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1.
SUMMARY An experimental vaccine containing the avirulent Australian V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus was used to vaccinate 3- or 6-week-old chickens by aerosol and drinking water application. The chickens lacked maternally derived antibody to Newcastle disease virus. When the vaccine virus was diluted in tap water more than 90% of the infectivity was destroyed immediately. The addition of 0.25% skim milk prevented this loss and there was no loss in distilled water. Rates of inactivation at 37°C were similar in tap water and distilled water and were unaffected by the addition of skim milk. Both methods of vaccination resulted in the production of haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies which persisted for at least 8 to 12 weeks. The antibody response to aerosol vaccination was significantly better than that following drinking water vaccination. No clinical disease was induced by exposure to vaccine virus. Serum neutralisation antibodies paralleled those detected by haemagglutination-inhibition in chicks vaccinated once by drinking water. After revaccination through the drinking water, haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies were boosted temporarily while neutralising antibodies were maintained at an enhanced level. From chickens vaccinated by aerosol, Newcastle disease virus was recovered for 10 days from lungs and for 7 days from tracheas and caecal tonsils. Peak viraemia was detected 2 and 3 days after vaccination while both neutralising and haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies became detectable 5 days after vaccination. 相似文献
2.
Methner U Keiling S Kreutzer B Schweinitz P 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2002,109(4):149-153
In the progeny of breeder birds which had been vaccinated with live Salmonella Typhimurium and inactivated Salmonella Enteritidis vaccines, the caecal and systemic colonisation by a live Salmonella Enteritidis and a live Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine was studied. The efficacy of the oral immunisation of chicks from vaccinated and non-vaccinated breeders with a live Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine on day 1 of age was studied by an experimental challenge with Salmonella Enteritidis on day 30 of age. Antibody production of isotypes IgG, IgA and IgM was determined in sera and jejunum of the birds. Vaccination of parent birds resulted in an increase of the antibody concentration in sera and jejunum of the chicks. Own antibody production after administration of the live Salmonella vaccine to the day-old chicks was not detected until day 21 of life. Compared to controls, the number of vaccine organisms in the caeca of the progeny of vaccinated breeder birds was reduced by 0.5-1.5 log10 units. The reduction of the Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine was more pronounced than that of the Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine. However, the reduced colonisation by the live Salmonella vaccine strain did not impair the efficacy of the immunisation of the chicks. To ensure efficacy of the active oral immunisation of chicks from vaccinated parent birds with attenuated live Salmonella vaccines also in case where amounts of maternally transferred antibodies are even higher, it should be guaranteed that chicks take in via drinking water the recommended dose of the vaccine strain. In this connection, factors like the low intake of drinking water by very young chicks, the concentration of the vaccine organisms in the water and the survival of the vaccine should also be considered. 相似文献
3.
本试验进行了三批鸡的免疫研究。第一批试验检测不同类型新城疫疫苗在不同母源抗体水平（高和低）的鸡体上的免疫效果。结果显示,在高母源抗体时免疫,Ｖ４组和油乳剂灭活苗级抗体水平表现较低,而在低母源抗体时免疫,几种疫苗的抗体水平上升得很快,特别Ｌａｓｏｔａ－克隆３０组最明显,而油乳剂灭活苗组的抗体水平保持最长。根据此结果而制定了不同的免疫程序,进行了第二、第三批免疫试验,并分别在４５天龄及７０天龄时进行强 相似文献
4.
鸡新城疫病毒分离株与La Sota株灭活疫苗效力比较试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用NDV分离株及La Sota株为抗源液，经福尔马林灭活后，与油佐剂混合，分别制成分离株灭活苗、La Sota株灭活苗及分离株与La Sota株二价灭活苗。将这三种灭活疫苗分别免疫SPF鸡后，均获得100%抵抗NDV分离株及F48株强毒攻击的保护力；而用这3种灭活苗与La Sota活苗单独或联合使用，免疫带有ND母源抗体的普通鸡后，3种灭活苗的免疫效力不同，分离株灭活苗与价灭活苗对NDV分离株攻击的免疫保护效力明显优于La Sota灭活苗；灭活苗与活苗同时使用，其免疫效力明显优于单独使用灭活苗或活苗。 相似文献
5.
