共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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Xu Wen-li Liu Mei-qin Shen Xin Lu Cun-fu 《中国林学(英文版)》2005,7(4):11-15
Antifreeze proteins （AFPs） enable organisms to survive under cold conditions, and have great potential in improving cold tolerance of cold-sensitive plants, In order to determine whether expression of the carrot 36 kD antifreeze protein gene confers improved cold-resistant properties to plant tissues, we tried to obtain transgenic tobacco plants which expressed the antifreeze protein. Cold, salt, and drought induced promoter Prd29A was cloned using PCR from Arabidopsis. Two plant expression vectors based on pBI121 were constructed with CaMV35S：AFP and Prd29A：AFP. Tobacco plantlets were transformed by Agrobacterium-medicated transformation. PCR and Southern blotting demonstrated that the carrot 36 kD afp gene was successfully integrated into the genomes of transformed plantlets. The expression of the afp gene in transgenic plants led to improved tolerance to cold stress. However, the use of the strong constitutive 35S cauliflower mosaic virus （CaMV） promoter to drive expression of afp also resulted in growth retardation under normal growing conditions. In contrast, the expression of afp driven by the stress-inducible Prd29A promoter from Arabidopsis gave rise to minimal effects on plant growth while providing an increased tolerance to cold stress condition （2℃）. The results demonstrated the prospect of using Prd29A-AFP transgenic plants in cold-stressed conditions that will in turn benefit agriculture. 相似文献
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丛枝菌根真菌对岩溶区植物水分吸收利用的促进作用探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩溶区季节性干旱频繁发生,植物生长受到限制。丛枝菌根真菌是岩溶生态系统中重要生物组份,对植物水分吸收与生长具有积极的效应,可促进植物生长和增强植物抗岩溶干旱的能力。文中通过分析岩溶干旱环境下植物水分利用策略,探讨丛枝菌根真菌对植物水分吸收利用的促进作用及其菌丝输水、改善土壤团聚体和植物营养、影响水通道蛋白基因表达等调控机制,指出今后在应用稳定同位素探索岩溶植物水分利用策略时尚需考虑植物类型、岩溶生境等因素影响,还需加强土著优势菌种的筛选及深入研究植物水分吸收利用的调控机制,以期为石漠化地区植被修复重建科学研究提供参考。 相似文献
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抗冻蛋白是一类能控制冰晶生长和抑制冰晶之间发生重结晶的蛋白质,并具有两种明显不同的活性--热滞活性和重结晶抑制活性.植物抗冻蛋白的抗冻特性是低热滞活性和高重结晶抑制活性.植物抗冻蛋白虽然在DNA和氨基酸水平上具有较大的差异,几乎没有同源性,但却拥有相似的高级结构,冰晶结合位点也有一定的相似性,而且都可以通过"表面互补"模型较好地解释它们与冰晶之间的相互作用.全面介绍了植物抗冻蛋白的种类及特性,以及它们的高级结构和冰晶结合位点. 相似文献
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低温胁迫下植物生理反应机理研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
温度作为一个重要的环境因子, 对植物生长发育起着重要作用。低温对植物造成的伤害影响着植物栽培、作物生产、花卉开花和果树结实等一系列活动, 迄今为止人们还没有找到根本解决方法。文中综述了近几年来国内外关于植物抗寒性与形态结构、膜系统、保护性酶系统、渗透调节物质、基因等因素关系的研究进展, 分析认为, 与抗寒性相关的各个因素最深入层次都涉及基因组序列排列、信号传导、基因表达。今后加强结合分子层面、代谢组学和栽培措施改善植物抗寒途径等方面的研究, 可为植物抗寒机理探索提供深层次基础理论参考。 相似文献
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热激蛋白是一类在有机体受到逆境(如高温等)刺激后大量表达的蛋白。主要参与生物体内新生肽的运输、折叠、组装、定位以及变性蛋白的复性和降解。该文综述了植物热激蛋白的种类、诱导合成方法、机理和基因表达及经典检测和分离手段。 相似文献
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HouYanan LiFenglan GaoShumin 《中国林学(英文版)》2004,6(4):50-57
The research in the genetics of sex determination and the differentiation of reproductive organs in flowering plants has long been a topic in recent years. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms that control sex determination in flowering plants relies on detailed studies of the differentiation of sexual organs. Current theories about sex chromosomes have illuminated the mechanisms of plant sex determination. In addition, recent progress in cloning floral homeotic genes which regulate the identity of the floral organs has generated molecular markers to compare the developmental programs of male, female and hermaphrodite flowers in several species. In this review, the authors focus attention on these recent findings and provide a brief overview of the genetics of plant sex determination and the mechanism of sex determination gene expression and gene programs. 相似文献
