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1.
The goal of the present study was to describe the ultrasonographic findings in 22 cattle with traumatic pericarditis. A 5.0 MHz linear transducer or a 5.0 MHz convex transducer was used to examine the thorax, reticulum and liver. There was severe pleural effusion in 17 heifers and severe pericardial effusion in 13 animals. Echogenic deposits and strands of fibrin were seen on the epicardium of 7 animals. Eighteen cattle had signs of traumatic reticuloperitonitis, and 11 had ascites. Because of cardiac insufficiency, 14 cattle had a markedly enlarged liver due to congestion and 15 had dilatation of the caudal vena cava. Ultrasonography is a useful diagnostic aid for visualisation and characterisation of thoracic and abdominal lesions in cattle with traumatic pericarditis.  相似文献   

2.
Protection against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and ability to transmit FMD virus to susceptible contact animals were studied in cattle vaccinated three times in annual field campaigns with the Dutch trivalent vaccine. Eighty vaccinated cattle and 16 susceptible controls were intranasally exposed to an aerosol containing a homologous FMD challenge virus (O1 BFS, A10 Holland or C1 Detmold) or a heterologous virus (A5 Modena or C1 Modena). The day after exposure, vaccinated cattle were stabled individually with an FMD-susceptible contact. All cattle challenged with an homologous virus strain at one year (20 head), at two years (10 head) and at three years (30 head) after the last vaccination were protected against the development of clinical signs of disease; one, zero and five cattle of these groups, respectively, transmitted virus to their contacts. In each group, approximately two out of three exposed cattle had virus-positive oropharyngeal fluid samples and seroconverted. The amount of virus recovered from probang samples increased with the time since the last vaccination. Mean antibody titres of cattle that had not been vaccinated for three consecutive years did not change significantly over the last two-year period. All 10 cattle challenged with the vaccine strain-related C1 Modena virus were protected against clinical disease, whereas three out of 10 challenged with the heterologous A5 Modena strain virus one year after the last vaccination contracted FMD and transmitted the virus. Five others (four in the C1 group and one in the A5 group) spread the virus to their contacts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

3.
Forty seven of 150, 15-month-old long weaners died of an acute renal disease syndrome following introduction into an old maize field with a heavy stand of Amaranthus spp. The clinical syndrome was characterised by sudden onset neurological disease with ataxia and recumbency. Subcutaneous oedema, ascites and perirenal oedema with urine odour were the major gross necropsy findings. Renal histopathology revealed marked coagulative renal tubular necrosis of the proximal and distal straight tubules with intertubular haemorrhage. Acute renal failure and perirenal oedema has been described in cattle, pigs, horses and sheep associated with the ingestion of A. hybridus L. and A. retroflexus L. This perirenal oedema syndrome has been widely reported in the Americas, while in South Africa intoxication with the amaranths has only previously been associated with nitrate and possibly oxalate poisoning in cattle.  相似文献   

4.
[目的]为研究与集成配套张掖金牛绿色饲养技术.[方法]综合运用肉牛饲养学、动物疫病流行病学、动物环境卫生与畜舍建筑学、肉牛营养学、动物饲料加工学、动物传染病学等学科理论及有关生产绿色畜产品的法规、规范和标准,从张掖金牛产地环境、生产环境、牛舍设计和建筑、张掖金牛绿色饲草料科学配制等14个关键环节进行了研究.[结果]集成了11个有关绿色畜产品肉牛生产的单项技术及1项原则和1项规定,组装配套成为张掖金牛绿色饲养技术.[结论]张掖金牛绿色饲养技术顺应当今消费者追求绿色食品的潮流,示范推广前景广阔.  相似文献   

5.
In 1987 a serological survey of cattle for antibodies (Ab) to bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) was undertaken in British Columbia and southwestern Alberta after infection with the viruses was diagnosed in wild and domestic ruminants in the Okanagan Valley. Of 4610 cattle tested, five had Ab only to BTV, 125 had antibodies only to EHDV and 16 had Ab to both viruses. The Ab were identified as specific for BTV type 11 (BT-11) or EHDV type 2 (EHDV-2). All but one of the seropositive cattle originated in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia. The remaining one seropositive animal which had Ab to EHDV-2 was pastured with a bull purchased from the Okanagan Valley.  相似文献   

