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近年来,随着中国鲟鱼人工养殖业的不断发展,达氏鳇人工养殖也是一片欣欣向荣。从1999年达氏鳇人工繁殖在抚远县水产技术推广站取得成功至今,其人工养殖历经十多年。在这期间,达氏鳇人工养殖健康有序发展,并取得一些成绩。如人工养殖达氏鳇在2006年首次生产鱼子酱,并成功出口欧美多国;在2008年对养殖达氏鳇性成熟亲鱼进行人工催产试验,并取得成功。在人工养殖达氏鳇过程中,成果与问题共存。达氏鳇苗种成活率低下是其人工养殖中存在的主要问题之一。当然,苗种成活率低下原因是多方面的,有客观上的原因,也有主观方面的原因。客观原因是遗传因素造成的,包括卵子质量、精子质量及受精卵质量等。卵子和精子质量直接影响苗种成活率,在通常情况下,人们偏重于卵子质量,而忽视精子质量,这种观念是不对的。从遗传及养殖等方面来讲,精子质量和卵子质量同等重要,精子质量的好坏直接决定受精率和孵化率的高低及人工养殖苗种成活率。在进行达氏鳇人工繁殖时使用优质精液能大大提高受精率、孵化率及苗种成活率。 相似文献
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鲟鱼人工繁育技术探讨试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
湖北宜都天峡鲟业有限公司拥有国内外鲟鱼品种最多、规模最大的种质资源库,鲟鱼水花鱼苗年产量在1.5亿尾以上。本次试验所用亲鱼均为湖北宜都天峡鲟鱼有限公司模仿自然水域环境培养的子一代鲟鱼,繁育出的鱼苗更容易转口,人工养殖成活率高。一、试验材料1.受体鲟试验用亲鱼雌鱼为达氏鳇、雄鱼为史氏鲟,均是公司从黑龙江引进经7～14年模仿自然水域环境培育的子一代亲鱼,公司各类鲟鱼品种性成熟共有1万多尾,其中达氏鳇有1000多尾。达氏鳇平均尾重121 相似文献
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2013年11月~2014年11月,测量5批次施氏鲟Acipenser schrenckii、黑龙江杂交鲟(达氏鳇Huso dauricus♀×施氏鲟♂)和达氏鳇Huso dauricus(共644尾)的体长、体质量,观察其生长、个体繁殖力、卵巢发育、卵径、卵质量和卵色等。结果表明:3种鲟雌亲鱼的体长与体质量差异显著,施氏鲟的体长和体质量显著小于杂交鲟与达氏鳇(P0.05),而杂交鲟的体长和体质量则显著小于达氏鳇(P0.05)。施氏鲟、杂交鲟和达氏鳇雌亲鱼的成熟系数(GSI)和繁殖力差异显著,杂交鲟的GSI和平均绝对繁殖力显著高于施氏鲟和达氏鳇(P0.05),而施氏鲟与达氏鳇的GSI无显著性差异(P0.05)。杂交鲟的相对繁殖力(Fw)显著高于施氏鲟与达氏鳇。3种鲟雌亲鱼产卵质量与体质量比值以10%~15%为主,该比值范围内雌性施氏鲟个体数约占同龄雌性个体的42.66%,杂交鲟为42.91%,达氏鳇为41.93%。施氏鲟和杂交鲟的卵多为棕色,而达氏鳇的卵为棕灰色。达氏鳇的卵径显著大于施氏鲟与杂交鲟。杂交鲟的绝对繁殖力、相对繁殖力及成熟系数均高于施氏鲟与达氏鳇,具有明显的杂交优势。 相似文献
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达氏鳇俗称鳇鱼,主要分布于黑龙江及与其较大支流相连的湖泊,尤其以黑龙江中游最多。2018-2019年,我们对达氏鳇苗种培育技术进行了熟化与完善,共开展达氏鳇苗种培育6批,获得20 cm以上的大规格苗种102万尾,水花至20 cm苗种阶段平均成活率75%以上。现将2019年第一批的试验总结如下:1材料与方法1.1材料试验在阜平县旺泉淡水鱼繁养场进行。苗种来自北京水产科学研究所十渡鲟鱼良种场繁育的达氏鳇水花,共20万尾。 相似文献
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达氏鳇为肉食性凶猛鱼类,具有个体大、生长速度快、抗病力强等特点,市场前景看好,越来越成为理想的养殖对象.但苗种培育技术并不成熟,苗种成活率不高,特别是仔稚鱼阶段.笔者对达氏鳇仔稚鱼培育做了研究,并取得了76%的成活率.现把达氏鳇仔稚鱼培育技术措施介绍如下,供养殖者参考. 相似文献
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Shima Masoudi Asil Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari Ghodrat Rahimi Mianji Glen Van Der Kraak 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2019,50(2):359-373
This study investigates the dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) requirement from juvenile to maturation stage in an anabantid model fish, the blue gourami, Trichopodus trichopterus. Specifically we determined the optimum dietary ARA content to maximize juvenile growth and subsequent sexual maturation and to improve the quality of their eggs and offspring. Five experimental diets containing 0.02, 0.53, 1.05, 1.60, and 2.12% ARA (of dry weight) were fed to juveniles over 5 mo. The results showed that whole‐body fatty acid profile of broodstock significantly changed in fish fed diets of different ARA content (ANOVA, P < 0.003). The highest contents of 18:2n‐6 and Σn‐6 were obtained in fish fed 0.53% ARA, and a decreasing trend was observed with elevated dietary ARA levels. Monthly specific growth rate (SGR) measurements revealed significant differences in the juvenile stage, but the SGR of broodstock was unaffected by dietary ARA. Protein and ash content of whole‐body broodstock showed no differences among groups, while lipid content decreased as ARA levels increased. Maximum volume of the oocyte was obtained in the 1.05% ARA group, while the yolk sac size increased as dietary ARA increased. The optimum growth and survival of the larvae produced by broodstock were recorded in the 2.12 and 1.6% ARA groups, respectively. It was concluded that despite the presumed ability of freshwater fish to synthesize and meet their highly unsaturated fatty acid requirements, dietary ARA higher than 1.05% had significant stimulatory effects on growth of juveniles but no obvious influence on the growth of matured fish. Also, higher ARA levels (1.6–2.12%) were found to improve the quality of eggs and offspring. 相似文献
