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1.
三倍体大黄鱼的诱导及其对生长、性腺发育的影响 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
自20世纪50年代以来,采用染色体操作技术人工诱导多倍体在鱼类遗传育种领域已得到广泛的应用。国内外已先后在三棘刺鱼[1]、鲤[2]、水晶彩鲫[3]等30多种鱼类成功获得三倍体。在理论上,由于三倍体性腺发育受阻,其用于性腺发育的能量可全部用于生长。因此鱼类育种学家期望通过诱导三倍体,使经济鱼类生长更快,经济效益更高。但历经30余年的研究,诸家看法仍未统一。一些学者认为三倍体鱼比二倍体生长快[4,5],另一些学者则认为三倍体鱼并不比二倍体生长快[6,7]还有一些学者的研究表明三倍体鱼在性成熟以后比二倍体生长稍快[8,9]。对于三倍体… 相似文献
2.
根据2017-2019年在洞庭湖采集的228尾花[鱼骨](Hemibarbus maculatus)样本,使用耳石和鳞片研究其年龄、生长和资源现状。结果显示:耳石和鳞片是良好的年龄鉴定材料,鳞片上年轮特征以普通切割型为主,耳石重量可用于粗略、快速年龄鉴定。样本体长90~262 mm,优势体长组120~180 mm;体重11.0~399.0 g,优势体重组为20.0~80.0 g;年龄组成1~4龄,1龄为优势年龄组。体长体重关系:W=7.434×10^-6 L s 3.165,b值显著大于3,为异速生长鱼类。Von Bertalanffy生长方程:L t=301.4[1-e-0.471(t+0.341)],W t=522.0[1-e-0.471(t+0.341)]3.165,拐点年龄2.11龄(体长206.2 mm,体重156.9 g)。花[鱼骨]为典型的r-选择鱼类,总死亡系数3.321,自然死亡系数0.823,开发率为0.752,种群处于过度开发状态。建议起捕体长为172.2 mm,开发率降至0.601,同时在繁殖季节设置人工鱼巢,以恢复洞庭湖花[鱼骨]种群资源。 相似文献
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采用Meta分析法,分析甘露寡糖对鱼类增重率、特定生长率和饵料系数的影响,以评价甘露寡糖对鱼类是否有促进生长作用,为甘露寡糖作为鱼类促长添加剂提供参考依据。使用计算机检索CNKI数据库,搜索甘露寡糖对鱼类生长影响的相关研究文献,对符合纳入标准的文献进行提取数据和Meta分析。结果:共纳入文献12篇,与空白对照组相比,添加组的增重率、特定生长率显著高于对照组,且具有统计学意义[MD=24.77,95%CI=(11.92,37.61),P=0.000 2][MD=0.10,95%CI=(0.07,0.13),P0.000 01],而饵料系数显著低于对照组,且具有统计学意义[MD=-0.16,95%CI=(-0.24,-0.08),P=0.000 1]。结论:甘露寡糖具有提高鱼类增重率和特定增长率、降低鱼类饵料系数的作用。 相似文献
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采用鳞片材料对采自长江干流宜昌和重庆江段圆口铜鱼（Coreius guichenoti）的年龄进行鉴定,并对其生长方程、生长拐点等生物学特征进行了研究。结果表明,调查江段圆口铜鱼的年龄组成以1、2龄个体为主;体长（L）和鳞径（R）呈线性关系,L=15.327R＋71.349;体重（W）与体长（L）呈幂指数关系,W=0.00002L2.9942;体长von Bertalanfy生长方程为Lt=730.15[1-e-0.12（t＋1.01）];体重生长方程为Wt=7493.05[1-e-0.12（t＋1.01）]2.9942;其生长拐点年龄为8.13龄。圆口铜鱼体长生长3龄前为快速期,之后生长减缓。为了保护长江干流圆口铜鱼资源,建议以278mm为最小捕捞个体的体长。 相似文献
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浙江近海棘头梅童鱼生长规律与群体组成的研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
本文根据浙江近海棘头梅童鱼的生物学测定资料,应用Von Bertalanffy鱼类生长方程分析棘头梅童鱼的生长规律,并与另外几种石首鱼科鱼类进行比较,显示出梅童鱼具有寿命短、生长迅速特性。同时,通过对棘头梅童鱼群体组成分析,认为浙江近海捕捞以采用梅童鱼拖网或定置刺网为好,渔期以冬春季比较适宜。 相似文献
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花鲈为沿海及河口的名贵经济鱼类 ,可驯化生活于淡水作为池塘养殖对象。本文对花鲈在池塘养殖条件下仔稚鱼的摄食节律和生长进行了初步观察 ,显示其体长和体重的相关关系式为 :W =0 8831×10 5L3 150 1,体长生长方程为 :Lt =2 5 1 876 0× [1-e0 0 63 5(t-0 0 3 0 1) ],体重生长方程为Wt =32 0 6 2 6 7× [1-e0 0 63 5(t-0 0 3 0 1) ]3 150 1,生长拐点为 18 0 4周。幼鱼常集群摄食 ,其摄食强度高峰为上午 9∶0 0及下午 5∶0 0。 相似文献
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鱼类鳞片应用于鱼类生态学的研究有着重要的意义,早在50年前采用鳞片来估测鱼类生长的方法就已推广。以往,鳞片一般用于估测鱼类年龄,鱼的年生长率以及用退算法推测鱼类的生长历史(包括体重、体长、生长率)。但对鱼类在短期生 相似文献
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研究长脂拟鲿的年龄和生长特征,为开展其人工养殖、种质鉴定以及资源的利用与保护提供基础资料。样品鱼于2013年2-10月采自贵州境内沅江水系氵舞阳河,共193尾,体长94~209 mm、体重9.7~59.2 g。以脊椎骨、匙骨、鳃盖骨、胸鳍棘等为年龄鉴定材料,研究了长脂拟鲿的年龄和生长特性,阐述年轮特征,计算了相对生长率、瞬时生长率、生长常数、生长指标等生长参数。脊椎骨椎体的年轮标志最清晰,其各个生长年带的径向宽度近似相等,为长脂拟鲿年龄鉴定的理想材料;脊椎骨椎体年轮为疏密型年轮,年轮形成的时间为3-7月。氵舞阳河长脂拟鲿渔获物年龄组成为1~8龄,2~4龄为优势年龄组,占总样本量的84.97%。长脂拟鲿体长与脊椎骨轮径关系的拟合方程为L=60.91R+65.709,体长与体重关系的拟合方程为W=0.00074 L2.0935。von Bertalanfy、Gompertz和Logistic生长方程对长脂拟鲿体长、体重生长的拟合度均较高(r~20.98),以von Bertalanfy生长方程拟合度最高。长脂拟鲿von Bertalanfy生长方程为:L_t=364.32[1-e~(-0.058(t+4.001))],W_t=170.49[1-e~(-0.058(t+3.994))]2.0935。生长拐点年龄为8.73龄,拐点年龄时体长、体重分别为190.22 mm、43.74 g。长脂拟鲿生长可以划分为1~5龄、6~7龄两个不同的生长阶段。长脂拟鲿属生长缓慢鱼类,其生长为异速生长。 相似文献