6.
Parvaquone was used to treat 126 cattle with theileriosis. Theileria species schizonts were present in their lymph node biopsy smears and the majority of the animals had clinical signs of theileriosis. One hundred and fifteen treated and one untreated cattle survived the infection while 11 treated and 12 untreated animals died of the disease. Despite serological evidence of a parasite challenge during the subsequent rainy season, recovered cattle did not develop clinical signs of theileriosis but untreated cattle in the area continued to die from the disease. An intermittent low piroplasm parasitaemia (less than 1 per cent) was observed in recovered cattle for up to 14 months after detailed monitoring of cattle in the trial; this could be evidence for a carrier status for the Theileria species or strains involved.  相似文献   

7.
Investigations were carried out in 1975, 1976 and 1977 in 16 dairy herds where leptospiral abortions were suspected and in five other herds where clinical disease was not present. Both Leptospira interrogans serovars pomona and hardjo were isolated from cattle in herds with leptospirosis, but only pomona was recovered from those that had aborted. There was no evidence that hardjo caused clinical disease in dairy cattle in the Waikato district. It was found that 73% of the cows that aborted and 19% of other animals in the same herds had microscopic agglutination test titres to pomona of 1:2,000 or greater. By contrast, only 2% of cattle in herds without clinical evidence of leptospirosis had such titres. One cow retained a titre of 1:2,000 or greater to pomona for 7 months; titres of this order had a shorter duration in other cows. Leptospiruria occurred in 50% of cows that had aborted and in 9% of in-contact cows in the same herds. Only 0.7% of cows had leptospiruria in the herds with no clinical disease. Ten of 35 cows shedding pomona still had leptospiruria one month later. It was concluded that clinical leptospirosis should be diagnosed by testing a sample of the herd, rather than just individual cows, because of the variability and persistence of leptospiruria and serological titres in cows with and without clinical signs. Although hardjo is common in cattle in the Waikato district, it was not found to cause abortion in cattle.  相似文献   

8.
Case records of adult dairy cattle with abomasal ulcers admitted to the University of Pennsylvania from 1968 through 1980 were evaluated. Of 6,385 adult dairy cattle admitted during that period, 69 had abomasal ulcers of clinical importance. Of 43 ulcers that had perforated, 17 were associated with local peritonitis and 22 were associated with diffuse peritonitis; 4 had perforated so recently that peritonitis had not had time to develop. Perforated ulcers were found in 40 cows that had recently calved (32 cows with ulcers that had perforated within 4 weeks after calving) and often had concurrent disease(s) (39 cows with at least one other disease). Ten cows with local peritonitis survived, whereas only 2 of the cows with diffuse peritonitis survived.  相似文献   

9.
托克逊县是牛环形泰勒虫病的疫区之一,准确诊断以及有效治疗是防控该病的要点。论文采用流行病学调查、实验室方法检测和临床诊断的方法综合确诊45头舍饲患牛作为研究对象。将45头阳性牛随机分为西药治疗组、中药治疗组以及空白组,按1、2、3、4、5d以及1周,分别对每组患牛进行临床症状观察、体温测定、血涂片观察、染虫率统计,评价治疗效果。结果表明,托克逊县夏乡5个镇散养户的194头牛血液涂片中62份有环形泰勒虫虫体;PCR检测有57份DNA样品得到与预期结果相同的534bp条带;临床诊断有45头牛表现为牛环形泰勒虫病症状;西药治疗组治愈率为93.33%(14/15)明显高于中药治疗组治愈率为73.33%(11/15)。西药组对于治疗环形泰勒虫病具有显著的效果,可为新疆有效治疗环形泰勒虫病提供参考。  相似文献   

