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1.
从鸭茅根际不同部位分离具有溶磷能力的菌株,通过溶磷圈法筛选出9株溶磷能力较强的菌株进行深入研究。利用钼蓝比色法测定其溶磷能力。结果表明：磷酸钙为磷源时溶磷量在109.47～270.40μg/mL,磷酸铝为磷源时溶磷量在0.00～25.86μg/mL。以磷酸钙为磷源进行动态研究,2次测定的溶磷量不同,测定最佳时间为9～12d。菌株分泌IAA测定结果显示,大部分菌株具有分泌IAA能力,加前体物质色氨酸时菌株分泌IAA能力较未加时大,菌株Da11、Da15在无前体物质条件下分泌IAA量分别达到10.60、10.69μg/mL。综合菌株的溶磷、分泌IAA,认为Da8、Da11、Da15、Da19和Da20等5个菌株具有较大的应用潜力。 相似文献
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从葛藤(Pueraria lobata)根际分离出8株具有较强溶解无机磷能力的菌株,溶磷圈法测定菌株的HD/CD值(溶磷圈直径HD,菌落直径CD)在2.14～6.73,液体振荡培养下菌株对磷酸钙的溶解量在72.28～159.15mg/L,菌株培养液pH值较初始培养基的pH值7.0均下降。菌株GTR2和GTR15溶解磷酸钙(分别为159.15mg/L、138.72mg/L)及分泌IAA能力(分别为12.71mg/L、14.44mg/L)均较大,且均为碱性菌株,能在甘露醇等多种碳源上较好生长。综合各菌株的溶磷及分泌IAA能力,菌株GTR2和GTR15有望成为高效微生物磷肥接种剂的优良菌种。 相似文献
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溶磷菌溶磷和分泌IAA特性及对苜蓿生长的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
植物根际溶磷菌不仅可以提高植物对土壤磷素的利用率,同时可以促进根瘤菌的结瘤和固氮作用。利用液体培养法对5株溶磷菌的溶磷特性和分泌IAA能力进行研究,并通过盆栽试验研究接种溶磷菌对苜蓿(MedicagosativaL.)生长的影响。结果表明:各供试菌株溶磷能力差异较大,溶磷能力最强的是LM18(300.3 mg/mL);菌株都有分泌IAA特性,最大分泌量为17.95μg/mL(LM12)。接种溶磷菌后苜蓿株高、茎粗、干重、干鲜比和叶茎比都比对照明显增加。因此,溶磷能力和分泌IAA能力较强的菌株(LM12和LM18)可作为研制微生物肥料的优良菌株。 相似文献
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利用蒙金娜培养基,从甜高粱根际分离具有溶磷能力的菌株,通过溶磷圈法筛选出5株溶磷能力较强的菌株,利用钼锑抗比色法和Salkowski比色法分别对溶磷特性与分泌IAA能力进行测定,结果表明,筛选的菌株分解磷酸钙的能力存在显著差异,溶磷量在107.26~233.95 μg/mL之间,各菌株均具有分泌IAA能力,IAA分泌量在15.23~27.79 μg/mL之间,接种溶磷菌后甜高粱株高、茎粗、干重都比对照明显提升。因此, 溶磷能力和分泌IAA能力较强的菌株(WD51、WD20) 可作为研制微生物肥料的优良菌株。 相似文献
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《草原与草坪》2020,(2)
为了研究细菌的溶磷和分泌IAA的能力,获得性状较优良的菌株资源,将从植物根际分离获得的109株细菌接种于Pikovskaky培养基,通过溶磷圈法筛选获得溶磷能力较强且效果稳定的菌株4株,应用钼锑抗比色法定量测定溶磷量,同时对其分泌生长素的特性进行了评价。结果表明:4株细菌溶磷量为56.77～283.69μg/mL,菌株MD2(2)溶磷能力最强,溶磷量达283.69μg/mL。4株细菌都具有分泌IAA的能力,分泌量为19.83～41.77μg/mL,MC2(2)分泌IAA的量最高,达41.77μg/mL;菌株MD2(2)和MC2(2)在提高土壤肥力、促进作物生长方面具有应用前景。经鉴定MD2(2)为克什米尔小陌生菌(Advenella kashmirensis subsp.methylica),MC2(2)为苜蓿中华根瘤菌(Ensifer meliloti)。 相似文献
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采用PKO无机培养基,从地八角根际分离具有溶磷能力的菌株,通过溶磷圈法筛选出7株解磷能力较强的菌株进行深入研究。利用钼蓝比色法对菌株在液体培养条件下的溶磷能力进行测定,结果表明:筛选的菌株分解磷酸钙的能力差异不大,溶磷量在123.37～135.23μg/mL之间,各菌株的溶磷量与分泌有机酸量、培养介质pH值之间均不存在显著相关性;各菌株均具有分泌IAA能力,大多数菌落呈淡黄色或乳白色、不规则、不透明、扁平、无色素;除1株菌表现为中性外,其他6株表现为产碱性;所有菌株在以甘露醇、蔗糖、1/2甘露醇+1/2蔗糖、葡萄糖、木糖、麦芽糖取代蛋白胨的碳源培养基上均生长良好。其中,DBR2菌株经16SrDNA序列分析,初步鉴定为肠杆菌。 相似文献
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溶磷菌在5种不同培养基中溶解磷矿粉的性能比较 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
通过小麦、苜蓿根际分离的4株溶磷菌(Lx81、Dm84、Jm92、Lx191)接种于PKO、SP、NBRIY、NBRIP、NBRIYP等5种培养基中测定菌落直径、溶磷圈大小、培养液有效磷含量、pH值及总有机酸含量的方法,研究溶磷菌在不同培养基上的生长情况和溶磷特性。结果表明:Lx81和Lx191在PKO培养基上的菌落直径最大,Dm84和Jm92在NBRIY培养基上的菌落直径最大;4菌株在NBRIP培养基中的溶磷量、总有机酸含量、pH下降值均显著高于其他培养基中的值。为了得到更多、更有效的溶磷菌株,在以后的工作中建议采用NBRIP培养基。 相似文献
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溶磷菌分泌有机酸与溶磷能力相关性研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为了研究溶磷菌的溶磷机理,探究溶磷菌分泌有机酸的种类和数量与溶磷能力的相关性。利用PKO无机磷液体培养基对筛选自兰州周边的苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、白三叶(Trifolium repens)和红三叶(Trifolium pratense)根际的6株溶磷菌进行液体培养,采用钼蓝比色法和高效液相色谱法测定溶磷量及分泌有机酸的种类和数量。结果表明,各菌株溶磷量差异显著(P<0.01),有效磷增量在106.53~373.44 mg·L-1之间。供试菌株分泌有机酸的种类主要有草酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乳酸、乙酸、柠檬酸和丁二酸等,但分泌有机酸的种类和数量差异较大。