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1.
XIE Yan-juan YANG Hai-ming SHENG Dong-feng LI Yan-pin JIN Shi-lei WANG Zhi-yue 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(4):960-966
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary fiber sources on intestine tissue morphology changes of adult Yangzhou geese.Eighteen Yangzhou geese with 25 weeks old were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 geese per group, namely:Rice husk meal group, alfalfa meal group and Chinese wildrye group.At the end of the test, all geese were weighed, slaughtered and intestinal tract were collected to observe intestine tissue morphology.The results showed as follows:① No significant differences were found in the length of the duodenum and jejunum among three groups (P>0.05), ileum length of rice husk meal group was significantly higher than of alfalfa meal and Chinese wildrye groups (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found between alfalfa meal group and Chinese wildrye group (P>0.05).② Duodenal villus height, villus width, crypt depth and muscle thickness of rice husk meal group were significantly higher than that of alfalfa meal group and Chinese wildrye group (P<0.05), where the crypt depth and V/C of Chinese wildrye group were significant different from alfalfa meal group (P<0.05).Jejunum villus height of rice husk meal group and Chinese wildrye group were significantly higher than alfalfa meal group (P<0.05), while crypt depth was significant lower than alfalfa meal group (P<0.05)with no significant differences founding between rice husk meal group and Chinese wildrye group (P>0.05).Muscle thickness of rice husk meal group were significantly higher than alfalfa meal group (P<0.05).Ileac villus height of Chinese wildrye group was significantly higher than the rest groups (P<0.05) and villus width of three groups showed significant differences (P<0.05), rice husk meal group was the biggest.V/C of Chinese wildrye group were significant higher than the other two groups (P<0.05), and muscle thickness of Chinese wildrye group was significantly higher than rice husk meal group and alfalfa group (P<0.05).In conclusion, the different sources of dietary fiber could significantly affect intestinal tissue morphology of adult Yangzhou geese. 相似文献
2.
本试验旨在研究不同纤维源对成年扬州鹅肠道组织形态变化的影响。选用18只健康、体重相近的25周龄扬州鹅公鹅,随机分为3组,即:稻壳粉组、苜蓿草粉组、羊草粉组,每组6只。试验期28 d,试验期末将试验鹅处死并留取各肠段组织,称重并观察肠道组织形态。结果表明:①不同纤维源对十二指肠和空肠长度影响差异不显著(P>0.05),稻壳草粉组回肠长度显著高于苜蓿草粉组与羊草粉组(P<0.05),苜蓿草粉组与羊草粉组差异不显著(P>0.05)。②稻壳粉组十二指肠绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、隐窝深度、肌层厚度均显著高于苜蓿草粉组与羊草粉组(P<0.05),其中苜蓿草粉组隐窝深度、V/C与羊草粉组差异显著(P<0.05);稻壳粉组与羊草粉组空肠绒毛高度显著高于苜蓿草粉组(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著低于苜蓿草粉组(P<0.05),稻壳粉组与羊草粉组间均差异不显著(P>0.05),稻壳粉组肌层厚度显著高于苜蓿草粉组(P<0.05);羊草粉组回肠绒毛高度显著高于苜蓿草粉组与稻壳粉组(P<0.05),3组间绒毛宽度差异显著(P<0.05),且以稻壳粉组最大,羊草粉组V/C显著高于苜蓿草粉组和稻壳粉组(P<0.05),羊草粉组肌层厚度显著低于苜蓿草粉组与稻壳草粉组(P<0.05)。由此可知,不同纤维源可显著影响25周龄扬州鹅肠道组织形态。 相似文献
3.
