共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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乌金猪日粮能量水平对生长性能和胴体品质的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
本文旨在研究日粮不同能量水平对乌金猪生长性能及胴体品质的影响,采用模糊综合评定系统分析确定最佳生长性能和胴体品质所需的日粮适宜能量水平.试验采用单因子随机分组设计,选取体重15 kg左右的乌金猪90头,随机分为5组,每组18头.日粮能量水平分别为14.22、13.60、12.98、12.36和11.74 MJ/kg.结果表明,随日粮能量水平的降低,不同生长阶段的日增重逐渐降低,料重比逐渐升高,15～30 kg阶段日增重无显著差异(P>0.05).在60和100 kg体重时随日粮能量水平的降低,瘦肉重、瘦肉率和眼肌面积增加,脂肪重、脂肪率和背膘厚降低.通过拟合曲线确定15～30 kg、30～60 kg和60～100 kg阶段最佳生长性能所需的日粮适宜能量水平分别为14.01、13.15和12.98 MJ/kg.确定15～30 kg、30～60 kg和60～100 kg阶段时获得最优胴体品质时,适宜的日粮能量水平分别为11.13、11.36和11.71 MJ/kg.综合评定生长性能和胴体品质,15～30 kg、30～60 kg和60～100 kg阶段,乌金猪获得最佳生长性能的胴体品质的日粮适宜能量水平分别为13.55、12.81和13.20 MJ/kg.研究结果为乌金猪的合理饲养提供科学依据. 相似文献
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不同日粮蛋白质水平对乌金猪肉品质的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
旨在研究日粮不同蛋白水平对乌金猪肉品质的影响及最优肉品质所需的日粮适宜蛋白水平。选取体质量15kg左右的乌金猪90头,随机分为5组,每组18头,下设3个重复,每个重复6头。试验采用单因子随机分组设计,在体质量为15～30、30～60和60～100kg阶段的日粮蛋白水平分别为最高蛋白水平（HHP,18％、16％和14％）、中高蛋白水平（HMP,17％、15％和13％）、中蛋白水平（MMP,16％、14％和12％）、中低蛋白水平（MLP,15％、13％和11％）和最低蛋白水平（LLP,14％、12％和10％）。各组在不同生长阶段日粮能量、微量元素、氨基酸等水平固定。试验期至100kg体质量,分别在30、60和100kg体质量时屠宰,测定肉品质指标及肌肉营养成分,采用模糊综合评定系统分析并确定最优肉品质日粮适宜蛋白水平。结果表明,日粮不同蛋白水平对乌金猪不同生长阶段肌肉pH、系水力、剪切力、烹煮损失和滴水损失有明显影响,其中高、中、低蛋白组间差异显著（P〈0．05）,大理石纹评分随蛋白水平的降低而增加,低蛋白组显著高于高蛋白组（P〈0．05）。随着日粮蛋白水平的增加,肌肉中粗蛋白含量提高,在100kg体质量时达显著水平（P〈0．05）;粗脂肪、肌内脂肪和肌苷酸含量降低,不同生长阶段高、中、低能量组间差异显著（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。以大理石纹、剪切力和滴水损失为评定肉品质的代表指标,通过综合评定确定30、60和100kg体质量时最优肉品质适宜的日粮蛋白水平分别为15．88％、14．13％和11．42％。研究结果为乌金猪的合理饲养和改善肉品质提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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三种营养需要模式对生长肥育猪生产性能、胴体品质和瘦肉生长的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
试验选用体重约20.4kg的三元杂交[杜×(大×长)]猪96头 ,分为3个处理 ,每个处理4个重复 ,分别饲喂3种营养需要模式的饲粮 ,生长期猪体重为20～50kg,肥育期为50～92kg,研究3种营养需要模式对生长肥育猪生产性能、胴体品质和胴体瘦肉生长的影响。结果表明 ,采用建议的营养需要模式配制的饲粮饲养生长肥育猪 ,获得的生产性能、胴体品质、胴体瘦肉增重和无脂瘦肉增重以及胴体瘦肉成分与采用NRC(1998)营养需要模式配制的饲粮相近 ,而且20～90kg 期间无脂瘦肉增重已达到NRC(1998)认为的具有中-高瘦肉生长速度。采用中国(1987)营养需要模式配制的饲粮饲养生长肥育猪 ,其生产性能、胴体瘦肉增重和无脂瘦肉增重都极显著低于上述两种营养需要模式的饲粮 ,综合胴体品质也较差。从本试验结果看来 ,建议的营养需要模式可满足杜×(大×长)生长肥育猪的需要 相似文献
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选取日龄和体重相似的60头杜长大三元猪，随机分为对照组和试验组，每组30头．组内设3个重复，每重复10头试验猪。对照组仅饲喂基础日粮，试验组在基础日粮中添加300μg／kg（以铬计）的吡啶甲酸铬，预试期7d，试验期60d。试验结果表明：在育肥猪日粮中添加300μg／kg（以铬计）的吡啶甲酸铬，可使育肥猪日增重提高5．04％（P〈0．05）。料肉比降低4．01％（P〉0．05）；同时可以使屠宰率和贮存2d的肌总色素两指标分别提高0．91％和0．24％；吡啶甲酸铬可显著提高胴体瘦肉率4．92％（P〈0．05）和眼肌面积5．32cm。（P〈0．05），同时显著降低背膘厚0．35cm（P〈0．05）。吡啶甲酸铬能显著提高育肥猪的日增重并明显降低料肉比。改善育肥猪的胴体品质．因此在育肥猪日粮中添加吡啶甲酸铬具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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商品代黑番鸭日粮适宜蛋白质水平的试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验探讨了商品代黑番鸭日粮适宜的CP水平。试验设计1～30日龄和31～70日龄两独立阶段。1．30日龄日粮ME为11．50MJ儿g,CP水平设21％、18％、15％3种：31～70日龄日粮ME为11．91MJ／kg．CP水平设18％、15％、12％3种。结果表明：以增重、饲料转化率和胴体性能为指标．在本试验条件下．商品代黑番鸭1～30日龄日粮以ME11．50MJ／kg和CP21％为最适宜：31～70日龄日粮营养水平以ME11．91MJ／kg和CP18％为最适宜。 相似文献
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文章旨在评估日粮添加不同青贮原料对羔羊生长性能、胴体性状及肉品质的影响。试验将初始平均体重为（21.63±1.02）kg的24只羔羊随机分为2组,每组6个重复（2头/重复）。两组羔羊分别饲喂青贮玉米或青贮荞麦添加水平为55%的全混合日粮42 d。结果：青贮玉米和青贮荞麦组羔羊有机物、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维摄入量及末重、日增重均无显著影响（P＞0.05）。青贮荞麦组干物质、粗蛋白质摄入量分别显著提高4.16%和6.87%（P＜0.05）,青贮荞麦组羔羊料重比较青贮玉米组料重比显著提高1.77%（P＜0.05）。青贮玉米组和青贮荞麦组生长期羔羊屠体重、热胴体重、冷胴体重和脂肪深度的影响均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。青贮荞麦组眼肌面积较青贮玉米组显著提高2.63%（P＜0.05）。青贮玉米和青贮荞麦组羔羊肌肉大部分肉品质指标无显著差异（P＞0.05）,但青贮玉米组蒸煮损失较青贮荞麦组显著提高11.32%（P＜0.05）。结论：日粮添加等量的青贮荞麦可以提高干物质、粗蛋白质摄入量及眼肌面积,降低肌肉的蒸煮损失,对羔羊日增重无负面影响。
