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1.
U Biermann W Herbst T Schliesser 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1990,103(3):88-90
The tenacity of viruses in liquid manure of cattle was examined in a total of five samples inoculated with ECBO-virus (strain LCR-4) representing viruses without envelope and Aujeszky virus (field isolate) representing enveloped viruses. The titers were examined at regular intervals over a period of 26 weeks. On the day of inoculation each sample had a titer of 10(5) ID50/ml. After 16 weeks complete inactivation was observed in the Aujeszky virus sample stored at 20 degrees C. The Aujeszky virus sample wich was kept at 4 degrees C at 26 weeks had a titer of 10(1,75) ID50/ml. In the samples inoculated with ECBO virus after 26 weeks of inoculation a titer of 10(3) ID50/ml was found in the manure stored at 20 degrees C. No influence on the virus titers in the liquid manure samples was observed either from pH or the number of bacteria (3,4 x 10(7)-1.16 x 10(8)/ml during the examination period. 相似文献
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Duck adenovirus (Cornell strain) was propagated in duck and chicken embryo cells at 37.5 C and at 40 C. In duck cells, virus levels, as indicated by HA titers, peaked earlier at 40 C than at 37.5 C. High titers were eventually observed in duck cells at both temperatures. In chicken embryo fibroblasts, no titers were observed at 37.5 C, whereas low titers were observed at 40 C. Evidence of virus propagation was not detected in chicken embryo liver and kidney cells. 相似文献
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鸭源新城疫病毒的分离鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从病死肉鸭肝脏中分离到2株病毒(ZH1、ZH2),均能够凝集鸡、肉鸭、绵羊、山羊、猪、人、兔、牛等的红细胞,且这种血凝性可被NDV标准阳性血清所抑制.参照NDV毒力判定标准及其方法对分离毒株ZH1、ZH2进行了鸡胚最小致死量平均死亡时间(MDT)、鸡胚半数感染量(EID50)以及1日龄鸡脑内接种致病指数(ICPI)测定,结果ZH1、ZH2株的MDT为52 h和44 h,EID50为106.4/0.1mL和108.64/0.1mL,ICPI为1.93和1.975.表明这2株分离病毒均为NDV强毒株. 相似文献
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Ahne W Adrian J Mayr A 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1999,46(1):57-62
The reptilian paramyxovirus GOV replicated in chicken embryo fibroblasts, in embryonated chicken eggs and in explanted chorio-allantoic membrane with titres of up to 10(8.2) TCID50/ml at 28 degrees C. The virus did not multiply above 30 degrees C. GOV re-isolated from the avian host systems was identified by immunofluorescence and by immunogold-electron microscopy. 相似文献
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以正常鸡胚尿囊液和环磷酰胺预处理试验兔, 再以Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒（Ｄｕｃｋ Ｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ Ｖｉｒｕｓ Ｔｙｐｅ Ⅰ, ＤＨＶ Ⅰ） 标准强毒（ＡＴＣＣ, Ｃ９／Ｄ２） 接种后致死鸡胚的尿囊液, 经灭活、乳化制成油佐剂抗原多次免疫试验兔, 获得了鸡胚中和效价（ＥＰＤ５０） 达１∶３２ 以上的兔抗Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒高免血清（ＤＨＶ ⅠＳ） 。 相似文献
6.
