共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 178 毫秒
1.
本文研究了腌制鱼的水分活度(Aw值)变化及其与其他有关参数的关系。以鲳鱼作为试验原料,用混合腌渍法对鱼品进行不同时间的腌制,然后观察鱼体中水分活度、盐分含量和水分含量的变化情况,并进一步探索这些参数之间相互的变化关系。实验结果表明,鱼体中水分活度和水分含量的降低,盐分的增加均在开始腌制至18小时时为最快;18小时后变化缓慢;34小时后基本趋向平衡。实验表明,水分活度,盐分含量与水分含量之间存在简单的线性关系,因此在腌制过程中,测定出水分和盐分含量就可以计算出水分活度Aw值,从而达到控制鱼品质量的目的。此方法在提高鱼品的保藏效果上具有一定的实用价值。 相似文献
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在水温(24±1)℃下,将初始体质量(50.00±4.12)g的尼罗罗非鱼放入150 cm×60 cm×40 cm循环可控水族缸内,每箱15尾,每组设置3个平行。将尼罗罗非鱼在盐度(12 g/L)、碱度(23.8 mmol/L NaHCO3)、盐碱(12 g/L和23.8 mmol/L NaHCO3)以及淡水(对照组)水体中分别饲养56 d,比较和测量各组鱼体生长性能指标、肌肉常规营养成分、结合氨基酸和游离氨基酸含量,研究盐度、碱度对罗非鱼生长性能和肌肉品质的影响。试验结果显示,与淡水组相比,改变水体盐度、碱度对鱼体质量增加率、特定生长率和饲料系数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。盐碱组鱼肌肉灰分含量升高,粗蛋白含量下降;粗蛋白含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05);各组水分和粗脂肪含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。各组必需氨基酸量与氨基酸总量比值和必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸比值分别为40%~41%和66%~69%,各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);处理组中必需氨基酸指数为47.06~59.66,盐碱组>碱度组>盐度组,盐碱组显著高于盐度组和碱度组(P<0.05)。碱度组、盐碱组和盐度组鲜味氨基酸总量分别为淡水组的1.78倍、1.74倍和1.63倍,且碱度组和盐碱组显著高于盐度组(P<0.05);盐碱组甜味氨基酸和游离氨基酸总量显著高于盐度和碱度组(P<0.05)。水体盐度、碱度均可有效改善罗非鱼肌肉营养价值和呈味特征,而碱度对肌肉呈味的影响效果更加明显。 相似文献
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以平均体重为10.50±1.75g的凡纳滨对虾为研究对象,分别在盐度为0、15和30的水体中用同一种饲料喂养20d,探讨不同盐度对凡纳滨对虾肌肉及血淋巴游离氨基酸组成的影响。结果表明,盐度在0、15和30变化时,凡纳滨对虾血淋巴中总游离氨基酸总量随盐度升高而显著增加（P〈0.05）;甘氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸和丙氨酸是凡纳滨对虾血淋巴中主要的游离氨基酸成分,其含量随盐度的增加而急剧增加。盐度为0、15和30时,凡纳滨对虾肌肉中游离氨基酸总量随着盐度的增加有增加趋势,但无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。甘氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸及精氨酸的含量随盐度由0、15、30的增加而显著增加（P〈0.05）;其他氨基酸在盐度0、15和30增加时,虽无显著性增加（P〉0.05）,但大部分氨基酸有增加趋势。当盐度在0、15和30变化时,游离甘氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸和丙氨酸是凡纳滨对虾体内渗透压调节的主要氨基酸。 相似文献
4.
