共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 210 毫秒
1.
2.
对 1 3/ 1 7易位纯合子猪、杂合子猪及杜洛克、长白、约克夏猪的核仁组成区 ( Ag-NORs)的多态性作了研究 ,结果表明 ,杜洛克、约克夏猪 Ag-NORs定位于 8号和 1 0号染色体的次缢痕区 ,而 1 3/ 1 7易位纯合子猪、1 3/ 1 7易位纯合子猪×约克夏猪 F1代 Ag-NORs的遗传方式符合孟德尔定律 ;Ag-NORs在细胞间、个体间及品种间数目均有差异 ,而且品种差异显著大于品种内个体间差异。 1 3/ 1 7易位纯合子猪、杂合子猪 ,以及长白、杜洛克、约克夏猪 Ag-NORs均数分别为 1 .99、1 .98、2 .0 0、2 .0 5、2 .0 6,说明 Ag-NORs在品种、个体及细胞间具有多态性。这种多态性与猪的起源和杂交育种时所用亲本品种的血缘成分有关 ,因此可作为遗传标记 ,用以分析家畜的亲缘关系 相似文献
3.
西北地区几个猪种银染核仁组织区（Ag—NORs）多态性的研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文用核仁组织区银染法对西北地区4个品种42头猪Ag-NORs的数目和分布作了较详细的研究。结果表明,猪的NOR位于8号和10号染色体的次缢痕区,每个细胞Ag-NORs的分布范围在1～4个之间。杜洛克、巴克夏、关中黑和八眉猪每个细胞Ag-NORs数平均为2.05、2.00、3.33和2.95个。Ag-NORs在品种、个体和细胞间具多态性,这种多态性与猪的起源和杂交育种时所用亲本品种的血缘有关。同时,对八眉猪以及中国猪种的起源问题作了初步探讨。 相似文献
4.
5.
本试验利用染色体银染技术，对纯隐性黑色互助猪，纯显性白色约克夏及其杂交一代，杂交二代和杂交三代的体细胞分别进行核仁区染色，并对结果进行统计分析，结果表明，猪的Ag-NORs平均数与毛色之间具有极强的正相关(r=0.945）。 相似文献
6.
7.
用染色体Ag—NORs检测“军牧1号”瘦肉型新品种猪的遗传稳定性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验通过对"军牧1号"瘦肉型新品种猪及其亲代施格、三江白猪染色体Ag一NORs数目变化研究表明：亲代施格猪1个Ag-NORs占1．55％、2个Ag-NORs。占72．87％、3个As-NORs占12．40％、4个Ag-NORs13．18％；三江白猪2个Ag-NORS占97．56％、3个Ag-NORs占2．44％。Ag-NORs众数为2，平均数分别为2．40和2．03。亲代不同品种Ag-NORs存在多态性，体现了品种特征。"军牧1号"新品种猪1个和3个Ag-NORs均占0．35％、2个Ag-NORs占9930％，Ag-NORs众数为2．平均数为2．00；在个体间，群体内趋于一致、集中，达到稳定遗传．亲代猪Ag-NORs定位第8号、第10号染色体的次缢痕区[1,2,3,4,]，新品种猪Ag-NORs定位第10号染色体的次缢痕区。 相似文献
8.
9.
本研究采用PCR-RFLP技术检测了长白、约克夏和杜洛克猪群的RYR基因的多态性,分别分析了RYR基因与猪的产仔数(TNB)、初生重(LBW)、仔猪28日龄重(LWT28)、背膘厚(TheBackfatThickness)、死胎数(ND)之间的相关关系。对群体遗传结构分析表明,在约克夏、杜洛克猪群中,有氟烷基因存在;长白猪群中,未发现有该基因存在。通过对RYR基因分型研究,在约克夏和杜洛克猪群中,未发现有隐性纯合基因型(nn)个体,仅存在纯合基因型(NN)个体和杂合型(Nn)个体。不同氟烷基因型(NN,Nn)之间在产仔数方面存在差异性显著(P<0.05)。约克夏猪群中,比较了头胎的平均产仔数,结果发现,Nn个体的产仔数(TNB)比NN个体平均多1.7045头/胎;杜洛克猪群中,Nn个体的产仔数(TNB)比NN个体平均多2.5758头/胎;经产胎次中,平均产仔数分别多0.3898和0.9956头/胎。杂合型(Nn)个体显著高于纯合基因型(NN)个体(P<0.05)。在两层和三层膘厚检测中发现,在杜洛克猪群和约克夏猪群中,纯合基因型个体均低于杂合基因型个体,因此在背膘厚方面两种基因型(NN,Nn)个体存在差异性显著(P<0.05)。在仔猪28日龄重方面,杂合型(Nn)个体则低于纯合基因型(NN)个体,差异性显著(P<0.05);仔猪初生重方面,纯合基因型个体的仔猪初生重与杂合型个体差异不显著(P>0.05);死胎数方面,? 相似文献
10.
11.