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本文对渤海黄海北部鲈鱼的生长做了粗浅的研究。鲈鱼是一种较匀速生长的鱼类，可用Von Bertalanffy生长方程描述。该鱼生长迅速，体长(本文用全长)生长第一年最快，以后各年依次减缓；体重增长以Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ龄最快，体重增长的理论拐点值为4．3龄。 相似文献
10.
驼背鲈的年龄与生长特征 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
鉴定和描述了驼背鲈鳞片的年龄及其年轮特征,采用4种生长模型来模拟其体长生长过程,通过比较分析得出最适的生长方程,并对其生长拐点以及生长指标等生长特征进行了相应分析。实验结果表明,驼背鲈鳞片的年轮特征主要表现为疏密型,偶见副轮和生殖轮。vonBertalanffy生长方程、Gompertz生长方程、Log istic生长方程以及三项式方程均可反映驼背鲈的体长生长过程,其生长特点属于均匀生长类型,其中Gompertz生长方程能更好地描述10龄以前的体长生长性状。体长体重的von Bertalanffy生长方程为:Lt=566.0139[1-e-0.1549(t 1.0988)];Wt=4531.0076[1-e-0.1641(t 0.76635)]3.0245。体长与体重关系为Wt=2.3×10-5Lt3.0245。渐近体长L∞=566.0139 mm,渐近体重W∞=4531.0076 g,体重生长拐点tr=5.98龄,此时的体长与体重分别为376.94 mm和1 346.26 g。 相似文献
11.
Ivy Elizabeth Baremore Kate Irene Andrews Loraine Frances Hale 《Fisheries Research》2009,99(3):203-209
Several methods were used in an attempt to develop an age and growth model for the Atlantic angel shark (Squatina dumeril). Band counts from vertebral sections, which were fit to the traditional von Bertalanffy growth equation, the Gompertz growth equation, and the two-parameter von Bertalanffy growth equation, did not produce realistic parameter estimates. Additionally, a length-based Bayesian model was applied to fishery-independent length–frequency data, and a full Bayesian model was fitted to length-at-age data to estimate parameters for von Bertalanffy growth equation. Both the length-based and full Bayesian models failed to converge; the length–frequency data showed high bimodality unrelated to season, year, or other factors, and band counts were not predictable by length. Vertebral band counts were not valid for ageing Atlantic angel sharks, and length-based methods, which require normally distributed length–frequencies, were not appropriate for this data set. This study represents the first attempt at modeling age and growth for this species and provides research guidelines for future research initiatives. 相似文献
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Abstract. In aquaculture experiments of only a few months'duration, fish can approach their asymptotic size and growth rates may change greatly. One objective of aquaculture is to obtain a maximum economic return, and a growth model is needed to relate rate of growth to food consumption and other costs to find the optimum duration of growth cycles. Von Bertalanffy's equation is an asymptotic growth model which can be used for this purpose. A variable growth rate model was developed to describe fish growth oscillations observed in aquaculture experiments. This growth model provides improved estimates of von Bertalanffy's equation in aquaculture and can be used for an efficient evaluation of fish production during production cycles. 相似文献
13.
