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1.
袁伟 《林业机械与木工设备》2008,36(10)
"人"是生产力要素中最活跃的因素,人的全面发展是社会物质文明和精神文明发展的前提和基础,是企业发展的根本力量.企业的竞争说到底是人才的竞争,如何坚持以人为本实现企业员工的全面发展是摆在我们面前的重要课题. 相似文献
2.
浅谈工程造价的预结算审核 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
工程造价的预结算审核是合理确定工程造价的必要程序及重要手段.本文从工程造价中存在的问题,工程造价审核的内容、方法等三个方面论述了工程造价及其预结算的审核工作过程. 相似文献
3.
随着我国社会主义市场的进一步开放,国外企业会越多地进入我国。同时,国内大批民营、私营企业也加剧了人才资源的竞争,这样势必要出现激烈的人才竞争。在这场竞争中,受到冲击最大的将会是国有企业。因此,如何应对这场激烈的竞争,笔者谈三点看法。1提供优良企业环境,吸引、留住人才1)要从观念上树立人才是国企最宝贵资源的思想,大力宣传其重大意义和价值,切实形成“尊重知识、尊重人才”的良好氛围,形成“人才以企业发展为己任、企业靠吸引人才而发展”的双赢互动局面。2)要有一番事业和天地让人才发挥作用,施展才华。要靠事业留住人,让人才… 相似文献
4.
人才优势将是竞争服务外包的关键 据有关部门调查,在28个低工资国家中,能够承担服务外包的专业人士约3300多万,是发达国家的两倍.但是,这3300多万人中仅有13%的人适合为跨国公司工作,即很少一部分人可能成功地被外国公司雇佣. 相似文献
5.
6.
由于招投标竞争的日益激烈,加强工程造价控制是目前施工企业提高经济效益的重要手段。本文指出:提高工程管理人员的经济意识和制定合理的施工工期是控制工程造价的有效手段。 相似文献
7.
当今世界，经济的竞争，说到底是人才的竞争。乡镇林业站（场、回）要在竞争中立于不败之地，科技人才是关键。这些年来，各级领导十分重视人才的引进和培养，在一定程度上缓解了人才不足的矛盾。但人才的供求矛盾储存然突出，已成为制约乡镇林业站（场、回）发展壮大的重要因素。一、人才总量不足。近年来，我市通过对人才资源的积极培养，合理开发，大力引进，科技人员的数量有了明显增长。在乡镇林业站（场、回）现有科技人员中，有技术职称的76人，其中中级以上职称4人，助理级26人，员级46人。中级科技人员的比例们少直接在生产第一线… 相似文献
8.
吴战波 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,24(6):70-71
入世后随着保险业的开放,保险公司面临着来自外国保险公司的全面竞争,而人才是竞争的根本.从战略高度重视保险公司人力资源的开发与管理,构建有效的激励体系和灵活的用人机制,通过持续的人力资源开发与培训,实现人力资源增值,成为我国保险公司创造核心竞争力的现实选择. 相似文献
9.
国际上经济竞争是科技的竞争，科技竞争主要是人才的竞争，没有一支高水平的人才队伍一切都是空的。要增强我国林业在国际学术界的地位，在主要学科领域跟上世界发展的步伐，在一些基础较好的学科领域有所创新、有所建树，增强林业科学技术在解决国民经济和社会发展中重大问题的能力，必须造就和培养适应事业发展的人才，本文试从世界林业科技发展的特点分析我国林业高等院校人才的培养。 相似文献
10.
当今世界科学技术迅猛发展,知识经济初露端倪,各国之间的经济竞争和综合国力竞争日趋激烈,人才和科技日益成为衡量经济实力和综合国力的关键因素。经济竞争和综合国力的竞争,归根到底是人才的竞争,在相当程度上也是劳动者整体素质的竞争。职业教育培养的是在第一线从事生产、服务、管理的各类实用人才和熟练劳 相似文献
11.
