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中华鳖（Pelodiscus sinensis）属爬行纲龟鳖目鳖科鳖属,是淡水养殖水产品种之一.在养殖条件下,中华鳖腹部皮肤色泽成为其外观质量评价内容之一,水产动物自身不能合成皮肤沉积所需要的色素,需要吸收饲料中色素.皮肤黄素体色需要类胡萝卜素和叶黄素作为主要色素种类,饲料中可以通过玉米色素（玉米蛋白粉等）、来自万寿菊的叶黄素等作为色素来源.中华鳖饲料目前主要为粉状饲料,其使用方式一般为在养殖现场加水、加油脂,通过加工制粒设备加工为软颗粒饲料进行投喂.本试验为在生产性使用的中华鳖饲料中,加入6％的玉米蛋白粉作为蛋白质和色素来源,在池塘养殖3个月后测定其皮肤中类胡萝卜素和叶黄素含量,试验的目的一是分析腹部不同部位皮肤色素含量的差异,二是分析饲料玉米蛋白粉中素色能否在中华鳖皮肤中有效沉积,探讨通过饲料控制养殖中华鳖体色的方法. 相似文献
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玉米蛋白粉替代部分鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾摄食量、生长和肌肉成分的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
以凡纳滨对虾幼虾[体重(0.013 6±0.001 0)g]为试验对象,以鱼粉、豆粕、肉粉和花生粕为蛋白源配制对照饲料,用玉米蛋白粉替代部分鱼粉配制3种与对照饲料等氮、等能的试验饲料,其中玉米蛋白粉用量为5%、10%和15%,分别替代鱼粉8.6%、17.2%和25.8%,饲喂凡纳滨对虾45 d,研究玉米蛋白粉替代部分鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾摄食量、生长和肌肉成分的影响.结果表明,(1)试验饲料中玉米蛋白粉用量不超过10%,对凡纳滨对虾日均摄食量没有显著影响(P＞0.05).(2)5%玉米蛋白粉组的生长效果最好,其相对增重率、增长率和饲料系数分别为2 542.8%、155.1%和1.58,前者显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),后两者与对照组没有显著差异(P＞0.05);10%玉米蛋白粉组虾的生长和饲料系数与对照组没有显著差异(P＞0.05);15%组虾的生长显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).(3)玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉对对虾肌肉的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量影响不显著(P＞0.05);对对虾肌肉氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量和呈味氨基酸含量以及必需氨基酸指数的影响也不显著(P＞0.05).(4)玉米蛋白粉在凡纳滨对虾饲料中的适宜用量为10%. 相似文献
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水环境及饲料对水产养殖动物疾病的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来水产养殖病害日益严重，阻碍了水产业的健康发展。病原体、环境和易感机体是疾病发生的三要素，特别是鱼类终生赖以生存的水环境，是诱发病害的主要因素。随着高密度集约化养殖的发展，人工饲料作为鱼虾最重要的物质基础，在疾病防治中起着越来越重要的作用，在已发现的鱼虾疾病中，有相当一部分为营养性疾病。本文浅要论述了水环境及饲料对水产动物疾病的影响。 相似文献
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以凡纳滨对虾幼虾［体重(0.013 6±0.001 0) g］为试验对象,以鱼粉、豆粕、肉粉和花生粕为蛋白源配制对照饲料,用玉米蛋白粉替代部分鱼粉配制3种与对照饲料等氮、等能的试验饲料,其中玉米蛋白粉用量为5%、10%和15%,分别替代鱼粉8.6%、17.2%和25.8%,饲喂凡纳滨对虾45 d,研究玉米蛋白粉替代部分鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾摄食量、生长和肌肉成分的影响。结果表明,（1）试验饲料中玉米蛋白粉用量不超过10%,对凡纳滨对虾日均摄食量没有显著影响（P>0.05）。（2）5%玉米蛋白粉组的生长效果最好,其相对增重率、增长率和饲料系数分别为2 542.8%、155.1%和1.58,前者显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,后两者与对照组没有显著差异（P>0.05）;10%玉米蛋白粉组虾的生长和饲料系数与对照组没有显著差异（P>0.05）;15%组虾的生长显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。（3）玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉对对虾肌肉的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量影响不显著（P>0.05）;对对虾肌肉氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量和呈味氨基酸含量以及必需氨基酸指数的影响也不显著（P>0.05）。（4）玉米蛋白粉在凡纳滨对虾饲料中的适宜用量为10%。 相似文献
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肌酸(creatine,Cr)又称为N-甲基胍乙酸或肌肉素,是一种含氮有机酸。已广泛应用于改善人类健康,尤其用于促进肌肉生长。本文综述了肌酸在动物体内的合成、转运和储存规律,以及肌酸在肌肉和肝脏能量代谢中的作用,分析了饲料补充肌酸对动物生长和屠宰性能的影响,并从肌肉pH、系水力和肉色角度综述了肌酸对肉品质影响的研究进展,最后对肌酸在水产动物中的应用前景进行了展望,以期为肌酸在水产动物营养中的研究和在饲料中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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玉米蛋白粉部分替代鱼粉对罗氏沼虾生长、氨基酸沉积率和肌肉营养成分的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