盐度胁迫对三疣梭子蟹肌肉和血淋巴中游离氨基酸含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为探究不同盐度环境下三疣梭子蟹肌肉和血淋巴中游离氨基酸(free amino acids,FAAs)的含量及浓度的变化规律,明确FAAs的组成以及在盐度适应中发挥的作用,丰富FAAs在甲壳动物盐度适应领域的研究,为后续分子机理的研究提供依据,实验设定胁迫盐度分别为10、20、40、50,以正常海水(盐度33)为对照,用日立835-50型氨基酸自动分析仪测定三疣梭子蟹血淋巴与肌肉组织中游离氨基酸的组分,分析不同盐度环境下三疣梭子蟹肌肉和血淋巴中FAAs的含量及变化规律。结果显示,在正常海水中三疣梭子蟹血淋巴和肌肉中含量较高的FAAs主要为牛磺酸(Tau)、精氨酸(Arg)、甘氨酸(Gly)、脯氨酸(Pro)和丙氨酸(Ala)。盐度为10~50,梭子蟹肌肉和血淋巴总游离氨基酸(total free amino acid,TOFAA)的含量随盐度的增加而显著升高,非必需氨基酸(non-essentical free amino acid,NEAA)的含量随盐度的升高而上升,而必需氨基酸(essentical free amino acid,EAA)的含量变化不显著,因此,TOFAA在渗透压调节方面的作用主要取决于NEAA。发挥主要渗透压调节作用的FAAs为脯氨酸(Pro)、丙氨酸(Ala)、甘氨酸(Gly)、天冬氨酸(Asp)、谷氨酸(Glu)。Ala、Gly、Asp、Glu属于鲜味氨基酸(taste amino acid,TAA),研究表明,NEAA中的TAA在渗透压调节方面作用显著,Pro含量的升高对TOFAA含量的增加作用显著,盐度为40~50尤甚,表明Pro在梭子蟹高渗调节中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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为探究不同方式干燥卵形鲳鲹鱼片的风味差异,实验选取冰鲜卵形鲳鲹为原料,采用热风干燥、热泵干燥和冷冻干燥3种方式干制卵形鲳鲹鱼片,分别测定并分析其TBA值、呈味核苷酸含量、游离氨基酸含量和挥发性风味物质等指标。结果显示,干燥后的卵形鲳鲹鱼片中TBA值与K值均显著上升,其中冷冻干燥鱼肉的TBA值仅比冰鲜鱼片增加1.6倍,但热泵干燥和热风干燥则分别增加了5.5和4.5倍。干燥后鱼肉中的总游离氨基酸含量及味精当量较冰鲜卵形鲳鲹鱼片显著降低,其中热风干燥鱼肉的味精当量则下降了50.83%。热泵干燥鱼肉中苦味氨基酸含量和鲜味氨基酸含量分别占总氨基酸含量的19.11%和7.37%,而冷冻干燥组鱼肉中甜味氨基酸相对百分含量最高,为53.62%。3种干燥方式中,热泵干燥卵形鲳鲹的味精当量最高,为4.47谷氨酸钠(MGS)/100 g,表明热泵干燥卵形鲳鲹鱼片的鲜味程度最高。就挥发性风味成分而言,热泵干燥鱼肉酯类和酮类较多,其主要呈现果香味和焙烤坚果味;热风干燥中烃类和芳香类的相对含量约占70%,醛类和酯类相对含量达20%;而冷冻干燥中烃类与芳香类相对含量占到90%以上,醛类和酯类相对含量不足8%,其风味... 相似文献
6.
对软烤扇贝加工过程中物料的细菌特性和有关理化特性进行了研究,并对细菌菌群进行了定性和定量分析。结果表明,实验室加工中,水分含量和水分活度(Aw)的降低都主要发生在调味腌制、焙干过程,最终产品水分含量为42%左右,Aw为0.902±0.003。工厂加工在焙干、烤制过程水分含量和Aw的降低较多,成品水分含量为42%左右,Aw为0.910±0.007,控制良好。实验室加工pH下降主要发生在调味腌制过程,产品pH为5.83左右,工厂产品pH没有明显下降,最终pH为6.70左右,不符合标准要求。实验室加工原料菌落总数是(4.47±1.59)×102cfu/g,在调味摆盘和包装过程分别上升到(1.35±0.83)×103cfu/g、(7.30±0.53)×102cfu/g,在焙干、烤制过程分别下降到(5.43±0.67)×102cfu/g、(2.90±0.75)×102cfu/g,二次杀菌冷却后产品菌落总数均小于300 cfu/g。工厂加工原料菌落总数为(9.08±0.20)×103cfu/g,焙干过程上升至(4.69±0.10)×105cfu/g,烤制过程下降到(1.12±0.40)×104cfu/g,包装过程上升至(2.58±0.20)×106cfu/g。二次杀菌冷却后3个产品中,有1个产品细菌总数为340 cfu/g,不符合企业标准要求。实验室烤制冷却后样品的主要菌群为芽孢杆菌,但仍含有小比例的葡萄球菌。二次杀菌冷却后,样品中仅残存芽孢杆菌,无球菌。工厂二次杀菌冷却后样品中主要菌群为芽孢杆菌,但仍含有相当数量的球菌,比例接近1/3,表明其生产过程不良,产品质量安全存在一定的问题。 相似文献
7.