为研究日粮纤维源对四川白鹅肉品质、氨基酸含量和营养价值的影响,试验选用28日龄体重相近的四川白鹅120只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,公母各半,采用地面平养方式,分别饲喂含苜蓿草粉、黑麦草粉、燕麦草粉和花生秧粉日粮,自由采食和饮水,试验期共42 d。结果显示,在日粮近似等氮等能、采食量相等的条件下,日粮纤维源对四川白鹅肉剪切力、肉色、滴水损失率、粗脂肪和氨基酸含量均有显著影响（P<0.05）,苜蓿和花生秧组剪切力均显著低于黑麦和燕麦组（P<0.05）,苜蓿、燕麦和花生秧组滴水损失率均显著低于黑麦组（P<0.05）,燕麦组粗脂肪显著高于其他3组（P<0.05）,而花生秧组显著低于其他3组（P<0.05）,不同纤维源日粮对水分、灰分和粗蛋白质含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。日粮中添加苜蓿草粉可提高鹅肉保水性,增加其嫩度,同时也可提升鹅肉中鲜味氨基酸含量,建议生产中可在肉鹅日粮中适当添加苜蓿草粉,以提升其肉品质和营养价值。 相似文献
4.
YAN Chunchi DONG Biao ZHAO Minmeng LIU Long GENG Tuoyu GONG Daoqing WANG Jian 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(11):3502-3509
The experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of dietary alfalfa powder on the growth performance,body size,slaughter performance,organ index and meat quality of Siji geese.A total of 256 15-day-old geese (half male and half female) with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups with 4 replicates of 16 geese each.The geese in control group were fed with corn-soybean meal-based diet (control diet),and geese in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet replaced with 10%,20% and 30% alfalfa powder,respectively.The results showed that,compared with the control group,dietary alfalfa powder supplementation had no significant effect on the average daily intake,average daily gain,feed conversion ratio,body oblique length,keel length,shin circumference,semi diving length,chest width and shin length (P>0.05),and also had no effect on the carcass ratio,half-eviscerated carcass ratio and pectoral muscle ratio (P>0.05).However,dietary 20% and 30% alfalfa powder supplementation significantly increased the chest depth (P<0.05),dietary 30% alfalfa powder significantly decreased the full-eviscerated carcass ratio (P<0.05),and dietary 10% alfalfa powder significantly increased the leg muscle ratio (P<0.05) of geese.In addition,dietary alfalfa powder significantly decreased the abdominal fat ratio (P<0.05),raised the growth index of liver,jejunum,ileum,and cecum (P<0.05),and increased the water loss rate of pectoral muscle and leg muscle (P<0.05) compared with the control group.Dietary 10% and 30% alfalfa powder significantly increased duodenal growth index (P<0.05) of geese.In conclusion,dietary alfalfa powder supplementation might improve the slaughter performance (increase chest depth and leg muscle ratio,reduce abdominal fat rate) and organ growth index (increase the growth index of liver,duodenum,jejunum,ileum and cecum).However,dietary alfalfa powder increased water loss rates in pectoral muscle and leg muscle,and 30% alfalfa powder reduced the full-eviscerated carcass ratio of geese.The appropriate supplementation level of alfalfa powder was recommended at 10% in the present study. 相似文献
5.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加不同比例的苜蓿草粉对四季鹅生长性能、体尺、屠宰性能、器官指数和肉质性状的影响。选取健康、体重相近的15日龄四季鹅256只（公母各半）,随机分成4组,对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,3个试验组分别添加10%、20%和30%苜蓿草粉。每组4个重复,每个重复16只鹅。饲养至70日龄时,测量其各项体尺指标,每个重复选取4只鹅屠宰取样,测定屠宰性能、器官指数及肉质性质。结果表明：与对照组相比,日粮中添加不同比例的苜蓿草粉对四季鹅的平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比、体斜长、龙骨长、胫围、半潜水长、胸宽、胫长、屠宰率、半净膛率、胸肌率等均无显著影响（P>0.05）,添加20%和30%苜蓿草粉显著提高了鹅的胸深（P<0.05）,添加30%苜蓿草粉显著降低了鹅的全净膛率（P<0.05）,添加10%苜蓿草粉显著提高了腿肌率（P<0.05）。此外,与对照组相比,苜蓿草粉组腹脂率均显著降低（P<0.05）,肝脏指数、空肠指数、回肠指数以及盲肠指数均显著提高（P<0.05）,但胸肌、腿肌的滴水损失同时也提高了（P<0.05）;10%、30%苜蓿草粉组十二指肠指数均显著提高P<0.05）。综上所述,在日粮中添加苜蓿草粉可改善四季鹅的屠宰性能（增加胸深、提高腿肌率、降低腹脂率）,提高器官指数（肝脏指数、十二指肠指数、空肠指数、回肠指数以及盲肠指数）,但会提高胸肌和腿肌的滴水损失;且添加过多的苜蓿草粉（30%）还会显著降低全净膛率。综合考虑,四季鹅日粮中以添加10%苜蓿草粉为宜。 相似文献
6.
