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1.
粗酶制剂对鹅生长及某些激素的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选用24只7日龄雏鹅,随机分成对照和试验2组。饲以大麦(占45％)基础日粮,试验组添加0.1％的Biokyowa商品粗酶制剂。试验期为7～60日龄,每周称量体重和记录采食量。60日龄时由翅静脉采取血样,分离血浆用于激素测定。结果:试验组体重自3周龄起显著高于对照组,而周增重于2～5周龄显著增高,且该期间的采食量增加,料重比略为下降;血液中GH、IGF-I含量较对照组高36.62％(P<0.05)和66.55％(P<0.01),β-END却下降了51.66％(P<0.01);试验组的TSH、T_3、水平较对照组分别高24.39％(P<0.05)和16.81％(P<0.05),而T_4水平却低18.33(P>0.05),T_3/T_4比值升高。以上结果表明:添加粗酶制剂不仅能改善生长鹅对大麦日粮的消化,而且影响机体的代谢激素,从而促进鹅的生长。 相似文献
2.
采用放射免疫法,测定了不同产奶水平的黑白花奶牛泌乳盛、中、后期血清中T_4和T_3浓度。结果表明:高产牛组、中等产奶水平组和低产牛组之间血清T_4和T_3浓度均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3个产奶水平组的泌乳后期血清浓度(62.27,59.25和66.10nmol/L)均显著高于泌乳盛期(49.00,50.60和50.47nmol/L,P<0.05),3个组母牛血清T_3浓度在整个泌乳期无显著变化(P>0.05)。高、中、低产牛组T_4浓度与日产奶量均呈中等负相关,相关系数分别为-0.62(P<0.01)、-0.51(P<0.05)和-0.54(P<0.01)。 相似文献
3.
试验选用8只平均(15±2)月龄、平均体重(32.08±3.12)kg半同胞内蒙古白绒山羊羯羊,研究自然条件下绒山羊生绒期皮肤脱碘酶(MD)活性与绒毛生长的关系,从酶活性途径探讨绒山羊绒毛生长机理。结果表明:绒毛开始萌发到绒毛生长旺盛期,羊绒生长速度与粗毛生长速度呈高度负相关(r=-0.92,P<0.05);羊绒生长速度与皮肤二型脱碘酶(MDⅡ)活性呈正相关(r=0.95,P<0.05);羊绒生长速度与皮肤三型脱碘酶(MDШ)活性(r=-0.90,P<0.05)及MDШ/MDⅡ比值(r=-0.91,P<0.05)呈负相关;粗毛生长速度与MDⅡ活性存在高度负相关(r=-0.98,P<0.01),与MDШ活性(r=0.90,P<0.05)及MDШ/MDⅡ比值(r=0.97,P<0.01)呈现正相关。因此,皮肤组织中MD活性与绒山羊绒毛生长的生理过程具有相关关系。 相似文献
4.
