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1.
锦鲤摩氏摩根氏菌的分离鉴定与药敏性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为鉴定2009年山东某养殖场锦鲤病病原,本研究从病鱼体内分离到3株优势菌,经回归感染实验证实编号为A400502的分离株为该病的致病菌.该菌为革兰氏阴性杆菌,周生鞭毛,大小为0.5 μm～0.7 μm×1.0 μm～1.5 μm.其生化特征为鸟氨酸脱羧酶、尿素酶、酚红反应阳性,赖氨酸脱羧酶和精氨酸双水解酶阴性.利用16S rDNA序列分析和比对结果构建的系统发育树表明,该菌与登录号为EF455493的摩氏摩根氏菌(Morganella morganii)的同源性高达99％,因此将该菌鉴定为摩氏摩根氏菌.26种药物的敏感实验结果表明,该分离株对复达欣、庆大霉素、新霉素等11种药物高度敏感. 相似文献
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Palmeiro BS Rosenthal KL Lewbart GA Shofer FS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,230(5):708-712
OBJECTIVE: To assess reproducibility of an in-house tabletop biochemical analyzer for measurement of plasma biochemical analytes and establish reference intervals in adult koi. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 71 healthy adult koi. PROCEDURES: Plasma was analyzed for concentrations or activities of albumin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, bile acids, BUN, calcium, cholesterol, creatine kinase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, globulin, glucose, K, Na, P, total bilirubin, total protein, and uric acid. Duplicate samples were evaluated by use of the intraclass correlation coefficient to determine reproducibility. To assess the magnitude of differences between replicate samples, the absolute mean difference, SD, and minimum and maximum values were calculated for each analyte. Median values and reference intervals were calculated. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficient values were excellent for all analytes except alanine aminotransferase (good), Na (poor), gamma-glutamyltransferase (poor), and P (poor). Reference intervals were established. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The in-house tabletop biochemical analyzer had good precision for measuring most plasma biochemical analytes. Further research and comparison with other reference procedures are needed before reference intervals and precision can be established for globulin, Na, P, K, and albumin. Aquatic veterinarians may be able to use the reference intervals for adult koi as an important diagnostic tool or as part of a fish wellness program, as commonly done in other domestic species. 相似文献
3.
Zhuoran Han Jingfeng Sun Xiufang Liu Xueliang Sun Hongyue Shi Yongjun Guo 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(5):763-769
In this study, the delimitation of intestine segments of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. koi) was conducted using a histological approach with the measurements of height of mucosa folds (HF), width of mucosa folds (WF), thickness of muscularis (TM) and cross-sectional area (CSA). According to the change trends for these four parameters, the intestine of the koi carp was divided into anterior intestine, middle intestine and posterior intestine. The locations of the three intestine segments were defined, and their ratios along the entire intestine were accounted for 23.84 ± 1.18%, 46.77 ± 2.29% and 29.39 ± 1.65%, respectively. The anterior intestine had a significantly higher HF, compared with the middle (p < .01) or posterior intestines (p < .01). The muscularis became thin gradually from the anterior intestine to posterior part. TM was significantly different among the anterior, middle and posterior intestines (p < .01). The anterior intestine had a significantly higher CSA, compared with the middle (p < .01) and posterior intestines (p < .01), and the latter two segments had similar CSA values (p > .05). The procedure of the delimitation of the koi carp intestine segments can offer useful information for future studies on other fish species. The presented results are meaningful for studies on differential functions of the different intestine segments in fish. 相似文献
4.
Background: Viral diseases create one of the greatest challenges for the rapidly expanding ornamental fish culture sector. In recent years, the host-specific herpesviruses are receiving much attention due to the intensification in aquaculture globally. Cyprinid herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2, goldfish hematopoietic necrosis virus), and Cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3, koi herpesvirus) are the lethal pathogens of koi carp Cyprinus carpio koi and goldfish Carassius auratus, respectively. In India, West Bengal is the leading state in ornamental fish production and export. Methods: The surveillance of CyHV-2 and CyHV-3 in koi carp and goldfish cultured in West Bengal was carried out between November 2014 and January 2017 as per Office International des Epizooties guidelines. Results: Both fish species were negative for CyHV-3. The CyHV-2 infection was detected in both gill and kidney tissues of apparently healthy and diseased C. auratus from December 2014 to March 2015. Severe necrosis was observed in the gills of infected C. auratus. Coinfection with members of the bacterial genera Aeromonas and Flavobacterium was also observed in the kidney of infected goldfish. The histopathological observations in the kidney of CyHV-2 infected C. auratus demonstrated the pathogenic potential of CyHV-2 and tissue tropism. Conclusions and Clinical relevance: Environmental stressors like low water temperature and the use of wastewater for culture played a vital role in the onset of CyHV-2 infection in the stressed goldfish. The spread of CyHV-2 can likely pose a certain degree of threat to aquaculture especially the unrestricted movement of goldfish. The results of the present study emphasize the necessity of an organized risk assessment to plan for the management strategies on the control and spread of CyHV-2 in Indian aquaculture. 相似文献
5.