分别用0%(对照组)、5%、10%、15%的玉米蛋白粉替代饲料中0%、9.10%、18.20%、27.30%的鱼粉,配制4种等氮等能的实验饲料,饲养罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)53 d后,测定其生长、饲料利用、肌肉营养成分和肌肉氨基酸沉积率,旨在为玉米蛋白粉在罗氏沼虾饲料中的应用提供科学依据.结果表明,5%玉米蛋白粉组虾的生长和饲料利用与对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05);10%玉米蛋白粉组的生长与对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05),但饲料系数明显高于对照组(P＜0.05)、蛋白质效率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);15%玉米蛋白粉组虾的生长、饲料利用显著低于对照组、5%组和10%组(P＜0.05).玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉不影响罗氏沼虾肌肉中的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量;也不显著影响肌肉氨基酸、必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸总量(P＞0.05);对于单种氨基酸而言,除了10%和15%组的苏氨酸和15%组的丝氨酸含量显著低于对照组之外(P＜0.05),其他各组各种氨基酸含量与对照组均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉对氨基酸总量和必需氨基酸总量沉积率没有显著影响;必需氨基酸中赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和精氨酸的沉积率均较高;5%组和:10%组除了苏氨酸的沉积率显著低于对照组之外(P＜0.05),这2组的其余氨基酸沉积率与对照组均无显著性差异(P＞0.05);15%组除了丙氨基酸沉积率与对照组无显著差异之外(P＞0.05),其他氨基酸沉积率均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).在本实验条件下,罗氏沼虾饲料中玉米蛋白粉的适宜用量为5%～10%,对鱼粉的适宜替代量为9.10%～18.20%. 相似文献
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玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉对大菱鲆摄食、生长及体组成的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
以鱼粉和玉米蛋白粉作蛋白源,配制6种等氮等能的饲料。其中5种饲料(C0、C12、C25、C38和C50.5)分别含有0%、12%、25%、38%和50.5%的玉米蛋白粉以替代相应的鱼粉蛋白。其余1种饲料(C50.5CAA)是在饲料C50.5基础上补充1.8%晶体氨基酸混合物(L-lysine:1.2%,L-arg:0.6%)。经7周的生长试验,结果表明随着饲料中玉米蛋白粉替代水平的升高,大菱鲆(12.51±0.02)g的摄食率、特定生长率、饲料效率和蛋白质效率均显著下降。饲料中玉米蛋白粉含量为50.5%时,大菱鲆摄食率显著低于其他处理组(P<0.05)。当饲料中玉米蛋白粉含量超过25%时,大菱鲆特定生长率显著低于对照组(C0)(P<0.05)。当饲料中玉米蛋白粉含量超过38%时,饲料效率和蛋白质效率与对照组(C0)相比显著下降(P<0.05)。C50.5CAA组的摄食率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率与C50.5组相比都有升高的趋势,但差异不显著。而饲料中添加晶体氨基酸显著提高了大菱鲆的饲料效率(P<0.05)。饲料中玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉对大菱鲆鱼体水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪及灰分含量均无显著影响。饲料中玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉对大菱鲆血清甘油三酯和尿素氮含量也不产生显著影响,然而,随着饲料中玉米蛋白粉含量升高,血清总胆固醇含量显著下降(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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4种豆粕替代鱼粉对大黄鱼生长、抗氧化及抗菌能力的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
分别用9种等氮等能的饲料投喂初始体质量为(34.72±0.28)g的大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)。其中1组投喂对照饲料(含50%鱼粉,不含豆粕),另外8个试验组分别投饲由去皮豆粕(DSM)、酶解豆粕(ESM)、发酵豆粕Ⅰ(FSMⅠ)和发酵豆粕Ⅱ(FSMⅡ)替代20%和40%的鱼粉的饲料,9组分别命名为FM、DSM20、DSM40、ESM20、ESM40、FSMⅠ20、FSMⅠ40、FSMⅡ20、FSMⅡ40。在海水浮式网箱中进行7周的养殖实验后,评定4种豆粕替代鱼粉的可行性及适宜替代水平。结果显示,试验组与对照组鱼存活率和特定生长率无显著差异(P0.05)。血清生化指标显示,FM组和FSMⅡ20组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于其它试验组(P0.05),FM、DSM20、FSMⅠ40、FSMⅡ20组过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著高于DSM40、ESM20、ESM40及FSMⅠ20组(P0.05),不同试验组的丙二醛(MDA)含量均不同程度高于对照组。酶解豆粕替代40%鱼粉导致实验鱼的血清对哈维氏弧菌的抵抗能力下降,去皮豆粕替代20%鱼粉导致血清对溶藻弧菌抵抗能力下降;但发酵豆粕不影响血清及黏液对3种菌的抵抗能力。研究表明,以特定生长率、饲料转化率和抗菌能力为评价指标,发酵豆粕是鱼粉的最佳替代源,发酵豆粕Ⅰ和Ⅱ均能替代20%~40%的鱼粉,但存在抗氧化能力下降的风险,尤其是发酵豆粕Ⅰ40%替代组;去皮豆粕和酶解豆粕替代鱼粉在抗菌能力和抗氧化能力方面无优势。 相似文献
