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1.
寄生在羊消化道的线虫种类很多,各种消化道线虫往往混合感染对羊群造成不同程度的危害,是每年春、夏、秋季造成羊死亡的原因之一。笔者于2006年2月至5月期间,为了摸清巴音布鲁克黑头羊消化道线虫的感染种类及感染率进行了本次调查研究。经常规寄生虫病病原学(粪便)检查,发现羊体内有夏伯特线虫、奥斯特线虫、毛圆线虫、捻转血矛线虫、钝刺细颈线虫、马歇尔线虫等。其感染率可达100%,感染强度较高,如钝刺细颈线虫和捻转血矛线虫平均EPG均为100个/1g,夏伯特线虫和马歇尔线虫平均EPG都为67个/1g,消化道线虫混合感染情况严重,最多达6种,最少也有3种。此次调查结果对巴音布鲁克草原牧民们的驱虫工作起到指导作用,从而提高寄生虫病的综合防治水平,使黑头羊的生产管理及育肥得到保障,挽回经济损失。  相似文献   

2.
为了研究邯郸地区羊消化道蠕虫的感染情况,试验采用漂浮法和沉淀法对邯郸地区的368只羊进行了消化道蠕虫感染情况调查。结果有192只羊感染蠕虫,表明邯郸地区羊消化道蠕虫感染率为52.2%(192/368)。调查共发现11种蠕虫,即肝片形吸虫、扩展莫尼茨绦虫、贝氏莫尼茨绦虫、细颈囊尾蚴、捻转血矛线虫、毛首线虫、羊仰口线虫、绵羊夏伯特线虫、辐射食道口线虫、乳突类圆线虫、蒙古马歇尔线虫,其感染率分别为4.1%、3.5%、10.3%、47.5%、36.4%、26.9%、18.2%、14.4%、18.2%、15.8%和6.5%,表明邯郸地区羊消化道蠕虫的优势虫种为细颈囊尾蚴和捻转血矛线虫。  相似文献   

3.
为了方便临床上鉴定羊消化道常见且易混淆线虫虫卵并丰富相关资料,试验从羊消化道中采集疑似捻转血矛线虫、夏伯特线虫、食道口线虫和奥斯特线虫共4种线虫,采用形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定虫种,将4种线虫于体外短暂培养后得到纯种虫卵,通过观察虫卵不同发育阶段的胚胎形态变化获取每种线虫虫卵形态特征,并对虫卵的长径、宽径和长宽比进行测定。结果表明：经鉴定4种线虫分别为捻转血矛线虫、绵羊夏伯特线虫、粗纹食道口线虫和普通奥斯特线虫。4种线虫虫卵初期胚胎多呈收缩状态且形似桑葚,在外观形态上具有相似性,均为双层卵壳,多数对称,少数不对称。捻转血矛线虫虫卵呈短椭圆形,颜色较浅;绵羊夏伯特线虫虫卵呈椭圆形,颜色较捻转血矛线虫虫卵深;粗纹食道口线虫虫卵呈长椭圆形,颜色较捻转血矛线虫虫卵深,与绵羊夏伯特线虫虫卵相近;普通奥斯特线虫虫卵亦呈长椭圆形,颜色与捻转血矛线虫相近,较绵羊夏伯特线虫和粗纹食道口线虫虫卵浅。虫卵在生理盐水中培养1～6 d后,捻转血矛线虫、绵羊夏伯特线虫和普通奥斯特线虫依次进入蝌蚪期和幼虫期,但仅凭肉眼依然难以区分虫卵种类;绵羊食道口线虫未观察到含蝌蚪或含幼虫的虫卵,仅在桑葚期观察到胚胎收缩成1团及...  相似文献   

4.
用Ｒｉｎｔａｌ片进行了驱除绵羊消化道线虫试验。结果表明当５ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重剂量时对捻转血矛线虫、哥伦比亚线虫、羊仰口线虫、细预属线虫和奥斯特线虫等绵羊消化道线虫的虫卵减少率，虫卵转阴率、虫卵孵化第三期幼虫减少率和第三期幼虫转阴率均可达到１００％，且安全，无任何毒副作用。  相似文献   

