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龙生型花生中的微卫星变异研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本研究用24份龙生型花生资源作研究材料,采用31个微卫星标记引物检测其分子水平上的遗传变异,其中13个引物能在龙生型花生基因组中扩增出多态性DNA片段.研究结果表明,在龙生型花生基因组中,一对SSR引物可扩增出2条以上的DNA片段,扩增片段数最多的是Pm36,在24份龙生型花生资源中扩增出16个大小不同的DNA片段;由这些多态性标记检测出的遗传距离,平均为0.17,最高为0.33,最低为0.03,但能区分所有的24份资源.对分子标记在花生育种和资源鉴定上的利用前景进行了分析讨论. 相似文献
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MFLP分子标记技术在花生上的应用初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用MFLP标记技术对两个栽培种花生DNA进行扩增分析。从160对MFLP引物中筛选出41对多态性条带引物,引物多态率为25.63%;每对多态性引物扩增带数约23～56条（其中多态性条带1～3条）,共检测到差异条带59条;其中约有29条表现显性多态,15对表现共显性多态,共显性标记出现频率为34.09%。研究结果表明,MFLP标记在栽培种花生中具有较丰富的多态性和较高的共显性率,在遗传多样性分析和分子标记辅助育种等方面具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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用磁珠富集法从AFLP片段中分离微卫星DNA标记 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究将花生基因组DNA经酶切后转变成AFLP DNA片段,然后用生物素标记的简单重复序列(SSR)作探针与其杂交,杂交复合物固定到包被有链亲和素的磁珠上,经过一系列的洗涤过程,含有SSR的AFLP片段被吸附在磁珠表面.这些片段经洗脱下来后,先用对应的AFLP引物扩增,再进行克隆和测序,根据SSR两端的保守序列设计引物,经过多态性分析后,便可得到微卫星DNA标记.整个实验过程操作简单、消耗少,可在一周内完成,可作为从植物中分离SSR的一种简单有效的方法. 相似文献
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植物分子标记技术原理及其在茶树育种中的应用 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
本简述了限制性片段长度多态性(restriction fragment length polymorphism，RFLP)、随机扩增多态性DNA(random amplified polymorphic DNA，RAPD)、任意引物PCR(Abitray Primer-PCR，APPCR)微卫星(microsatellite)或称简单序列重复(simple sequence repeat，SSR)、简单重复间序列ISSR(Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat)、序列标签位点(sequence tagged site，STS)技术和割裂扩增多态性(Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence，CAPS)技术，扩增片段长度多态性(amplIfied fragment length polymorphism，AFLP)等植物分子标记技术原理，综述了该技术在茶树分类学及遗传多样性的研究、品种鉴定和亲缘关系鉴定、构建茶树的遗传图谱以及分子标记辅助育种等方面的应用现状。 相似文献
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四川省主要杂交稻亲本的SSR多态性分析和指纹图谱的构建与应用 总被引：54，自引：6，他引：54
利用微卫星标记对四川省主推杂交水稻品种进行了DNA指纹图谱构建和品种鉴定研究。208对引物中具有多态性的引物共123对,占所用引物的59.13%。不同染色体的微卫星分析的多态性不同,第9、10染色体微卫星的多态性高于其他染色体,第12染色体上的微卫星标记的多态性最差,仅为46.15%。42份常用杂交水稻亲本材料聚类分析表明,恢复系和不育系的遗传基础均较狭窄,但恢复系和不育系之间的遗传距离相对较远,从一定程度上反映了遗传距离与杂种优势的正相关。筛选出的各个亲本材料的特异引物或引物组合,能够将某个亲本材料与其他材料相区分。利用这些SSR引物建立了四川省主要杂交水稻亲本的DNA指纹数据库,可以有效地解决杂交水稻及其杂交种的鉴定问题,以及有效地分析各材料间的亲缘关系。从DNA指纹数据库中筛选出D优527的特异引物RM337、RM244和RM346,可以鉴定出D优527中的纯度,与田间鉴定结果一致;在真伪性鉴定中将同一不育系配组的D优527和D优68区分开,说明微卫星鉴定结果是准确可靠的,可用于品种权保护和品种真伪性及纯度鉴定。 相似文献
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IT-ISJ标记在花生上的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
首次报道了IT-ISJ标记在花生的应用效果。采用7对IT-ISJ引物扩增20份花生样品,扩增产物经变性聚丙烯酰胺电泳分离,银染显色。结果表明,每对引物扩增出来的条带数为5～18条,多在10条以上;能很好地揭示野生型花生与其突变体之间的遗传差异;花生野生种多态性程度最高,参试的栽培种四大类型品种,多态性率较低;作图亲本条带的多态性率居中,说明亲本间遗传差异较大,可满足作图需要。提示IT-ISJ标记在花生品种鉴定、突变体鉴定和图谱构建上具有较大应用潜力。 相似文献
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大豆基因组中的微卫星标记 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
微卫星ＤＮＡ是一种简单重复序列,其核心心单位由２０－５相核苷酸组成,两侧一般 序列。由于它具有共显性,多态性高,可进行ＰＣＲ扩增分析,既简单又经济,因此是一种很有价值的分子标记。实验证明大豆的微卫星ＤＮＡ随机分布于基因组中,其核心单位主要是（ＡＴ）ｎ,（ＡＴＴ）ｎ。在人类基因组很大比例铁（ＣＡ）ｎ则很少在大豆中出现。平均每一个微卫星座位有７－１０个等位基因,最高可达２６个。大豆的微卫星标记可扩充现 相似文献
