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琼脂双向扩散法监测鸡群法氏囊病抗体的试验张继荣，王邦林，杜瑞芬（总参天津养鸡场３００３００）我们在防制鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）过程中，应用琼脂双向扩散法（ＡＧＰ），监测鸡群ＩＢＤ母源抗体和弱毒疫苗免疫后的免疫沉淀抗体，根据抗体消长情况，选择合适的免... 相似文献
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禽流感RT-PCR诊断法的建立 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据禽流感病毒（ＡＩＶ）Ａ／Ｃｈｉｃｋｅｎ／Ｂｒｅｓｌｉｎ／１９０２（Ｈ７Ｎ７）株的血凝素（ＨＡ）基因参考序列设计合成一对Ｈ７ＨＡ特异引物,并应用ＳＤＳ－蛋白酶Ｋ法提取病毒ＲＮＡ,建立了逆转录－聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测ＡＩＶＲＮＡ的方法。应用此法对鸡胚培养的ＡＩＶ尿囊液、ＳＰＦ感染鸡粪便进行了检测,并与琼脂扩散试验和电镜技术作了对比。特异性试验以新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）、传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）、传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）、减蛋综合征病毒（ＥＤＳ－７６Ｖ）等的感染鸡胚尿囊液作为对照。结果表明,ＡＩＶ尿囊液ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ全部阳性,ＳＰＦ感染鸡粪便８７份,ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检出６９份阳性,样品处理浓缩后琼脂扩散检出１１份,电镜检测了２３份样品,仅检出２份阳性。非特异性对照样品经ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测全部阴性。将ＡＩＶ感染鸡胚尿囊液作１０倍系列连续稀释,可检出稀释度为１０－２的病毒尿囊液。ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ最早检出时间为感染后第３天,而琼扩和电镜均是７天。该法具有高度的特异性和灵敏性,且节约时间（只需８小时左右）,可从分子水平上对ＡＩＶ进行早期快速诊断和流行病学调查 相似文献
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用间接血凝试验检测传染性法氏囊病抗体 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
印度的研究者Ｒ．Ｋ．Ｊｏｈｉ等从田间暴发ＩＢＤ的鸡群采集５０份血清作为试验样品。用间接血凝试验（ＰＨＡ）、琼脂扩散试验（ＡＧＰ）和对流免疫电泳试验（ＣＩＥ）三种方法分别对血清样品进行检测。结果发现,用ＰＨＡ法检测,５０份样品中有４６份呈阳性（占９２％... 相似文献
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用ＩＢＤ－ＥＬＩＳＡ快速诊断盒对ＩＢＤＶ阳性法氏囊囊毒及ＩＢＤ阳性出血清，ＩＢＤＶ阴性法氏囊及ＩＢＤ阴性血清和ＩＢ，ＩＬＴ，ＥＳＤ－７６，ＲＥＯ，ＮＤ，ＭＤ等６种鸡传染病的抗原及阳性血清检测，只有ＩＢＤＶ阳性法氏囊囊毒及阳性血清呈阳性反应，证明快速诊断盒对ＩＢＤＶ法氏囊囊毒抗原及其抗体的检测是特异的，与其它６种传染病的抗原和抗体无效叉反应。与ＡＧＰ对比试验结果表明，检测ＩＢＤＶ阳性法氏囊囊毒时，快 相似文献
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本试验用卵黄聚乙二醇浸提液（卵黄液）进行鸡白痢（ＰＤ），传染性囊病（ＩＢＤ）和新城疫（ＮＤ）的抗体检测，并与相应血清进行对比试验。结果表明卵黄液ＰＤ琼脂扩散（ＡＧＰ）试验与血清试验结果符合率１００％，ＩＢＤ ＡＧＰ试验和ＮＤ血凝抑制（ＨＩ）试验与血清试验结果基本一致（差异显著性检验Ｐ＞０．０５），可以代替血清进行其抗体检测；且卵黄液制备方法简单，省时省力，有实际应用价值。 相似文献
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鸡传染性支气管炎卵黄和血清抗体检测方法的探讨王招娣，韩庆彦，杨小玲，何虎成，张艳萍（甘肃省兽医技术推广总站）目前，大部分兽医基层单位采用琼脂扩散试验（ＡＧＰ）检测传染性支气管炎（ＩＢ）。ＡＧＰ需时４８小时，敏感性较低。本试验采用ＩＢ琼扩抗原及阳性血清... 相似文献
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本文应用间接法Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ进行鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）抗原的检测，其最低检出量为０．４３μｇ／ｍｌ。对人工感染／自然病例的各组织脏器进行检测，结果法氏囊的ＩＢＤＶ检出率为１００％，脾脏的检出率为８０％／８４．９％，其它器官组织如肾、胸腺、心、肝、肺、盲肠扁桃体、胸肌等均含有一定量的病毒（１１～６０％）。经统计学分析，法氏囊与脾脏的病毒检出率之间具有显著性差异（人工感染差异极显著Ｐ＜０．０１，自然病例差异显著Ｐ＜０．０５），进一步证实法氏囊是ＩＢＤＶ最主要的靶器官。试验结果表明，该法检测ＩＢＤＶ抗原，敏感性高、特异性强、重复性好，并且经济、方便、快速，适于大批量样品检测，可作为一种诊断ＩＢＤ的比较理想的方法。 相似文献
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胶乳凝集试验在鸡传染性法氏囊病诊断中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒单克隆抗体致敏的聚苯乙稀胶乳，建立了检测ＩＢＤＶ抗原和抗体的胶乳凝集和胶乳凝集抑制试验。ＬＰＡ可检测出６ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＩＢＤＶ蛋白。比较了ＬＰＡ，直接萤光抗体试验和琼脂扩散沉淀试验三种方法检测ＩＢＤＶ抗原的特异性，敏感性和相关性，明确了ＬＰＡ和ＤＦＡ的检出率高于ＡＧＰ，ＬＰＡ和ＤＦＡ检测结果的符合率为８６％。 相似文献
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The important role of values is very evident when it comes to citizens' concept of sustainability. The present paper had the objective to define sustainability as a socio-cultural concept for livestock production systems. The main research question was: how do Dutch citizens value various aspects of dairy production systems? We conducted farm visits with citizens panels in The Netherlands. We asked citizens about their on-farm perception (smelling, hearing, seeing and feeling) and what they perceived valuable to preserve for the future. We presented sustainability as a socio-cultural concept which included citizens' valuable aspects (SCA) and concerns (SCI). We defined a socio-cultural aspect (SCA) as an aspect of a livestock production system which is mentioned by society as being valuable to preserve for the future. We identified an SCA as a socio-cultural issue (SCI) when it evokes societal concern in present time or is expected to do so in the future. By qualitative analysis we identified SCAs and SCIs of dairy production systems and combined these into socio-cultural themes (SCT). We found ten socio-cultural themes which contained 42 socio-cultural aspects (SCA), of which 27 were