An egg-adapted vaccine strain (H120) and an organ culture-passaged field strain (HV-10) of avian infectious bronchitis (AIB) virus were propagated in tracheal organ cultures and their growth kinetics examined using nine-day-old embryonated fowl eggs and chick tracheal explants for virus assay. When the H120 strain was assayed in embryonated eggs, titres were approximately log10 2-0 ID50 (50 per cent infectious dose) per ml higher than when assays were performed in tracheal explants. The HV-10 strain, assayed in tracheal explants, yielded higher titres than did the H120 strain, but when assayed in embryonated eggs, yielded only minimal and variable virus titres. 相似文献
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Serotype 1 of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) adapted to chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) was used for the preparation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen. After several passages of diluted viruses in CEF cultures, the titer of seed virus increased to 1.2 x 10(8) plaque-forming units/ml. Purified virus prepared from this seed virus had high titers of antigen and was less nonspecific than that from low titer of seed virus in an ELISA. The nonspecific reaction of purified virus decreased further after treatment with Triton X-100. When the specificity of this treated antigen was examined with specific-pathogen-free chicken sera before and during lay and with 14 antisera to some major avian viruses, this ELISA antigen had no nonspecific reaction and was specific to antibodies to serotypes 1 and 2 of IBDV. 相似文献
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The hemagglutinating (HA) activity of 14 strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was investigated. The optimal conditions for IBV antigen preparation include inoculation of 10- or 11-day-old specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs and incubation for 30 hours at 37 C. Embryos were inoculated via the allantoic cavity with 0.1 ml of a low embryonic passage of the virus (10(7) to 10(8) EID50/ml). Allantoic fluid was harvested and pooled, and a 100-fold concentration of virus particles was achieved by centrifugation for 3 hours at 30,000 x g. Virus pellets were resuspended in Tris-hydrochloride buffer containing 3 units of phospholipase-C (type-1) enzyme/ml and incubated for 2 hours at 37 C. All IBV strains tested demonstrated positive HA activity with chicken red blood cells. The antigen was stored in liquid state or lyophilized at 4 C. 相似文献
11.
从浙江省某麻鸭养殖基地的产蛋下降病鸭生殖器官内分离到1株致产蛋锐减、不致鸭死亡的病毒,经鉴定该病毒属于禽副黏病毒1型,命名为YH99V株。该毒株经动物回归试验能成功诱导鸭发病并回收同样的病毒,通过SPF鸡胚盲传至第9代时致病性突然增强,第11代出现血凝特性,第15代血凝价趋于稳定,鸡胚半数致死量EF15ELD50为10-4.8。MDT、ICPI和IVPI毒力学指标测定以及毒力相关基因序列结构分析表明,分离株的MDT为112h,ICPI为0.225,IVPI为0.41;YH99 V株F0蛋白裂解位点(112～117位)区域氨基酸推导序列为Gly-Arg-Gln-Gly-Arg-Leu,与弱毒株相一致。证明该毒株为新城疫弱毒株。 相似文献
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In order to determine whether the current field strains of egg drop syndrome (EDS) 1976 viruses adapt to chickens, we compared the growth efficiency of three Japanese field strains (PA-1/79, AWI/98, Gifu/01) in chicken and duck embryo liver cells. The growth efficiency in chicken or duck embryo liver cells was almost similar in these strains. The fiber protein may carry the type-specific antigen and the hemagglutination activity, and hexon protein may contain the subgroup-specific antigenic determinants. Therefore, the fiber head and hexon loop 1 DNA domain sequences of the six Japanese field strains UPA-1/79, ME/80, 44/81, Kyoto/91, AWI/98, Gifu/01) were compared, but these DNA domains were identical among the six field strains. Our data suggested that the EDS virus was maintained without discernible changes for the last two decades in the field. 相似文献
13.
Infectious dose‐dependent accumulation of live highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in chicken skeletal muscle—implications for public health 
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下载免费PDF全文 G. Vasudevan P. R. Vanamayya S. Nagarajan K. Rajukumar S. Suba G. Venketash C. Tosh R. Sood R. H. Nissly S. V. Kuchipudi 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(1):e243-e247