A major problem for small farmers in the semi-arid tropics is the chronic shortage of fodder for draft animals. Leucaena leucocephala has improved productivity in many places in India and in various cropping systems, usually as either a pure crop or in a
hedgerow alley-cropping configuration. Mixed cropping with arboreal forms is seldom seen. For off-season fodder production,
hedgerows have the disadvantage of being open to unmanaged browsing when unfenced (as is usual). Arboreal forms are generally
far less vulnerable.
In this paper, the components of production of sorghum and arboreal Leucaena are measured under different intensities of canopy lopping. The most productive management system of those examined was pollarding
of the Leucaena at the time of under-sowing with sorghum. In a year with less than 50% of average seasonal rainfall, this system gave a yield
of 4.6 tonnes/ha/yr fresh wt fodder and 3.8 tonnes/ha/yr dry wt. of fuel harvests, while increasing the standing crop of wood
by 1.8 t/ha/yr and retaining a yield of sorghum grain equivalent to 46% of pure sorghum cropping; the LER of this system was
1.35.
Cash values of the alternative management systems were estimated, including the discounted Net Present Value of the standing
crop of timber. Maximum value was attained with unlopped pure crop Leucaena followed by pollarded Leucaena with sorghum; pure crop sorghum achieved a lower value.
These results demonstrate both the high productivity of Leucaena/sorghum based systems, and the stability of production even in poor rainfall conditions. Pollarding transferred the high
future value of Leucaena timber to the present value of sorghum grain and fuelwood. 相似文献
12.
Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
13.
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
15.
《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(2-3):133-146
Abstract A sustainable use of forests may be conceived of differently by different scientific disciplines. An underlying definition of sustainability is therefore central to the understanding of any analysis on the subject. This paper approaches the idea of sustainability from an economic perspective. The interpretation of sustainability in terms of concepts such as efficiency, equity and welfare are initially described. Empirical research aiming at obtaining basic elements of economic sustainability analyses is subsequently outlined. Finally, the implications for applied welfare and sustainability analysis at different economic and geographical levels of aggregation are discussed 相似文献
16.
Marcelo de Carvalho Alves Fábio Moreira da Silva Edson Ampélio Pozza Marcelo Silva de Oliveira 《Journal of pest science》2009,82(2):137-148
The advent of Precision Agriculture has made possible the analysis of complex spatial patterns of plant disease epidemiology
considering statements of integrated disease management. The objective of this work was to use geostatistics, statistics and
geographical information systems to characterize the structure and magnitude of spatial dependency of rust (Hemileia vastatrix) and brown eye spot (Cercospora coffeicola) incidence and severity in coffee agroecosystem cultivated with Catuai Vermelho IAC-99 (Coffea arabica L.). Evaluations of incidence and severity of rust and brown eye spot were accomplished at 67 georeferenced points arranged
in 6.6202 ha of coffee crop, in the years of 2005, 2006 and 2007. Exponential models of covariance enabled the characterization
of the magnitude and structure of rust and brown eye spot spatial variability in the evaluated dates. Ordinary block kriging
presented satisfactory performance to map rust and brown eye spot outbreaks based on kriging error coefficients. Kriged maps
enabled the visualization of intensity of rust and brown eye spot in each evaluation date. Assessments of incidence and severity
presented highly statistical correlation based on linear regression models, also confirmed by the spatial variability of kriging
maps. Kriging maps of rust and brown eye spot enabled to observe that intensity of disease was dispersed in foci patterns
along the coffee plantation, indicating that the current strategy of disease control based in total area may be replaced by
site specific disease management, with less environmental impact and sustainability of coffee crop, according to statements
of integrated disease management and precision agriculture. 相似文献
17.
