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方格星虫幼体饵料研究 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
以10种饵料投喂方格星虫幼体进行定性和定量试验,实验用的方格星虫幼体是通过人工催产孵化获得。试验结果表明:9种海产单细胞藻类和面包酵母都是方格星虫幼体的良好饵料,其中以扁藻、等鞭金藻、叉鞭金藻、绿色巴夫藻、牟氏角毛藻和三角褐指藻投喂效果最好,星虫幼体日平均生长率达46～52μm,存活率达80%以上。饵料密度对星虫幼体生长及存活的影响明显。饵料密度过低,星虫幼体生长率和存活率都较低;饵料密度过高时,虽然星虫生长率有所提高,但存活率明显下降。扁藻投喂密度以4000～6000cell ml、金藻、角毛藻密度以15000～20000cell ml为宜。初期幼体投喂金藻和角毛藻时,其生长率大于投喂扁藻的生长率;后期幼体投喂扁藻时,幼体生长率反而大于投喂金藻和角毛藻的生长率。因此,初期幼体宜投喂细胞较小的金藻和角毛藻,后期投喂扁藻。 相似文献
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为了解单一饵料或混合投喂对玉足海参(Holothuria leucospilota)幼体生长的影响,采用2种单胞藻(牟氏角毛藻、球等鞭金藻)和2种酵母(酿酒酵母、海洋红酵母)单一或组合搭配投喂玉足海参耳状幼体,测定并比较海参幼体的体长、胃宽、水体腔长、变态成活率等指标。试验结果显示：单一饵料组中,牟氏角毛藻对玉足海参幼体体长的生长及变态存活最有利,而球等鞭金藻对其脏器(胃、水体腔)的发育最有利;综合所有处理组的投喂效果看,混合投喂组比单一饵料组更有利于玉足海参幼体的生长和存活,其中酿酒酵母+海洋红酵母的混合投喂组合得到了最高的体长、胃宽和水体腔长特定生长率,牟氏角毛藻+海洋红酵母投喂组的变态成活率最高,变态发育速度最快。结果表明,在玉足海参幼体培养早期适合以混合酵母为主投喂,后期则可较多投喂牟氏角毛藻和海洋红酵母。 相似文献
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对双齿围沙蚕3刚节疣足幼体(均由同一条沙蚕孵化而来)进行饵料种类试验,共设8组有盐藻、亚心形扁藻、角毛藻、球等鞭金藻、微绿球藻、海洋酵母、空白组和混合组(亚心形扁藻+盐藻+角毛藻);用不同密度的球等鞭金藻开始投喂3刚节疣足幼体(均由同一条沙蚕孵化而来),设置梯度为5×107L-1(cells/L),10×107L-1,15×107L-1,20×107L-1;不同幼体期投沙试验:设置梯度为3刚节疣足幼体期、4刚节疣足幼体期、5刚节疣足幼体期;沙粒试验:设置梯度为细沙(100目过滤)、粗沙(80目过滤)和对照组不投沙。不同饵料种类的投喂试验表明:沙蚕幼体在3刚节末(即体节已发育分化成4节,但疣足和刚毛尚未长出)时开口摄食,此时较佳的饵料是球等鞭金藻、盐藻、角毛藻、海洋酵母和混合藻(亚心形扁藻+盐藻+角毛藻)。以球等鞭金藻为幼体主要饵料进行的不同投喂密度的试验表明:以20×104cell/mL组效果最佳。投沙试验试验结果表明:在3刚节幼体末期投细沙效果最好。 相似文献
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对双齿围沙蚕3刚节疣足幼体(均由同一条沙蚕孵化而来)进行饵料种类试验,共设8组有盐藻、亚心形扁藻、角毛藻、球等鞭金藻、微绿球藻、海洋酵母、空白组和混合组(亚心形扁藻+盐藻+角毛藻);用不同密度的球等鞭金藻开始投喂3刚节疣足幼体(均由同一条沙蚕孵化而来),设置梯度为5×10~4,10×10~4,15×10~4,20×10~4 cell/ml;不同幼体期投沙试验:设置梯度为3、4、5刚节疣足幼体期;沙粒试验:设置梯度为细沙(100目过滤)、粗沙(80目过滤)和对照组不投沙。不同饵料种类的投喂试验表明:沙蚕幼体在3刚节末(即体节已发育分化成4节,但疣足和刚毛尚未长出)时开口摄食,此时较佳的饵料是球等鞭金藻、盐藻、角毛藻、海洋酵母和混合藻(亚心形扁藻+盐藻+角毛藻)。以球等鞭金藻为幼体主要饵料进行的不同投喂密度的试验表明:以20×10~4 cell/ml组效果最佳。投沙试验结果表明:在3刚节幼体末期投细沙效果最好。 相似文献
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采用7种单胞藻饲育杂交海胆浮游幼体以研究其饵料效果。结果表明：简单角刺藻是最佳的饵料品种，牟氏角毛藻稍次之，再次分别为：盐藻，湛江叉鞭金藻。而小新月菱形藻，扁藻，小球藻均不适合作为杂交海胆浮游幼体的饵料。对优选出的几种饵料进行混合投喂时，则以简单角刺藻与盐藻混合的饵料效果最佳。 相似文献
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文章采用湛江叉鞭金藻(Dicrateria zhanjiangensis)、纤细角毛藻(Chaetoceros gracilis)、绿色巴夫藻(Pavlova viridis)、扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)及混合藻(金藻和角毛藻1∶1混合)投喂紫海胆(Anthocidaris crassispina),研究了微藻饵料对紫海胆浮游幼体生长发育的影响。结果表明,不同饵料对紫海胆浮游幼体生长发育的效果有差异,金藻是最佳饵料品种,角毛藻次之,其后分别为巴夫藻、小球藻和混合藻,扁藻不适于作为紫海胆浮游幼体的开口饵料。就饵料种类而言,金藻作为紫海胆浮游幼体饵料的成活率可达(23.12±1.8)%,显著高于其他单胞藻类(P<0.05)。就发育速度而言,以角毛藻和金藻混合喂食的海胆浮游幼体整体发育速度最快,幼体平均体长为(885.25±30.49)μm,显著高于其他5种处理(P<0.05);投喂巴夫藻的浮游幼体前期生长较慢,体长为(337.98±24.56)μm,后期较其他单胞藻类生长快,体长可达(580±32.95)μm,适宜作为紫海胆浮游幼体后期饵料。 相似文献
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S. C. Cary D. L. Leighton C. F. Phleger 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1981,12(1):156-169
The purple-hinge rock scallop is receiving increasing interest as a candidate for commercial mariculture. Hatchery culture of juveniles is prerequisite since natural recruitment of juveniles is variable and not dependable as a source of stock. Success in carrying larvae through metamorphosis has been limited. Critical to larval culture is a sound understanding of optimal food and feeding strategies. Growth and survival were examined in early larvae fed six algal diets at four separate concentrations. The data clearly illustrate the superiority of both Isochrysis galbana and a Tahitian (T) strain of Isochrysis. Feed concentrations of 1 × 105 cells/ml were found to be optimal for these species of Isochrysis. An I. galbana diet supported 80% survival through metamorphosis. The other algae examined included Mono-chrysis lutheri, Rhodomonas sp., Carteria pallida, and a 1:1:1 mixture of Rhodomonas, Monochrysis, and Isochrysis. All these diets supported 5–6% survival, and the growth was only slightly better than starvation controls. A similar study was done with early juveniles (1 mm dia). The diets included: I. galbana, M. lutheri, Thalassiosira pseudonana (3H), T-Isochrysis sp., and Phaedactylum tricornutum. As with the larvae, superior growth and survival occurred with diets of both species of Isochrysis. Cell concentrations between 1 × 105 and 2 × 105 cells/ml were optimal. The other diets supported minimal growth. In the feeding runs of both larvae and early juveniles, cell densities in excess of 5 × 105 cells/ml were detrimental. 相似文献
