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1.
雉鸡类雏鸟维生素Ｅ缺乏症的治疗１发病情况１９９５年６月下旬，我园孵化室内孵出一群小雉鸡，共７７羽（包括德国山鸡、红腹锦鸡等）。出壳２４小时后放入育雏箱饲养，在１周后转入笼架上饲养。起初精神食欲均正常，在１８日龄左右时，雏鸡陆续出现姿势异常，常蹲下、不... 相似文献
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乌骨鸡四个群体间血浆蛋白(酶)多态性及其遗传关系研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法随机测定了雪峰乌骨鸡３个群体（白色片羽、黄色片羽和黑色片羽）和黑凤乌骨鸡群体（黑色丝羽）的血浆蛋白（酶）多态性，结果表明：前白蛋白（Ｐａ）、转铁蛋白（Ｔｆ）、后转铁蛋白（Ｐｔｆ）和酯酶（Ｅｓ—１和Ｅｓ—２）诸生化基因座位均显示出遗传多态现象。Ｐａ、Ｔｆ和Ｅｓ—１有２—３条酶带；Ｐｔｆ只有１条带，根据迁移率和带谱特性判为ＡＡ型；Ｅｓ—２区也只有一条带，其多态性表现为带的有或无。借助所测座位的基因频率计算了各群体平均基因杂合度和Ｅｕｌｉｄｅａｎ遗传距离，结果表明：各群体的平均基因杂合度均较低（０．１８４～０．２０４）；白色片羽和黑色片羽乌骨鸡遗传距离最小（０．０４２），血缘关系最近；它们与黄色片羽乌骨鸡遗传关系也较近（０．０６７），黑凤鸡与雪峰乌骨鸡３个群体的遗传关系相对较远（０．１２０）。 相似文献
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雏鸡断喙服用ＶＫ４引起中毒的诊治孙宝权（江苏省洪泽朱坝唐曹养殖场）一、发病情况：本县某鸡场饲养４５００羽海兰蛋鸡１—７日龄生长发育良好，原定于９日龄断喙，在７日龄按每公斤料６００ｍｇ，４００ｍｇ分上下午进行群体投服ＶＫ４投服后３—４小时，出现死亡８只... 相似文献
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1998年4～8月对哈尔滨动物园人工繁殖的丹顶鹤、白枕鹤和蓑羽鹤雏鸟的体温进行了连续测量。1～11日龄,3种鹤雏鸟体温调节能力由强到弱依次为：白枕鹤-蓑羽鹤-丹顶鹤。12～16日龄,其顺序变为：蓑羽鹤-白枕鹤-丹顶鹤。17日龄后,丹顶鹤雏鸟体温调节能力跃居首位,其他2种鹤的雏鸟体温调节能力基本相同。丹顶鹤雏鸟体温达到恒定,体温调节能力完全建立的时间为20日龄,比另2种雏鸟体温达到恒定,体温调节能力完善的时间均提前。当3种鹤雏鸟体温调节机能发育完善之后,不再依赖于外界环境温度,靠自身内部器官的调节并借助于羽毛的保温性能,即可维持自身体温。 相似文献
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褐马鸡的人工孵化和育雏 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作者在１９９２—１９９４年对褐乌鸡（Ｃｒｏｓｓｏｐｔｉｌｏｎｍａｎｔｃｈｕｒｉｃｕｍ）的人工孵化和育雏进行观察研究，其中褐马鸡成乌６组１４只、卵２９８枚、雏鸟５６只。结果表明：褐马鸡的受精率平均为６８．５０％。卵的大小为５８．３９（４９．３０—６３．７０）×４２．７７（３４．１０—４８．４０）ｍｍ；卵重为５８．００（４．３０—６７．００）ｇ；卵型指数为１．３４４（１．１５３—１．６１２）；重量系数为０．５４５（０．４３６—０．６４３）；出雏率平均为７３．４５％，孵化期平均为２７．８（２６．０—２８．８）ｄ。印在孵化（２５ｄ）期失重为６．６５７±０．６８７ｇ、日失重为０．２６４±０．０２８ｇ，失重率为１１．１６±１．００２％，日失重率为０．４４８±０．０４２％，初生雏重为４２．７２（３．８０—５９．９０）ｇ。幼鸟（１８０日龄）成活率为７５．０５％。 相似文献
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一、雏鸟的生长发育灰头鹀雏鸟的生长发育、与一般雀形目鸟类很相类似。刚出壳时全身仅前额、眼泡之问,头顶、枕部、两翅、肩部、背中线和股沟处有成丛生长的灰色绒羽、其余均裸出无羽。皮肤嫩黄色。嘴角膜白色,基部桃红 相似文献
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１剖解变化：鸡整个肠道弥漫性出血。肠道淋巴细胞聚集处肿大并轻微出血。盲肠扁桃体肿大，出血明显。腺胃乳头出血，浆膜面有尿酸盐沉积，腺胃与肌胃交界处出血，肌胃角质层下出血。泄殖腔内有大量尿酸盐稀粪。喉头、气管、心脏表面、肝脏周围都有白色尿酸盐沉积。患鸡的新城疫免疫情况为：４日龄新城疫苗Ⅳ系＋传染性支气管炎疫苗饮水１羽份／只，１４日龄新城疫苗Ⅳ系＋传染性支气管炎疫苗饮水１羽份／只，２４日龄新城Ⅳ饮水１羽份／只，３４日龄新城Ⅳ饮水１羽份／只。２实验室———ND血凝（HA）和血凝抑制（HI）试验２．１试验准… 相似文献
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2011年1～5月,对徐州睢宁养殖场的10只黑天鹅雏鸟的体重、体长、尾长、嘴峰、嘴裂及跗跖等外部特征和体温进行测定,运用Logistic生长曲线进行回归分析。其生长曲线均呈＂S＂型,显示出雏鸟外部体征发育呈现一定的顺序,符合重要功能优先发育的原则。（1）1～5日龄,雏鸟的体重呈下降趋势;雏鸟的嘴峰、跗跖基本不生长;体温升高迅速但体温调节能力还未健全。（2）6～30日龄,雏鸟体重开始增长;嘴峰生长迅速;体温逐渐上升,体温调节能力迅速增强。（3）31～90日龄,体重迅速增长;跗跖生长迅速,体温逐渐达到恒定。（4）90～120日龄,体重及各外部体征的生长都很缓慢,体型已接近成体,不断完善身体各部的机能。 相似文献