5.
为了解凉州区绵羊寄生虫感染情况,采用完全蠕虫解剖法随机对200只绵羊进行解剖,调查发现凉州区绵羊蠕虫感染率为100%,其中线虫感染率为89.0%,吸虫感染率为62.5%,绦虫感染率49.5%。调查中共检出19种蠕虫幼虫,其中线虫10种,有夏伯特线虫(Chabertia sp.)、毛圆线虫(Trichostrongylus sp.)、捻转血矛线虫(Hemonchus contortus)、细颈线虫(Nematodirus sp.)、丝状网尾线虫(Dictyocaulus filaria)、仰口线虫(Bunostomum trigonocephalum)、食道口线虫(Oesophagostomum spp.)、美丽筒线虫(Gongylonema pulchrum)羊毛尾线虫(Trichocephala ovis)、奥斯特线虫(Ostertagra sp.);绦虫5种,有莫尼茨绦虫(Moniezia sp.)、盖氏曲子宫绦虫(Helzctrometa giarda)、中点无卵黄腺绦虫(Avitelina centripunctata)、细粒棘球蚴(Echinococcus granulosus)、细颈囊尾蚴(Cysticercus tenuicollis);吸虫有4种,有肝片形吸虫(Fasciola hepatica)、矛形双腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium lanceatum)、东毕吸虫(Orientobilharzia sp.)、绵羊扁体吸虫(Ratynosomum ovis)。检出的优势虫种为捻转血矛线虫和羊仰口线虫。  相似文献   

6.
陕西永寿县某羊场寄生虫种类的调查研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
陕西省永寿县某羊场共有羊471只,其中布尔山羊92只,无角道赛特118只,莎能奶山羊96只,同羊40只,小尾寒羊50只,道赛特羔羊75只.通过对羊群进行粪便检查、剖检等方法,共发现寄生虫13种.其中,内寄生虫有12种,包括矛形双腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium dendriticum)卵及成虫,毛首线虫(Trichuris)卵,细颈线虫(Nematodirus)卵,捻转血矛线虫(Haemonchus contortus)卵及成虫,奥斯特线虫(Osteragia)卵,毛圆线虫(Trichostrongylus)卵,食道口线虫(Oesophagostomum)卵,羊仰口线虫(Bunostomum trigonocephalum)卵,夏伯特线虫(Chabertia ovina)卵,丝状网尾线虫(Dictyocaulus filaria)成虫及一期幼虫,艾美耳球虫(Eimeria)卵囊,细颈囊尾蚴(Cysticercus tenuicollis),外寄生虫1种为血蜱(Heamaphysalis).其中线虫、球虫感染率高,感染强度大.  相似文献   

7.
河北省坝上高原地区完全放牧条件下的绵羊消化道线虫优势虫种(捻转血矛线虫、羊仰口线虫和食道口线虫)季节动态：幼虫的感染强度在温暖的4～9月最低，而寒冷的10～3月较高；成虫的感染强度在6～9(或8)月最低。血矛线虫4～6月和9月～次年1月感染强度较高，羊仰口线虫除6～8月外其余各月份感染强度较高。食道口线虫4～6月为感染强度的高峰期。  相似文献   

8.
为了了解新疆部分地区双峰驼消化道寄生虫的感染情况,试验采用常规寄生虫病病原检查技术(粪检技术)对新疆阿勒泰福海县及乌鲁木齐市达坂城区的121峰双峰驼(幼驼12峰)消化道寄生虫种类、感染率及感染强度进行了调查与统计。结果表明:双峰驼消化道寄生虫主要是线虫(细颈线虫、夏伯特线虫、血矛线虫)和球虫。新疆双峰驼消化道寄生虫感染率为31.4%(38/121),细颈线虫、夏伯特线虫、血矛线虫、球虫的感染率分别为9.9%、5.0%、3.3%和13.2%。幼年驼消化道寄生虫的检出率为66.7%,明显高于成年驼(27.5%)。单虫种感染率为22.3%;2种虫体混合感染率为3.3%,主要为细颈线虫和球虫混合感染、细颈线虫和夏伯特线虫混合感染;3种虫体混合感染率为1.6%,为细颈线虫、球虫及夏伯特线虫混合感染。新疆阿勒泰福海县的双峰驼消化道寄生虫感染强度高于乌鲁木齐市达坂城区,细颈线虫感染强度最高。说明双峰驼感染消化道寄生虫较为普遍,应采取合理的饲养方式,有效驱虫,保障驼产业的健康发展。  相似文献   