用新城疫病毒La Sota株作为复合物疫苗抗原,与新城疫特异性中和抗体混匀配制成4种不同比例的复合物疫苗,用1日龄普通雏鸡进行免疫效果对比试验。试验1~4组分别为免疫复合物疫苗1~4,试验5组免疫常规新城疫活苗,试验6组为空白对照组。免疫后3周采血测定HI抗体效价,同时用新城疫强毒北京株F48E9攻击。试验结果显示,试验1~6组HI抗体效价分别为3.2log2、3.1log2、3.3log2、3.2log2、3.1log2、2.9log2;攻毒后,试验1~6组鸡的死亡率分别为15%、20%、0%、35%、30%、50%。因此,新城疫病毒La Sota株与新城疫特异性抗体制备成复合物疫苗,能保持疫苗中抗原的免疫原性,并可减轻疫苗的毒副作用,提高疫苗的安全性,其免疫效果比常规活苗好。 相似文献
6.
鸡传染性贫血疫苗免疫母鸡后子代雏鸡的免疫学变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用免疫学新技术对鸡传染性贫血（CIA）疫苗免疫母鸡后，其子代雏鸡外周血液和免疫器官组织及局部体液的免疫学变化进行了动态研究。结果表明：CIA疫苗免疫母鸡后，其子代雏鸡外周血液T、B细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量及免疫器官组织的T细胞和IgG、IgM、IgA抗体生成细胞以及泪液、气管液、胆汁、肠液的IgA、IgM、IgG含量均不同程度地高于未免疫的相应对照雏鸡，表明CIA疫苗免疫母鸡后，其子代雏鸡全身的体液免疫和细胞免疫功能明显增强。而CIAV强毒攻击后，未免疫的子代雏鸡，其外周血液和免疫器官组织及局部体液的上述各项指标均明显低于疫苗免疫的子代雏鸡。 相似文献
7.
8.
传染性法氏囊病疫苗免疫母鸡后子代雏鸡外周血液的B细胞和免疫球蛋白含量变化 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
应用免疫SPA菌体花环法和间接ELISE法对传染性法氏囊病（IBD）疫苗免疫母鸡后，其子代雏鸡外周血液B细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量进行了动态研究。结果发现：IBD疫苗免疫后，其子代雏鸡外周血液B细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量均不同程度地高于未免疫的相应对照雏鸡，表明IBD疫苗免疫母鸡后，其子代雏鸡外周血液的体液免疫功能明显增强。而传染性法氏囊病超强毒株攻击子代雏鸡后，未免疫子代雏鸡外周血液的上述各项指标均明显低于疫苗免疫的子代雏鸡，这与IBDV感染雏鸡后，其体液免疫中枢器官法氏囊严重损害，淋巴细胞变性坏死等有关，也是导致感染雏鸡免疫抑制的基础。 相似文献
9.
鸡传染性贫血病疫苗免疫母鸡后，对其于代雏鸡免疫器官的抗体生成细胞变化进行了动态研究。结果发现，CIA疫苗免疫母鸡后，于代雏鸡免疫器官抗体生成细胞数量较未免疫对照于代雏鸡明显增加；强毒攻击于代雏鸡后，免疫攻毒组雏鸡免疫器官抗体生成细胞数量在27日龄内明显高于未免疫攻毒组雏鸡。表明CIA疫苗可使于代雏鸡免疫器官的体液免疫功能增强，能抵御强毒攻击。 相似文献
10.