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《林业研究》2021,32(1)
Catalpa fargesii is an important economic tree species used for furniture and timber production because of its high density and hardness.Its survival and growth are severely affected and primarily limited by drought stress.Thus,to better understand the mechanism of drought resistance in C.fargesii,we used qRT-PCR to reveal significantly different expression of three plasma membrane intrinsic protein genes:CfPIPl-1,CfPIP1-2 and CfPIP1-4.We then cloned their full-length cDNA sequences and characterized the encoded proteins.We analyzed the genes phylogenetically and predicted conserved motifs,domains,and secondary and tertiary structures.To verify the function of the CfPIP1 genes further,we ectopically expressed CfPIP1 transgenes in Arabidopsis thaliana.The results showed that CfPIP1-1,CfPIP1-2 and CfPIP1-4 had several characteristics of aquaporins.The transgenic plants grew better than the WT plants did under drought stress,and overexpression of the CfPIP1 genes increased the plant water content and resistance to drought.Thus,CfPIP1-1,CfPIP1-2 and CfPIP1-4 of C.fargesii play key roles in regulating the intracellular and extracellular water balance and in mediating the plant response to drought. 相似文献
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植物经常暴露在各种生物和非生物的胁迫之下,这些胁迫会影响植物的生长发育和繁殖并最终导致植物死亡。为了抵御不利的环境条件,植物已经进化出复杂而精细的网络来感知胁迫并激活防御系统。为此,植物激活许多信号转导通路,这些信号转导通路可以改变一些胁迫响应基因的表达,从而引起植物形态、生理和生化的改变以适应逆境。DNA胞嘧啶甲基化是高等真核生物的主要表观遗传机制之一,在维持基因组稳定性和调节基因表达方面起着关键作用。表观遗传变异比遗传变异更为灵活。一旦环境条件发生变化,为了适应新的环境植物都会发生表观遗传的改变。许多研究表明DNA甲基化参与植物的发育和应激反应。基于相关研究对DNA甲基化进行了综述,对植物逆境胁迫有重要意义。 相似文献
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植物对白粉菌的亲和性是当前植物病理学研究的热点与难点之一。该研究在理论上为进一步了解活体寄生菌抑制植物防卫反应和利用植物活体营养的分子机制奠定了基础,在生产实践上,对于通过诱导植物对白粉菌感病基因发生突变或使基因沉默来培育植物抗白粉病新品种有重要意义。本文就细胞、生化以及分子水平上简要阐述了该方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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He Yongqing Fang Jia Yu Minfen Fang Zhongxiang Jiang Bo Pan Yinhui Zheng Bingsong 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2012,(3):82-83
Water is an important component in plant cells with plant aquaporin being the major protein for water transport in and between plant cells.As a subfamily of plant aquaporins,the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins（PIPs） located in the plasma membrane are classic,high water,selective channel proteins.This paper focuses on recent advances in the molecular biology of PIPs concerning structural characteristics,biological function,and a regulation mechanism.PIPs possess two highly conserved domains:GGGANXXXXGY and TGI/TNPARSL/FGAAI/VI/VFWF/YN.PIPs can also be divided into two phylogenetic subgroups named PIP1 and PIP2.PIP1 possesses longer N terminal sequences and shorter C terminal sequences than PIP2 with conserved amino acid sequences respectively.Studies of transgenic plants and expression in Xenopus oocytes cells indicate that PIPs not only may facilitate transport of water and small neutral solutes like CO2 and glycerin,but they also possess many physiological functions. The functions of plant aquaporins are regulated by many factors including post-translational modification,heteromerization,pH value,and divalent cations.These results indicated that PIPs act as a pivotal role in water and small neutral solutes transport in plants. 相似文献
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油茶是我国重要的木本食用油料植物,而茶油不仅不饱和脂肪酸含量高,而且富含微量生物活性物质。为给油茶及其他植物萜类代谢机理的阐述提供理论参考,从而为油茶分子设计育种提供科学依据,以油茶果实膨大期和脂肪酸合成高峰期的种仁为材料,采用高通量RNA-Seq技术对油茶种仁萜类功能组分代谢的2个不同时期转录组进行了比较分析。结果表明:涉及油茶种仁萜类功能组分代谢调控的基因序列共有68条,包含13类关键酶基因,但是大部分基因在果实膨大期和脂肪酸合成高峰期的差异不显著。文中根据分析结果绘制了油茶种仁萜类物质代谢途径,揭示了调控油茶种仁萜类功能组分代谢过程中的基因作用规律。 相似文献