选用270只21日龄的扬州公鹅,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复15只鹅。采用2×3二因子试验设计,采用两种饲喂方式(自由采食和90%限制饲喂,限制饲喂组鹅饲料供给量为前一天自由采食组饲料消耗量的90%)和低、中、高3个色氨酸(Trp)水平(含量分别为0.14%,0.22%和0.30%),分别对3个不同生长阶段的生长性能和屠宰性能指标进行测定。结果表明,在28～42日龄,与低、高Trp组相比,中Trp组扬州鹅平均日采食量和平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日采食量、平均日增重和饲料转化率有交互作用(P<0.05);在42～56日龄,自由采食组扬州鹅平均日采食量和饲料转化率极显著高于限制饲喂组(P<0.01),平均日增重显著高于限制饲喂组(P<0.05)。与低、高Trp组相比,中Trp组扬州鹅平均日采食量显著提高(P<0.05),Trp水平对平均日增重和饲料转化率无显著影响(P>0.05),饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日采食量有交互作用(P<0.05);在56～70日龄,Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日采食量、平均日增重和饲料转化率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日增重和饲料转化率有交互作用(P<0.05);在28～70日龄,自由采食组扬州鹅平均日采食量和平均日增重极显著高于限制饲喂组(P<0.01)。与低、高Trp组相比,中Trp组扬州鹅平均日采食量和平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),而Trp水平对饲料转化率无显著影响(P>0.05),饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅平均日采食量和平均日增重有交互作用(P<0.05)。自由采食组扬州鹅全净膛率、胸肌率和腹脂率显著高于限制饲喂组(P<0.01),随着Trp水平的增加,扬州鹅胸肌率显著增加(P<0.01),而Trp水平对其他屠宰性能指标无显著影响(P>0.05),饲喂方式和Trp水平对扬州鹅腹脂率有交互作用(P<0.01)。由此可知,饲粮中Trp水平过低或过高均会对扬州鹅生长性能产生不利影响,并且这种不利的影响具有阶段性,因此日粮添加适当水平的Trp能够一定程度改善扬州鹅生长性能。 相似文献
5.
本试验旨在通过探讨饲粮叶酸水平对1～15周龄鹅生长性能、血清生化指标和酶活性及肝脏亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因表达量的影响,以确定在育雏期(1～4周龄)、育成期(5～15周龄)鹅饲粮中叶酸的适宜添加水平。试验选用1日龄青农灰鹅360只,随机分为6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鹅。试验鹅分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(对照组)、1、2、4、8、16 mg/kg叶酸的试验饲粮。试验期15周。结果表明:1)饲粮添加叶酸能显著或极显著提高1～4周龄鹅平均日增重(P<0.05或P<0.01),显著降低1～4周龄鹅料重比(P<0.05),降低死淘率。2)饲粮添加叶酸能显著降低1～4周龄鹅血清葡萄糖含量(P<0.05),显著提高1～4周龄鹅血清甘油三酯含量(P<0.05)。饲粮添加8 mg/kg叶酸可显著降低1～4周龄鹅血清尿素氮含量(P<0.05);添加16 mg/kg叶酸可显著降低5～15周龄鹅血清尿素氮含量(P<0.05)。饲粮添加2～16 mg/kg叶酸可显著降低1～4周龄和5～15周龄鹅血清同型半胱氨酸含量(P<0.05)。3)饲粮添加1、2 mg/kg叶酸可显著提高1～4周龄鹅血清MTHFR活性(P<0.05),显著降低血清二氢叶酸还原酶(DHFR)活性(P<0.01,P<0.05),添加2 mg/kg叶酸可显著降低血清谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性(P<0.05)。饲粮添加2 mg/kg叶酸可显著提高5～15周龄鹅血清M THFR活性(P<0.05)。4)1～4周龄,MTHFR基因表达量与M THFR活性显著正相关(P<0.05),与DHFR活性显著负相关(P<0.05);5～15周龄,MTHFR基因表达量与MTHFR和谷丙转氨酶活性显著负相关(P<0.05)。由以上结果可知:1)根据生长性能建立的回归方程得出,建议鹅饲粮中育雏期叶酸添加水平为2.45 mg/kg,育成期添加水平为2.08 mg/kg;添加叶酸可降低死淘率;2)叶酸水平对鹅血清生化指标和酶活性有重要的调控作用;3)叶酸对鹅肝脏中MTHFR基因的表达量有直接影响,MTHFR基因表达量与MTHFR、DH-FR和谷丙转氨酶活性密切相关。 相似文献
6.