A new concept related to growth coefficient 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ABSTRACT: Although the notion of growth coefficient is important in growth analysis, its meaning is not necessarily pointed out clearly, at least analytically. The present paper, based on the von Bertalanffy model, gives an extended quantity of it and investigates its properties for logistic and Gompertz models. It is age dependent and converges to the coefficient of age in the models, growth coefficient in the traditional sense. The graphs of the quantity and the length show similarity for the logistic model, but not for the Gompertz model, although they show the same type of fluctuation. Moreover, the analysis indicates that the newly defined quantity has a property suitable to be called a growth density of the growth of length. Our discussion also shows the importance of the notion of growth remainder. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Age and growth of the yellowstriped butterfish, Labracoglossa argentiventris , around Izu Oshima Island were studied using a total of 1450 fish. Age was determined by counting the edge of the opaque zones as a ring mark on sectioned sagittal otoliths. Formation of the first ring was observed during spring or summer, corresponding to 1.5 years after hatching. Thereafter, one ring was formed each year in the same season as the previous year. The growth of the butterfish was rapid until 2 years of age. The maximum likelihood method was applied to the age and length data for estimating parameters in von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, and Logistic growth models. The selected model, based on the Akaike Information Criterion, was the von Bertalanffy growth model, which indicated differential asymptotic length and variance by sex. 相似文献
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Multimodel approaches in shark and ray growth studies: strengths,weaknesses and the future 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jonathan J Smart Andrew Chin Andrew J Tobin Colin A Simpfendorfer 《Fish and Fisheries》2016,17(4):955-971
Multimodel frameworks are common in contemporary elasmobranch growth literature. These techniques offer a proposed improvement over individual growth functions by incorporating additional candidate models with alternative characteristics. Sigmoid functions (e.g. Gompertz and logistic) are a popular alternative to the commonly used von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF) as they are hypothesized to better suit certain taxa based on body shape (such as batoids) or reproductive mode (such as egg‐layers). However, this hypothesis has never been tested. This study examined 74 elasmobranch multimodel growth studies by comparing the growth curves of their respective candidate models. Hypotheses regarding model performances were rejected as the VBGF was equally likely to fit best for all taxa and reproductive modes. Subsequently, no individual model was suited to be used a priori. Differences between candidate model fits were greatest at age zero with Gompertz and logistic functions providing estimates that were 15% and 23% larger on average than the VBGF, respectively. However, length‐at‐age estimates of the different models became negligible at older ages. Differences between candidate models were mostly small (≤5%), and the multimodel framework only marginally affected length‐at‐age estimates. However, there were cases where some candidate models provided inappropriate fits that contrasted considerably to the best fitting model. In some of these instances, a single‐model framework could have yielded biologically unrealistic growth estimates. Therefore, no study could pre‐empt whether or not it required a multimodel framework. A framework was subsequently recommended to maximize the accuracy of model fits for elasmobranch length‐at‐age estimates using multimodel approaches. 相似文献
16.
怒江细尾高原鳅生长特征与食性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对2008年从怒江采集到的172尾细尾高原鳅(Triplophysa stenura)进行了生长与食性的研究。并采用von Bertalanffy生长方程、Gompertz生长方程、Logistic生长方程以及三项式方程分别拟合了细尾高原鳅的生长。实验结果显示,耳石适合于细尾高原鳅的年龄鉴定。体长与体重关系式为W=0.9996×10-5L2.9762(R2=0.9680)。体长与耳石半径间关系式为L=0.0027R1.7230(R2=0.9542)。四种生长方程均能反映其生长规律,其中von Bertalan-ffy生长方程表达式为Lt=246.9430(1-e-0.05964(t-0.1689));Wt=132.0300(1-e-0.05964(t-0.1689))2.9762。体重、生长曲线的拐点为18.45龄。食性分析表明:细尾高原鳅为杂食性鱼类,食物组成主要是水生昆虫幼虫,着生藻类,原生动物及有机碎屑等。 相似文献
17.
Three approaches for multivariate analysis of fish growth in aquaculture experiments with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus niloticus L.) based on the von Bertalanffy growth curve are presented and compared. The approaches are: an extended Gulland‐and‐Holt (GH) plot, a forced extended GH plot and a multilinear regression analysis for the growth parameter K. All three models provide valuable insight into the major environmental factors influencing the daily growth rate and explain 28–46% of the variance of the observed daily growth rate of the used data set. For all three methods, the modelled parameter is significantly related to the net yield of Nile tilapia and can, therefore, be used for the predictive modelling of management scenarios. The extended GH plot loads the influence of environmental parameters upon L∞, while the forced extended GH plot and Direct fitting of K load the influence on the growth parameter K. The latter is more in the tradition of aquaculture research. But the forced extended GH plot and Direct fitting of K can only be applied if L∞ of the cultured species is known, as the selected L∞ influences the variance in the regression variables. 相似文献
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