应用免疫SPA菌体不法和间接ELISE法对鸡传染性贫血病（CIA）疫苗免疫母鸡后，其子代雏鸡外周血液T细胞数量和血清IgG,IgM,IgA含量进行了动态研究。结果发现：CIA疫苗免疫母鸡后，其子代雏鸡外周血液T细胞数量和IgG,IgM,IgA含量均不同和蔼地高于未免疫的相对照雏鸡，表明CIA疫苗免疫母后，其子代雏鸡全身的体液上述各项指标均明显低于疫苗免疫的子代雏鸡，这与CIAV强毒攻击子代雏鸡后，未免疫的子代雏鸡外周血液上述各项指标均明显低于疫苗免疫的子代雏鸡，这与CIAV强毒感染雏鸡后，其免疫器官组织，尤其是胸腺严重损害，淋巴细胞变性坏死子等密切相关，是导致感染鸡免疫功能低下的基础。 相似文献
11.
E Vielitz C Conrad M Voss V von Bülow P Dorn J Bachmeier U L?hren 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1991,98(4):144-147
Infectious anemia of poultry is a disease of high economical significance. Connatal infection of chicks with the chicken anemia agent (CAA) via the embryonated egg causes anemia along with severe immunosuppression, thus rendering the chicken susceptible for secondary infections. In order to prevent infection of young chicks, it is necessary to induce immunity against CAA in parent flocks, with the aim to prevent connatal spread of the infection and provide maternal protection for baby chicks. In this publication, the efficacy and use of a live CAA vaccine is reported. From autumn 1986 until summer 1990, 3 experimental vaccine charges were applied in 85 broiler parent flocks with totally 3.1 million chickens. In addition, totally 293,000 broiler breeder and 171,000 layer breeder chicken were vaccinated in 1989/90. The vaccine was administered between the 13th and 19th week of life by drinking water without adverse effect to the birds. Chicken anemia symptoms were observed only at the begin of laying period in two parent flocks. These flocks had been vaccinated in the 17th and 19th week, respectively. The offsprings of all other vaccinated parent flocks remained free of chicken anemia. Day-old chicks derived from vaccinated parent flocks were protected against CAA challenge infection. It is emphasized, that vaccination should be performed within the 13th to 15th week of life, because according to our observations, this will lead to an immediate seroconversion. 相似文献
12.
Four modified live reovirus vaccines were compared with a field isolate (81-176) of reovirus for safety in 1-day-old and 1-wk-old specific-pathogen-free chicks. At 1, 3, 5, and 7 wks after vaccination, blood, cloacal swabs, and hock tendon samples were collected and assayed for residual virus. Tendon samples were also examined microscopically and scored for histological changes. Vaccine efficacy was monitored by challenging chicks 7 wks postvaccination via the footpad with the 81-176 isolate. Serum samples were collected throughout the trials and assayed for reovirus antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In chicks vaccinated at 1 day of age, three of the four vaccine viruses were consistently recovered from the hock tendon tissues. Post-challenge virus recoveries were similarly positive for the same vaccine viruses. Histological lesion scores of the tendons paralleled the degree of virus recovery. In the chicks vaccinated at 1 wk old, none of the vaccine viruses were recovered, nor were tendon lesion scores substantially elevated. Following challenge, however, virus was recovered from all vaccinated groups. 相似文献
13.
禽脑脊髓炎油佐剂灭活疫苗免疫效果观察 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
将感染了ＡＥＶ－ＶａｎＲｏｃｋｅｌ株的ＳＰＦ全胚磨制的乳剂离心分离,取上清液制成抗原含量不同的两种灭活疫苗。将两种疫苗各接种３月龄的ＳＰＦ鸡,未见接种鸡出现症状。４周后以强毒ＡＥＶ攻击,所有疫苗接种鸡皆被保护,组织学检查进一步证明了疫苗的效力。抗原含量较高的疫苗引起的保护力更好,作者认为攻击时经过脑内接种更适合于临床评价疫苗效力。 相似文献
14.