Blom M 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》1999,124(22):688-689
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Gregory A Lewbart 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2002,5(3):637-48, vii
Each year more veterinarians are seeing ornamental fish patients and our knowledge of how to manage the pet fish patient is increasing at a rapid pace. A large percentage of these patients are nishikigoi (Cyprinus carpio) which are taxonomically an ornamental carp. In this country and in many parts of the world we refer to these fish as koi. Reproductive medicine problems are well documented in koi and a thorough knowledge of this subject will aid the fish practitioner in diagnosis and treatment. 相似文献
8.
利用PCR方法检测锦鲤疱疹病毒3个主要靶基因 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为建立锦鲤疱疹病毒(KHV)多靶基因PCR检测方法,本实验将KHV接种鲤鱼鳍条细胞,收获病变细胞悬液,提取DNA,根据GenBank中登录的KHV基因序列及出入境检验检疫行业标准推荐的基因(ORF7),设计合成3对特异性引物,针对胸苷激酶基因(TK)、聚合酶基因(Sph)和ORF7基因进行PCR检测.通过优化后的反应体系进行特异性、敏感性试验和样品检测.结果表明:3对引物能够分别特异性扩增出409bp、292 bp和484bp片段;敏感性试验表明对TK基因检测的敏感性高于Sph和ORF7基因,其最低检测量为1.9×106copies/μL;采用优化的3个PCR方法对8个有临床症状的样品进行检测,其中3份样品的3个基因PCR扩增结果均为阳性.因此,本研究选取的3个基因均可用于KHV的检测及确证实验. 相似文献
9.
通过对红白锦鲤的胚胎发育形态特点及发育特点的研究,红白锦鲤成熟卵为黏性卵,卵径1.8 mm。发育期间水温为18~23℃。30 min受精后,受精卵吸水膨胀到最大,胚盘隆起,55 min后进入卵裂期,6 h后进入囊胚期,11 h后进入原肠胚期,15 h 22 min胚孔封闭,30 h 29 min后肌节收缩,31 h 21 min后心跳开始,43 h54 min出膜。初孵仔鱼长7 mm,出膜后2~3 d,胸鳍、鳃、口、体内血管等器官和色素相继发育完全,99 h后鳔充气,鱼苗开始平游和进食。红白锦鲤胚胎整个发育期,卵裂期、原肠期、尾芽期发育较慢,而在尾芽出现后发育较快。通过试验发现红白锦鲤自然产卵产生的卵质量优于人工催产。胚胎发育最适温度在20~23℃,出苗数目1~1.3万条/m3,与尼罗罗非鱼、盘丽鱼比较,在神经胚期、眼基形成期及出膜仔鱼体色上有所差异。 相似文献
10.
Herpesvirus-associated papillomas in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio). 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
From January through November 1994, 32% (7/22) of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) maintained in indoor aquariums developed proliferative cutaneous lesions that consisted of single to multiple 2-10-mm whitish to pink fleshy masses usually associated with fin rays. Although scaleless koi were more commonly affected (3/6) than were normally scaled koi (4/16), the difference in incidence rates was not significant (chi2 text, P > 0.05). Lesions typically resolved spontaneously in 1-3 wk, occasionally persisted for >3 mo, and recurred in several fish after 2-5 mo. Fish were otherwise asymptomatic. Wet mount preparations from lesions were densely cellular and consisted of hyperplastic epidermal cells of normal morphology without parasites or inflammatory cells. Histologically, biopsies were consistent with papillomas and were characterized by a marked benign epidermal hyperplasia without inclusion bodies or inflammatory infiltrate. Transmission electron microscopic examination revealed intranuclear and intracytoplasmic herpesvirus virions. Virus isolation attempts were unsuccessful. 相似文献
11.