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) of H5N1 subtype are a major global threat to poultry and public health. Export of poultry products, such as chicken and duck meat, is a known source for the cross‐boundary spread of HPAI H5N1 viruses. Humans get infected with HPAI H5N1 viruses either by close contact with infected poultry or through consumption of fresh/undercooked poultry meat. Skeletal muscle is the largest soft tissue in chicken that has been shown to contain virus during systemic HPAIV infection and supports productive virus infection. However, the time between infection of a chicken with H5N1 virus and presence of virus in muscle tissue is not yet known. Further, it is also not clear whether chicken infected with low doses of H5N1 virus that cause non‐fatal subclinical infections continue to accumulate virus in skeletal muscle. We investigated the amount and duration of virus detection in skeletal muscle of chicken experimentally infected with different doses (102, 103 and 104 EID50) of a HPAI H5N1 virus. Influenza viral antigen could be detected as early as 6 hr after infection and live virus was recovered from 48 hr after infection. Notably, chicken infected with lower levels of HPAI H5N1 virus (i.e., 102 EID50) did not die acutely, but continued to accumulate high levels of H5N1 virus in skeletal muscle until 6 days post‐infection. Our data suggest that there is a potential risk of human exposure to H5N1 virus through meat from clinically healthy chicken infected with a low dose of virus. Our results highlight the need to implement rigorous monitoring systems to screen poultry meat from H5N1 endemic countries to limit the global spread of H5N1 viruses. 相似文献
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Plaque-purified and non-plaque-purified velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease viruses (VVNDVs) were inoculated into golden-mantled rosellas (Platycercus eximius). VVNDV produced acute clinical disease in this species: all birds died within 6 days postexposure. There was no difference between the two inoculation groups in clinical signs. Seven tissues and five tissue swabs were collected from each of 15 birds. The VVNDV concentration in each specimen was titrated, and the concentrations were compared. The lung and trachea had the highest concentrations of virus in both the tissue suspensions and the swab suspensions. The average virus concentrations of the lung were 10(5.9) 50% embryo lethal doses (ELD50) per 0.1 ml for the tissue suspension and 10(4.9) for the swab. The average virus concentrations of the trachea were 10(5.6) ELD50 per 0.1 ml of tissue suspension and 10(4.6) for the swab. 相似文献
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根据GenBank上发表的鸭呼肠孤病毒基因组序列,利用生物学软件设计合成内外2对引物,建立了检测番鸭呼肠孤病毒(Muscovy duck reovirus,MDRV)的套式RT-PCR检测方法,并运用建立的检测方法对分离病毒与其他禽病病毒进行检测。结果显示,该方法能从MDRV中扩增到与预期大小相符的特异性目的片段,检测灵敏度达到0.1 pg病毒RNA,对禽呼肠孤病毒(avian reovirus,ARV)、鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)、番鸭细小病毒(Muscovy duck parvovirus,MDPV)、鹅细小病毒(goose parvovirus,GPV)、鸭病毒性肝炎病毒(duck hepatitis virus,DHV)等病毒样品的扩增结果均为阴性。因此,本研究为番鸭呼肠孤病毒病的快速检测及诊断研究提供参考。 相似文献
16.
LIU Yong-fa HUANG Yu-mei ZHANG Zong-yao WAN Hong WANG Mei LV Jia-min LUO Kai-jian 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(8):2176-2182
To investigate the pathogenicity of A/Hero/Guangdong/C1/2013(H5N6), an AIV strain isolated from Heron on ducks and mice, pathogenicity of this new virus strain and changing of histopathology as well as a preliminary study on its biological characteristics were studied by virus challenges test via intranasal and eye-drop and in chicken via jugular vein injection.Results showed that the EID50 of this strain of virus was 10-8.16/0.1 mL in embryonated chicken eggs and the intravenous inoculation of pathogenic index (IVPI) was 2.76.In ducks and mice, the 50% lethal doses (LD50) of it were determined to be 10-4.0/0.2 mL and 10-4.67/0.05 mL, respectively.Symptoms of infection included loss of appetite, depression, swollen head and tears after being infected with 106 EID50 per duck by intranasal and eye-drop administration.Most of ducks died 4 to 7 days post-infection, liver, lung and kidney still eliminated toxicants at day 7 post-infection.Anatomy showed symptoms of pericardial effusion, pulmonary congestion and kidney enlargement, while pathological section showed pathological change like karyopycnosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in heart, liver, kidney and spleen.Mice developed symptoms of infection like loss of appetite, depression, shaggy coat and ruffled coat after being infected with 5×105 EID50 per mouse by intranasal and eye-drop administration.Most of the infected mice died 5 to 7 days post-infection and only liver still eliminated toxicants at day 7 post-infection.Although organ anatomy showed no obvious pathological changes, pathological section showed pathological changes like karyopycnosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in heart, kidney and lung.Our research demonstrated that this H5N6 subtype AIV had a strong pathogenicity and could be defined as a highly pathogenic AIV strain as its IVPI was greater than 1.2.Our work laid a theory foundation for study, prevention and control of H5N6 subtype AIV. 相似文献