9.
为了解神木县羊寄生虫的感染情况,2011年7月～8月,采用蠕虫学完全剖检法抽样检查30只羊。共发现寄生虫11种,其中线虫8种:粗纹食道口线虫(Oesophagostomum asperum)、捻转血矛线虫(Haemonchus contortus)、毛尾线虫(Trichuris sp.)、细颈线虫(Nematodirus sp.)、羊仰口线虫(Bunosto-mum trigoncephalum)、毛圆线虫(Trichostrongylus sp.)、美丽筒线虫(Gongylonema pulchrum)、尖尾线虫(Oxyuris sp.);吸虫1种:矛形歧腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium lanceatum);绦虫2种:莫尼茨绦虫(Monieziasp.)、细颈囊尾蚴(Cysticercus tenuicollis)。其中线虫、绦虫感染率高,感染强度大。捻转血矛线虫感染率80%,粗纹食道口线虫感染率45%,细颈囊尾蚴感染率45%,为优势种。  相似文献   

10.
[目的]了解云南省怒江州山羊寄生虫感染状况,为临床疫病诊断、驱虫用药提供科学依据。[方法]采用蠕虫学完全剖检方法抽样检查山羊87只。[结果]检出山羊寄生虫24种,隶属于5门5纲6目12科13属,其中吸虫4种、线虫15种、绦虫2种、蜘蛛昆虫3种。[结论]怒江州的羊仰口线虫、粗纹食道口线虫、捻转血矛线虫、丝状网尾线虫、叶氏夏伯特线虫、球形毛首线虫、哥伦比亚食道口线虫、羊毛首线虫、豹毛首线虫、羊夏伯特线虫和腔阔盘吸虫的感染率高、感染强度大、分布广,为怒江州山羊寄生虫的优势虫种。  相似文献   

11.
Using 21 worm-free lambs in paddocks on old sheep pastures on 4 farms near Oslo, it was found that Nematodirus spp., Ostertagia spp. and Moniezia spp. were the only helminths which could survive the winter in the pasture in great numbers. A few Teladorsagia davtiani, Chabertia ovina, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia onchophora and Skrjabinema ovis survived the winter. Trichostrongylus axei, T. vitrinus and Oesophagostomum venulosnm showed a negligible ability to survive the winter in the pasture. The following species were never found to survive: Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Cooperia curticei and Strongyloides papillosus.  相似文献   

12.
The present study was conducted with the objective to investigate the seasonal epidemiological prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) nematodes in different age groups, sexes and breeds (genotypes) of sheep through necropsy and faecal analysis over a period of 2 years in Kashmir valley, India. A total of 1533 sheep were examined [faecal examination: 1035 (year 1: 561, year 2: 474); necropsy: 498 (year 1: 232, year 2: 266)]. Out of these, 945 (61.64%) were found infected [faecal examination: 697 (67.34%, year 1: 390 (69.51%), year 2: 307 (46.99%); necropsy: 248 (49.79%, year 1: 123 (53.01%), year 2: 125 (64.69%)] with GIT nematodes. The over all prevalence of GIT nematodes in sheep in year 1 was 64.76 and 58.37% in year 2 (P=0.04). The parasites in decreasing order of prevalence (%) in sheep were Haemonchus contortus (59.6); Ostertagia circumcincta (38.0); Bunostomum trigonocephalum (37.7); Chabertia ovina (37.7); Trichostrongylus spp. (33.9); Nematodirus spathiger (29.4); Oesophagostomum columbianum (28.4); Trichuris ovis (23.5) and Marshallagia marshalli (22.1). Season, sex, age, and genotype were the factors that influenced the epidemiological prevalence of GIT nematodes in sheep in the present study. The maximum nematode infection was observed in summer season and lowest in winter (P=0.0005). Local Kashmiri breed was less infected as compared to other genotypes (P>0.05). Lower age groups were more infected than adult animals (P>/=0.05). Prevalence was higher in rams (males) than eves (females) (P>0.05). The present study will initially be of great significance to add to the existing knowledge of the epidemiology of GIT nematodes of small ruminants and the findings will be quite helpful to devise the appropriate control and prophylactic strategies for GIT nematodiasis of sheep reared under the temperate agro-climatic conditions.  相似文献   