Lewbart GA Butkus DA Papich MG Coleman AK Krum HN Noga EJ 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,226(5):784-788
OBJECTIVE: To develop an easy and safe method for catheterization and determine the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of enrofloxacin after intracoelomic administration in koi. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 20 healthy koi. PROCEDURE: 6 koi were anesthetized with tricaine methanesulfonate, and a 23-gauge, three-fourths-inch butterfly catheter was inserted into the coelomic cavity and secured. Catheters were flushed daily for 6 days with 0.4 mL of sterile saline (0.9% NaCl) solution containing heparin (100 units of heparin in 250 mL of saline solution) without removing koi from the aquarium. At the end of the sixth day (144 hours), each of the 6 catheterized koi and 6 uncatheterized (control) koi was anesthetized individually. Enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb]) was administered to catheterized koi via the injection port and to control koi via a 23-gauge needle in the same site as the catheter placement. A pharmacokinetics study was performed on multiple plasma samples to validate the efficiency of the catheter. Reliability of the catheterization method was determined in 8 koi. RESULTS: All 6 catheters remained patent and effective for the 6 days prior to the start of the pharmacokinetics study. Results for the 2 routes of administration were comparable, and all koi survived the study without any detectable clinical problems. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: An intracoelomic catheter was effective and safe when maintained in koi for at least 6 days. This would be highly beneficial for veterinarians, clients, and fish, especially when intracoelomic administration of a drug would require daily or more frequent dosing. 相似文献
12.
Govett PD Olby NJ Marcellin-Little DJ Rotstein DS Reynolds TL Lewbart GA 《The Veterinary record》2004,155(4):115-119
Two koi (Cyprinus carpio) from the same pond developed similar lesions of scoliosis. Radiographic examinations showed that their spines had become malaligned as a result of vertebral compression fractures involving T14 to T16. The vertebrae in both fish were stabilised with screws, k-wire and polymethylmethacrylate. They both appeared to improve after surgery, but they began to decline and died within three months. A postmortem examination revealed multi-organ inflammation that was not associated with the surgical implants. 相似文献
13.
Aoki T Takano T Unajak S Takagi M Kim YR Park SB Kondo H Hirono I Saito-Taki T Hikima J Jung TS 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(3):209-216
Outbreaks of koi herpesvirus (KHV) infection in carp are still a serious problem worldwide. KHV is closely related to other two cyprinid herpesviruses, pox herpesvirus (CHV) and haematopoietic necrosis herpesvirus (CyHV-2) in goldfish. In this study, two major KHV antigenic proteins (ORF62 and ORF68) were identified by immunoscreening using a KHV-specific polyclonal antibody, and then monoclonal antibodies were generated for immunodiagnostic studies. After screening hybridoma cells, one mAb against ORF68 (mAb-7C6) was obtained but no mAbs against ORF62. mAb-7C6 specifically reacted with a lysate of KHV-infected koi fin cells (KF-1 cells) but not with lysates of CHV- or CyHV-2-infected KF-1 cells in an immuno-blotting analysis. Similar results were shown in the following tests: (1) a indirect fluorescent antibody test using infected KF-1 cells and (2) an immunohistochemical investigation by fast red stain (infected liver) or FITC detection (infected spleen). These results suggested that mAb-7C6 specifically reacts with KHV ORF68 protein. 相似文献
14.
W H Wildgoose 《The Veterinary record》1992,130(8):153-157
Over a period of two years four ornamental koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) of one variety in a mixed population of 16 were affected with papillomas of the head and body. In one fish there was a transition of these tumours into a squamous cell carcinoma in the region of the head and posterior gill space, with deep invasion of the underlying bone. One of the fish recovered completely after the sloughing of the papillomas. In view of the progressive nature of the lesions, the condition was presumed to be due to an infectious agent, but transmission electron microscopy failed to reveal any virus particles. 相似文献
15.