10.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies against Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cattle was evaluated in three herds known to have Johne's disease. Prior to testing, the plasma was absorbed with dried Mycobacterium phlei in order to remove cross-reacting antibody specificities. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA were calculated after repeatedly testing 327 cattle in the infected herds. Of these, 53 animals had one or more positive faecal cultures or had post-mortem histopathological evidence of infection. The other 274 had three or more negative faecal culture results, and were regarded as non-infected for the purpose of evaluation of the ELISA. Using these criteria for the presence or absence of infection, the M. phlei-absorbed ELISA under field conditions had a 57% sensitivity and a 98.9% specificity. The sensitivity of the absorbed ELISA depended on the stage of disease of the animal under test. In general, it appeared that animals in the more advanced stages of disease were absorbed ELISA positive, whereas those in the early stages of infection were not detected. These results indicate that the M. phlei-absorbed ELISA has an important role as a test for the diagnosis and control of Johne's disease in cattle.  相似文献   

11.
Results of necropsy examinations of 297 bovine carcasses with naturally occurring disease caused by Haemophilus somnus infection, and necropsied at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine in the period from 1970 to 1990, were analyzed with reference to the ages of affected cattle, seasonal occurrence of disease, the relative frequency of encephalitis, pneumonia, and myocarditis, and interrelationships among these conditions. The cattle came from 177 separate herds in the province of Saskatchewan. There was a range in age from one week to 10 years, and a mean age of 38 weeks. The diseases had a marked seasonal fall and winter incidence. The data indicated a trend characterized by an increasing percentage of cattle with pneumonia and myocarditis and a decreasing percentage with encephalitis during the period.  相似文献   

12.
2009年4月及6月间,荣成市某肉牛场8月龄左右的育肥牛先后两次爆发疫病,均发生在新购买牛后不久。在流行病学调查的基础上,对采集的病料进行病原分离鉴定,并对病原进行了药敏试验。结果表明,该牛场发病是由长途运输应激引起,病原分别为多杀性巴氏杆菌和产气巴氏杆菌,此类菌对头孢菌素和土霉素较为敏感,经治疗,该牛场病情得到控制。  相似文献   

13.
Epidemiologic indicators associated with within-farm infection of Johne's disease in dairy farms in Japan were determined through a nationwide investigation of infected farms. We assumed that subsequent detection of the disease within one year after the first detection could represent the occurrence of within-farm spread occurring before the first detection. Of 594 infected farms, 158 farms (27%) had at least one additional detection. Logistic regression analysis using epidemiologic information obtained from infected farms at the time of the first detection revealed three epidemiologic indicators associated with subsequent detection. Farms at which the first cases included cattle with clinical signs were 3.8 (95% confidence interval: 2.2, 6.8) times more likely to have additional detections than those with cattle without clinical signs. Similarly, farms where two or more cattle were detected at the time of first detection and where cattle were held in a loose housing system were 2.8 (95% CI: 1.8, 4.5) and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.1, 3.6) times more likely to have additional detections than those where only one animal was detected and a tied-up housing system was used, respectively. These epidemiologic indicators are likely important determinants in the selection of farms requiring more intensive on-farm control measures.  相似文献   

14.
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15.
Following reports of findings of ovine foot-rot flora in the feet of cattle, a study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Bacteroides nodosus infection in the apparently normal cattle population. We found that 34.5 to 74.2 per cent of the animals examined on different farms had B nodosus present in one or more feet. B nodosus was not the most prevalent bacterium observed in smears from cattle. Other Gram negative species including Fusiformis necrophorus and many Gram positive cocci and coccobacilli were also present. Macroscopic lesions in the interdigital skin characterised by erosion and hyperkeratosis were usually associated with the occurrence of B nodosus. B nodosus isolated from cattle induced mild interdigital dermatitis in experimental cattle and sheep and the infection was transmitted to recipient cattle and sheep under field conditions. Virulent foot-rot of sheep was not transmitted to recipient cattle in conditions where the disease spread to susceptible sheep.  相似文献   

16.
Twenty-five of 50 randomly selected tuberculin-reacting cattle were confirmed as tuberculous in the laboratory. All 25 cattle had macroscopic lesions in lymph nodes associated with the respiratory tracts but only one had lung lesions. M bovis was isolated from the anterior respiratory tracts in the heads of four of the 25 tuberculous animals and from a nostril lesion found in a fifth. For at least three of these five animals, the intervals between the final tuberculin test and their previously negative tests indicated that infection had established relatively rapidly. Four of them had been tuberculin tested solely because they were animals in contiguous 'at risk' herds. It would appear that although M bovis can be isolated from the anterior respiratory tracts in the heads of tuberculin-reacting cattle, it is unlikely that primary foci of infection exist in regions other than the lungs or associated tissues. The study demonstrates the potential for reactors with lesions to excrete M bovis and the continued importance of infected cattle in the epidemiology and eradication of the disease.  相似文献   

