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正大豆中有很多生物活性物质,其中有多种活性物质具有抗癌功能,而大豆低聚糖就是其中一种多功能的抗癌物质。大豆低聚糖是大豆中可溶性糖的总称,其主要成分和含量如下:水苏糖4%左右,棉籽糖1%左右,蔗糖5%左右,其含量因大豆品种不同而 相似文献
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微波和超声两种技术提取大豆低聚糖的效果 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以大豆品种合丰23为材料,用高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测微波和超声两种技术提取的大豆低聚糖(水苏糖、绵子糖和蔗糖)的效果,旨在筛选和建立大豆低聚糖的最佳检测方法,为大豆低聚糖的含量检测提供依据.用水苏糖、绵子糖和蔗糖的标准品对12种流动相和3种检测温度进行比较分析,筛选出高效液相色谱(HPLC)的最佳检测条件(乙腈:水=60:40,温度35℃).微波法提取大豆低聚糖,采用正交试验,选取4因素3水平按正交表L9(34)进行试验,结果表明:佳提取条件为70%乙醇溶液,1:10溶解,高火,2 min.超声法提取大豆低聚糖,选取4因素4水平按正交表L16(44)进行试验,选出最佳条件,在此基础上选择4个料液比例进行单因素试验,结果表明:超声法的最佳提取条件为75%乙醇溶液,1:10溶解,40 KHz,60℃,超声1.5 h.在最佳提取条件下,微波技术和超声技术提取低聚糖的总糖浓度分别为11.48%和7.70%,表明微波技术比超声技术提取大豆低聚糖的效率高、效果好,且节省有机溶剂、方法简单.建立了基于微波提取的HPLC法对大豆低聚糖含量的高效检测方法,为开展大豆种质资源筛选和大豆育种提供了技术支撑. 相似文献
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大豆低聚糖—功能性低聚糖 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
大豆含有大约 12 %的糖类 ,其中 5 %左右是低聚糖(包括棉子糖和水苏糖 )。低聚糖 (或寡糖Ｏｌｉｇｏｓａｃａｃｃｈａ ｒｉｄｅｓ)是指其分子结构由 2～ 10个单糖分子以糖苷键相连接而形成的糖类总称。分子量为 3 0 0～ 2 0 0 0 ,它是界于单糖 (葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖 )和多糖 (纤维、淀粉 )之间“家族” ,又有二糖、三糖、四糖之分 ,作为“特定保健用食品”的低聚糖是指具有特殊生物学功能 ,特别有益于肠健康的一类低聚糖 ,故又称“功能性低聚糖”。大豆低聚糖是大豆中可溶性糖质的总称 ,主要成份是指单糖数为 3～ 4的蔗糖 (双糖 ) ,棉子糖 … 相似文献
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吉林省普通大豆品种(系)异黄酮含量分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用超声波法对吉林省26份普通大豆品种(系)大豆异黄酮含量进行HPLC测定.建立了一种HPLC测定大豆籽粒中异黄酮含量的方法.结果表明:异黄酮各异构体在50～1000μmol·L~(-1)范围内线性系数良好,相关系数为0.9998～0.9999;检出限为1.09～2.06 mg·L~(-1),定量限为3.25～6.46 mg·L~(-1);异黄酮各异构体同收率为97.11%～103.31%;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)分别为2.03%～4.32%.该方法线性范围广,线性关系好,灵敏度和准确度高,适合于大豆及大豆制品中异黄酮含量的测定.测得吉林省261份普通大豆品种(系)中的异黄酮含量范围1.46～4.97 mg·g~(-1),超过4 mg·g~(-1)的品种(系)有23个,占测定品种(系)总数的8.81%. 相似文献
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这项研究调查了5个具有代表性基因型的大豆品种,有低寡聚糖含量的、高油、高蛋白主栽品种和非主栽品种,连同两个商业栽培品种Jack和Ozark,在种子发育至成熟期间体内化学成分变化。在种子萌发至成熟大约8周的时间内,每隔7d取样,分析其体内油份、蛋白、可溶性糖类和淀粉含量的变化。尽管这7个大豆品种的基因型在化学成分上呈现显著差异,但是一些化学成分具有类似动态变化的趋势。蛋白质含量在大豆开花后3~5周时逐渐降低,然后又逐渐增加。油份含量在发育早期迅速积累。在种子发育过程中淀粉含量为6%～15%,但是在成熟期急剧下降至0.2%～1%。蔗糖在种子发育至成熟过程中逐渐减少,在种子发育早期阶段至收获前3周,不易分解的寡聚糖(棉子糖、水苏糖和毛蕊花糖)含量处于较低的水平,之后这类糖随大豆种子的成熟而逐渐增加。这些研究结果为开发根据不同用途选择特殊大豆品种提供了有价值的信息。 相似文献
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大豆籽粒蛋白质的遗传改良,就是通过各种遗传育种途径,提高大豆粒籽蛋白质和含硫氨基酸(尤其是蛋氨酸)含量,排除或降低对人类利用有害的胰蛋白酶抑制剂、脂氧化酶、外源凝集素、棉籽糖和水苏糖等不良成分的含量。今后,随着科学技术的飞速发展,大豆蛋白质的遗传改良将会取得更大的进展。 相似文献