为了研究紫花苜蓿对猪生长及肉质性能的作用,选用16头长×大外二元育肥猪,在基础饲料中添加4%苜蓿,应用免疫组织化学、酶联免疫吸附试验、实时荧光定量PCR研究脂肪代谢相关因子在mRNA水平和蛋白质水平表达的差异。结果显示:饲料中添加苜蓿后,杂交猪骨骼肌细胞中瘦素(leptin)基因(P<0.05)和蛋白(P>0.05)的表达量下降,与日增重呈轻度负相关(r=-0.314);转录因子C/EBPβ(CCAAT/en-hancer binding proteins,CEBPβ)基因和蛋白的表达量变化不明显;过氧化氢酶体激活增殖受体(peroxisome proliterator actiated receptors,PPARr)基因和蛋白水平高于对照组(P>0.05),与日增重(r=-0.837)、瘦肉率(r=-1.000)、pH1(r=-1.000)呈高度负相关,与脂率(r=1.000)、熟肉率(r=1.000)高度正相关;脂联素(adiponectin)基因(P>0.05)和蛋白(P<0.05)表达量高于对照组,与脂率(r=-1.000)、熟肉率(r=-1.000)、胴体重(r=-0.500)、屠宰率(r=-0.500)、肉色评分(r=-0.500)、pH24(r=-0.500),肌内脂肪含量(r=-0.500)负相关,与日增重(r=0.837)、瘦肉率(r=1.000)、pH1(r=1.000)、眼肌面积(r=0.500)、失水率(r=0.500)正相关;脂肪分化相关蛋白(adiposedifferentiation-related protein,ADFP)基因(P>0.05)和蛋白(P<0.05)表达量上调,但与肉质、体增重等指标相关性不大;脂蛋白脂酶(lipo-protein lipase,LPL)基因和蛋白变化不明显,与各项屠宰指标不相关。这些结果表明一定量的紫花苜蓿下调Leptin、通过CEBPβ上调PPARr、ADFP和Adiponectin 3个基因和蛋白的表达,增加猪的日增重、肌内脂肪,影响肉质性状,对LPL的作用较小。这些研究为紫花苜蓿在养猪业中的开发利用奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
7.
本试验旨在研究饲粮不同来源及水平蛋白质对仔鹅生长性能、血清生化指标和氮代谢的影响。采取2×3两因素析因设计,将1日龄江南白鹅公雏504只,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复14只,分别饲喂不同来源（植物性蛋白质和动物性蛋白质）和水平（14.5%、18.5%和22.5%）蛋白质的饲粮,试验期30 d。结果显示：1）饲粮不同来源蛋白质对鹅30日龄体重无显著影响（P>0.05）;饲粮不同水平蛋白质对鹅30日龄体重有显著影响（P<0.05）,18.5%和14.5%蛋白质水平组鹅30日龄体重和平均日增重显著高于22.5%蛋白质水平组（P<0.05）,且18.5%蛋白质水平组鹅30日龄体重和平均日增重最大。2）饲粮不同来源蛋白质对鹅血清生化指标无显著影响（P>0.05）;随饲粮蛋白质水平的提高,鹅血清中尿素氮和尿酸含量显著增加（P<0.05）。3）动物性蛋白质组鹅食入氮和排泄氮显著低于植物性蛋白质组（P<0.05）,氮利用率显著高于植物性蛋白质组（P<0.05）;鹅摄入氮和留存氮随饲粮蛋白质水平的升高而显著升高（P<0.05）;18.5%和22.5... 相似文献
8.
梅花鹿鹿茸生长速度、骨化程度与睾酮、雌二醇、碱性磷酸酶关系的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了进一步阐明鹿茸生长发育机制,以5头雄性梅花鹿为材料,测定了从脱盘到生长停止期间的鹿茸生长速度、相对骨质密度(RBM),血清睾酮,雌二醇含量及碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力。并对这些因素之间的关系作了分析。 测定结果表明,鹿茸从脱盘到停止生长约为120天。在此期间,所测各值变化均显著(P<0.01)。在前75天,鹿茸生长速度、 AKP活力迅速上升,并达到高峰。 RBM缓慢上升,虽与最低值比较差异显著(P<0.01),但上升幅度与75天以后相比则小得多。睾酮含量处于平稳期( P>0.05),雌二醇含量在脱盘后15天出现高峰,到75天降到最低,该期应属于鹿茸生长期。 75天以后,鹿茸生长速度、 AKP活力迅速下降, RBM、睾酮和雌二醇含量快速上升,该期应属于鹿茸骨化期。在生长期和骨化期,生长速度与AKP活力呈正相关(r=0.8);在骨化期,生长速度与RBM呈负相关(r=-0.9),与睾酮、雌二醇含量呈负相关(r=-0.9), RBM与睾酮、雌二醇含量呈正相关( r=0.9)。 相似文献
9.