不同品种猪精液品质的季节性变化规律研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在不同季节采集56头大白、长白、杜洛克公猪的精液,对精液品质进行了评定和分析。结果表明:在一年内,杜洛克和大白公猪的精液品质均以秋季最好,春季次之,夏季最差,而长白公猪的精液品质以春季最好、夏季最差;精液量有显著(P<0.05)的品种间差异,长白猪、大白猪、杜洛克猪依次降低;精子活率表现为杜洛克猪、大白猪、长白猪依次降低但差异不显著(P>0.05);精子畸形率以长白猪为最高,而在各品种间差异也不显著(P>0.05)。经综合评定,在受试的3个品种公猪中,杜洛克猪的精液品质较好,而且在夏季也优于其他2个猪种。 相似文献
12.
通过对不同品种及杂交组合氟烷基因显性纯合子育肥猪肌肉中羟脯氨酸和pH值2个指标的测定,来分析品种及杂交组合效应对猪肉质的影响。试验结果表明,品种及杂交组合效应对猪肉的嫩度有影响。在屠宰后的前4 d大长猪(大白猪×长白猪)猪肉中羟脯氨酸含量低于长大猪(长白猪×大白猪),说明其嫩度要好于长大猪;猪肉离体后pH值先下降后上升。随着冷藏时间的延长,长白猪和大白猪猪肉pH值的升高速度要比杜洛克猪、长杜猪(长白猪×杜洛克猪)、长大猪、大长猪的速度要慢,说明长白猪和大白猪肉的货架期较长。长白猪与大白猪正反交,对肌肉pH值影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
13.
Osteochondrosis and arthrosis in pigs. 3. A comparison of the incidence in young animals of the Norwegian Landrace and Yorkshire breeds 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
T Grondalen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1974,15(1):43-52
An investigation concerning the occurrence of osteochondrosis and arthrosis in 2 materials totalling 63 pigs of the Landrace breed and 63 of the Yorkshire breed is described. The animals were bred under the same conditions of feeding and housing. The differences should therefore mainly be of genetic origin. Both breeds were highly improved, Landrace the most. In general, Yorkshire pigs showed a lower incidence and a less marked degree of osteochondrosis and arthrosis than Landrace pigs. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) were demonstrated in the distal epiphyseal plate of the ulna, in the intervertebral joints of the lumbar region and in the medial condyle of the femur in 1 of the materials. The Landrace pigs had longer bodies, broader hindquarters, shorter femurs, and the stifle had a different shape as compared with Yorkshire pigs. There thus seemed to be a connection between exterior features, joint and bone shape and the occurrence of joint lesions. Differences among litters within breed were also demonstrated. 相似文献
14.
Prediction of performance of progeny from test station boars. 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Data were obtained from 1,954 Duroc and 2,252 Yorkshire purebred and crossbred progeny sired by 34 Duroc and 32 Yorkshire boars, respectively. Boars were purchased from the North Carolina Swine Evaluation Station during August 1983 to December 1988. Boars were selected to represent high and low indexes at the test station. Progeny were raised and tested under conditions similar to commercial pig production at the Tidewater Research Station. For each breed of boar (Duroc and Yorkshire), breed type (purebred and crossbred), and sex (castrates and gilts) of progeny, regression coefficients of progeny traits on each sire trait were computed. Progeny traits were ADG, days to 104.3 kg BW (DAYS), backfat thickness (BF), and feed conversion ratio (FC). Sire traits were ADG, DAYS, BF, FC, and INDEX. Effects of boar test group and progeny test group were included in the models. Averaged over breed type and sex, a 25-unit (1 SD) increase in sire INDEX resulted in 14.5 g more ADG, 3.2 fewer DAYS, .57 mm more BF, and .017 lower FC in Durocs and 5.6 g more ADG, .01 more DAYS, .81 mm less BF, and .083 lower FC in Yorkshires. The low magnitude and variable signs of some regression coefficients suggested that predictions of progeny performance from performance of individual sires at the North Carolina Swine Evaluation Station were not very reliable. Differences between regressions for purebreds and crossbreds implied small correlations between the two breed types. Differences between Durocs and Yorkshires indicated that genetic parameters might not be the same for the two breeds. 相似文献
15.
During a one-year survey a total of 1034 Dutch Yorkshire and 1640 Dutch Landrace pigs were subjected to the halothane-test after their arrival at one of the national pig testing stations. The average percentage reactors was 3% in the Dutch Yorkshire breed and 22% in the Dutch Landrace breed. Death losses during the fattening period and during the transport of the gilts to the slaughter-house were almost ten times higher in reacting as in non-reacting Dutch Landrace pigs (5.27% vs 0.56%). In the Dutch Landrace breed significant differences were found between reactors and non-reactors in the growth traits of the boars and in all carcass and meat quality characteristics of the gilts, which confirm previous observations. However, in the Yorkshire breed no significant differences were found in these traits between reacting and non-reacting animals. The conflicting results obtained in this breed are discussed. It is suggested that the halothane-test will be most effective for minimization of stress-susceptibility and abnormal meat quality when used as a selection criterion in commercial breeding and selection of Dutch Landrace pigs. 相似文献
16.