13.
Twelve hundred and twenty-eight goats (Capra hircus L.) from a sub-tropical and humid zone of India were examined for gastrointestinal nematodes. The species encountered in the region were: Haemonchus contortus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Oesophagostomum columbianum, Trichuris globulosa, O. aspersum, and T. ovis. The overall infection rate was 86.8%. Among various species found, H. contortus emerged as the most prevalent, although B. trigonocephalum and O. columbianum were also significantly in evidence. The seasonal fluctuation in infection was assessed by monitoring the faecal egg count of 1638 goats slaughtered during the 1-year period. The maximum values for the prevalence and overall mean eggs g-1 of faeces (EPG) were observed after the heavy rainfall season and remained at a relatively high level from July to December. H. contortus and O. columbianum appear to be of major importance as parasites in the goats of this climatic zone; the role of climatic factors in their prevalence is discussed.  相似文献   

14.
Infective larvae of selected batched of the following nematode species from sheep and cattle were examined for survival and infectivity (by injection into either the abomasum, the duodenum, or the jugular vein) after having been stored in liquid nitrogen for 103-136 months: Haemonchus contortus, Haemonchus placei, Ostertagia circumcincta, Ostertagia ostertagi, Marshallagia marshalli, Cooperia spp., Trichostrongylus axei, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Trichostrongylus falculatus, Nematodirus spathiger, Nematodirus helvetianus, Oesophagostomum columbianum, Oesophagostomum radiatum, Chabertia ovina and Dictyocaulus filaria. Excluding D. filaria, a mean of 97.7% of the ovine and 96.0% of the bovine nematode larvae were alive when thawed. Compared with previous investigations in this series, little or no reduction occurred with time in either the survival or the viability of the nematodes from cattle, or in the survival of those from sheep. In contrast, the larvae developed poorly in sheep, possibly owing to parenteral treatment of the animals with ivermectin at a dosage of 0.4 mg kg-1, either 6 or 8 days before they were infected.  相似文献   

15.
Critical controlled tests were performed in 157 sheep (8 experiments) and 34 cattle (2 experiments) to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of mebendazole suspension, administered intraruminally via a stomach tube at a dosage rate of 15 mg of mebendazole/kg of body weight, against induced infections of immature and adult stages of commonly encountered nematode parasites in South Africa. In the sheep, the controlled efficacy of mebendazole suspension was good to excellent (90.1% to 100%) against all stages of Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Gaigeria pachyscelis, Ostertagia circumcincta, Nematodirus spathiger, and Chabertia ovina species. Mebendazole was also highly effective (97.3% to 99.9%) against 4th, 5th, and adult stages of Oesophagostomum columbianum and 5th-stage and adult Dictyocaulus filaria. Moderate activity was obtained (79.8% to 82.2%) against 3rd-stage O columbianum, 3rd- and 4th-stage D filaria, and 5th-stage and adult Strongyloides papillosus. In the cattle, mebendazole was effective (91.5% to 100%) against 4th-stage and adult H placei, Cooperia pectinata, Bunostomum phlebotomum, and Oesophagostomum radiatum species, but did not exhibit any appreciable activity (27.3% to 41.5%) against 4th-stage and adult O ostertagi.  相似文献   

16.
The recently developed benzimidazole anthelmintic, oxfendazole, was tested against artificial nematode infestations in Egyptian goats using oral dosing at 4.5 and 2.8 mg/kg. A 100% clearance of mature and immature Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, Ostertagia circumcincta, Coopera curticei, Bunostomum trigonocephalum and Chabertia ovina was obtained at the 4.5 mg/kg level. Very high levels of clearance against the mature worms were obtained at 2.8 mg/kg but the drug was less effective against immature worms at the lower dose rate. PCV, hemoglobin concentration and total erythrocyte counts declined after infection but became significantly (P less than 0.001) raised in treated animal.  相似文献   