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Takeshi Yamamoto Hiroyuki Okamoto Hirofumi Furuita Koji Murashita Hiroyuki Matsunari Yasuro Iwashita Shunji Amano Nobuhiro Suzuki 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(3):569-579
A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the growth and physiological condition of F1 amago salmon Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae juveniles obtained from broodstock that had been selected for growth on a low fish-meal (LFM) diet. F1 juveniles from broodstock showing superior or inferior growth on a LFM diet (LFM-S, LFM-I), and those from broodstock showing intermediate growth on a fish meal-based (FM) diet (FM-M), were fed a LFM diet and a FM diet. In fish fed the LFM diet, growth of LFM-S was significantly better than FM-M at 3 weeks; however, this superiority in growth disappeared at the end of the 10-week trial. Growth of LFM-I was significantly lower than LFM-S throughout the feeding trial. Growth of fish fed the FM diet was not significantly different among groups, and higher than fish fed the LFM diet. Improvements in the blood hemoglobin concentration and morphological conditions of the distal intestine and liver were observed in LFM-S fed the LFM diet. Although the effect of selective breeding was limited in F1 amago salmon, the present results suggest that continuous selection for growth with a LFM diet has potential as a method to adapt to the limited supply of fish meal. 相似文献
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投喂不同饵料对长薄鳅生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在水温18.6～21.6℃条件下,将初始体质量为(3.91±0.22) g的长薄鳅幼鱼随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复10尾鱼,饲养在圆形玻纤缸(直径1 m、高0.8 m)中,分别投喂刀额新对虾、鳙鱼、配合饲料(粗蛋白≥46.0%)、虾+饲料、鱼+饲料5种饵料,以筛选适宜于长薄鳅幼鱼的适宜饵料投喂模式。75 d的饲养结果表明,不同投喂模式对长薄鳅的存活率无显著性影响(P>0.05),而对长薄鳅的生长影响显著(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,虾组、鱼组、饲料组、鱼+饲料组的长薄鳅最终体质量无显著性差异(P>0.05),但虾+饲料组最终体质量和体质量特定生长率显著高于其他4组(P<0.05),依次为虾+饲料组>饲料组>虾组>鱼组、鱼+饲料组。5个试验组鱼的体长特定生长率无显著性差异(P>0.05),依次为虾+饲料组>虾组>饲料组、鱼+饲料组>鱼组。试验结束时,各试验组鱼的生长离散均有所升高,生长离散变化依次为鱼组>鱼+饲料组>饲料组>虾组>虾+饲料组。各试验组长薄鳅的的摄食率差异显著(P<0.05),摄食率依次为鱼组>虾组>鱼+饲料组>虾+饲料组>饲料组;虾组和鱼组的饵料系数无显著性差异(P>0.05),但显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),其他3组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。不同投喂模式下长薄鳅幼鱼的生长系数b值均小于3,呈负异速生长,但虾+饲料组的长薄鳅幼鱼生长系数b值最大。试验过程中各组鱼的肥满度均下降。研究结果显示,在本试验的不同饵料投喂模式中,投喂虾+饲料更利于长薄鳅的摄食和生长。 相似文献
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The effect of scheduled use of high‐protein and low‐protein diets on body weight and fry production of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), was determined. A preliminary feeding trial was first conducted on fingerlings. These were fed a high‐protein diet (H, 25% protein) or a low‐protein diet (L, 18% protein) daily, or diet H for 1–3 days followed by diet L for 1–4 days. Final body weight was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in fish fed diet H daily and in fish fed diet H for 2–3 days followed by diet L for 1 day (2H?1L and 3H?1L). Fingerlings on 1H?1L and 3H?2L had slightly lower growth. Based on the response of the fingerlings, five feeding schedules were tested with the broodstock. A high‐protein diet (HP, 40%) and a low‐protein diet (LP, 25%; same as H for fingerlings) were used. Feeding schedules significantly influenced body weight of female but not the male fish. Fry production was not significantly affected by the feeding schedule for broodstock. When growth, fry production and saving in feed cost were all considered, the broodstock on 1HP?1LP and 3HP?2LP feeding schedules both gave the highest overall performance. These findings give fish farmers an option in the management of feeding of tilapia broodstock. 相似文献