为研究不同饲粮蛋白质水平对云南半细毛羊空怀母羊生长速度、血清尿素氮(BUN)、瘦素(LEP)和繁殖激素的影响,试验选用50只空怀期云南半细毛羊,平均分为5组,分别饲喂蛋白质水平为8.44%、9.95%、12.31%、13.58%、15.90%的饲粮,试验期为44d,14d预试期和30d正式试验。结果表明:(1)各组初始体重、末重和料重比均差异不显著(P>0.05);组3的日增重较组2显著降低31.00%(P<0.05)、平均日采食量较组2显著降低8.72%(P<0.05),其余各组的日增重和平均日采食量差异不显著(P>0.05);组2的日均蛋白质采食量较组1提高24.04%(P<0.01)、组3较组2提高13.10%(P<0.05)、组4较组3提高14.45%(P<0.01)、组5较组4提高14.85%(P<0.01)。(2)BUN浓度随饲粮蛋白质水平的升高而显著增加(P<0.05),除第3组和第4组外,其余各组间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),且从组2到组5依次较前一组提高34.65%(P<0.01)、34.94%(P<0.01)、7.29%(P<0.05)、10.12%(P<0.01)。(3)组5的LEP浓度较组2显著降低29.23%(P<0.05),较组4降低36.11%(P<0.05),其余各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。本研究中饲粮蛋白质水平为9.95%时表现出较好的采食量和较快的生长速度,而且料重比、BUN相对不高,因此在实际生产中推荐云南半细毛羊母羊空怀期的饲粮蛋白质水平为9.95%。 相似文献
10.
伊普异黄酮对不同生长阶段肉鸡生长性能和有关血清生化指标的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
选用1日龄艾维茵肉鸡100羽,随机分成2组,试验组在基础日粮中添加伊普异黄酮5 mg/kg。试验开始3周后宰杀40羽,6周后宰杀剩余的60羽,研究伊普异黄酮对不同生长阶段肉鸡生长性能的影响。结果显示,添喂伊普异黄酮分别使生长前期公鸡和母鸡增重提高2.21%、0.95%,血清尿酸含量降低27.06%(P<0.05)、1.06%,血清T3水平升高12.4%、9.67%,血清FT3水平升高56.51%(P<0.05)、7.06%;使整个生长期公鸡和母鸡增重提高10.73%(P<0.05)、5.86%,血清尿酸含量降低35.11%(P<0.05)、14.63%,血清T3水平升高42.56%(P<0.05)、73.24%(P<0.05),血清FT3水平升高126.56%(P<0.01)、85.88%(P<0.05),同时血清碱性磷酸酶活性明显升高,血清钙、总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量均明显降低。 相似文献
11.
生长抑素抑制剂——半胱胺促进肉用仔鸡生长的研究 总被引：30，自引：2，他引：28
本研究室的工作已经证明,半胱胺(Cysteamine,CS)能加速大鼠、幼兔的生长。本试验进一步观察CS对红布罗肉用仔鸡生长的作用。21日龄仔鸡30只分为对照和CS实验两组,CS每周口服一次(剂量:100mg/kg体重)。40日后,CS组仔鸡增重比对照组提高5.3％(1299克对1368克)(P<0.05)。CS口服不改变仔鸡的采食量,但料肉比降低了5.7％;血清生长抑素水平明显降低(102.3对43.5pg/ml)(P<0.01),血脉氮含量也显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。 32日龄52只仔鸡进行重复试验,CS实验组每5天给药一次(80mg/kg体重)。58日龄时CS组仔鸡增重比对照组提高7.9％(913.7克对985.5克)(P<0.025),胴体重超过5.5％(P<0.05),腹脂/胴体重比值降低了20.5％。上述结果表明,CS能够抑制SS水平,促进仔鸡生长,并提高饲料转化率,减少体内脂肪含量,改善胴体品质,这些作用均具有一定的生产价值。 相似文献
12.