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试验为６（限饲方式）×２（性别）的完全随机设计，每处理组４个重复，每重复１５只鸡。６种限饲方式为：（１）Ｒｅｓ－０（自由采食）；（２）Ｒｅｓ－１（第７日龄禁饲） ；（３）Ｒｅｓ－２（第７、１４日龄禁饲） ；（４）Ｒｅｓ－３（第７、１４、２１日龄禁饲） ；（５）Ｒｅｓ－４（第７、１４、２１、２８日龄禁饲）；（６）Ｒｅｓ－５（第７、１４、２１、２８、３５日龄禁饲）。禁饲指停饲２４ ｈ。结果４２日龄时处理１、２、３组间鸡体重无显著差异，但第４、５、６处理组体重明显低于１、２、３处理组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）… 相似文献
11.
C P Freeman 《British poultry science》1979,20(1):27-37
The "available" tryptophan requirements of male and female broiler chicks were determined at 7-d intervals from 0 to 56 d, using a diet-dilution technique. Availability of tryptophan in the diets was estimated by growth assay with chicks. 2. The tryptophan requirements were 2.4 (males) and 2.2 g/kg of diet (female) from 0-7 d, and 1.7 g/kg (males and females) from 7-35 and 35-56 d. The absolute requirement of the chick for tryptophan increased with age and was significantly different for male and female birds. 3. A highly significantly predictive equation relating tryptophan requirement to mean body weight and gain was established. 相似文献
12.
Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis burden in broiler breeder chicks genetically associated with vaccine antibody response 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The relationship between antibody response to Salmonella enteritidis vaccine and internal organ burden of S. enteritidis is not fully understood. The genetic relationship, therefore, between postchallenge S. enteritidis burden and antibody response to S. enteritidis vaccine was determined in broiler breeder chicks. Sibling chicks from a broiler breeder male line were either inoculated with a pathogenic S. enteritidis or vaccinated with a commercial S. enteritidis vaccine. Spleen, liver, cecal wall, and cecal content samples from S. enteritidis-challenged chicks (n = 120) were cultured for enumeration of bacteria. Unchallenged chicks (n = 314) were vaccinated at 11 days of age, and serum samples were taken at 10 days postvaccination. Antibody response to vaccination and number of S. enteritidis in cecal content cultures were negatively correlated (-0.772), demonstrating that genetic potential for greater antibody response to S. enteritidis vaccine is associated with lesser S. enteritidis bacterial burden in cecal content of broiler breeder chicks. The findings suggest that genetic selection for vaccine antibody responsiveness can lower bacterial burden in the gut lumenal content and, thus, potentially reduce contamination of poultry products at processing. 相似文献
13.
