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野生桑黄菌固体培养基配方的优化试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
桑黄菌是一种具有重要开发价值的药用真菌。以菌丝日均生长速度为指标,比较野生桑黄菌在玉米粉综合培养基、马铃薯综合培养基、木生菌标准培养基上的生长情况,结果表明野生桑黄菌在玉米粉综合培养基上的日均生长速度最快。在选择葡萄糖为碳源,玉米粉+蛋白胨为氮源的基础上,通过L9(34)正交试验设计优化野生桑黄菌固体培养基的配方为:20g/L葡萄糖,20g/L玉米粉,1g/L蛋白胨,0.3g/L MgSO4,2g/L KH2PO4,20g/L琼脂。 相似文献
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《蚕业科学》2022,(1)
桑黄是一种珍贵的大型药用真菌,包含纤孔菌属、针层孔菌属和嗜蓝孢孔菌属中的多个种。对采自陕西省榆林市桑树上的野生桑黄子实体进行组织分离、形态学鉴定和系统发育分析,证明分离的菌株属于桑黄类真菌粗毛纤孔菌(编号ZA-14)。采用单因素试验法对该真菌的培养特性进行研究,确定ZA-14菌丝生长的最适温度为28～30℃,最适pH为8～9,最佳碳源为可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为酵母浸粉。采用平板培养法对固体培养基进行优化,确定在每100 mL PDA培养基中添加10 mL桑枝木屑煮出液即可显著促进菌丝生长,而玉米芯对菌丝生长起抑制作用。采用高效液相色谱法从ZA-14菌株人工栽培桑黄子实体中检测到hispolon、hispidin、原儿茶酸、麦角甾醇和腺苷5种标志性药用成分,其中原儿茶酸、麦角甾醇和腺苷含量显著高于一年生和多年生野生桑黄。 相似文献
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桦褐孔菌多糖对弓形虫感染小鼠基因表达谱的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨桦褐孔菌多糖对感染弓形虫小鼠基因表达谱的影响,并对其抗虫机理进行分析。BABL/C小鼠腹腔接种RH株弓形虫速殖子103个,建立小鼠弓形虫感染模型。将小鼠随机分成3组:空白对照组、感染对照组、桦褐孔菌多糖治疗组。采集动物肝脏迅速冻存,提取总RNA,检测RNA质量,扩增RNA,进行芯片杂交,扫描后进行数据分析。结果:经SOM分析筛选出桦褐孔菌多糖治疗组的有效差异基因,并对其进行功能注释,分析其治疗弓形虫的主要原因。结果表明:桦褐孔菌多糖可有效治疗弓形虫感染引起的病理损伤,其抗弓形虫机理是通过调节宿主细胞因子水平,促进Th1/Th2平衡,控制Toll样受体信号通路以及对机体整体调控达到抗弓形虫目的。 相似文献
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桦褐孔菌多糖对感染弓形虫小鼠治疗作用及其对血清中细胞因子含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
建立小鼠弓形虫病模型后,将小鼠随机分成6组,统计小鼠存活率及时间,再应用ELISA检测血清中IFN-γ、IL-2等细胞因子水平,以检测桦褐孔菌多糖对感染弓形虫小鼠的治疗效果及对小鼠血清中IFN-γ、IL-2细胞因子水平的影响。结果表明,桦褐孔菌多糖中剂量组小鼠存活率最高;桦褐孔菌多糖的高、中剂量组IFN-γ水平极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),高剂量组IL-2水平与其他各组比较差异极显著(P<0.01);除感染组外,其余各组IFN-γ、IL-2均在第6天出现峰值。说明桦褐孔菌多糖中剂量治疗弓形虫感染小鼠效果最好,并且中剂量可使小鼠血清中IFN-γ、IL-2值升高到适当水平,有效改善弓形虫感染对小鼠的伤害。 相似文献
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为研究西藏"一江两河"流域高山草甸和灌丛草场的时空变化特征,在牧草发青季(2017年7月份)、丰草季(2017年9月份)和枯草季(2018年3月份),对不同海拔梯度林周河谷南山阴坡和北山阳坡草地进行调查分析。结果表明:(1)林周河谷南山阴坡低海拔处以白草为优势种,海拔升高100 m左右时出现灌丛植被类型;山坡中段为草甸草场,主要以高山嵩草和苔草为主。总盖度最高月份为7—9月,随海拔升高,盖度相应增加,不同季节同一海拔高度总盖度间均差异不显著(P>0.05),而不同海拔高度、同一季节中总盖度差异极显著(P<0.01)。(2)季节显著影响牧草含水率(P<0.01),可饲用牧草含水率7—9月份最高,10月份后随牧草枯萎而下降,进入冬季降至0%;同一季节不同海拔梯度中,低海拔和中段海拔可饲用牧草中含水率较高。(3)不同季节可饲用牧草的产草量间差异极显著(P<0.01),单位面积总可饲用牧草产草量10月末最高,夏秋季最低;随海拔高度升高,可饲用牧草的产草量显著增高(P<0.05)。(4)经三维响应曲线拟合,总盖度y、海拔梯度x_1、月份x_2之间的关系为:y=a_1+a_2×x_2~2+a_3×x_1+a_4×x_2(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4分别为-657.137 4、-0.882 8、0.167 1、12.507 0);含水率y、海拔梯度x1、月份x2的关系为:y=a_1+a_2×x_2~2+a_3×x_1+a_4×x_2(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4分别为-146.147 1、-3.883 9、-0.010 0、62.100 6);产草量y、海拔梯度x1、月份x2的关系为:y=a_1+a_2×x_2~2+a_3×x_1+a_4×x_2(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4分别为-131.065 5、2.977 2、0.069 0、-36.511 1)。结论:通过研究,建立了林周河谷南山阴坡主要高山草甸放牧草场的总盖度、含水率与产草量的立体时空变化特征;北山阳坡主要为高山灌丛,非天然放牧场所,作为饲用牧场,研究意义不大。 相似文献
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Paul Y Barthez DVM René Léveillé DVM Peter V Scrivani DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1997,38(5):387-393
Side lobes and grating lobes are both unwanted parts of the ultrasound beam emitted off axis that produce image artifacts due to error in positioning the returning echo. The purpose of this study was to reproduce artifacts associated with side lobes and grating lobes in vitro using different transducer types and recognize these artifacts in vivo. A phantom, composed of a water bath, a metallic wire, and a wooden tongue depressor, was imaged using a linear array, a curved linear array, a vector array, and a sector mechanical transducer. When imaging the metallic wire in a transverse plane, an echogenic artifact was constantly seen on each side of the wire, with a shape and intensity variable with the transducer type. The artifact was curvilinear and concave (linear and curved linear arrays), or curvilinear and convex (vector array and the mechanical transducer). When the tongue depressor was imaged in a longitudinal plane, the artifact was a straight line (linear array), a curved convex line(curved array), a series of convex curvilinear echo (vector array) or a small convex curvilinear echo (mechanical transducer). In vivo situations similar to the phantom experiment were investigated using clinical patients. Artifacts produced in vitro were recognized in vivo when a highly reflective object (urinary bladder wall) was imaged adjacent to an anechoic region (urine). These artifacts corresponded to the principle of secondary ultrasound lobes, and were therefore interpreted as such. 相似文献