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Effects of Rotifer and Artemia Fatty-Acid Enrichment on Survival, Growth and Pigmentation of Summer Flounder Paralichthys dentatus Larvae 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Edward P. Baker David Alves David A. Bengtson 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1998,29(4):494-498
Abstract— Enrichment of live food for marine fish larvae with highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) has been shown to improve survival, growth and stress resistance in many species and to decrease pigmentation abnormalities in flatfish. In order to aid the developing summer flounder industry, we conducted an experiment in which summer flounder larvae were fed diets differing in HUFA composition to determine whether enrichment with a commercially available product would increase survival and growth and reduce the incidence of abnormal pigmentation. We also examined whether growing unenriched rotifers on different species of algae would affect the survival, growth and pigmentation of the flounder larvae to which they were fed. Growth of summer flounder larvae was significantly better when they were fed HUFA-enriched Mtifers and Artemia rather than unenriched and, among the unenriched treatments, was significantly better when the larvae were fed rotifers raised on Isochrysis galbana rather than on Tetraselmis suecica . The percentage of larvae that failed to complete metamorphosis during the experiment was significantly higher in the unenriched treatments than in the enriched treatments. Neither survival nor percentage of individuals with pigmentation abnormalities were significantly different among the treatments. 相似文献
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The culture quality of rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis, was compared for yeast and algal-based cultivation diets. The rotifer quality was evaluated based on factors which may affect survival and growth of marine fish larvae, including individual length and biomass, nutritional value, bacterial content, and rotifer viability. The diets used were monocultures of Tetraselmis sp., Isochrysis galbana, Pavlova lutheri, and baker's yeast plus capelin oil.Rotifers grown to early stationary phase with equal food rations exhibited equal length distribution, but the rotifer individual biomass was 10–25% higher for yeast-grown rotifers than for algal-grown rotifers.All diets gave equal protein content of individual rotifers. The lipid content was slightly higher and the ratio of protein to lipid was slightly lower with yeast plus capelin oil than with algae. The fatty acid composition of the rotifers was closely related to that of their dietary lipids and the 3 fatty acid content was not systematically different for the two types of diets.Use of yeast plus capelin oil resulted in considerably higher numbers of both suspended and rotifer-associated bacteria than with use of algal diets. No differences were found for the algal species involved. The viability of the rotifers in a temperature and salinity test was far better in groups fed algae than in groups fed yeast plus capelin oil.The results indicated an overall better quality of rotifers cultivated with algae than for rotifers cultivated with yeast and oil. Questions related to proteins and the microflora of rotifers should be further emphasized in future research. 相似文献
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4种单胞藻对卤虫生长和生殖影响的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以亚心形扁藻、小球藻、湛江等鞭金藻、绿色巴夫藻为饵料,卤虫为投喂对象,建立五个实验组分别进行研究,观察不同饵料对卤虫生长和生殖的影响,结果表明:投喂亚心形扁藻的卤虫生长最快,成活率高,生殖量也最多,其次为绿色巴夫藻组,湛江等鞭金藻的饵料效果最差.混合4种单胞藻投喂的效果也较好. 相似文献