Takula Tshuma Dietmar Erik Holm Geoffrey Theodore Fosgate Dirk Cornelius Lourens 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(6):1023-1030
This study investigated the association between pre-breeding blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration and reproductive performance of beef heifers within different management systems in South Africa. Bonsmara heifers (n?=?369) from five herds with different estimated levels of nitrogen intake during the month prior to the commencement of the breeding season were sampled in November and December 2010 to determine BUN concentrations. Body mass, age, body condition score (BCS) and reproductive tract score (RTS) were recorded at study enrolment. Trans-rectal ultrasound and/or palpation was performed 4–8 weeks after a 3-month breeding season to estimate the stage of pregnancy. Days to pregnancy (DTP) was defined as the number of days from the start of the breeding season until the estimated conception date. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards survival analysis were performed to estimate the association of pre-breeding BUN concentration with subsequent pregnancy and DTP, respectively. After stratifying for herd and adjusting for age, heifers with relatively higher pre-breeding BUN concentration took longer to become pregnant when compared to those with relatively lower BUN concentration (P?=?0.011). In the herd with the highest estimated nitrogen intake (n?=?143), heifers with relatively higher BUN were less likely to become pregnant (P?=?0.013) and if they did, it was only later during the breeding season (P?=?0.017), after adjusting for body mass. These associations were not present in the herd (n?=?106) with the lowest estimated nitrogen intake (P?>?0.500). It is concluded that Bonsmara heifers with relatively higher pre-breeding BUN concentration, might be at a disadvantage because of this negative impact on reproductive performance, particularly when the production system includes high levels of nitrogen intake. 相似文献
13.
Sechman A Rzasa J Paczoska-Eliasiewicz H 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2003,50(7):333-338
HyLine Brown laying hens at 30 weeks of age were treated twice daily with Fadrozole, a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI; 1 mg/kg body weight; i.m.) for six consecutive days; control hens received saline. Blood was collected every day 0.5 h after oviposition, i.e. just before AI treatment. Ovarian steroids: progesterone (P4), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2), and iodothyronines: thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and reverse-triiodothyronine (rT3) were measured in blood plasma by radioimmunoassay methods. In AI-treated hens a gradual delay in oviposition time was observed. AI significantly decreased P4 and E2 levels, maximally by 43% on day 4 and by 74% on day 5, respectively, and elevated T level, maximally by 248% on day 4. Simultaneously, the increases in T4 and T3 levels with no changes in rT3 levels were observed. The maximal effect of AI on T4 and T3 levels was found on day 4 (60% increase) and day 5 (312% increase), respectively. Moreover, statistically significant, negative coefficient of correlation between E2 and T3 (r = -0.51), and positive coefficient of correlation between T and T3 (r = 0.42) in AI-treated hens were found. The results obtained indicate that in mature laying hens there is a strong relationship between ovarian steroids and thyroid hormones, and suppression of E2 synthesis not only disrupts ovarian function but also affects the activity of the thyroid gland and peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones. 相似文献
14.