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The New Zealand cicada genus Kikihia Dugdale 1971 exhibits more than 20 contact zones between species pairs that vary widely in their divergence times (between 20,000 and 2 million years) in which some level of hybridization is evident. Mitochondrial phylogenies suggest some movement of genes across species boundaries. Biparentally inherited and quickly evolving molecular markers like microsatellites are useful for assessing gene flow levels. Here, we present six polymorphic microsatellite loci that amplify DNA from seven species across the genus Kikihia; Kikihia “northwestlandica,” Kikihia “southwestlandica,” Kikihia muta, Kikihia angusta, Kikihia “tuta,” Kikihia “nelsonensis,” and Kikihia “murihikua.” The markers were developed using whole-genome shotgun sequencing on the 454 pyrosequencing platform. Moderate to high levels of polymorphisms were observed with 14–47 alleles for 213 individuals from 15 populations. Observed and expected heterozygosity range from 0 to 1 and 0.129 to 0.945, respectively. These new markers will be instrumental for the assessment of gene flow across multiple contact zones in Kikihia. 相似文献
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Brandon J. Schemerhorn Yan Ma Crane Sue E. Cambron Charles F. Crane Richard H. Shukle 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2015,15(1)
Exploration of the biotype structure of Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), would improve our knowledge regarding variation in virulence phenotypes and difference in genetic background. Microsatellites (simple sequence repeats) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are highly variable genetic markers that are widely used in population genetic studies. This study developed and tested a panel of 18 microsatellite and 22 SNP markers to investigate the genetic structure of nine Hessian fly biotypes: B, C, D, E, GP, L, O, vH9, and vH13. The simple sequence repeats were more polymorphic than the SNP markers, and their neighbor-joining trees differed in consequence. Microsatellites suggested a simple geographic association of related biotypes that did not progressively gain virulence with increasing genetic distance from a founder type. Use of the k-means clustering algorithm in the STRUCTURE program shows that the nine biotypes comprise six to eight populations that are related to geography or history within laboratory cultures. 相似文献
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Tapinoma indicum (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a nuisance pest in Asia countries. However, studies on T. indicum are limited, especially in the field of molecular biology, to investigate the species characteristic at the molecular level. This paper aims to provide valuable genetic markers as tools with which to study the T. indicum population. In this study, a total of 143,998 microsatellite markers were developed based on the 2.61 × 106 microsatellites isolated from T. indicum genomic DNA sequences. Fifty selected microsatellite markers were amplified with varying numbers of alleles ranging from 0 to 19. Seven out of fifty microsatellite markers were characterized for polymorphism with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis. All seven microsatellite markers demonstrated a high polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranging from 0.87 to 0.93, with a mean value of 0.90. There is no evidence of scoring errors caused by stutter peaks, no large allele dropout, and no linkage disequilibrium among the seven loci; although loci Ti-Tr04, Ti-Tr09, Ti-Te04, Ti-Te13, and Ti-Pe5 showed signs of null alleles and deviation from the HWE due to excessive homozygosity. In conclusion, a significant amount of microsatellite markers was developed from the data set of next-generation sequencing, and seven of microsatellite markers were validated as informative genetic markers that can be utilized to study the T. indicum population. 相似文献