溶磷菌的溶磷量与总有机酸量间存在一定相关性,但有效磷增量并不完全由总有机酸量来决定,有机酸的种类和数量对溶磷量也有一定的影响,各种有机酸对溶磷量的影响程度和作用机理有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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红三叶根际溶磷菌株分泌有机酸与溶磷能力的相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为初步探究红三叶根际溶磷菌株分泌有机酸与溶磷能力的相关性。利用改良PKOC2液体培养基对筛选自红三叶根际的4株优良溶磷菌进行液体培养,采用钼蓝比色法和高效液相色谱法动态监测溶磷菌培养期间发酵液pH、溶磷量及分泌有机酸的种类和数量。结果表明:菌株MHS7、MHS27、MHS30和MHS49均能分泌乳酸、草酸、苹果酸、富马酸和丁二酸,其中菌株MHS30还能够分泌酒石酸;菌株MHS7溶磷量与pH呈负相关(P>0.05);菌株MHS27溶磷量与pH呈正相关(P>0.05),与分泌乳酸量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);菌株MHS30溶磷量与pH呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与分泌有机酸总量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与分泌酒石酸呈显著正相关(P<0.05);菌株MHS49溶磷量与分泌丁二酸呈显著正相关(P<0.05);各菌株分泌有机酸的种类和数量差异较大,溶磷菌的溶磷量与总有机酸量存在一定相关性,但有效磷增量并不完全由总有机酸量来决定,有机酸的种类和数量对溶磷量也有一定的影响。不同菌株溶磷能力与其分泌的有机酸种类和含量之间的关系存在多样性,不同溶磷菌株存在不同的溶磷途径。 相似文献
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Pinard CL Weiss ML Brightman AH Fenwick BW Davidson HJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(1):104-108
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lactoferrin and lysozyme content in various ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tissues of ocular glands obtained from 15 bison and 15 cattle and tears collected from 38 bison. PROCEDURE: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect lysozyme and lactoferrin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the ocular glands. Protein gel electrophoresis was used to analyze ocular glands and pooled bison tears by use of a tris-glycine gel and SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was used to detect lactoferrin and lysozyme. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining for lactoferrin was evident in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison and the deep gland of the third eyelid (Harder's gland) in cattle. Equivocal staining for lactoferrin was seen for the Harder's gland in bison. An 80-kd band (lactoferrin) was detected via electrophoresis and western blots in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison, Harder's glands of cattle, and bison tears. An inconsistent band was seen in Harder's glands of bison. Lysozyme was not detected in the lacrimal gland of cattle or bison with the use of immunohistochemical analysis or western blots. Western blots of bison tears did not reveal lysozyme. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Distribution of lactoferrin and a lack of lysozyme are similar in the lacrimal gland of cattle and bison. Differences in other tear components may be responsible for variability in the susceptibility to infectious corneal diseases that exists between bison and cattle. 相似文献
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桑树的遗传变异特点及在品种选育中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国具有悠久的桑树栽培历史,拥有3 000余份桑树种质资源,分属15个桑种和4个变种,并逐渐形成适应不同生长环境的8个生态类型。依据已有的研究结果,综述桑树遗传变异的特点包括:广泛分布、自然有性杂交和异花授粉以及缺乏稳定性选择等,促进了桑树的突变发生,形成遗传变异的多样性;无性繁殖方式产生了丰富的无性系变异;性状遗传值中非加性效应占有较大比例;无性系品种间杂种一代存在复杂的多样性分离和经济性状的普遍退化;存在丰富的多倍体系列和普遍的混倍现象等。对桑树品种选育研究提出建议:基于桑树的高度杂合习性,不仅要重视研究不同品种中加性效应在遗传值中所占比率,更要研究非加性效应所占比率及充分利用的方法;基于桑树遗传变异的多样性和丰富的无性系变异,加强无性系和田间选优育种;利用桑树混倍现象,将培育多倍体特别是三倍体品种作为一条有效的多倍体育种途径。 相似文献