In order to evaluate the protection conferred by an experimental inactivated vaccine against infectious coryza, three challenge trials were undertaken using 112 1-day-old broilers. The vaccine "Hepa Inmuno NC" included bacterial antigens of Avibacterium paragallinarum (serogroups A, B, variant B, and C) as well as antigens of Newcastle virus and hepatitis virus. Fifty-six broiler chicks were vaccinated at the first day of life at the hatchery while another 56 chicks were left unvaccinated. Three infection trials were conducted simultaneously using each of the three serogroups A, B, or C of Av. paragallinarum. In each trial, 17 vaccinated and 17 unvaccinated broilers were used. Challenge was performed at day 31 of life by injection, into the left infraorbital sinus, of approximately 1 x 10(5) colony forming units of the corresponding Av. paragallinarum strain. Clinical signs were recorded on day 2 postchallenge. All broilers were euthanatized and both infraorbital sinuses were bacteriologically examined for the presence of Av. paragallinarum on day 5 postchallenge. In comparison with the unvaccinated broilers, the vaccine significantly reduced the number of broilers with clinical signs after challenge with serogroup B, and significantly fewer vaccinated broilers were positive for the presence of Av. paragallinarum after challenge with serogroup C. On the other hand, no significant protection was observed when broilers were challenged with Av. paragallinarum from serogroup A. Despite the high infection rates in vaccinated chicks after an experimental infection with Av. paragallinarum, it was possible to reduce colonization of Av. paragallinarum (serogroup B) and clinical signs (serogroup C) in broiler chicks by vaccination at the first day of life. Further cross-protection trials should be done, including other Av. paragallinarum strains in the vaccine, especially those from serogroup A. 相似文献
15.
Administration of 10(4) mean cell-culture infectious dose (CCID50) per ml of a plaque-purified derivative of a commercial fowlpox virus (FPV) vaccine to 1-day-old chicks by aerosol or drinking water gave inconsistent serological responses and little evidence of protective immunity. In contrast, cutaneous vaccination with the same preparation protected against challenge with virulent FPV at 4 weeks of age. Administration of the vaccine at a concentration of 10(6) CCID50 per ml by the drinking-water route was as effective as conventional cutaneous vaccination in terms of the serological response in an enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay and in terms of protection against challenge. Drinking-water vaccination at 2 days of age was no more effective than vaccination on day 1, and oral dosing with the vaccine was less effective than incorporation of the vaccine in the drinking water. It was concluded that 1-day-old chicks may be vaccinated against fowlpox by the drinking-water route if the vaccine contains a sufficiently high concentration of virus. 相似文献
16.
低毒力新城疫抗原抗体复合物疫苗研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
用低毒力新城疫病毒LaSota株作为复合物疫苗抗原,与新城疫特异性中和抗体混匀配制了不同比例的8种复合物疫苗,用1日龄SPF雏鸡进行免疫效果试验。试验l组～8组分别免疫复合物疫苗1～8,试验9组免疫常规新城疫活疫苗,试验10组为空白对照组。免疫后3周采血测定HI抗体效价,同时用新城疫强毒北京株F48E9攻击。试验l组～10组HI抗体效价分别为2^3.6、2^3.1、2^2.3、2^4.85、2^4.85、2^5.0、2^5.0、2^4.5、2^5.1、2^2.14。攻毒后1组～10组鸡的死亡率分别为30％、50％、90％、10％、0％、0％、0％、0％、09,6、100％。结果表明,低毒力新城疫病毒LaSota株与特异性抗体制备的复合物疫苗,可以减轻疫苗的毒副作用,提高疫苗的安全性,其免疫效果比常规活苗好。 相似文献
17.