苜蓿草粉比例对豁鹅蛋黄不饱和脂肪酸含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验采用3×3因子设计,将日粮苜蓿草粉比例设为10%、20%、30%三个水平,蛋白质设为15.83%、14.01%、12.74%三个水平。选用180只12月龄健康产蛋豁鹅,随机分为9组,每组20只,试验期20 d。研究日粮苜蓿草粉比例和蛋白水平及二者交互作用对豁鹅蛋黄不饱和脂肪酸含量的影响。结果表明,随着日粮苜蓿草粉比例增加,蛋黄油酸和花生四烯酸含量呈显著(P<0.05)降低趋势,统计结果表明:油酸含量(x,mg/g)随日粮苜蓿草粉比例增加的变化趋势为二次函数:y=-0.05x2+0.23x+260.88,r2=0.82;蛋黄亚麻酸含量和总共轭亚油酸呈显著(P<0.05)增加趋势;随着日粮蛋白水平增加,蛋黄油酸、亚麻酸、总共轭亚油酸和花生四烯酸含量均呈显著(P<0.05)降低趋势。苜蓿草粉比例和蛋白水平的互作效应仅对花生四烯酸产生一定影响,根据比较,当苜蓿草粉比例为20%、蛋白水平为14.01%时,蛋黄亚麻酸含量和总共轭亚油酸含量最高。 相似文献
7.
Alfalfa-containing diets alter luminal microbiota structure and short chain fatty acid sensing in the caecal mucosa of pigs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jiawei Wang Chunfu Qin Ting He Kai Qiu Wenjuan Sun Xin Zhang Ning Jiao Weiyun Zhu Jingdong Yin 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2018,(2)
Background: Pork produced by outdoor-reared pigs raised mostly on alfalfa pastures attracts increasing population of consumer from most of the world. In China, pigs were raised with alfalfa-containing diets to seek for good quality pork.However, the influence of dietary alfalfa involving high level of insoluble dietary fiber(IDF) on pig intestinal luminal microbiota composition remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of alfalfa on luminal microbiota and short chain fatty acids(SCFA) production, and gene expressions involved in SCFA sensing, transporting and absorbing in pig caecal mucosa.Results: Twenty-four growing pigs were randomly allotted to four diets containing 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% alfalfa meal for a 28-d experiment. Ingestion of alfalfa meal-contained diets significantly increased the ratio of body weight gain to feed consumption. Illumina MiS eq sequencing of the V3 region of the 16 S r RNA genes showed that alfalfa-containing diet significantly decreased the relative abundance of genera Turicibacter, Acidiphilium, Paracoccus, Propionibacterium,Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus, and increased the relative abundance of genera Lachnospira, Marvinbryantia, and Desulfovibrio in the caecal digesta. Butyrate concentration was significantly increased in the hindgut by the supplementation of alfalfa meal in diets. The m RNA gene expressions of FFAR3, SMCT1, MCT1,PYY, and GCG were significantly increased in the caecal mucosa of pigs fed alfalfa meal.Conclusions: Our results suggested that alfalfa-containing diet has exerted significant impacts on caecal microbiota composition, butyrate concentration and significantly upregulated m RNA expression of host caecal mucosal genes involved in SCFA sensing and absorption as well as regulation of satiety. 相似文献
8.
