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秸秆粉碎、破茬掩埋、覆盖联合作业机□曹焕元由江苏理工大学专利事务所受理的专利———秸秆粉碎、破茬、掩埋、覆盖联合作业机已通过了省级科研成果鉴定。该机可一次完成秸秆粉碎、破茬、掩埋、覆盖等作业。它由传动轴、中间传动箱、侧边传动箱、栅栏、旋耕刀辊、开道犁... 相似文献
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秸杆粉碎掩埋联合作业机江苏理工大学专利事务所曹焕元江苏理工大学专利事务所代理的专利“秸秆粉碎掩埋联合作业机”，能一次完成秸杆的粉碎、破茬、掩埋、复盖多项作业，特别适用于旱作地区与水田地区使用。该机已通过由江苏省科委主持的成果鉴定，认为：该机具有技术领... 相似文献
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秸秆还田播种复式作业机的应用是新时期推动我国由传统农业向现代农业转变的一个重要方向,此外,秸秆还田播种复式作业机是在十九大"建设美丽中国,推进绿色发展"的政策鼓励和引导下,壮大节能环保产业、清洁生产产业、清洁能源产业,推进资源全面节约和循环利用体系的重要举措,唯一有所不足的是因为不同地区农情各有不同,而无法大规模的普及,因此加强秸秆还田播种复式作业机设计与试验的研究既具有现实意义和社会价值。文章首先阐述了秸秆还田播种复式作业的整机结构和工作原理,再介绍其主要工作机构和重要部件设计的原理和方法,最后通过作业实验来验证整机性能。 相似文献
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江苏省徐州市农机技术推广站,于2006年开始研制稻麦秸秆切碎还田旋耕复式作业机,现已通过大面积试验及小批量生产鉴定。该机可一次完成秸秆粉碎、抛撒还田、旋耕碎土、覆盖秸秆及整地等多道工序的复式作业,可用于小麦、水稻和玉米等秸秆粉碎还田旋耕覆盖作业,可提高秸秆还田作 相似文献
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秸秆捡拾粉碎掩埋复式还田机设计与试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对黄淮海地区存在玉米秸秆量大、后续播种难度大等问题,设计了一种秸秆捡拾粉碎掩埋复式还田机,能一次完成秸秆捡拾、粉碎、输送和开沟掩埋等作业。应用典型弹齿滚筒式捡拾装置工作原理,通过弹齿捡拾秸秆过程的分析,确定了弹齿滚筒式捡拾装置的导轨中心线轨迹和捡拾相位,并对弹齿进行了基于实际作业情况的运动学分析,其运动轨迹与速度变化规律能够满足捡拾秸秆的需求。采用动定刀支撑切割方式粉碎秸秆,并利用粉碎腔体内的高速气流和置于腔体后侧的挡草板,实现秸秆掩埋还田比例调节和部分秸秆抛撒还田。开沟装置、秸秆输送导向装置出草口和圆盘覆土装置从前向后依次布置,顺序完成开沟、秸秆入沟和覆土掩埋工序。田间试验表明,当作业速度为3 km/h时,秸秆捡拾率为93.5%,粉碎长度合格率为92.6%,开沟深度稳定性系数为95.0%,秸秆入沟率与预先设定的掩埋比例基本一致,各项技术指标满足技术要求。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献