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Emilie Henrotte Robert S N M Mandiki Agbohessi T Prudencio Michaël Vandecan Charles Mélard Patrick Kestemont 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(9):e53-e61
In Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis), the variability in spawning quality is a major limiting factor for successful production, especially when breeders are fed with an artificial diet. The influence of the dietary DHA/EPA/AA ratio on the egg and larval quality and on the fatty acid and lipid class composition of eggs has been investigated in perch broodstock. Two experimental diets (16% lipids) with two different DHA/EPA/AA ratios, D1 (3/2/2) and D2 (23/9/1), were compared with a natural diet consisting of cultured carp juveniles, CC (10/10/1) and with a commercial diet for salmonids, CDS (14/16/1). Percentages of fertilization and hatching were comparable between fish fed D1, D2 and CC, with the highest hatching rate observed for D1 (63.5 ± 3.8%). These diets supported better values than the CDS. Larval survival and TL50 observed after osmotic stress were higher for the D1 group, followed by larvae produced by fish fed D2 and CC. Larvae from fish fed D1, D2 and CC were significantly more robust than larvae from the CDS group. Differences were observed regarding the fatty acid (FA) profile in the eggs, which was related to the dietary FA composition. The results indicate that a ratio of 3/2/2 seemed to be effective for obtaining eggs and larvae of good quality. 相似文献
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Mohammad Ali Jalali Ehsan Ahmadifar Mohammad Sudagar & Ghobad Azari Takami 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(7):804-809
Growth performance, carcass quality, survival and haematological responses were determined when Huso huso juvenile (41.7±1.8 g) fed diets containing Ergosan (an algal product) at 0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 g kg−1 for 60 days. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish at 10-day intervals (1–10, 20–30 and 40–50 with non-supplemented diets and 10–20, 30–40 and 50–60 with supplemented diets). Results showed that fish fed diets containing Ergosan had significantly higher growth than the control group ( P <0.05). Survival was not different among all dietary treatments ( P >0.05). Food conversion ratio in the fish fed a diet containing 4.0 and 6.0 g kg−1 Ergosan was significantly better than the other treatments ( P <0.05), whereas protein efficiency ratio was not different between experimental diets. Lymphocyte count in the fish fed diets containing Ergosan was higher than the other treatments. Haematocrit, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, number of erythrocytes, total leucocytes, monocyte, eosinophil, myelocyte, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were not different between treatments. Neutrophil count in the control group was higher than the fish fed supplemented diets. Furthermore, whole body lipid, moisture and fibre were not different among dietary treatments ( P >0.05) but body protein in the fish fed a diet containing Ergosan at the level of 2.0 and 4.0 g kg−1 was higher than the other treatments. Whole body ash content was higher in the control group. It was concluded that dietary administration of Ergosan can influence some growth and haematological parameters in great sturgeon, H. huso juveniles. 相似文献
