposure of chlorantraniliprole on biochemical response in the resistant strain also showed that GST activity was significantly elevated after exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of chlorantraniliprole (about 1/3 LC50, 12 mg L−1) 12 and 24 h, respectively. The results show that there is a strong correlation between the enzyme activity and resistance, and GST is likely the main detoxification mechanism responsible for resistance to chlorantraniliprole in P. xylostella L., cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) and carboxy-lesterase (CarE) are involved in to some extent. 相似文献
18.
松油烯-4-醇对粘虫几种代谢酶及酚氧化酶的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
【目的】探讨杀虫植物砂地柏Sabina vulgaris精油中主要杀虫成分松油烯-4-醇的作用机理。【方法】以点滴法处理粘虫5龄幼虫后,测定兴奋期、痉挛期、麻痹期及复苏期等4个中毒阶段试虫体内4种代谢酶及酚氧化酶（PPO）的活性。【结果】松油烯-4-醇仅在麻痹期对酸性磷酸酯酶（ACP）具有一定的抑制作用,而在其它时期均可明显激活ACP及碱性磷酸酯酶（AKP）;对谷胱甘肽S转移酶（GSTs）则表现出先抑制后恢复的趋势;可显著抑制细胞色素P450 O-脱甲基活性,各中毒阶段酶抑制率分别为26.27%、46.03%、80.24%和90.22%;离体和活体条件下,均可显著抑制PPO活性。【结论】松油烯-4-醇对粘虫代谢酶系细胞色素P450、GSTs及PPO的抑制与其毒杀活性有关,而中毒试虫的复苏可能与GSTs活性的恢复有关。该化合物可开发为新型农药或增效剂,在害虫抗性治理中具有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
19.
Characterisation of Neonicotinoid and Pymetrozine Resistance in Strains of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from China 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 RAO Qiong XU Yong-hua LUO Chen ZHANG Hong-yu Christopher M Jones Greg J Devine KevinGorman Ian Denholm 《农业科学学报》2012,11(2):321-326
Four strains of the Q biotype and one of the B biotype of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci collected from China were characterised for resistance to four neonicotinoid insecticides and pymetrozine. Q biotype strains showed moderate to strong resistance to imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and acetamiprid, but little or no cross-resistance to dinotefuron. Resistance to neonicotinoids was consistently associated with resistance to pymetrozine, despite the latter having a distinct (though unresolved) mode of action. The single B biotype strain proved largely susceptible to all the insecticides investigated. Resistance in the Q biotype strains was associated with over-expression of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene, CYP6CM1, whose substrate specificity presumably accounts for the observed cross-resistance profiles. 相似文献