Tshuma Takula Fosgate Geoffrey Theodore Hamman Robyn Holm Dietmar Erik 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(7):1883-1891
The objective of this study was to determine if individual beef cows in a herd have an inherent ability to maintain their blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration when exposed to different levels of dietary nitrogen supplementation. Ten Hereford and 12 Nguni cows, aged between 2 and 16 years, were utilized in two crossover experiments. In the first experiment, cows were exposed to two diets: a balanced diet with a crude protein (CP) level of 7.9% and a modified diet with a CP level of 14%, formulated by adding 20 kg of feed grade urea per ton of the balanced diet. At the end of the first crossover experiment, cows received the balanced diet for 1 week. The second component utilized the same cows wherein they were fed the balanced diet in addition to another modified diet containing only 4.4% CP. Blood urea nitrogen concentration was measured 22 times (twice weekly) from each cow during both components of the study. A linear mixed-effects model was used to assess whether baseline BUN concentration (measured 1 week before onset of the study) was predictive of subsequent BUN concentration in individual cows. Breed, cow age, body condition score, and body mass were also evaluated for their effects on BUN concentrations. Albumin, beta hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), glucose, and total serum protein (TSP) were compared between diets within each breed. Baseline BUN concentration was a significant predictor of subsequent BUN concentration in individual cows (P = 0.004) when evaluated over both components of the study. Breed (P = 0.033), the preceding diet (P < 0.001), current diet (P < 0.001), and the week during which sampling was performed (P < 0.001) were also associated with BUN concentration. Results suggest that beef cattle (within a herd) have an inherent ability to maintain their BUN concentration despite fluctuations in levels of available dietary nitrogen.
相似文献15.
Swarup D Naresh R Varshney VP Balagangatharathilagar M Kumar P Nandi D Patra RC 《Research in veterinary science》2007,82(1):16-21
The present study was carried out to assess the endocrine status and liver function in adult cows reared in polluted environment around different industrial units in India.The effect on endocrine system was examined by determination of plasma level of thyroid hormones, thyroxin (T4) (n=269) and triidothyronin (T3) (n=269), stress hormone cortisol (n=266), and reproductive hormones such as estradiol (n=84) and progesterone (n=84) in cows (>3 years) reared around different polluted industrial and non-polluted areas.The respective blood lead and cadmium concentration was also determined in all the cows.The mean plasma levels of both T3 and T4 were significantly (P<0.05) higher around lead zinc smelter (2.43+/-0.26 and 41.1+/-2.9nmol/L) and closed lead cum operational zinc smelter (1.81+/-0.16 and 42.4+/-6.2nmol/L), where the mean blood lead level (0.86+/-0.06 and 0.51+/-0.09mug/ml) was also significantly higher than that of cows (0.07+/-0.01mug/ml) from unpolluted areas.Regression analysis of data from 269 cows revealed a significant (P<0.01) positive correlation between the blood lead and plasma T3 (r=0.287) and T4 (r=0.173).The correlation between thyroidal hormones and the blood cadmium concentration (r=-0.079 and -0.48; P>0.05) was not significant.Plasma cortisol level had also a non-significant (P>0.05) correlation (r=-0.092) with blood lead level.However, the mean cortisol level (4.02+/-1.96nmol/L) of cows in phosphate rock mining areas was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of controls (1.98+/-0.70nmol/L). The mean plasma estradiol level was significantly (P<0.05) higher in cows around closed lead cum operational zinc smelter (47.1+/-19.5pg/ml) than that of the control animals (21.8+/-3.9pg/ml) and in rest of the areas, the difference did not reach the statistical significance (P>0.05).The serum biochemical analysis in 36 cows around lead-zinc smelter with the highest mean blood lead level (0.86+/-0.06mug/ml) amongst all the industrial/urban areas surveyed, and in 15 animals from non-polluted areas revealed a significant positive correlation between blood lead and serum ALT (alanine transaminase) (r=0.688, P<0.01) and AST (aspartate transaminase) (r=0.390, P<0.01) and a negative correlation with serum total lipids (r=-0.337, P<0.05), total protein (r=-0.449, P<0.01) and albumin(r=-0.662, P<0.01). It is concluded from the study that the natural exposure to lead in polluted environments disturbs the endocrine profile and the higher blood lead level alters serum biochemical parameters indicative of liver functions. 相似文献
16.