identified as socio-cultural issues (SCI). We can conclude that that livestock production systems have more values for society than solely food production, because only one of the ten identified socio-cultural themes directly concerned food production (SCT 1), whereas the nine other themes concerned values that go beyond food production: farming activities (SCT 2), farm income (SCT 3), animals (SCT 4), landscape (SCT 5), nature (SCT 6), environment (SCT 7), farming culture (SCT 8), national culture (SCT 9) and services for society (SCT 10). One of the main values of agriculture seems the combination of apparently contradicting aspects such as technology and nature within one system. In conclusion, sustainability as a socio-cultural concept for livestock production systems is defined by a wide range of socio-cultural aspects and issues, reflecting citizens' values and concerns of that system and for a sustainable agriculture it is important that both SCIs and SCAs are taken into account. 相似文献
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Peter BÖTtcher Dr . Johann Maierl Dr . Thomas Schiemann Dr . Christian Glaser Renate Weller Prof . Karl-Heinz Hoehne Prof . Maximilian Reiser Prof . Hans-Georg Liebich 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1999,40(6):611-616
The "Visible Animal Project" (VAP) is comprised of axial anatomic cryosections and corresponding CT and MR images of a mature dog. The digital database is used for the creation of three-dimensional computer graphics of canine anatomy. The technique of cryodissection is described in detail. The combining of the corresponding CT and MR images, and cryosections as well as the data processing for the creation of three-dimensional reconstructions is presented and examples are shown. For the first time a complete high-resolution three-dimensional database of a dog is available, which can be used as the base for further high quality three-dimensional reconstructions, similar to the "Visible Human Project" (VHP). 相似文献
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The canalis alimentarius of the Burunduk (Eutamias sibiricus), a rodent belonging to the family Sciuridae, were examined macroscopically (12 animals) and light microscopically (three animals). The esophagus is lined with a stratified non-keratinized squamous epithelium. The one-chambered stomach is of a simple type covered with a glandular mucous membrane. When empty and moderately filled, the stomach looks like a curved sack and lies intrathoracally. The filled stomach extends to the left and ventrally into the regio abdominis media. The greater omentum covers incompletely ventrally and in a part laterally the intestinal mass. The intestinal canal averages about 780 mm in length, that is 6.5 as long as the whole body. The relative length of the small intestine compared with the large intestine is 36-64%. The U-shaped Duodenum is composed of a Pars cranialis, descendens and ascendens and possesses a Plica duodenocolica as well as a Plica duodenocolica accessoria. The Jejunum averages about 420 mm length and is mainly located in the right and ventral part of the regio abdominis media. As in other rodents, the cecum is well developed. The length of the ascending colon averages about the body length and forms an Ansa proximalis and two parallel loops, Ansa media and Ansa distalis coli, both lying in the right Cavum abdominis. Peculiar for the colon are Noduli lymphatici solitarii surrounding cavities lined by a surface epithelium. According to the anatomical structure of the gut and based on physiological diet facts the Burunduk is not a mere herbivore but has to be classified as an omnivore depending upon uptake of animal food protein. 相似文献
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Zomosa-Signoret V Arnaud JD Fontes P Alvarez-Martinez MT Liautard JP 《Veterinary research》2008,39(4):9