本试验采用3×3因子设计,将日粮苜蓿草粉比例设为10%、20%、30%三个水平,蛋白质设为15.83%、14.01%、12.74%三个水平,选用180只12月龄健康产蛋豁鹅,随机分为9组,每组20只,试验期20d。研究日粮苜蓿草粉比例和蛋白水平及二者交互作用对豁眼鹅蛋品质的影响。试验结果表明:随着苜蓿草粉添加比例增加,蛋黄比例、哈夫值随之显著增大,苜蓿草粉比例添加20%、蛋白水平为14.01%时哈夫值最大。苜蓿草粉可以显著改善鸡蛋蛋黄色泽、提升蛋白品质。 相似文献
9.
J. F. Jiang X. M. Song J. L. Wu Y. Q. Jiang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2014,98(6):1039-1046
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of alfalfa meal diets on the intestinal microbial diversity and immunity of growing egg‐type ducks. A total of 128 healthy 7‐week‐old female egg‐type Shaoxing ducks were selected and randomly assigned into four dietary treatments: 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% alfalfa meal for 8 weeks. Each treatment consisted of four replicates of eight ducks each. Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR‐DGGE) was used to characterize the microbiota. The results showed that the DGGE fingerprints of the V6–V8 fragments of the 16S rRNA from the caeca and faeces of ducks fed 3%, 6% and 9% alfalfa meal had significantly higher microbiota species richness than those fed 0% alfalfa meal (p < 0.05). The Shannon–Weiner index of the microbiota from the caeca and faeces of ducks fed 3%, 6% and 9% alfalfa meal was significantly higher than those fed 0% alfalfa meal (p < 0.05). Molecular analysis of the caecal and faecal DNA extracts showed that the alfalfa meal diet promotes the intestinal microbial diversity, as indicated by their higher species richness and Shannon–Weiner index. However, the groups did not significantly differ in terms of average daily gain, feed intake and gain‐to‐feed ratio (p > 0.05), and the 3–9% alfalfa meal did not affect the growth performance of the growing egg‐type ducks. The proliferation of T and B lymphocytes was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in the groups supplemented with 3%, 6% and 9% of alfalfa meal than the unsupplemented control group, and alfalfa meal promoted the lymphocytes proliferation of the growing egg‐type ducks. Dietary alfalfa meal supplementation increases intestinal microbial community diversity and improves of the immune response growing egg‐type ducks. 相似文献
10.
苜蓿草粉比例和蛋白质水平对豁鹅生产性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验采用3×3因子设计,将日粮苜蓿草粉比例设为10%、20%、30%三个水平、蛋白质设为15.83%、14.01%、12.74%三个水平,选用180只12月龄健康产蛋豁鹅,随机分为9组,每组20只,试验期20d。研究日粮苜蓿草粉比例和蛋白水平及二者交互作用对豁眼鹅生产性能的影响。试验结果表明:在产蛋豁鹅日粮中添加苜蓿草粉可以提高豁鹅生产性能。苜蓿草粉比例为20%、蛋白水平为12.74%的条件下,豁鹅产蛋率最高;苜蓿草粉比例为10%、蛋白水平为12.74%的条件下,豁鹅受精率最高;苜蓿草粉比例为30%、蛋白水平为12.74%的条件下,豁鹅蛋重最大;苜蓿草粉比例20%、蛋白水平12.74%的条件下,豁鹅产蛋性能最佳。 相似文献
11.