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利用微卫星DNA标记进行杂交水稻种子纯度鉴定的研究 总被引：34，自引：6，他引：34
利用微卫星分子标记，对湖南目前推广的6个杂交稻组合及其亲本之间的多态性进行了研究。在已筛选的178对引物中，有52对能在一个或多个组合中显示稳定的多态性，杂种表现为父母本互补带型。不同组合间多态性的比例具有差异。用表现多态性的两对引物分别对掺假的威优46和金优207进行纯度鉴定，都能有效地将掺入组合中的假种子区分开。该方法具有准确可靠、多态性高、稳定性好、易于操作的特点。 相似文献
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花生DNA分子标记的研究工花生AFI——Ⅰ分析技术体系的建立与作图杂交亲本的筛选 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
由于缺乏传统遗传标记，花生遗传连锁的报道极为罕见，迄今未发表经典的遗传图谱。发展稳定可靠的AFLP标记，将为基因分型应用于新品种保护、良种保纯、杂种鉴定和种质资源研究提供强有力的技术支撑。研究在建立适合花生AFLP分析的DNA提取流程的基础上，建立了花生AFLP分析的技术方案。AFLP分析结果表明，6个花生杂交亲本间存在一定差异。四对引物共计扩增出307条长度不同的条带。其中多态性条带为160条，占总条带数的52．1％。本研究筛选获得了多态性程度高的杂交亲本，为进一步构建分子连锁图谱创造了条件。 相似文献
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LI Shu-jing XIE Hong-wei QIAN Ming-juan CHEN Guang-hui LI Shao-qing ZHU Ying-guo State 《水稻科学》2012,19(1):14-20
Molecular markers have been widely used in crop genetic improvement,seed test and genetic mapping.Of which,sequence characterized amplified region(SCAR) markers are particularly popular for its diversity,stable reproducibility,and suitability for analyzing large number of samples.In this study,500 random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) primers were tested,and a set of SCAR markers comprising 37 pairs of loci-specific primers were developed from the DNA fragments ranging from 300 to 1000 bp which correspond to the stable,distinctive RAPD banding patterns.Using these SCAR markers,59 hybrid rice combinations were assessed and distinguished into 58 subgroups at the similarity coefficient of 0.97 in a genetic clustering tree based on the allele diversities of the SCAR markers.Furthermore,13 hybrid rice combinations were reassayed with 40 randomly selected simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers to evaluate the effectiveness of these SCAR markers.SSR markers produced similar results to SCAR markers as the 13 hybrid rice combinations were completely separated at the similarity coefficient of 0.91 in the clustering tree established from SSR patterns.Taken together,SCAR markers prove to be effective tools for identifying and differentiating hybrid rice combinations. 相似文献
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大豆SSR分子标记的创制及其应用 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
ＳＳＲ标记（ＳｕｉｍｐｌｅＳｅｑｕｅｎｃｅＲｅｐｅａｔ）具有均匀，随机、广泛地分布于大豆基因组，比ＲＦＬＰ及ＲＡＰＤ分子标记具多态性，呈孟德尔式遗传，共显性等特点。这一标记目前已广泛地应用于大豆分子遗传图谱的构建，分子标记辅助选择，遗传多样性及遗传距离分析，品种鉴别等，随着新的ＳＳＲ株记的面世，遗传图谱更为饱和，这一标记的应用将具有前景，本文介绍了制作ＳＳＲ标记的过程，概述了ＳＳＲ在大豆上的应用进 相似文献
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HE Xiu-ying XU Shi-ping LIAO Yao-ping MAO Xing-xue WENG Ke-nan CHEN Zhao-ming CHEN Yue-han XIAO Wan-sheng 《水稻科学》2004,11(1)
Rice variety Yuexiangzhan and its mutants induced by high pressure were studied using microsatellite markers and soluble protein content analyses. Eleven of the 88 microsatellite primer pairs showed evident polymorphisms repeatedly, and the polymorphic frequencies were 3.4-11.3% between the mutants and Yuexiangzhan. The polymorphic markers were randomly located on chromosomes. The more similar the plant types of the mutants like their original variety, the less polymorphic loci were detected. In addition, there was variation in the soluble protein contents among the leaves of mutants,and the contents were significantly lower than those of the original variety. 相似文献