The prion protein (PrP) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of prion diseases. However, the normal function of the protein remains unclear. The cellular isoform (PrP(C)) is expressed most abundantly in the brain, but has also been detected in other non-neuronal tissues as diverse as lymphoid cells, lung, heart, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, muscle, and mammary glands. Cell biological studies of PrP contribute to our understanding of PrP(C) function. Like other membrane proteins, PrP(C) is post-translationally processed in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi on its way to the cell surface after synthesis. Cell surface PrP(C) constitutively cycles between the plasma membrane and early endosomes via a clathrin-dependent mechanism, a pathway consistent with a suggested role for PrP(C) in cellular trafficking of copper ions. Although PrP(-/-) mice have been reported to have only minor alterations in immune function, PrP(C) is up-regulated in T cell activation and may be expressed at higher levels by specialized classes of lymphocytes. Furthermore, antibody cross-linking of surface PrP(C) modulates T cell activation and leads to rearrangements of lipid raft constituents and increased phosphorylation of signaling proteins. These findings appear to indicate an important but, as yet, ill-defined role in T cell function. Recent work has suggested that PrP(C) is required for self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells. PrP(C) is highly expressed in the central nervous system, and since this is the major site of prion pathology, most interest has focused on defining the role of PrP(C) in neurones. Although PrP(-/-) mice have a grossly normal neurological phenotype, even when neuronal PrP(C) is knocked out postnatally, they do have subtle abnormalities in synaptic transmission, hippocampal morphology, circadian rhythms, and cognition and seizure threshold. Other postulated neuronal roles for PrP(C) include copper-binding, as an anti- and conversely, pro-apoptotic protein, as a signaling molecule, and in supporting neuronal morphology and adhesion. The prion protein may also function as a metal binding protein such as copper, yielding cellular antioxidant capacity suggesting a role in the oxidative stress homeostasis. Finally, recent observations on the role of PrP(C) in long-term memory open a challenging field. 相似文献
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Hirvelä-Koski V Haukisalmi V Kilpelä SS Nylund M Koski P 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,111(2-3):175-192
Echinococcus granulosus is shown to occur in eastern Finland in a sylvatic cycle involving wolves (Canis lupus) as the definitive host and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and probably also elk (Alces alces) and the wild forest reindeer (Rangifer tarandus fennicus) as intermediate hosts. Even though the prevalence of E. granulosus in reindeer has increased in recent years, it is still very low (<0.013%). The results suggest, however, that the reindeer is a good sentinel animal to show the contamination of soil with Echinococcus eggs. This is the first report of wolves acting as a definitive host for E. granulosus in northern Europe. The parasite seems to be quite common in the Finnish wolf population, with a prevalence of approximately 30% in both intestinal and faecal samples. The present results and previous ones indicate that E. granulosus infection has not spread to dogs in the reindeer herding area. 相似文献
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Mariko Moniwa Alfonso Clavijo Mingyi Li Brad Collignon Paul R Kitching 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2007,19(1):9-20
The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a member of the picornavirus family, possessing an 8-kb single-stranded RNA genome of positive polarity. It is highly contagious among several livestock species and can lead to severe economic consequences, as evidenced by the UK outbreak in 2001. The usage of real-time polymerase chain reaction has facilitated rapid detection of FMDV. Several real-time PCR instruments are available with various capabilities, such as portability and high sample volume analysis. Primers and a dual-labeled TaqMan probe were optimized to detect a single, highly conserved 88-bp segment of the FMDV 3D (RNA polymerase) gene. To increase the confidence of the RT-PCR result, a positive amplification control was synthesized to detect potential false-positive results due to contamination if a wild-type virus is used as positive control. In addition, a preventative measure against false-negative results was developed in which endogenous beta actin mRNA is coamplified by RT-PCR. Assay performance was compared on the LightCycler1.2 (Roche), the SmartCyclerII (Cepheid), and the SDS 7900HT (ABI). These assays successfully identified the FMDV genome and beta actin mRNA from several sources of infected nasal and oral swabs, as well as probang samples. 相似文献