[关键词]青贮|羔羊|生长性能|胴体性状|肉品质 相似文献
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King RH Campbell RG Smits RJ Morley WC Ronnfeldt K Butler K Dunshea FR 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(10):2639-2651
Sixty male and 60 female crossbred pigs were allocated to an experiment to investigate the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) administration (0 or 6 mg/d) and dietary lysine content on growth performance, tissue deposition, and carcass characteristics over the live weight range of 80 to 120 kg. Pigs receiving pST were given diets containing 6.9, 7.8, 8.8, 9.7, 10.6, or 11.5 g lysine/kg, whereas control pigs received diets containing 4.8, 5.8, 6.9, 7.8, 8.8 or 9.7 g lysine/kg. These dietary levels ranged from 0.40 to 0.70 g available lysine/MJ of DE for pST-treated pigs and from 0.28 to 0.58 g available lysine/MJ of DE for control pigs. Pigs were individually housed in pens, and there were five replicates of each treatment. All diets contained 14.5 MJ of DE/kg and were offered for ad libitum consumption to pigs between 80 and 120 kg live weight. Growth rate increased exponentially and food conversion ratio (FCR) decreased exponentially with increasing levels of lysine. In addition, there was a significant sex x pST interaction such that pST reduced the sex difference in FCR. Growth rate was faster in boars than in gilts and was increased by pST at the higher levels of dietary lysine. Similarly, FCR was lower for boars than for gilts and was decreased by pST at the higher dietary lysine levels. The optimum growth rate and FCR were defined as the lysine level at which growth rate and FCR were 95% and 105%, respectively, of the lysine plateau. The optimum growth rate and FCR were achieved at similar dietary lysine contents and were approximately 0.35 and 0.52 g available lysine/MJ of DE for control and pST-treated pigs, respectively. Protein deposition in the carcass increased exponentially with increasing dietary lysine level, was higher in boars than in gilts, and was increased by pST at the higher dietary lysine contents. Sex had no effect on dietary lysine required to maximize protein deposition. The dietary lysine contents required to ensure 95% of plateau protein deposition of 104 and 153 g/d were 0.39 and 0.55 g available lysine/MJ of DE for control and pST-treated pigs, respectively. The increase in lysine requirement with pST seems to be commensurate with the increase in protein deposition. 相似文献
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Influence of dietary protein and recombinant porcine somatotropin administration in young pigs: growth, body composition and hormone status 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
T J Caperna N C Steele D R Komarek J P McMurtry R W Rosebrough M B Solomon A D Mitchell 《Journal of animal science》1990,68(12):4243-4252
The influence of dietary protein and recombinant porcine somatotropin (rpST) administration on growth and body composition was investigated in barrows. Ten groups of six pigs starting at 30 kg were restrictively fed (approximately 80% of ad libitum) one of five diets containing 11, 15, 19, 23 or 27% protein. Diets contained skim milk (12%). Soybean meal diluted with cornstarch was used as the supplemental source of dietary protein. Diets were isocaloric (3.8 Mcal DE/kg) and all contained the same amount of lysine (18 to 20 g/kg). Thirty pigs were treated daily with rpST (100 micrograms/kg) by i.m. injection; the remaining pigs were treated with sterile diluent (control) for 42 d. Growth rate was greater in