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A reverse passive hemagglutination (RPHA) test was developed to detect duck plague virus (DPV). The technique used sheep erythrocytes stabilized with formaldehyde and pyruvaldehyde and coated with immunoglobulin G (IgG) containing anti-DPV antibody prepared from antiserum produced in sheep. Optimum coating of stabilized erythrocytes occurred at 25 C and pH 4.0 with a concentration of IgG of 20-40 micrograms/ml and a 90-min incubation period. The coated cells were stable for 40 days when stored at 4 C or for at least 4 months (the longest period tested) when frozen at -70 C or -196 C. The RPHA test was conducted at 25 C and read after 3 hours. The high specificity of the test is indicated by the absence of cross-reactions with heterologous virus strains, with specimens prepared from normal duck livers, and with normal chicken embryo chorioallantoic fluid, as well as by the inhibition of hemagglutination only with DPV antiserum. The RPHA test detected six strains of DPV in all virus-containing specimens as well as the immunofluorescence (IF) test did; however, conventional plaque assays (PA) failed to detect virus in five specimens that contained three non-plaque-forming strains of DPV. The mean quantity of DPV that could be detected in the RPHA test was 25 plaque-forming units or 65 fluorescent units per ml. Although the RPHA test was less sensitive than either the PA or the IF test, there was a positive correlation in the titers of DPV antigens between all three tests. The RPHA test is a rapid, simple procedure that is sufficiently sensitive for diagnostic detection of DPV in acute infections, especially in tissues of ducks dying of the disease. 相似文献
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为了研究一株从鹭中分离到的禽流感病毒(AIV)A/Heron/Guangdong/C1/2013(H5N6)对鸭和小鼠的致病力,本研究通过对鸭和小鼠滴鼻点眼和鸡的颈静脉注射进行攻毒试验,观察其致病力和组织病理学等变化,对其生物学特性进行初步研究。结果显示,该毒株的鸡胚半数感染量(EID50)为10-8.16/0.1 mL,静脉接种致病指数(IVPI)为2.76。对鸭的半数致死量(LD50)为10-4.0/0.2 mL,对小鼠的LD50为10-4.67/0.05 mL。以106 EID50/只滴鼻点眼感染鸭,主要表现为食欲下降、精神萎靡、肿头流泪等症状,大多数鸭在感染后4~7 d死亡,感染后第7 天肝脏、肺脏、肾脏仍在排毒,解剖可见心包积液、肺脏淤血、肾脏肿大等症状,病理切片可见心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏炎性细胞浸润,脑细胞核固缩等病变。以5×105 EID50/只滴鼻感染小鼠,主要表现为食欲下降、精神萎靡、被毛粗乱、聚堆等症状,大部分小鼠在感染后5~7 d死亡,第7天时只有肺脏仍在排毒,各脏器解剖学病变不明显,病理切片可见心脏、肾脏、肺脏炎性细胞浸润,脑细胞核固缩等病变。研究结果表明,该H5N6亚型AIV毒株对鸭和小鼠具有很强的致病力,IVPI大于1.2,为高致病性AIV,本研究为H5N6亚型AIV研究和防控提供了理论基础。 相似文献
19.
Sá e Silva M Mathieu-Benson C Kwon YK Pantin-Jackwood M Swayne DE 《Avian diseases》2011,55(3):459-461
Two different wild duck species common in Chile and neighboring countries, Chiloe wigeon (Anas sibilatrix) and cinnamon teal (Anas cyanoptera), were intranasally inoculated with 10(6) mean embryo infective dose (EID50) of the H7N3 low pathogenicity (LP) avian influenza virus (AIV) (A/chicken/Chile/176822/02) or high pathogenicity (HP) AIV (A/chicken/Chile/ 184240-1/02), in order to study the infectivity and pathobiology of these viruses. None of the virus-inoculated ducks had clinical signs or died, but most seroconverted by 14 days postinoculation (DPI), indicating a productive virus infection. Both LPAIV and HPAIV were isolated from oral swabs from two of six Chiloe wigeons and from oral and/or cloacal swabs from all five of the cinnamon teal at 2 DPI. Both LPAIV and HPAIV were efficiently transmitted to cinnamon teal contacts but not to Chiloe wigeon contacts. This study demonstrates that the cinnamon teal and Chiloe wigeons were susceptible to infection with both Chilean H7N3 LPAIV and HPAIV, but only the cinnamon teal showed contact transmission of the virus between birds, suggesting that the cinnamon teal has the potential to be a reservoir for these viruses, especially the LPAIV, as was demonstrated in 2001 with isolation of a genetically related H7N3 LPAIV strain in a cinnamon teal in Bolivia. However, the definitive source of the H7N3 Chilean LPAIV still remains unknown. 相似文献