本研究分析了不同盐度环境下三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)鳃组织中游离氨基酸(FAAs)的含量及浓度变化规律,明确 FAAs 的组成及其在盐度适应中发挥的功能。结果显示,在正常海水中,三疣梭子蟹鳃组织中牛磺酸(Tau)的浓度最高(2.54 mg/g),其次分别为丙氨酸(Ala,0.65 mg/g)、谷氨酸(Glu,0.64 mg/g)、精氨酸(Arg,0.58 mg/g)、甘氨酸(Gly,0.48 mg/g)和脯氨酸(Pro,0.25 mg/g);在盐度10–50范围内,梭子蟹鳃中总游离氨基酸(TOFAA)的含量随盐度的增加而显著升高(P<0.05),盐度50时,TOFAA 的含量为盐度10时的1.48倍。进一步分析发现,非必需氨基酸(NEAA)(Gly、Glu、Ala 和 Pro)的浓度随盐度的升高而上升,而必需氨基酸(EAA)的浓度变化不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,FAAs 在三疣梭子蟹盐度适应中具有重要功能,其中发挥渗透调节功能的主要为 NEAA。 相似文献
8.
为探究传统水产加工制品咸干鲅鱼(Scomberomorus niphonius)的风味形成规律,对咸干鲅鱼自然风干不同阶段的水分含量、肌肉硬度值、游离氨基酸、呈味核苷酸以及挥发性成分进行了测定.结果表明,鲅鱼自然风干过程中水分含量逐渐减少,肌肉硬度值增大,逐渐形成肉质柔韧、富有嚼劲的特有口感.游离氨基酸总量在风干前期显... 相似文献
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《渔业科学进展》2016,(5)
本研究分析了不同盐度环境下三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)鳃组织中游离氨基酸(FAAs)的含量及浓度变化规律,明确FAAs的组成及其在盐度适应中发挥的功能。结果显示,在正常海水中,三疣梭子蟹鳃组织中牛磺酸(Tau)的浓度最高(2.54 mg/g),其次分别为丙氨酸(Ala,0.65 mg/g)、谷氨酸(Glu,0.64 mg/g)、精氨酸(Arg,0.58 mg/g)、甘氨酸(Gly,0.48 mg/g)和脯氨酸(Pro,0.25 mg/g);在盐度10–50范围内,梭子蟹鳃中总游离氨基酸(TOFAA)的含量随盐度的增加而显著升高(P0.05),盐度50时,TOFAA的含量为盐度10时的1.48倍。进一步分析发现,非必需氨基酸(NEAA)(Gly、Glu、Ala和Pro)的浓度随盐度的升高而上升,而必需氨基酸(EAA)的浓度变化不显著(P0.05)。研究表明,FAAs在三疣梭子蟹盐度适应中具有重要功能,其中发挥渗透调节功能的主要为NEAA。 相似文献
10.
栅栏技术在淡腌半干鲈鱼加工工艺中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为开发大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides,简称鲈鱼)淡腌加工制品,研究了淡腌半干鲈鱼的加工工艺。运用栅栏技术,通过分析淡腌半干鲈鱼加工过程各主要栅栏因子对制品的感官品质、风味和细菌总数的影响,优化前处理、腌制工艺(食盐、糖、酒、柠檬酸、腌制温度和时间)、干燥工艺(干燥方式、温度和水分活度)和包装工艺(包装前处理、杀菌方式、包装方式)等多种栅栏因子,获得最佳生产工艺。结果表明,鲈鱼前处理选择4g·L~(-1)柠檬酸进行浸泡清洗,采用食盐60 g·L~(-1),糖20 g·L~(-1),酒体积分数1.5%,在4℃腌制4 h,在(30±2)℃热泵干燥机中烘12 h,产品水分活度(Aw)控制在0.88左右,将产品真空包装在0~4℃放置24 h后进行巴氏杀菌(85℃,杀菌30 min),能很好地保持产品品质和风味,有效降低微生物数量,延长保质期,经贮藏实验表明淡腌鲈鱼半干制品在4℃条件下可贮藏2个月以上。 相似文献
11.