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The study deals with the situation regarding housing of dogs and cats in Swiss shelters and kennels. In shelters, dogs were mainly held inside a cubicle with a small outside yard. In kennels, housing of dogs took place mainly in inside rooms. Usually two or three dogs were kept together. Cats were held in rooms, with or without outside yards, mainly in groups; no establishment preferred exclusively the housing in cubicles. Shelters received on average 183 dogs and 262 cats each year. Among them, about a third were lost animals while the remaining ones were relinquished. The study highlights some possibilities for improvements and the great diversity of the establishments regarding their size, infrastructure, housing conditions and aims. 相似文献
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Siamudaala VM Bwalya JM Munang'andu HM Munag'andu HM Sinyangwe PG Banda F Mweene AS Takada A Kida H 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2006,54(1):15-23
Anthrax is endemic in Western and North-western Provinces of Zambia. The disease occurs throughout the year and impacts negatively on the economy of the livestock industry and public health in Zambia. During 1989-1995, there were 1626 suspected cases of anthrax in cattle in Western province and of these 51 were confirmed. There were 220 cases of human anthrax cases in 1990 alone and 248 cases during 1991-1998 with 19.1% and 7.7% case fatality rates, respectively. Interplay of the ecology of affected areas and anthropogenic factors seem to trigger anthrax epidemics. Anthrax has drawn considerable attention in recent years due to its potential use as a biological weapon. In this paper, the history, current status and approaches towards the control of the disease in Zambia are discussed. Quarantine measures restrict trade of livestock and exchange of animals for draught power resulting in poor food security at household levels. Challenges of anthrax control are complex and comprise of socio-political, economical, environmental and cultural factors. Inadequate funding, lack of innovative disease control strategies and lack of cooperation from stakeholders are the major constraints to the control of the disease. It is hoped that the information provided here will stimulate continued awareness for the veterinary and medical authorities to maintain their surveillance and capabilities against the disease. This may lead to a culminating positive impact on livestock and human health in the southern African region. 相似文献
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b. bengtsson s-o. jacobsson j. luthman & a. franklin 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1997,20(4):258-261
Concentrations of penicillin-G in serum were determined after single intravenous doses of potassium penicillin-G (10 mg/kg body wt) to ewes and cows in late pregnancy and in early lactation. Penicillin-G in serum was analysed by a microbiological method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by model-independent methods. Serum concentrations were lower in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. The differences were statistically significant at most sampling times in ewes but only during the first hour in cows.