R C Bull D O Everson D P Olson K W Kelley S Curtis G Tzou 《Journal of animal science》1991,69(2):853-863
A study with neonatal calves was conducted to determine the effects of maternal crude protein (CP) and(or) metabolizable energy (ME) malnutrition, cold stress (0 or 21 degrees C), and age on concentrations of selected serum constituents. For each of 2 yr, 60 artificially bred Angus heifers were assigned randomly to a 2 x 2 factorial nutritional plan 150 d before predicted parturition. The diets provided each heifer with either .32 or .96 kg/d of CP and 8.7 or 12.6 Mcal/d of ME. Blood samples were obtained from heifers at parturition and from their calves at birth and at 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h of age. Sera were analyzed for concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Creat), iron, total protein (TProt), alkaline phosphatase (AlkPhos), total bilirubin (TBil), and cholesterol (Chol). Mean correlations of these constituents in calf sera between 12-h adjacency intervals were high, but those between longer times (48 or 60 h) were low. Simple correlations of serum constituents between cows and calves at birth were low except for BUN (r = .578 and .295 for yr 1 and 2, respectively). There were significant main treatment effects for maternal CP consumption on BUN levels, for environmental temperature on BUN, Creat, and TBil levels, and for years on BUN, Creat, iron, and AlkPhos levels in calves. Significant polynomial relationships were found over hours of age for all variables. Blood urea N decreased in normal calves but remained relatively constant at a low level in deficient calves. Year x hour of age interactions occurred for iron, TProt, AlkPhos, TBil, and Chol. Protein x year x hour of age interactions were found for iron and Chol. These results suggest that random sampling times are not useful for decision making during the first 72 h after birth. Consideration must be given to multiple samples taken at specific calf ages, to environmental temperatures, and to maternal protein nutritional levels when interpreting calf blood sera data. 相似文献
17.
A study was undertaken to investigate the changes of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glucose and alpha-amino nitrogen and their relationship with age, body weight (BW) and plasma growth hormone (GH) in growing buffaloes. For the purpose, six growing female Murrah buffalo calves of 6-8 months of age were selected on the basis of their BW and fed according to Kearl standard (Nutrient Requirements of Ruminants in Developing Countries, International Feedstuffs Institute, Utah State University, Utah, USA, 1982, p. 89) for growing buffaloes (target growth rate 500 g/day) to meet energy and protein requirement of the animals. Blood samples collected at fortnight intervals for 1 year were analysed for plasma NEFA, glucose, alpha-amino nitrogen and GH. The animals were also weighed at fortnight intervals. Plasma NEFA and glucose levels were found to decrease (p < 0.01) with age. Unlike plasma NEFA and glucose, plasma alpha-amino nitrogen level increased (p < 0.01) as the buffaloes become older. Plasma NEFA and glucose concentrations in growing buffaloes were found to be positively correlated with plasma GH (r = 0.379 and 0.420 respectively), but these were non-significant (p > 0.01). However, plasma NEFA and glucose showed a good correlation (p < 0.01; r = 0.780 and 0.652 respectively) with plasma GH per 100 kg live weight. Plasma alpha-amino nitrogen exhibited non-significant (p > 0.01) negative correlation (r = -0.295) with plasma GH but a negative correlation (p < 0.01; r = -0.641) with GH per 100 kg BW. So, plasma metabolites showed a definite pattern of change during growth and these have a significant (p < 0.01) correlation with plasma GH per 100 kg BW than GH. 相似文献
18.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加红三叶异黄酮对肉鸡血液几种内源性激素水平的影响。选取1日龄雄性爱拔益加肉仔鸡240羽,随机分为4组(每组4个重复,每个重复15只),分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(对照组)、10(试验Ⅰ组)、20(试验Ⅱ组)、30 mg/kg(试验Ⅲ组)红三叶异黄酮的试验饲粮。试验持续7周。结果表明:试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的平均日增重显著或极显著高于对照组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。各试验组料重比均低于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。血清生长激素(GH)水平,试验Ⅱ组在21、35和49日龄均显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),试验Ⅰ组在49日龄、试验Ⅲ组在21日龄显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);血清类胰岛素生长因子Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)水平,各试验组在21日龄均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组在49日龄显著高于对照组和其他试验组(P<0.05);血清三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)水平,试验Ⅰ组在35和49日龄、试验Ⅱ组在49日龄均显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);血清四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)水平,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅲ组在35日龄显著低于对照组(P<0.05);血清T3/T4,各试验组在21、35和49日龄均高于对照组,并且在35和49日龄试验Ⅰ组与对照组达到显著水平(P<0.05);血清睾酮(TESTO)水平,各组在21、35和49日龄均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此得出,红三叶异黄酮可通过调节体内GH、IGF-Ⅰ、T3和T4水平来影响肉鸡的生长性能,饲粮中添加20 mg/kg时促生长效果较好。 相似文献
19.