Yueqi Wang Chunsheng Li Xianqing Yang Yanyan Wu Yongqiang Zhao 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2018,27(4):496-507
The main objective of this work was to investigate the effects of bacterial community and free amino acids on the content of biogenic amines in Yu-lu during fermentation. Four major biogenic amines (histamine, tyramine, cadaverine, and putrescine) were identified, and the content of tyramine was positively correlated with histamine (R value = 0.9113). Aspartic acid, glutamic acid, histidine, leucine, and lysine were the dominant free amino acids. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the composition of the bacterial community changed significantly during fermentation of Yu-lu. Principal component analysis revealed the crucial links between microbial community and biogenic amines. For example, Halanaerobium was probably associated with the formation of putrescine, while Halomonas might be associated with the degradation of biogenic amines at the end of fermentation of Yu-lu. This study provided a detailed evaluation of the Yu-lu fermentation process, enabling development of better strategies for biogenic amine control in fish sauce. 相似文献
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13.
杂交瘤-单克隆抗体技术由Koehler和Milstein创建于1975年。20世纪80年代初在世界各国兴起单克隆抗体研究热潮，现在每年都有大量有关单克隆抗体的研究报道，单克隆抗体已从初期的探索性研究进入大量开发、应用阶段。Siwicki等制备了抗金鱼免疫球蛋白单克隆抗体并用于抗体分泌细胞定位和免疫水平监测，Lin和Dickeison等应用单克隆抗体分析小瓜虫保护性抗原并进行了被动免疫实验，Austin和Cartwright等建立了以单抗为核心的水产病原快速检测方法。 相似文献
14.
栅栏技术优化即食调味珍珠贝肉工艺的研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
文章运用栅栏效应的理论，确定了高水分型即食调味珍珠贝肉食品的制作工艺，分析了各种常见栅栏因子对制品感官品质及微生物的影响，优化前处理、烘干工艺、杀菌工艺、pH、水分活度（activity water，Aw）和低温处理等多种栅栏因子，形成有效防止制品腐败变质的栅栏模式。试验结果表明，原料前处理需用3％的食盐进行了清洗；采用0．15％柠檬酸溶液调节pH为5．6～5．7；贝肉调味后需经烫煮；产品水分含量45％～50％，Aw为0．88～0．90；产品真空包装，低温处理24h，再采用巴氏杀菌（80～85℃、30min），能较好地保持产品的品质和风味，延长保存期，保持珍珠贝肉特有的鲜味和营养价值，促进珍珠贝肉的开发利用。 相似文献
15.
Abimannan Arulkumar Alagusundaram Balamurugan Palanivel Rameshthangam Spiros Paramithiotis 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(8):929-939
The aim of the present study was to assess the physicochemical and microbiological changes during sun drying of salted wolf herring (Chirocentrus dorab) and coastal trevally (Carangoides coeruleopinnatus). For that purpose, the pH value, moisture, sodium chloride (NaCl) content, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), histamine, cadaverine, putrescine, tryptamine, tyramine, spermine, and spermidine, as well as total aerobic mesophilic count, amine forming bacteria, total coliforms, Staphylococcus spp., and Bacillus spp., were determined. The initial pH value was 6.4 and increased during the salt drying process to 6.9 in both cases. The initial moisture, salt, and TVB-N levels of C. dorab and C. coeruleopinnatus were 64.3 and 60.3%, 2.55 and 2.70%, and 22.8 and 16.2 mg/100 g, respectively. At the end of drying, moisture decreased to 31.3 and 35.6%, respectively; salt increased to 13.71 and 16.04%; and TVB-N increased to 35.9 and 33.13 mg/100 g, respectively. Regarding total aerobic mesophilic count, amine forming bacteria, total coliforms, Staphylococcus spp., and Bacillus spp., a statistically significant (P < 0.05) reduction of the population was observed in both cases. Regarding the biogenic amine forming bacteria, Morganella morganii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from C. dorab; Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus xylosus, and Providencia rettgeri were isolated from C. coeruleopinnatus. During sun drying, the amount of histamine, cadaverine, putrescine, and tryptamine was reduced; spermine was detected in C. dorab only during the first day, whereas spermidine was not detected. This reduction may be attributed to the presence of biogenic amine decomposing bacteria. However, further research is necessary in order to verify in situ this capacity and exploit potential applications for fish and fishery products. 相似文献
16.