鸡贫血病-法氏囊病联合免疫母鸡后子代雏鸡外周血液T细胞数量及免疫球蛋白含量变化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
应用免疫SRA菌体花环法和间接ELISE法对鸡传染性贫血病 (CIA) -传染性法氏囊病 (IBD)联合免疫母鸡后 ,其子代雏鸡外周血液T细胞数量和免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA含量变化进行了动态研究。结果发现 ,CM -IBD联合免疫母鸡后 ,其子代雏鸡外周血液T细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量均不同程度地高于未免疫的相应对照雏鸡 ,表明CIA-IBD联合免疫母鸡后 ,其子代雏鸡外周血液体液免疫和细胞免疫功能明显增强。而CIAV、IBDY强毒攻击后 ,未免疫的子代雏鸡 ,其外周血液的上述指标均明显低于疫苗免疫的子代雏鸡 ,表明未免疫的子代雏鸡外周血液的免疫机能降低 ,这与未免疫雏鸡缺乏特异性抗体 ,强毒攻击后 ,雏鸡免疫器官组织广泛损害 ,淋巴细胞变性坏死等有关 相似文献
18.
Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis burden in broiler breeder chicks genetically associated with vaccine antibody response 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The relationship between antibody response to Salmonella enteritidis vaccine and internal organ burden of S. enteritidis is not fully understood. The genetic relationship, therefore, between postchallenge S. enteritidis burden and antibody response to S. enteritidis vaccine was determined in broiler breeder chicks. Sibling chicks from a broiler breeder male line were either inoculated with a pathogenic S. enteritidis or vaccinated with a commercial S. enteritidis vaccine. Spleen, liver, cecal wall, and cecal content samples from S. enteritidis-challenged chicks (n = 120) were cultured for enumeration of bacteria. Unchallenged chicks (n = 314) were vaccinated at 11 days of age, and serum samples were taken at 10 days postvaccination. Antibody response to vaccination and number of S. enteritidis in cecal content cultures were negatively correlated (-0.772), demonstrating that genetic potential for greater antibody response to S. enteritidis vaccine is associated with lesser S. enteritidis bacterial burden in cecal content of broiler breeder chicks. The findings suggest that genetic selection for vaccine antibody responsiveness can lower bacterial burden in the gut lumenal content and, thus, potentially reduce contamination of poultry products at processing. 相似文献
19.
鸡贫血病—法氏囊病疫苗免疫母鸡后子代雏鸡的免疫学变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本项目应用现代免疫学新技术对鸡传染性贫血病（CIA）-传染性法氏囊病（IBD）疫苗联合免疫母鸡后,其子代雏鸡外周血液T、B细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量法及法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体、哈德尔腺的T细胞和IgG、IgM、IgA抗体生成细胞数量以及泪液、气管液、胆汁、肠液的IgA、IgM、IgG含量的变化进行了动态研究。结果发现,CIA-IBD疫苗联合免疫母鸡后,其子代雏鸡外周血液、免疫器官组织和局部体液的上述各项指标均不同程度地高于未免疫的相应对照雏鸡。表明CIA-IBD疫苗免疫母鸡后,其子代雏鸡的体液免疫和细胞免疫功能明显增强,而CIAV-IBDV强毒攻击后,未免疫的子代雏鸡,其外周血液,免疫器官组织和局部体液的各项免疫学指标均明显低于疫苗免疫攻毒的子代雏鸡,这与未免疫雏鸡缺乏特异性抗体,强毒攻击后,雏鸡免疫器官组织广泛损害,淋巴细胞变性坏死等有关。 相似文献
20.
应用免疫SPA菌体花环法、MTT法和间接ELISA法对鸡传染性贫血病(CIA)-传染性法氏囊病(IBD)联合免疫种鸡后,其子代雏鸡外周血液T细胞数量和增殖功能以及免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA含量变化进行了动态研究。结果发现,CIA-IBD联合免疫种鸡后,其子代雏鸡外周血液T细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量均不同程度地高于未免疫的相应对照雏鸡,表明CIA-IBD联合免疫种鸡后,其子代雏鸡外周血液体液免疫和细胞免疫功能明显增强。而CIAV、IBDV强毒攻击后,未免疫的子代雏鸡,其外周血液的上述指标均明显低于疫苗免疫的子代雏鸡,表明未免疫的子代雏鸡外周血液的免疫机能降低,这与未免疫雏鸡缺乏特异性抗体,强毒攻击后,雏鸡免疫器官组织广泛损害,淋巴细胞变性坏死等有关。 相似文献