苜蓿草颗粒饲料对鹅屠宰性能、器官和血液生化指标的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在研究苜蓿草颗粒饲料对鹅屠宰性能、器官和血液生化指标的影响。选用21日龄、体重相近(出壳时间和体重基本一致)、健康的扬州鹅300只,将其随机分为5组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组,每组3个重复,每个重复20只,整个饲养试验期7周。前3周添加的苜蓿草粉依次为:0,8%,12%,16%和20%,而后4周添加的苜蓿草粉依次为:0,12%,16%,20%和24%。结果表明,1)42和70日龄,试验Ⅲ组鹅的宰前活重、半净膛重、全净膛重、腿肌重、胸肌重和胫骨重均显著高于对照组(P0.05);2)42和70日龄,试验Ⅱ组鹅胸腺重量和试验Ⅲ组肝脏重量显著高于对照组(P0.05);3)42日龄,试验Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组鹅血清的TG、TC和LDL含量显著低于对照组(P0.05),而HDL则显著高于对照组(P0.05);70日龄,试验Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组鹅血清的TC和HDL含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),而各组TG含量差异不显著。综上所述,苜蓿草粉颗粒饲料能够提高扬州鹅屠宰性能,促进器官发育和改善血液生化指标。从本试验结果来看,21~42日龄和43~70日龄,苜蓿草粉最佳添加水平分别为16%和20%。 相似文献
12.
E A Latymer A G Low K Fadden I E Sambrook S C Woodley H D Keal 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1990,40(8):667-680
The effects of various sources of dietary fibre (defined as non-starch polysaccharides (NSP] on the transit time (TT) of digesta through sections of digestive tract were measured in pigs of 30-85 kg. The pigs were fitted with simple cannulas in the terminal ileum, caecum and mid-colon. Diets in experiments 1-3 were based on barley, wheat, soya bean meal and fish meal with NSP added in the form of wood cellulose (experiment 1), guar gum (experiment 2), wheat bran, pectin (experiment 3). Lactulose was also included in experiment 3 because of its NSP-like effects. Diets in experiments 4 and 5 were based on starch and casein and contained Phaseoluos vulgaris or Pisum sativum (experiment 4) and sugar beet pulp or wheat bran (experiment 5). Transit time (TT) was measured using 103Ruthenium phenanthroline to label solids and 51Chromium complexed to EDTA for liquids. Samples were taken every 3 h after marker administration for 51 h from all cannulas and the faecal output was collected every 3 h. The values obtained were very variable. The range of TT (h) defined as first arrival of markers and peak marker level was 3-12.2 and 3-12.2 to the ileum, 3-22.3 and 4.5-22.3 to the caecum, 4.5-50.3 and 16.5-48.8 to the colon and 24- less than 51 and 30- less than 51 to the rectum respectively. 相似文献
13.
本试验旨在研究不同来源纤维饲粮对福建黄兔表观消化率、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠纤维消化酶活性的影响。试验选用200只健康、体重接近的断奶福建黄兔,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只。4组分别饲喂由添加比例为25%的苜蓿草粉、甜菜渣、燕麦草、大麦糠为纤维饲料原料配制而成的饲粮。试验期为60 d,于试验第54天以全收粪法进行消化试验,屠宰后测定十二指肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度及二者比值,盲肠纤维素酶、半纤维素酶和果胶酶活性。结果表明：①苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、不溶性纤维（IDF）、可溶性纤维（SDF）的消化率均极显著高于大麦糠与燕麦草组（P<0.01）。其中,甜菜渣组不溶性纤维、可溶性纤维的消化率最高,与苜蓿草粉组差异显著（P<0.05）。②苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组的绒毛高度极显著高于大麦糠组（P<0.01）,但显著低于燕麦草组（P<0.05）,隐窝深度显著低于大麦糠和燕麦草组（P<0.05）,其中甜菜渣组隐窝深度最低。甜菜渣组的绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）最高,极显著高于其他组（P<0.01）。③苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组盲肠3种纤维消化酶活性均极显著高于大麦糠和燕麦草组（P<0.01）,其中甜菜渣组的3种酶活均极显著高于苜蓿草粉组（P<0.01）。综上所述,对比4种纤维饲粮,在饲粮配方中添加25%的甜菜渣能提高肉兔的表观消化率与盲肠纤维消化酶活性,并能改善十二指肠组织形态。 相似文献
14.