灌注寡肽与游离氨基酸对来航公鸡氨基酸吸收及循环中肽的影响 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
试验比较研究了在麻醉条件下来航公鸡十二指肠灌注酪蛋白水解物寡肽（COP）与游离氨基酸（FAA）对门静脉血液中氨基酸和肽的影响。结果表明：灌注后10分钟，COP组门静脉总氨基酸（TAA）含量显著地（P＜0．05）高于相同组成的等摩尔浓度的FAA1组和等百分浓度的FAA2组。FAA2与FAA1组相比，一些氨基酸含量有升高的趋势，但仅个别氨基酸显著（P＜0．05）高于FAA1组。COP组门静脉血浆游离氨基酸含量，除赖氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、脯氨酸、组氨酸外，其它氨基酸都显著（P＜0．05）或极显著（P＜0．01）高于FAA1和FAA2组。在饥饿状态及灌注COP和FAA1、FAA2后，门静脉血浆中肽结合氨基酸（PBAA）分别占39．23％，35．63％，45．89％和52．63％。其中谷氨酸、丝氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸比例较高，它们与其它一些氨基酸存在显著（P＜0．05）或极显著（P＜0．01）正相关。GPLC分析结果显示：灌注COP和FAA后门静脉血浆的肽量均极显著地（P＜0．01）高于饥饿对照状况，COP组鸡门脉血浆中总量和一些肽量显著高于FAA组（P＜0．01）。试验证实，鸡村寡肽的氨基酸吸收快于游离氨基酸，一部分可以完整的形式吸收进入血液循环。给予肠道FAA也会改变循环中的肽量。 相似文献
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1. Male chicks hatched from eggs heavier than 60 g weighed more (P less than 0-05) than female chicks from eggs of similar weight. 2. The weight of the residual yolk was similar in both sexes. 3. It is concluded that male embryos are better able to utilise the energy supplies in the egg, particularly after the 18th day of incubation. 相似文献
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以尼克红商品蛋鸡鸡胚和出壳雏鸡为材料，分析了不同出雏时间雏鸡性比例的变化，旨在探讨出雏时间与雏鸡性别的关系及鸡胚在孵化期不同性别生长发育的规律，为精细调控孵化条件和制定鸡苗销售计划提供依据。结果表明，不同时间出壳的雏鸡，性比例存在明显差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),并呈现出明显的规律性。在20d12h之前出壳的母雏比公雏多，20d时母雏比例最高(公母性比值为0.268±0.054)；其后公雏比例增加，到21d时公雏比例最高(公母性比值为2．184±0．090）；此后，母雏比例又逐渐增加。到21d16h时公母比例降低到1.453±0.099;但接近出雏结束时，公雏比例又有所回升，至出雏结束时，公母比例上升为1.75±0.057。 相似文献
16.
0～21和22～42日龄黄羽肉鸡可消化蛋氨酸需要量的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验一和试验二分别选用1日龄和22日龄岭南黄鸡各2 000只和1 600只,按性别和体重分成10处理组(公、母鸡各5组),每组4重复栏,每栏50(试验一)和40只鸡(试验二)。2个试验均采用5(饲粮蛋氨酸水平)×2(性别)两因子试验设计,试验一和二分别设0.35%、0.40%、0.45%、0.50%和0.55%以及0.30%、0.35%、0.40%、0.45%和0.50%5个饲粮蛋氨酸水平。结果表明:随着饲粮蛋氨酸水平提高,0～21日龄和22～42日龄公、母鸡每日总蛋氨酸摄入量和真可消化蛋氨酸摄入量呈线性或二次曲线升高(P<0.05);0～21日龄公、母鸡的日增重呈二次曲线升高(P<0.05),0～21日龄和22～42日龄公、母鸡的饲料增重比呈二次曲线降低(P<0.05或0.1)。可见,在基础饲粮中添加适量蛋氨酸改善了黄羽肉鸡的生产性能。根据二次回归模型估测黄羽肉鸡获得最佳生产性能95%处的总蛋氨酸需要量和真可消化蛋氨酸需要量,0~21日龄母鸡为0.433%~0.435%和0.404%~0.406%,公鸡为0.445%~0.454%和0.416%~0.425%,22～42日龄母鸡为0.463%和0.437%,公鸡为0.375%和0.349%。 相似文献
17.