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一些小麦品种的淀粉特性分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了筛选出淀粉品质优良的面条小麦品种,分析了200份国内小麦品种(系)和6份澳大利亚小麦品种的淀粉特性及Waxy蛋白亚基组成.与国外优质面条小麦相比,国内小麦的淀粉品质总体上有一定差距,但主要淀粉特性的变异范围比较广,如直链淀粉含量变幅为17.79%～27.14%,膨胀势为3.77～10.45g/g,峰值粘度为491.50～4 497.00 cP,低谷粘度为74.00～3 042.00 cP,崩解值为584.50～1 986.50 cP.国内小麦品种(系)中有15份缺失Wx-B1蛋白亚基,其直链淀粉含量、峰值粘度和崩解值的平均值优于正常类型品种(系),如花培18-5直链淀粉含量低于19%,峰值粘度高于4000 cP,崩解值高于1 500 cP.河南省小麦品种(系)的淀粉特性优于其他省市. 相似文献
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本研究建立了一种同时测定大豆低聚糖粉中棉子糖和水苏糖含量的高效液相色谱分析方法（HPLC）。采用示差折光检测器（RID）,色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax carbohydrate柱（4．6mm&;#215;150mm,5μm）,流动相为乙腈-水（75：25,V：V）,流速1．0mL／min,柱温30℃。实验结果表明：棉子糖和水苏糖分别在1～10mg／mL、1～10mg／mL范围内线性良好,相关系数分别为0．9925、0．9971;2种糖的相对标准偏差（RSD）分别为1．57％、1．81％（n=5）,平均回收率分别为95．8％、96．0％。该分析方法适用于大豆低聚糖粉中棉子糖和水苏糖含量的检测。 相似文献
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南方菜用大豆资源营养品质性状的遗传变异 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以南方菜用大豆品种(系)为材料,研究其营养品质的遗传变异.2002～2004年的试验结果表明:可溶性糖的遗传变异系数最大,达到10.22%;脂肪含量的遗传力最高,为71.72%,其次为蛋白质、蛋脂总量、可溶性糖含量的遗传力分别为47.14%、48.94%和55.30%;根据5%的相对遗传进展,蛋白质、脂肪、蛋脂总量、淀粉、可溶性糖分别属于GSⅢ2、GSⅢ1、GSⅣ、GSⅣ、GSⅡ2类群.并从中筛选出19份营养品质相对较好的材料. 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(2):189-198
AbstractGrain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):415-432
Summary This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed. 相似文献
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以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。 相似文献
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Corné Kempenaar Thomas Been Johan Booij Frits van Evert Jean-Marie Michielsen Corné Kocks 《Potato Research》2017,60(3-4):295-305
Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed. 相似文献
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Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the
water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during
mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal
resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No
such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m−2 s−1 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop. 相似文献
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体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望. 相似文献