1.?The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different sources of dietary non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) on growth performance, development of gastrointestinal tract, and activities of pancreatic enzymes in goslings from 0 to 21 d of age.
2.?A total of 100 one-day-old White Roman female goslings were selected and randomly divided into 5 dietary treatment groups. Each group had 4 replicate cages (100 × 60 × 58 cm) of 5 goslings. Goslings in each group were given one of 5 isoenergetic and isonitrogenous semi-purified diets. Experimental diets were designed to contain 90 g/kg of different sources of dietary NSP from maize (control), barley hull, rice bran, wheat bran, or pectin, respectively, and 97·4 g/kg NSP were supplied by soybean meal.
3.?The goslings receiving the pectin diet had significantly higher viscosity in intestinal digesta than the other treatment diets. However, the daily feed intake, daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio of goslings in the pectin group were significantly lower than those given the other diets.
4.?The relative weights of proventriculus, gizzard, liver and pancreas, as well as the relative weights and lengths of various intestinal segments in the goslings that received the pectin diet, were significantly higher than those receiving the other diets. The specific activities (SA) of amylase, lipase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin in the pancreatic tissue of goslings in the pectin group were significantly lower than those in the other groups.
5.?Goslings given a soluble NSP source (pectin) diet tended to exhibit inhibited growth and decreased activity of pancreatic enzymes. However, compared with maize, the inclusion of insoluble NSP sources from barley hull, rice bran, and wheat bran did not negatively affect growth and also were not significantly different among the treatment diets. 相似文献
15.
本试验采用3×3因子设计,将日粮苜蓿草粉比例设为10%、20%、30%三个水平、蛋白质设为15.83%、14.01%、12.74%三个水平。选用180只12月龄健康产蛋豁鹅,随机分为9组,每组20只,试验期20d。研究日粮苜蓿草粉比例和蛋白水平及二者交互作用对豁眼鹅蛋黄铁锌含量的影响。结果表明,苜蓿草粉比例增加使蛋黄铁含量呈降低趋势,而日粮蛋白质水平对蛋黄铁含量无显著影响;日粮苜蓿草粉比例和蛋白质水平的交互作用对蛋黄铁含量无显著影响（P〉0.05）。苜蓿草粉比例增加使蛋黄锌含量呈增加趋势,而日粮蛋白质水平 相似文献
16.
1. The apparent and true metabolisable energy values of carob pods meal for geese were measured to be 6.1 MJ/kg and 6.6 MJ/kg respectively. 2. Performance from 5 to 12 weeks was examined in geese fed on four diets containing 0, 100, 200 and 300 g/kg of carob pods meal. 3. The inclusion of carob pods meal up to 200 g/kg in geese diets did not affect the performance. 4. At 300 g/kg performance was highly depressed. 5. The digestibility of protein in the diets decreased linearly with an increase in the level of inclusion of carob pods meal. 6. The length of small intestine, large intestine and caeca and the weight of gizzard expressed per kg of body weight increased with an increase in the level of carob pods meal, which is rich in fibre, in the diets. 相似文献
17.