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Francesco Abbate Maria Cristina Guerrera Maria Levanti Rosaria Laurà Giuseppe Montalbano Mauro Cavallaro Antonino Germanà 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(1):51-59
The leopard gecko is a crepuscular and insectivorous reptile. The role of the tongue in this reptile is fundamental for the prey capture and ingestion and is not related with eyes cleaning as usual in other geckos. The elongated tongue can be divided into a foretongue with a slightly bifurcated apex and a hindtongue. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that several different papillae are present on the dorsal surface, foliate and dome-shaped in the foretongue, becoming thicker and stouter with reduced interpapillary spaces in the lateral parts. The hindtongue is characterised by wide foliate papillae with indented margins and deep fissures of the mucosa. Light microscopy showed the presence of a stratified slightly keratinized squamous epithelium in the apex of the foretongue, a stratified non-keratinized squamous epithelium in the fore and in the hindtongue. In the foretongue, numerous muciparous caliciform cells were observed. Moreover, the presence of taste buds on the tongue ventral surface was demonstrated for the first time in this species and the confocal laser study revealed a strong immunoreactivity for the S-100 protein in the sensory cells. Therefore, the results obtained could give a contribution to the knowledge of the tongue anatomy and are a basis for eventual further studies regarding the feeding habits in a reptile become a popular pet. 相似文献
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《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2015,163(1-2):16-22
Diagnosis of chronic progressive lymphoedema (CPL) in draught horses, including the Belgian Draught Horse, is mainly based on clinical evaluation of typical lower limb lesions. A deficient perilymphatic elastic support, caused by a pathological elastin degradation in skin and subcutis, has been suggested as a contributing factor for CPL. Elastin degradation products induce the generation of anti-elastin Ab (AEAb), detectable in horse serum by ELISA. For a clinically healthy group of draught horses, a significantly lower average AEAb-level than 3 clinically affected groups (mild, moderate and severe symptoms) was demonstrated previously. To improve CPL-diagnosis, we evaluated the AEAb-ELISA as an in vitro diagnostic aid in individual horses. Test reproducibility was assessed, performing assays independently in 2 laboratories on a total of 345 horses. Possible factors associated with AEAb-levels (age, gender, pregnancy, test lab and date of blood collection) were analyzed using a mixed statistical model. Results were reproducible in both laboratories. AEAb-levels in moderately and severely affected horses were significantly higher than in healthy horses. Nevertheless, this was only demonstrated in barren mares, and, there was a very large overlap between the clinical groups. Consequently, even when a high AEAb cut-off was handled to obtain a reasonable specificity of 90%, a very low sensitivity (21%) of AEAb for CPL-diagnosis was obtained. Results on the present sample demonstrate that the described ELISA procedure is of no use as a diagnostic test for CPL in individual horses. 相似文献