Weight corrected values of clearance and volume of distribution were significantly higher in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. Mean residence time and elimination-half life were shorter in lactating than in pregnant ewes, however for the latter parameter the difference was not statistically significant. Neither of these parameters changed in cows.
It is concluded that in both ewes and cows pharmacokinetic parameters of penicillin-G are altered from late pregnancy to early lactation but that these changes have little practical impact and do not call for a revised dosage regime of the studied drug. 相似文献
Weight corrected values of clearance and volume of distribution were significantly higher in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. Mean residence time and elimination-half life were shorter in lactating than in pregnant ewes, however for the latter parameter the difference was not statistically significant. Neither of these parameters changed in cows.
It is concluded that in both ewes and cows pharmacokinetic parameters of penicillin-G are altered from late pregnancy to early lactation but that these changes have little practical impact and do not call for a revised dosage regime of the studied drug. 相似文献
18.
Ismail Saidi Selemani Lars Olav Eik Øystein Holand Tormod Ådnøy Ephraim Mtengeti Daniel Mushi 《Livestock Science》2013,157(1):173-183
The study was conducted to assess the effects of seasonal variation in the quality and quantity of pasture and management of livestock exclosures (ngitili) on the grazing behavior of cattle and goats. The study was 2×2×2 factorial design with three independent variables: season (Dry or Rainy), ngitili management (Private or Communal) and animal species (Cattle or Goats). Focal and scan observation methods were used to record different behavioral activities. Vegetation attributes from the study areas were measured in two consecutive seasons. Most key forage species had significant higher crude protein (CP) content and in vitro organic matter digestibility (INVOMD) in rainy than in dry season (P<0.05), but Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) did not vary significantly with season (P>0.05). ADF and NDF were significantly higher in species from communal ngitili than those from private ngitili (P<0.05). Above-ground herbaceous biomass and bulk density (BD) were significantly higher in the rainy season and in the private ngitili than in the dry season and in the communal ngitili respectively. Cattle and goats spent considerably more time grazing and browsing respectively in the rainy season than in the dry season (P<0.05). Cattle foraging activities did not vary significantly (P>0.05) with ngitili management, but goats found to spend considerably more time browsing in the communal ngitili and more time grazing in the private ngitili (P<0.05). Despite the merits of stocking cattle and goats together in the heterogeneous pasture, seasonal variation in forage resources requires investigation of other strategies such as use of multipurpose trees and treatment of crop residues to improve livestock production. 相似文献
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试验系统探讨了猪卵母细胞的体外成熟和孤雌激活方法。结果表明:在成熟液中分别添加FSH(促卵泡素:0.1ng/mL)和hMG(人绝经期促性腺激素:0.01IU/mL)的卵母细胞成熟率差异显著,但2组间的分裂率和囊胚率差异不显著。在成熟液中添加0、10、30、50、70ng/mL或90ng/mL的EGF(表皮生长因子),50ng/mLEGF组的分裂率达到84.90%,囊胚率达到30.20%,显著高于其余各组。分别使用以TCM-199和NCSU-23为基础液的成熟液来成熟培养猪卵母细胞,NCSU-23组的分裂率,成熟率和囊胚率均高于TCM-199组。使用离子酶素激活方法和电激活方法进行对比,离子酶素激活后孤雌胚胎发育效果好,差异极显著(P<0.01)。 相似文献