The effects on apparent digestibility of increasing dietary fibre concentrations in barley-based diets by substituting for barley either bran, oatmeal by-product, guar gum or pectin were studied using 72 pigs. Increasing substitutions of bran up to a maximum of 300 g kg-1 gave progressive decreases in apparent digestibility of dry matter, ether extract and gross energy fractions and in digestible and metabolisable energy contents, progressive increases in apparent digestibility of modified acid detergent fibre but had no consistent effect on either nitrogen or extract free of nitrogen fractions. Increasing substitution of oatmeal by-product up to the same maximum gave significant linear decreases in apparent digestibility of dry matter, extract free of nitrogen and gross energy, significant depressions in apparent digestibility of modified acid detergent fibre and significant increases in ether extract. Guar gum and pectin, both substituted to a maximum of 50 g kg-1 had no significant effects on apparent digestibility. The results are discussed in the context of the concentrations of dietary fibre needed to reduce the incidence of oesophagogastric parakeratosis. 相似文献
18.
采用玉米淀粉-大豆分离蛋白纯合基础饲粮及不同来源纤维,配制6种试验饲粮:1、基础饲粮(不加纤程);2、纤维素;3、小麦麸;4、米糠;5、高粱糠;6、苜蓿粉。饲于7日龄肉鸡(星布罗),结果如下:1、苜蓿组采食量和体增重显著高于其它各组(P<0.05),其它各组间的体增重无显著差异(P>0.05)。2、鸡不能行走,腿病严重百分率最高者是米糠组,无腿病百分率较高的是基础组和苜蓿组。3、小麦麸组、米糠组、高粱糠组、苜蓿组胫骨中锰含量显著低于基础组和纤维素组(P<0.05),小麦麸组和米糠组胫骨锌显著低于基础组(P<0.05),纤维素组和小麦麸组胫骨铁显著高于基础组(P<0.05),苜蓿组胫骨镁显著高于基础组(P<0.05)。 相似文献
19.
为了探讨初产母猪的后备期、妊娠期饲粮中不同比例的苜蓿草粉,对其生长性能和繁殖性能的影响,试验选用640头日龄110 d、体重45 kg左右的健康后备母猪(长×大),采用单因子完全随机设计,分为4个处理,分别为:对照组(0%草粉组)、5%草粉组、10%草粉组、15%草粉组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复40头猪。妊娠期选取增重和发情较好的5%草粉组后备期母猪,发情配种后分为对照Ⅰ组(0%草粉组)、10%草粉组、15%草粉组、20%草粉组,后备期对照组母猪继续作为妊娠期的对照组,共5个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复3头猪。结果表明:1)在后备期45~70 kg阶段,试验组的采食量均低于对照组,随着苜蓿草粉用量的增加,采食量依次下降;5%草粉组的日增重显著高于、料重比显著低于10%和15%草粉组(P<0.05),但与对照组无显著差异;3个试验组中,只有5%草粉组的增重成本低于对照组,且使用苜蓿草粉愈多,成本愈高。在后备期70~130 kg阶段,无论是采食量还是日增重,3个试验组均低于对照组,随着草粉用量增加,采食量和日增重均依次下降,其中10%和15%草粉组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但与5%草粉组差异不显著;3个试验组的料重比和增重成本均高于对照组,且有随着苜蓿草粉用量增加而依次增加的趋势,其中15%草粉组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。添加5%的苜蓿草粉对母猪发情率有改善,但各组之间差异不显著。2)在妊娠期阶段,草粉组的背膘增厚显著高于对照组和对照Ⅰ组(P<0.05);对照Ⅰ组和10%、15%、20%苜蓿草粉组的初生活仔率均显著高于对照组,初生窝重分别比对照组提高了14.88%、6.89%、12.31%、24.48%,弱仔率分别降低了53.44%、36.39%、87.37%、62.78%,尽管均未达到显著差异程度,但说明后备期饲粮中使用苜蓿草粉对妊娠期母猪产仔数及仔猪健康有良好的后续效应,后备期用5%苜蓿草粉妊娠期使用20%苜蓿草粉效果最佳。综合得出,后备期添加5%的苜蓿草粉不会影响后备母猪生长但会提高发情率,后备期添加5%草粉妊娠期不添加时,母猪的繁殖效果也得到改善;妊娠期添加20%的苜蓿草粉产活仔率和初生窝重最佳。 相似文献