Lisa A Murphy Gregory A Lewbart Gavin L Meerdink Gerald L Bargren 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2005,17(1):74-75
Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides produce their toxic effects by binding with cholinesterase enzymes, resulting in the inhibition of acetylcholine catabolism. Excessive acetylcholine levels cause excessive synaptic neurotransmitter activity. In most animal species, whole blood is the preferred sample for evaluation of cholinesterase activity. Previous reports of cholinesterase activity in carp have involved sampling of serum, plasma, brain, liver, muscle, and heart. Whole-blood samples were obtained from 12 healthy koi (Cyprinus carpio). Whole-blood cholinesterase activity was measured in all 12 samples. Plasma cholinesterase activity was also measured in 4 samples. The overall average of the whole-blood cholinesterases was 0.08 micromol/ml/minute (SD = 0.024). The results for the plasma cholinesterases were similar, with an average of 0.08 micromol/ml/minute (SD = 0.012). Because these reference values are below the minimum detection limit for the method of analysis used, results from blood samples from koi suspected to be suffering from anticholinesterase toxicosis may be uninterpretable. 相似文献
16.
A case report detailing the presenting clinical signs, diagnostics, and treatment of ulcerative skin disease in a group of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) is presented. 相似文献
17.
维氏气单胞菌灭活疫苗的制备及对锦鲤免疫效果评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国兽医杂志》2016,(5)
为证明维氏气单胞菌灭活疫苗对锦鲤机体的免疫效果,应用福尔马林灭活法制备了维氏气单胞菌灭活疫苗对免疫后的锦鲤进行酸性磷酸酶活力检测、超氧化物歧化酶活力检测、吞噬活力等各项免疫指标的检测,并于试验第5周进行免疫保护力试验。结果显示,酸性磷酸酶活力在试验开始后有所上升,在第2周达到最高;超氧化物歧化酶活力上升,并在第2周达到最高;经观察,第3周开始白细胞的数量增多,吞噬活性同时增大;抗体效价于第3周达到最大值,并持续一段时间;免疫4周后攻菌检测免疫保护力,测得试验组的相对免疫保护率RPS为86.4%。上述结果表明,维氏气单胞菌灭活疫苗能够诱导锦鲤机体产生免疫应答反应,并能形成一定保护力。 相似文献
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Larry J Minter Kate M Bailey Craig A Harms Gregory A Lewbart Lysa P Posner 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(4):398-405
ObjectiveTo characterize the physiologic and behavioral effects of a single induction dose and two maintenance doses of alfaxalone delivered by water immersion in the anesthesia of koi (Cyprinus carpio).Study designProspective, within-subject complete crossover design.AnimalsSix adult koi (Cyprinus carpio) with a median body weight of 344.5 g (range 292.0–405.0 g).MethodsKoi were immersed in water containing 10 mg L?1 alfaxalone until immobile and then maintained with alfaxalone at either 1 or 2.5 mg L?1 via a recirculating water system. Times for anesthetic induction and recovery periods were recorded. Physiologic and blood gas parameters were evaluated before, during and after the anesthetic trial. Response to noxious stimuli was also assessed.ResultsMedian anesthesia induction time for all fish was 5.4 minutes. Median recovery time was 11.8 and 26.4 minutes in the 1.0 and 2.5 mg L?1 doses, respectively, which were significantly different (p = 0.04). Cessation of opercular movement occurred in 0/6 and 4/6 fish exposed to 1.0 and 2.5 mg L?1 dose respectively. No difference was observed in median heart rate over the duration of the anesthetic events. Response to noxious stimulation was 4/6 and 0/6 in the 1.0 and 2.5 mg L?1 doses respectively. Oxygenation and ventilation did not change during the experiment, but there was a significant decrease in blood pH along with an increase in blood lactate concentration.Conclusion and clinical relevanceAdministration of alfaxalone, via water immersion, as an induction and maintenance anesthesia agent provided rapid and reliable anesthesia of koi with no mortality. The maintenance dose of 2.5 mg L?1 was sufficient to prevent response to noxious stimuli but was associated with a clinically relevant depression in opercular rate. 相似文献
20.
This report documents 2 cases of branchioblastomas in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio). Macroscopically, both cases were characterized by well-demarcated, pale red nodular masses located at the left first branchial arch and the right pseudobranch, respectively. Histologically, the neoplasias were composed of blast-like cells that differentiated into cartilage and branchial lamellae embedded in abundant fibrous connective tissue. Based on these findings, a branchioblastoma was diagnosed. 相似文献