rpST-treated pigs at all levels of protein intake; however, the magnitude of the response to rpST treatment was lowest among pigs fed the diet containing 11% protein. Feed:gain ratio, backfat depth and carcass fat content were decreased in rpST-treated pigs compared to respective controls. Additionally, the concentration of carcass fat decreased concomitantly with an increase in dietary protein intake. Concentration of carcass protein increased linearly as dietary protein increased in control and rpST-treated pigs. In contrast, treatment with rpST was associated with an increased visceral mass; the concentration of protein and fat in the viscera was influenced by protein intake but not by rpST. These results, characterized by few treatment interactions, suggest that when energy intake is kept constant and appropriately fed pigs serve as controls, dietary protein and rpST influence growth and body composition by independent mechanisms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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Keisuke Maeda Fumika Yamamoto Masanari Toyoshi Masakazu Irie 《Animal Science Journal》2014,85(4):427-434
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary lysine/protein ratio and fat levels on the growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of finishing pigs fed feed made from food waste, including noodles and chocolate. Four dietary treatments, 2 levels of lysine/protein ratio (0.035 and 0.046) and 2 levels of fat (3.3% and 6.0%), were adapted to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Each diet for the finishing pigs contained the same levels of adequate crude protein (16%) and lysine (0.58–0.75%), and similar levels of high total digestible nutrients (90.2–92.6%). In total, 32 LWD pigs with an average body weight of 57.2 kg were assigned to 4 dietary groups. The pigs were slaughtered at about 115 kg. Growth performance was not influenced by the dietary treatments. Carcass characteristics were slightly influenced by the dietary fat level. As the dietary lysine/protein ratio decreased, the marbling score of Longissimus dorsi muscle increased and the intramuscular fat (IMF) increased from 6.82% to 9.46%. Marbling score was not significantly influenced by the dietary fat level. These results indicate that IMF increased without adverse effects on growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality, when pigs were fed a diet with low lysine/protein ratio. 相似文献
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K Q Owen J L Nelssen R D Goodband M D Tokach K G Friesen 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(6):1509-1515
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of dietary L-carnitine on growth performance and carcass composition of nursery and growing-finishing pigs. In Exp. 1,216 weanling pigs (initially 4.9 kg and 19 to 23 d of age) were used in a 35-d growth trial. Pigs were blocked by weight in a randomized complete block design (six pigs per pen and six pens per treatment). Four barrows and four gilts were used to determine initial carcass composition. L-Carnitine replaced ground corn in the control diets to provide 250, 500, 750, 1,000, or 1,250 ppm. On d 35, three barrows and three gilts per treatment (one pig/block) were killed to provide carcass compositions. L-Carnitine had no effect (P > 0.10) on growth, percentages of carcass CP and lipid, or daily protein accretion. However, daily lipid accretion tended to decrease and then return to values similar to those for control pigs (quadratic P < 0.10) with increasing dietary