为探讨家兔的体重与血浆瘦素水平及肾功能的关系,将30只断奶,40日龄的健康雌性新西兰白兔按体重编号后,按随机数字表分为正常对照组(n=10),过饲组(n=10)及限饲组(n=10)3个组。分别通过不同的饲养方式,即对照组按兔子的营养标准正常饲喂,过饲组在正常对照组日饲喂量的基础上增加30%,限饲组则在正常对照组日饲喂量的基础上减少30%,饲养12周后,对各组的体重进行差异显著性检验,过饲组和限饲组的体重与对照组比较差异显著,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随后,分别测定血清瘦素(Lp)水平和肾功能指标尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)、肌酐(SCr)、总蛋白(TP)。结果表明,限饲组和过饲组的血清Lp水平均高于对照组,而且限饲组的血清Lp水平甚至高于过饲组(P<0.05);限饲组血清UA、SCr、BUN均高于对照组和过饲组(P<0.05),而过饲组与对照组相比无明显变化;限饲组血清TP低于对照组和过饲组(P<0.05),而过饲组与对照组相比无明显变化。由于动物限饲出现了营养不良、体重降低,会引发肾功能受损并伴随出现高瘦素血症情况;而肾功能受损和高水平的血清瘦素则加剧了机体的营养不良,从而导致体重的进一步下降。 相似文献
20.
Zulu VC Sawamukai Y Nakada K Kida K Moriyoshi M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(10):879-885
The relationship among nutritional status, systemic insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and ovarian function early postpartum were investigated. A total of 27 Holstein-Friesian cows, 10 that cycled normally within 20 days postpartum, 5 diagnosed with follicular cysts, 8 with persistent corpus luteum (CL) after the first ovulation postpartum and 4 with inactive ovaries were used for the study. Blood samples were collected 1-3 times per week, for 60 days pre- and postpartum, for IGF-I, progesterone, estradiol, free fatty acids (FFA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) determination. Inactive ovary and cystic cows had a higher body condition score before calving and lost more condition than normal or persistent CL cows. Immediately postpartum, IGF-I levels were higher and rose sharply in cows that cycled normally than in cystic, inactive ovary or persistent CL cows. At calving and early postpartum, FFA was higher in inactive ovary and cystic than in normal and persistent CL cows. There was a significant strong positive relationship between IGF-I and BUN, and strong negative relationships between IGF-I and FFA and AST in all groups. There was a positive relationship between serum IGF-I and estradiol in normal cystic and inactive ovary cows. This study found that overconditioned cows during the dry period or at calving, lost more body condition postpartum. These cows also had a deeper and longer period of negative energy balance (NEB), poor liver function and low circulating IGF-I concentrations early postpartum. Such cows were likely to have poor reproductive function as seen in development of cystic ovaries, persistent CL and inactive ovary. Changes in serum IGF-I early postpartum may help predict both nutritional and reproductive status in dairy cattle. 相似文献