Nutrient and hydrologic cycles in harvested native forests in southern Australia are largely balanced. For example, we have
little or no evidence of any decline in nutrient capital or availability in harvested forests. Short-term and small-scale
reductions in evapotranspiration due to loss of leaf area after harvesting are adequately balanced at the landscape scale
by large areas of regenerating or older-age forest. In contrast, agricultural systems on similar soils are a) dependent on
large inputs of fertilisers to maintain growth and b) frequently subject to increasing salinity and waterlogging or other
forms of degradation. The large-scale replacement of long-lived communities of perennial and often deep- rooting native species
with annual crops or other communities of shallow-rooting species might be better managed within the framework of knowledge
developed from studies of native plant communities. However, application of such a mimic concept to systems of low natural
productivity is limited when agricultural systems require continued high productivity. Nonetheless, the mimic concept may
help in developing sustainable management of agriculture on marginal lands, and contribute to the nutritional resilience of
agroecosystems. Relevant characteristics for mimic agroecosystems in south western Australia include: high species diversity,
diversity of rooting attributes, utilisation of different forms of nutrients (especially of N and P) in space and time, and
the promotion of practices which increase soil organic matter content.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
18.
Native woody species regeneration in exotic tree plantations at Munessa-Shashemene Forest,southern Ethiopia 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Regeneration of native woody species was studied in the plantations and the adjacent natural forest at Munessa-Shashemene Forest Project Area, Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that tree plantations foster regeneration of native woody species. A total of 60 plots, having 10 × 10 m area each, were studied in monoculture plantations of 4 exotic species (Cupressus lusitanica, Eucalyptus globulus, E. saligna, Pinus patula) and an adjacent natural forest. Ages of the plantations ranged between 9 and 28 years. Soil seed bank analysis was also undertaken from soil samples collected in each of the 60 plots to examine the similarity between the soil seed flora and aboveground vegetation. A total of 56 naturally regenerated woody species were recorded beneath all plantation stands with densities ranging between 2300 and 18650 individuals / ha in different stands. There was a significant difference among plantation stands with regard to understorey density (standard deviation: 4836 ± 1341). Vegetation diversity was assessed through analyses of floristic composition, species richness and abundance. Generally, seedling populations were the most abundant components of the regeneration in most of the plantation stands, forming 68 % of the total regeneration count in all stands. A total of 77 plant species represented by 44 herbs, 13 woody species, 8 grasses and 12 unidentified species were recorded in the soil seed bank from all stands. Similarity between the soil seed bank and aboveground flora was very low implying that the role of soil seed banks is negligible rather dispersal plays an important role in the process of regeneration. These results support the concept that forest plantations can foster the regeneration of native woody species, thereby increasing biological diversity, provided that there are seed sources in the vicinity of the plantations. 相似文献
19.
Trees and shrubs as sources of fodder in Australia 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
E. C. Lefroy P. R. Dann J. H. Wildin R. N. Wesley-Smith A. A. McGowan 《Agroforestry Systems》1992,20(1-2):117-139
Experience with browse plants in Australia is briefly reviewed in terms of their forage value to animals, their economic value to the landholder and their ecological contribution to landscape stability. Of the cultivated species only two have achieved any degree of commercial acceptance (Leucaena leucocephala and Chamaecytisus palmensis). Both of these are of sufficiently high forage value to be used as the sole source of feed during seasonal periods of nutritional shortage. Both are also leguminous shrubs that establish readily from seed. It is suggested that a limitation in their present use is the reliance on stands of single species which leaves these grazing systems vulnerable to disease and insects. Grazing systems so far developed for high production and persistence of cultivated species involve short periods of intense grazing followed by long periods of recovery. Similar management may be necessary in the arid and semi-arid rangelands where palatable browse species are in decline. 相似文献
20.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(4):377-384
The objective of this study was to predict the amount and the distribution of compression wood (CW) within a Norway spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst.] plank based on green plank curvature. The findings indicated a possibility of predicting the longitudinal distribution of CW from the green plank curvature. Areas free from CW showed a typical concave shape in relation to the centre of the log, while CW was present when a convex shape was shown. The larger the magnitude of convex curvature, the higher the concentrations of CW that could be found, and a larger fraction of dried planks was rejected due to excessive warp. This study also determined what information can be used to eliminate areas of high concentrations of CW by cutting and how cutting affects the grading results with respect to warp. Over 50% of the plank length showing a high concentration of CW (>30% of the cross-cut volume) was successfully cut off. Cutting strategies based on predicted CW concentrations resulted in a 10-40% increase in accepted plank length. 相似文献