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Effects of single and combined microalgae on larval growth, development and survival of the commercial sea cucumber Holothuria spinifera Theel 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The results of the study on the suitable algal feed for the mass rearing of holothurian larvae through hatchery system are presented. Auricularia larvae, after 48 h of fertilization, obtained from induced spawning of Holothuria spinifera, were fed with different algae Isochrysis galbana, Nanochloropsis salina, Pavlova lutheri, Tetraselmis chuii and Chaetoceros calcitrans as well as I. galbana+C. calcitrans to ascertain the effect of single and combined microalgal diet. The rate of feeding was 2 × 104 cells larvae–1 day–1 for a period of 9–12 days. The growth rate of 59 μm day−1 with 90% and 43 μm day−1 with 100% occurrence of late auricularia in the larvae fed with C. calcitrans alone and I. galbana+C. calcitrans, respectively, indicated that C.calcitrans itself or in combination with I. galbana is the effective feed for the larvae of H. spinifera. 相似文献
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A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of diet, stocking density and environmental factors on the growth, survival and metamorphosis of short neck clam Paphia malabarica larvae. These experiments examined the following factors: diet [ Isochrysis galbana , Nannochloropsis salina and a mixture of I. galbana and N. salina (1:1 w/w)], stocking density (1, 3, 5 and 7 larvae mL−1 ), light intensity (unshaded, partially shaded and fully shaded) and water filtration (unfiltered and sand filtered). Results indicated that N. salina could replace 50% of I. galbana as a food source for the clam larvae with an increase in growth, survival (47.2%), metamorphosis (33.5%) and early settlement. Larval growth decreased significantly with increasing stocking density. A density of 1–3 larvae mL−1 appeared to be optimal for normal growth of clam larvae. Neither diet nor stocking density used in the study had a significant effect on larval survival. Under partially shaded (light intensity=1000–5000 lx) and fully shaded (light intensity <1000 lx) conditions, larval growth was significantly faster than under direct sunlight (unshaded). Larvae grew significantly faster in the unfiltered water than in the filtered water. 相似文献
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Ma. Concepcioan Lora-Vilchis Natalia Doktor 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2001,32(2):228-235
The nutritive value of Isochrysis galbana (Tahitian), Chaetoceros calcitrans, Chaetoceros muel-leri . and their bi- and trialgal combinations for Pacific scallop Argopecten ventricosus spat culture was studied. Ingestion rate, growth, survival, and biochemical composition were the variables evaluated. Growth results showed C. calcitrans and I. galbana + C. calcitrans diets have the best nutritive values. Poorest results were obtained with I. galbana diet. The acceptability and a high lipid content of C. calcitrans could explain the good results of C. calcitrans and I. galbana + C. calcitrans diets along with a better balanced diet effect in the bialgal mixture. The low growth of the scallops using the C. calcitrans + C. muelleri diet, despite the high ingestion rate, is explained by a low energy content and an unbalanced nutrient supply. The gross biochemical composition of the diets did not show a clear relationship to spat gross biochemical composition. 相似文献
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球等鞭金藻生长抑制物对自身藻细胞的抑制效应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了生长抑制物1-羟基,丙二酸二乙酯-十二烯酸异丙酯（HDMA）对自身细胞生长、叶绿素和丙二醛（MDA）含量、胞外可溶性蛋白质和多糖含量、硝酸还原酶（NR）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性等生理指标的影响,分析HDMA对球等鞭金藻的抑制效应。结果表明,HDMA显著降低了细胞密度、叶绿素含量以及NR、SOD和POD活性,显著增大胞外可溶性蛋白质和多糖的比值,并且还明显提高MDA含量。因此,我们认为HDMA能够影响微藻细胞的某些生理生化过程。其中包括降低叶绿素含量,影响光合作用;改变胞外可溶性蛋白质和多糖的比值,增强细胞的疏水性,促使细胞絮凝;降低微藻硝酸还原酶和抗氧化体系酶的活性,影响细胞内营养平衡,并加速细胞体内活性氧的积累,导致细胞发生过氧化反应,从而影响微藻生长。 相似文献