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Elijah M. Kembenya Helen S. Marcial Nicholas O. Outa Yoshitaka Sakakura Atsushi Hagiwara 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2017,48(6):955-962
African carp, Labeo victorianus, is one of the threatened endemic fishes of Lake Victoria which requires conservation and has potential for aquaculture. We conducted a series of experiments on L. victorianus aiming at producing juveniles for both human consumption and stock enhancement. A total of 79 broodstock (mean body weight = 227.06 g) were collected from the wild; packed at 200, 300, and 500 g/L; and transported by road for 7 h. All fish survived during transportation whereas dissolved oxygen decreased and total ammonia nitrogen increased significantly after transport. Females produced 46,702–86,712 eggs (mean = 68,189 ± 2397) and fecundity was highly correlated with the fish body size (R2 = 0.96). Only males re‐spawned in captivity while females did not. At 28 C, females spawned 11–12 h after pairing with males. Larvae can either be fed with formulated diet or natural zooplankton. Juveniles (mean length = 36.7 mm; mean body weight = 0.46 g) can be packed as high as 60 fish/L and transported by road for 12 h with low mortality (2.7–10.3%). These results show that captive breeding of L. victorianus can be a good strategy to produce juveniles to boost wild population as well as a source of seeds for culture. 相似文献
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Abstract Growth performance, feed utilization and changes in body composition of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier) juveniles — in the weight range 2 to 200g — fed an artificial high protein diet, have been analysed against feed ration and fish weight. A polynomic equation is developed which permits prediction of growth and radon parameters in this weight range. The results are compared with the values of other cultured common freshwater fish species. Colossoma macropomum must be considered a very fast grower with good feed utilization. 相似文献
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A commercial red tilapia farm was diagnosed with Streptococcus agalactiae infection using histopathology, microbiology and immunohistochemistry. One hundred fish were randomly taken from different weight/age groups including broodstock, market fish (larger than 150 g), on-growing fish between 20 and 150 g, juveniles and larvae. Fish were clinically examined, anaesthetised and necropsied. Samples were taken from brain, liver, spleen, eyes and kidney for microbiology. All organs were processed for histopathology and an indirect immunoperoxidase test (IIP). Organs from wild fish and birds found in close proximity to the farm were also sampled for microbiology and IIP. The prevalence of lesions or infection found by IIP, histopathology and microbiology was 16%, 29% and 7% respectively. Clinical disease, lesions or infection were not seen in larvae or juveniles. By contrast, infection and disease were found in fish larger than 20 g, suggesting that the condition was linked to the intensive culture conditions of broodstock, on-growing and market fish. S. agalactiae was not found in wild fish, or in birds, by microbiology and IIP. 相似文献
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研究了放养密度和饵料种类对幼中国大鲵（Andrias davidianus）生长发育的影响,跟踪分析了自胚胎孵化至一龄幼鲵的存活与生长发育状况。结果表明,自胚胎孵化至一龄幼鲵的养殖密度为每0.1m210～20尾时,其成活率可达到100%,投放密度每0.1m2自20尾增加到60尾,平均存活率、年体长增加和年体重增加均显著降低。投喂摇蚊幼虫、猪肉、牛肉、羊肉和小鱼虾,幼苗的存活率分别为100%、90%、95%、85%和95%,体长增加分别为8.09cm、5.45cm、5.28cm、4.57cm、6.82cm,体重增加分别为25.97g、12.68g、11.82g、10.86g和20.67g。可见,摇蚊幼虫和小鱼虾是一龄幼大鲵的适宜饵料。 相似文献