Yoshimitsu Ouchi Vishwajit S. Chowdhury Takashi Bungo 《The Journal of Poultry Science》2021,58(4):280
This study aimed to investigate the effects of thermal conditioning and folic acid on the methylation levels of the avian brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promoter region at the M3 and M9 positions in the early life of broiler chicks. In Experiment 1, male broiler chicks (day 3 of life) were orally injected with methyl cellulose solution with or without folic acid (25 mg). The chicks in the heat-treatment groups were immediately exposed to a high ambient temperature (40±0.5°C) for 12 h, while chicks in the non-heat treatment groups were left in the thermoneutral zone (30±0.5°C). The groups were as follows: 1) no thermal conditioning group without folic acid (control), 2) thermal conditioning group without folic acid, 3) no thermal conditioning group with folic acid, and 4) thermal conditioning group with folic acid. In Experiment 2, treatments were similar to those in Experiment 1, except for the usage of female chicks. After the treatments, the methylation levels of the BDNF promoter in chicks were determined using semiquantitative PCR. There were no significant differences between groups in the levels of methylation at the M3 position in both males and females as a result of thermal conditioning and folic acid treatment. Interestingly, significant effects of thermal conditioning and folic acid treatment on methylation at the M9 position were found. BDNF methylation levels at M9 significantly decreased following thermal conditioning, while folic acid suppressed demethylation in both male and female chicks. These data suggest that folic acid and thermal conditioning affects DNA methylation patterns in the central nervous system of chicks, regardless of sex. 相似文献
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An experiment was undertaken to determine if dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) influences the early stage of the inflammatory response caused by a single injection of Salmonella enteritidisi lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in male broiler chicks. Chicks (7 days old) were fed either 0 or 10 g CLA/kg in their diet for 21 days. At 28 days old, birds were injected intraperitoneally with 1.5 mg LPS/kg body weight after 12 h fasting. Changes in feed intake, rectal temperature and plasma α‐1 acid glycoprotein and ceruloplasmin concentrations were measured during 24 h after LPS injection. Chicks fed the CLA diet were fed more feed for 24 h, had a lower rectal temperature at 9 and 24 h and a lower plasma α‐1 acid glycoprotein concentration at 24 h after LPS injection than chicks fed the basal diet. Plasma ceruloplasmin concentration tended to be lower in chicks fed the CLA diet than in chicks fed the basal diet. The results suggest that dietary CLA alleviate undesirable early inflammatory response due to LPS injection in male broiler chicks. 相似文献
20.
试验旨在研究不同饲养阶段快大型黄羽肉鸡异亮氨酸需要量。分别选取0、22和43日龄快大型岭南黄鸡2400、2160和1920只,按照性别和体重随机分为8个异亮氨酸梯度水平饲粮处理,每个处理6个重复(栏),公、母各3个重复,0~21、22~42、43~63日龄3个阶段每栏分别为50、45和40只鸡。各阶段基础饲粮异亮氨酸水平分别为0.55%、0.50%和0.45%。3个阶段各处理组饲粮均在基础饲粮中呈梯度添加异亮氨酸,组间间隔水平均为0.05%,各处理饲粮除异亮氨酸外其他营养水平均一致。试验鸡地面平养,自由采食颗粒料和自由饮水。结果显示,异亮氨酸水平和性别对3个阶段鸡生长性能均有显著影响,且异亮氨酸水平和性别间存在显著互作效应(P<0.05)。随着异亮氨酸水平提高,平均日增重和料重比均呈显著或极显著二次曲线变化(P<0.05;P<0.01)。双斜率折线模型预测结果显示,0~21日龄阶段,公鸡、母鸡和公母混合鸡群的异亮氨酸需要量,以平均日增重为衡量指标分别为0.77%、0.72%和0.73%,以料重比为衡量指标分别为0.75%、0.70%和0.73%;22~42日龄阶段,公鸡、母鸡和公母混合鸡群的异亮氨酸需要量,以平均日增重为衡量指标分别为0.68%、0.64%和0.66%,以料重比为衡量指标分别为0.66%、0.62%和0.64%;43~63日龄阶段,公鸡、母鸡和公母混合鸡群的异亮氨酸需要量,以平均日增重为衡量指标分别为0.64%、0.59%和0.61%;以料重比为衡量指标分别为0.61%、0.57%和0.59%。黄羽肉鸡异亮氨酸营养需要量随日龄增加而降低,各个饲养阶段公鸡的异亮氨酸需要量均显著高于母鸡,以料重比为评定指标得到异亮氨酸营养需要量低于以平均日增重为衡量指标得的需要量推荐值。 相似文献