17.
Fenbendazole (methyl-5-(phenylthio)-2-benzimidazole carbamate) at dose rates of 5 mg/kg and above was 100 per cent effective in eliminating a naturally acquired Dictyocaulus filaria infection in sheep. The drug was 100 per cent effective in eliminating concurrent infections of adult Trichostrongylus axei, Haemonchus contortus, Haemonchus placei, Ostertagia circumcincta, Ostertagia ostertagii, Cooperia oncophora, Cooperia mcmasterii, Nematodirus spathiger, Neumatodirus filcollis, Oesophagostomum venulosum and Chabertia ovina. Fenbendazole was 93 per cent and 97 per cent effective at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg respectively in removing infection with adult T colubriformis, and post-treatment worm-egg production was completely suppressed in surviving female worms. No adverse side-effects were observed in treated sheep at either of the two dose rates used.  相似文献   

18.
Oxfendazole liquid suspension (Systamex; Wellcome) was administered orally at the dose of 4.5 mg per kg to 800 indigenous Egyptian sheep clinically affected with Dictyocaulus filaria, Moniezia expansa, Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia circumcincta, Nematodirus spp, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia curticei, Trichuris ovis and Oesophagostomum spp. A 100 per cent clearance was recorded for all parasites with the exception of T ovis which were markedly reduced in number.  相似文献   

19.
Critical anthelmintic tests and controlled trials were used to assess the efficiency of laevo -tetramisole hydrochloride against nematode infections in sheep and cattle.
In sheep, oral dose rates of 5 mg/kg and above were 94 to 100% effective against adult Haemonchus contortus , intestinal Trichostrongylus spp, Nematodirus spp, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum and Chabertia ovina . A dose rate of 7.5 mg/kg was required for consistently high activity against Ostertagia spp, but activity against Trichostrongylus axei remained variable at this dose level. Efficiency against Trichuris ovis ranged from 76 to 100% at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg. The drug was 94 to 100% effective against 7-day old and 14-day old H. contortus , intestinal Trichostrongylus spp and O. colun bianum infections, and 83 to 89% effective against 14-day old Ostertagia spp and T. axei , at a dose rate of 5 mg/kg. Seven-day old Ostertagia spp larvae were highly resistant at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg, while activity against T. axei infections of the same age appeared variable at 5 and 10 mg/kg.
In cattle, subcutaneous treatment at dose rates of 1.5 mg/kg and above, and oral treatment at 7.5 mg/kg, were 93 to 100% effective against adult Haemonchus placei , intestinal Trichostrongylus spp, Nematodirus helvetianus, Cooperia spp and Oesophagostomum radiatum , and 84 to 98% effective against Ostertagia ostertagi . Against Trichostrongylus axei , a rate of 5 mg/kg subcutaneously was 83% effective, and a rate of 7.5 mg/kg orally 97% effective, while these dose rates gave 88 to 100% clearance of adult Dictyocaulus viviparous .  相似文献   

20.
After cryopreservation for 13.3-15.8 years, the viability of the infective larvae (L3) of Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, Oesophagostomum columbianum, Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia circumcincta, T. falculatus, Nematodirus spathiger, Chabertia ovina and Dictyocaulus filaria was assessed in sheep, by being deposited at their predilection sites. D. filaria was, however, an exception, in that the L3 were injected into the jugular vein. The mean development of all the species was 22.8%, but if three species (O. columbianum, C. ovina and D. filaria), that developed poorly are disregarded, then the mean development was 33.4%, similar to previous tests after shorter periods of cryopreservation. The L3 of some of the species appeared sluggish when examined 10-15 min after being thawed, and in the case of H. contortus practically all the larvae of the original batch tested in the previous trials of the series appeared dead when thawed for use in the present trial, and were replaced by another batch of L3 of the same species. When re-examined after about 8 h, however, a high percentage of the L3 of the original batch appeared to have become revitalised, and their viability was tested in a trial reported elsewhere. The intestinal cells of the majority of the L3 of N. spathiger, O. circumcincta and C. ovina were vesiculated when they were thawed. Nevertheless, the degree of development of the former two species was of the highest in the trial, and it can be concluded that this phenomenon does not necessarily impede the viability of larvae.  相似文献   

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