《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):25-40
Tumbling increased the percentage of extracted myofibrillar protein while reducing sarcoplasmic protein extraction in processed raw fish muscle as compared to the non-tumbled control group. Egg white increased the non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and pH and lowered TBA values. The electrophoretic pattern of the treatments was not noticeably different from fresh (zero time) tissue which might be due to minimal proteolysis occuring during the tumbling process. There were significant positive correlations between total moisture and myofibrillar protein fractions, sarcoplasmic protein and NPN, total lipid and TBA, and pH and ash content. Also, negative relationships were determined between myofribillar protein and NPN and between pH and NPN. We concluded that the tumbling technique and egg white addition are useful practices to increase functional properties of fish muscle so it can be utilized to produce an acceptable restructured fish product. 相似文献
17.
Thamizhselvan Surya Robinson Jeya Shakila Narayanan Asha Hema Malini Mani Palanikumar Venkatesan Alamelu 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2018,27(3):394-404
The formation of biogenic amines in Indian oil sardines (Sardinella longiceps) collected from the Tuticorin coast of South India and treated with delayed salt-curing was investigated. Sardines were wet salt-cured in whole and gutted forms and examined in fresh and after 6, 9, 12, and 15 h delayed conditions at ambient temperature (32 ± 2°C) at four stages of salt-curing process for quality parameters and formation of biogenic amines. Moisture content decreased from 76% to 11.3% in salting followed by drying. Similarly, water activity reduced from 0.96 to 0.74 in salt-cured sardines. In contrast, total volatile base nitrogen content increased from 79 to 3,590 mg kg–1 in salt-cured sardines. Halophilic count of sardines was higher (8 log cfu g–1) after salting and decreased in drying stages. The 15 h delayed salt-cured whole sardines had higher histamine contents (1,568.27 mg kg–1), cadaverine (4,059.84 mg kg–1), putrescine (1,604.95 mg kg–1), and tyramine (862.94 mg kg–1) on the final day of drying. Whole sardines had higher biogenic amines and halophilic bacterial counts than the gutted sardines. The whole and gutted sardines salt-cured up to a delay of 6 and 12 h, respectively, at ambient temperature yielded the acceptable quality products with respect to biogenic amines. 相似文献
18.
Fereydoon Aflaki Nader Saemian Shahab Shiebani Maryam Salahinejad 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(1):43-53
The biogenic amine contents in fillets of three freshwater fish of kutum (Rutilus frisii), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and Caspian salmon (Salmon caspius) were monitored during storage at 4°C for 20 days. The amounts of biogenic amines were determined at regular intervals using high performance liquid chromatography after derivatization with benzoyl chloride. Significant differences in the levels of selected biogenic amines among the fish samples were found (p < 0.05) during storage times. While the amount of putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, and tyramine in the fish fillets increased during the storage time, the changes in spermine and spermidine contents of the fish species were minor and both showed low and inverse correlations with storage time. For each of the three fish species, the sensory acceptability limit was found to be 4–8 days. The quality and biogenic amine indices of fish samples showed high correlation with storage time (r > 0.9). The principal component analysis of the results indicated that the formation of biogenic amines displays a certain behavioral pattern in all fish samples. 相似文献
19.
常见水产品中生物胺的调查及分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究不同水产品中生物胺的产生情况,利用高效液相色谱-柱后衍生-荧光检测技术对蓝点马鲛、黄鳍金枪鱼、银鲑、牙鲆、中国明对虾、鹰爪虾、中华绒螯蟹、杂色蛤、杂色鲍中的7种生物胺含量进行调查与分析。试验结果表明,鲜活水产品中几乎不含生物胺,或仅含少量的精胺、亚精胺;腐败水产品中检出大量的生物胺,其中蓝点马鲛、黄鳍金枪鱼、银鲑、牙鲆中的组胺含量分别为422.57、640.00、309.63、151.86mg/kg,而虾、蟹、贝类等无脊椎动物几乎不产生组胺。不同水产品在腐败过程中产生的生物胺种类、含量、比例不同。生物胺总量可作为水产品腐败变质程度的指标。 相似文献