A static, deterministic computer model was used to calculate production efficiency (cost per kg of product) for four purebred and 69 alternative crossbreeding systems involving the Duroc, Yorkshire, Landrace and Spotted breeds of swine. Crossbreeding systems were defined as including all purebred, crossbred and commercial matings necessary to maintain a total of 10,000 farrowings. Driving variables for the model were predicted mean conception rates, litter size born, preweaning survival rate, postweaning average daily gain, feed-to-gain ratio and carcass backfat. Predictions were computed using breed effect and heterosis estimates obtained from experimental data involving the four breeds collected at the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station between 1976 and 1979. The most efficient breed combinations for each of the nine types of crossbreeding systems evaluated were predicted to reduce cost per kg of product by 6.7 to 10.5%, relative to the most efficient purebred (Duroc). The Duroc X (Yorkshire, Landrace, Spotted) four-breed rotaterminal was predicted to be the most efficient system, followed by the Duroc X (Yorkshire, Landrace) rotaterminal. Duroc X (Spotted X Landrace) and Duroc X (Spotted X Yorkshire) static systems ranked third and fourth overall, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated that ranking of systems predicted to be most efficient under the default model was reasonably robust to varying input economic, genetic and management parameter values. Results of this study suggested that three- or four-breed rotaterminal or static systems should maximize effective use of heterosis and breed complementarity in swine production systems. 相似文献
17.
Sepponen K Ruusunen M Pakkanen JA Pösö AR 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,174(1):122-128
Lactate, formed mainly in the stomach and small intestines, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) formed in the colon, are ionised and require transporter proteins such as monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) for absorption. The amounts of MCT1, MCT2, MCT4 and CD147, an ancillary protein for MCT1 and MCT4, were measured by immunoblotting the small intestine and colon of 40 pigs (Landrace, Yorkshire and LandracexYorkshire). MCT1 and MCT4 were found in both small intestine and colon, but MCT2 only in the small intestine. In both small intestine and colon, Yorkshire pigs had more CD147 than Landrace pigs, while no interbreed differences were found in MCT isoforms. Since CD147 is essential for the activity of MCT1 and MCT4, the breed difference suggests that MCT activity is higher in Yorkshire than in Landrace pigs. The absence of MCT2 in the colon suggests that it is mainly a lactate transporter, while MCT1 and MCT4 facilitate the transport of both lactate and SCFA. 相似文献
18.
Tobias KM 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2003,39(4):385-389
A hereditary basis for congenital portosystemic shunts (PSS) in Yorkshire terriers was explored through record and pedigree analysis and a breeding trial. The odds ratio for PSS in Yorkshire terriers was 35.9 times greater than for all other breeds combined. Wright's coefficient of inbreeding was approximately twice as high for Yorkshire terriers with PSS as compared to normal members of the breed (P=0.09). No common ancestors were found that were significant to the PSS group. Two affected Yorkshire terriers were bred and produced two normal puppies. Congenital PSS appears to be hereditary in Yorkshire terriers; however, the mechanism of inheritance has yet to be elucidated. 相似文献
19.
M F Rothschild H T Hill L L Christian C M Warner 《American journal of veterinary research》1984,45(6):1216-1218
Four-week-old pigs of the Chester White, Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace, and Yorkshire breeds (n = 518) were vaccinated with a pseudorabies modified live-virus vaccine to determine whether genetic differences existed for immune response after vaccination. All pigs and their dams (sows) were tested before vaccination to determine preimmunization antibody titers, using a microtitration serum-neutralization (SN) test. The SN test results of sows were negative, as were preimmunization tests of the pigs. At 4 weeks after pigs were vaccinated, additional blood samples were collected from the pigs, and end-point SN titers were determined, using a 2-fold dilution scheme. Small, but statistically significant, breed differences existed for antibody response, with Yorkshire and Chester White pigs having the highest response, and Duroc and Landrace pigs, the lowest. Differences among sire progeny groups were small, but there were significant differences among dams. Genetic differences as seen by differences among breeds indicates that the efficacy of vaccines may vary from breed to breed and that vaccine trials should not neglect this potential source of variation. 相似文献
20.
大约克母猪排卵规律的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对大约克母猪在发情不同时间分批屠宰测定表明，大约克母猪排卵时间是在发情开始后４８小时左右至７２小时之前这一范围。并采用杜洛克和大约克公猪分别在母猪发情的不同阶段先后配种，从所产仔猪的遗传特征鉴别结果判断，排卵大多集中在发情３６小时后至６０小时左右范围内，与屠宰测定基本一致。据上试验结果，确定掌握适配期为母猪发情开始后３６－４８小时期间第一次配种，间隔１２－２４小时内复配一次。经两年配种实践取得良好效果，情期受胎率分别达到９１．２７％（２０９／２２９）和９３．３６％（２６７／８６）。 相似文献