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Uilenberg G 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,138(1-2):3-10
The history of the genus Babesia is briefly outlined. The classical differences with the main other genus of non-pigment-forming hemoparasites, Theileria, are the absence of extra-erythrocytic multiplication (schizogony) in Babesia and the cycle in the vector tick, which includes transovarial transmission in Babesia but only transstadial transmission in Theileria. Also, the multiplication in the red cell of Babesia, by budding, most often results in two daughter cells (merozoites), while that of Theileria gives four merozoites, often as a Maltese cross. In particular this means that what is still commonly called Babesia microti is not a Babesia and that it would be just as logical to speak of human theileriosis as of babesiosis. The small piroplasm of horses, long known as Babesia equi, is already commonly designated as Theileria equi. However, on molecular grounds, it may be necessary to create a new genus for these parasites. The Babesia species of domestic animals are briefly discussed and presented in a table. 相似文献
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重组牛皮蝇素A蛋白的免疫试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用由毕赤酵母表达的皮蝇素A（Hypdermin A，HA）蛋白分别免疫新西兰大白兔和牦牛，了解该蛋白免疫效果。用两种不同分子量的重组HA蛋白分别免疫新西兰大白兔1次和2次，ELISA测其抗体消长规律。结果表明，3周后抗体水平达到峰值，后缓慢下降。50KD蛋白免疫效果较30KD蛋白好，差异非常显著（P〈0．01）。用其中50KD的重组HA蛋白分别在7月和9月免疫自然感染牛皮蝇蛆病牦牛，观察感染率和感染强度，ELISA测其抗体消长规律。结果表明，7月免疫组与9月免疫组感染率分别为83．3％和36．3％（对照组为55．5％）；平均感染强度分别为6．5和4．2（对照组为13．0），差异不显著（P〉0．05）。免疫后，抗体水平上升，3个月后缓慢下降。9月免疫组免疫效果较7月免疫组好，三组抗体水平差异非常显著（P〈0．01）。上述研究结果为防治牛皮蝇蛆病疫苗的深入研究和实践运用提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the growth precipitation (GP) test for routine identification. The test was performed as described by Heitmann & Kirchhoff (1978) which is a modification of the method of Krogsgaard-Jensen (1972). On the basis of examination of 82 strains, using indirect immunofluorescence (IMF) and growth inhibition (GI) as well as GP tests it is concluded that the GP test seems to be very useful for species identification in the genus Acholeplasma, as this method displayed fewer cross-reactions between species than the other 2 tests. When applied to the genus Mycoplasma, however, the GP test is not species-specific, due to cross reactions observed within the group of arginine positive and within the group of glucose and scrum digestion positive species. In the genus Mycoplasma the method can only be used as a screening tool, and final identification is in general based on growth inhibition and immunofluorescence. 相似文献
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van der Woerdt A 《Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice》2001,16(1):58-61
The uvea of the eye is divided into the anterior uvea (iris and ciliary body) and posterior uvea (choroid). Clinical signs of anterior uveitis include conjunctival hyperemia, corneal edema, aqueous flare, miosis, and a decrease in intraocular pressure. Inflammation of the posterior uvea often involves the retina as well resulting in a chorioretinitis. Clinical signs of chorioretinitis may include multifocal lesions in tapetal or nontapetal fundus, retinal detachment, and a decrease in vision. The etiology of uveitis is complex and includes numerous infectious, neoplastic, immune-mediated, and other diseases. Treatment is directed at the underlying systemic disease, if present, as well as symptomatic treatment for the eye. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach to a patient with uveitis is discussed. 相似文献