17.
2011年4月份,河北省某地一些鸭场饲养的20～45日龄的樱桃谷肉鸭发生了以腹腔中充满大量清亮、茶色或啤酒样腹水为主要病变特征的疾病,即鸭腹水综合征。采集两个不同日龄的病死鸭肝脏样品,接种SPF鸭胚进行病毒分离,获得两个病毒分离物（HB01和HB02）。这两个病毒分离物对鸡、鸭和鹅的红细胞均无血凝活性。RT-PCR或PCR检测表明,HB01和HB02中鸭肝炎病毒检测为阳性,而鸭呼肠孤病毒、鸭圆环病毒、鸭黄病毒等检测均为阴性。将HB02接种5日龄SPF鸭,致死率为40%;对20日龄的鸭不致死。HB02分离物中鸭肝炎病毒的序列分析表明其与鸭肝炎病毒NA株及弱毒疫苗株C80和F64遗传距离较近。根据试验结果,推测鸭肝炎病毒可能是诱发本次鸭腹水综合症的因素之一。  相似文献   

18.
Fifty-nine Hereford cattle susceptible to tick-borne diseases were used as tracer animals to assess the tick challenge and pathogenicity of Theileria parva under field conditions in Zimbabwe. They were moved periodically in groups of five to three commercial farms (one group consisted of four) during seasons of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus nymphal and adult activity. All tracer cattle were herded together with the farm cattle but were not dipped. The nymphal tick counts were high on two of the farms (up to 2000 per animal) but were very low on the third farm (less than ten per animal). On the three farms, 19 out of 24 (76%) tracers had patent Theileria schizonts. There was a range of clinical manifestations of theileriosis with acute and fatal infections occurring on one farm. The adult R. appendiculatus infestations during the wet season numbered 120-800 per animal on the three farms. The disease transmitted by the adults was very pathogenic on the three farms; 30 out of 35 (86%) had severe theileriosis infections. Cattle, which survived the nymphal diseases challenge, showed various degrees of immunity to subsequent T. parva challenge transmitted by adult ticks. Therefore, 13 out of 18 (72%) of these cattle had a second disease episode and the case fatality rate on the three farms was 46%. The factors which determined the epidemiological status of Theileria challenge on the farms, such as the farming systems and presence of wild animals, are discussed.  相似文献   

19.
Increased pulmonary arterial pressures as a result of pulmonary disease are described in two cows with chronic pneumonia and one cow with acute pneumonia. Based on clinical signs of congestive right heart failure, increased pulmonary arterial pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy, cor pulmonale was diagnosed in one cow. Two cows had increased pulmonary arterial pressure and signs of right heart insufficiency, but right ventricular hypertrophy was not identified. Two of the cows had ventral edema and exercise intolerance. All cows had jugular venous distention and increased right atrial and pulmonary arterial pressures. Peripheral arterial PaO2 was decreased in two cows, and not measured in the third cow. Although an uncommon cause of congestive heart failure in cattle at low altitudes, pulmonary hypertension should be considered in cattle with clinical right heart failure.  相似文献   

20.
Hydatid disease in beef cattle has been reported to be widespread throughout Australia, but cattle bred and raised in the Northern Territory were previously believed to be free of the disease. Between 2010 and 2016, 1061 cattle from the Northern Territory were slaughtered at a New South Wales abattoir and inspected for hydatid disease. The proportion of cattle reported infected with hydatid disease was 3.5%. Individual cattle identification numbers indicated that the cattle included in the study had most likely remained within the Northern Territory from birth until immediately prior to slaughter, so were assumed to have become infected within the region. We suspect that the sylvatic cycle of Echinococcus granulosus transmission could be responsible for infection of cattle in this region.  相似文献   

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