L-carnitine. In Exp. 2, 96 crossbred pigs (initially 34.0 kg BW) were used to investigate the effect of increasing dietary L-carnitine in growing-finishing pigs. Pigs (48 barrows and 48 gilts) were blocked by weight and sex in a randomized complete block design (two pigs/pen and eight pens/treatment). Dietary L-carnitine replaced cornstarch in the control diet to provide 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 ppm in grower (34 to 56.7 kg; 1.0% lysine) and finisher (56.7 to 103 kg; 0.80% lysine) diets. At 103 kg, one pig/pen was slaughtered, and standard carcass measurements were obtained. Dietary L-carnitine did not influence growth performance (P > 0.10). However, increasing dietary carnitine decreased average and tenth-rib back-fat (quadratic, P < 0.10 and 0.05), and increased percentage lean and daily CP accretion rate (quadratic, P < 0.05). Break point analysis projected the optimal dosage to be between 49 and 64 ppm of L-carnitine for these carcass traits. It is concluded that dietary carnitine fed during the nursery or growing-finishing phase had no effect on growth performance; however, feeding 49 to 64 ppm of L-carnitine during the growing-finishing phase increased CP accretion and decreased tenth-rib backfat. 相似文献
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Fernández-Fígares I Wray-Cahen D Steele NC Campbell RG Hall DD Virtanen E Caperna TJ 《Journal of animal science》2002,80(2):421-428
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dietary betaine over a range of concentrations (between 0 and 0.5%) on growth and body composition in young feed-restricted pigs. Betaine is associated with decreased lipid deposition and altered protein utilization in finishing pigs, and it has been suggested that the positive effects of betaine on growth and carcass composition may be greater in energy-restricted pigs. Thirty-two barrows (36 kg, n = 8 pigs per group) were restrictively fed one of four corn-soybean meal-skim milk based diets (18.6% crude protein, 3.23 Mcal ME/kg) and supplemented with 0, 0.125, 0.25, or 0.5% betaine. Feed allotment was adjusted weekly according to BW, such that average feed intake was approximately 1.7 kg for all groups. At 64 kg, pigs were slaughtered and visceral tissue was removed and weighed. Carcasses were chilled for 24 h to obtain carcass measurements. Subsequently, one-half of each carcass and whole visceral tissue were ground for chemical analysis. Linear regression analysis indicated that, as betaine content of the diet was elevated from 0 to 0.5%, carcass fat concentration (P = 0.06), P3 fat depth (P = 0.14) and viscera weight (P = 0.129) were decreased, whereas total carcass protein (P = 0.124), protein deposition rate (P = 0.98), and lean gain efficiency (P = 0.115) were increased. The greatest differences over control pigs were observed in pigs consuming 0.5% betaine, where carcass fat concentration and P3 fat depth were decreased by 10 and 26%, respectively. Other fat depth measurements were not different (P > 0.15) from those of control pigs. In addition, pigs consuming the highest betaine level had a 19% increase in the carcass protein:fat ratio, 23% higher carcass protein deposition rate, and a 24% increase in lean gain efficiency compared with controls. Dietary betaine had no effects (P > 0.15) on growth performance, visceral tissue chemical composition, carcass fat deposition rate, visceral fat and protein deposition rates, or serum urea and ammonia concentrations. These data suggest that betaine alters nutrient partitioning such that carcass protein deposition is enhanced at the expense of carcass fat and in part, visceral tissue. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同能量和蛋白质水平饲粮对宁乡猪生长性能、胴体品质及肉品质的影响。选用体重约18 kg的宁乡猪仔猪72头,随机分为3组(每组4个重复,每个重复6头):对照组饲喂基础饲粮(前、中、后3期蛋白质水平分别为14.03%、12.06%、11.01%;全期消化能为12.15 MJ/kg);试验A组饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上3期蛋白质水平各降低约2个百分点、全期消化能降低1.25 MJ/kg的低营养水平饲粮;试验B组饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上3期蛋白质水平各降低约3个百分点、全期消化能降低2.50 MJ/kg的超低营养水平饲粮。试验期180 d。结果表明:1)试验组前期料重比和平均日增重较对照组显著提高(P<0.05);从全期来看,3个组间生长性能差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)试验B组的肥肉率较对照组和试验A组显著降低(P<0.05),瘦肉率有提高趋势。与对照组相比,试验组胴体垂直长均极显著提高(P<0.01);试验B组胴体斜长、皮厚显著提高(P<0.05)。3)试验组背最长肌pH 1 h显著降低(P<0.05),其他肉品质性状各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,降低饲粮能量和蛋白质水平,对宁乡猪生长性能和肉品质没有明显负面影响,且能提高屠宰性能,改善胴体组成。在本试验中,超低营养水平饲粮对胴体组成的改善效果优于低营养水平饲粮。 相似文献
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Growth and adipose tissue metabolism in young pigs fed cimaterol with adequate or low dietary protein 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
H J Mersmann C Y Hu W G Pond D C Rule J E Novakofski S B Smith 《Journal of animal science》1987,64(5):1384-1394
The beta-adrenergic agonist, cimaterol, was fed to young growing pigs to determine whether the carcass compositional changes observed in finishing pigs fed a beta-adrenergic agonist would be manifest in young animals. Furthermore, because cimaterol increased the deposition of lean mass in finishing pigs, it could have a protein sparing effect in young pigs that are rapidly accreting muscle mass and have a high dietary protein requirement. Pigs were fed cimaterol (at 0, .25 and .50 mg X kg-1 diet) and either an adequate (18%) or restricted (14%) protein diet from about 10 to 60 kg body weight. Pigs that were fed the 14 compared with 18% protein diet grew slower and ate less but had the same gain-to-feed ratio. These pigs also had shorter carcasses, less lean muscle and more fat deposition (assessed by carcass measurements and carcass chemical composition) than pigs that received adequate protein. Plasma protein and albumin concentrations were greater and plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and fatty acid concentrations were lower in pigs fed high compared with low dietary protein. Dietary cimaterol had no effect on any of the growth or carcass variables or on adipose tissue metabolism. When fed the high protein diet, cimaterol-supplemented pigs had smaller livers and stomachs. Dietary cimaterol did not have any major detectable effects on these young pigs, nor was there any evidence for a protein sparing effect. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中玉米脱水酒精糟及其可溶物（ＤＤＧＳ）和维生素 Ｅ（ＶＥ）水平对肥育猪生长性能、胴体和肉品质的影响。采用 ３×２两因子完全随机试验设计,设 ３个玉米ＤＤＧＳ水平（０、１５％、３０％）和 ２个维生素 Ｅ水平（１０、２１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）。选取平均体重为（６０±２）ｋｇ的“杜 ×长 ×大”三元杂交肥育猪 ４８头（公母各占 １／２）,按性别、体重随机分为 ６个组,每个组 ８个重复,每个重复 １头猪。试验期为 ４２ｄ。结果表明：１）玉米 ＤＤＧＳ水平对肥育猪平均日增重和料重比无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）,对平均日采食量影响极显著（Ｐ＝０．００６）,维生素 Ｅ水平及玉米 ＤＤＧＳ和维生素 Ｅ的互作对生长性能无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）;２）玉米 ＤＤＧＳ和维生素Ｅ水平及其互作对胴体重、屠宰率、胴体斜长、背膘厚度、板油率和眼肌面积等胴体品质评定指标影响均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,胴体脂肪碘值随饲粮中玉米 ＤＤＧＳ水平的提高而极显著升高（Ｐ＝０．００１）;３）玉米 ＤＤＧＳ水平对肌肉 ｐＨ、肉色、剪切力、滴水损失和大理石评分影响均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,饲粮中添加 ２１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ维生素 Ｅ可显著降低肌肉剪切力和滴水损失（Ｐ＜０．０５）。可见,在肥育猪基础饲粮中添加 １５％ ～３０％玉米 ＤＤＧＳ和 ２１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ维生素 Ｅ对其生长性能、胴体和肉品质无显著负影响。 相似文献