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Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Abstract.— Feeding experiments were conducted to evaluate corn gluten meal (CGM) as an alternative protein source for fish meal in the diet of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus . A diet containing 75% white fish meal as a sole protein source was the control, and 20, 40, and 60% of fish meal protein was replaced with CGM protein in the experimental feeds. Juvenile fish of about 8 g initial body weight were fed each diet to apparent satiation twice a day. 6 d per week for 8 wk at 20 C. Survival rates of fish ranged from 98 to 100% and were not significantly different ( P > 0.05) among treatments. Final body weight, weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the diets containing CGM up to 40% substitution levels were not statistically different from those of fish fed the control diet. All production parameters for fish fed the diet replacing 60% of fish meal protein were significantly lower than the control ( P ≤ 0.05). Supplements of crystalline amino acids to the CGM diet improved the nutritive value of the diet. Since substitution up to 40% did not adversely affect hematological and hematochemical parameters as well as whole body composition of the cultured fish, it is suggested that up to 40% of fish meal protein can be replaced with CGM in the diet of juvenile Japanese flounder. 相似文献
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Evaluation of solid‐state fermented protein concentrates as a fish meal replacer in the diets of juvenile rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss 
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下载免费PDF全文 M. Moniruzzaman J.H. Bae S.H. Won S.J. Cho K.H. Chang S.C. Bai 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2018,24(4):1198-1212
We evaluated four fermented protein concentrates (FPCs) as a fish meal replacer in juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Ten diets were formulated to contain low‐temperature fish meal (LT‐FM), Vietnam fish meal (VT‐FM) and four types of FPCs as fish meal replacers (FPC‐A, B, C & D) at 30% and 50% FM replacement levels. FPC‐A was a mixture of solid‐state fermented soybean meal (SBM) and corn gluten meal (CGM) with Bacillus subtilis; FPC‐B was pretreated acid‐hydrolysed FPC‐A; FPC‐C and FPC‐D were FPC‐A + 2% shrimp soluble extract (SSE) and FPC‐B + 2% SSE, respectively. Triplicate groups of fish (average 15.4 g) were fed one of the experimental diets for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, fish fed the LT‐FM, FPC‐B, FPC‐C and FPC‐D diets showed significantly higher growth performance at 30% FM replacement than those of fish fed the FPC diets at 50% FM replacement. Fish fed 30FPC‐B, 30FPC‐C and 30FPC‐D diets showed higher weight gain (WG) than fish fed 30FPC‐A diet. Haematological parameters showed no clear trends among the experimental groups. Superoxide dismutase, lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activities were found to be higher in fish fed the LT‐FM, FPC‐A, FPC‐B, FPC‐C and FPC‐D diets at 30% FM replacement than in fish fed the FPC diets at 50% FM replacement. Antinutritional factors such as α‐ and β‐conglycinin, glycinin, trypsin inhibitors or zein were absent in FPC compared with SBM and CGM. Intestinal villi length and muscular thickness were significantly reduced in fish fed the VT‐FM and FPC diets at 50% FM replacement compared to fish fed the LT‐FM and FPC diets at 30% FM replacement. The results show that FPC‐B, FPC‐C, FPC‐D could replace up to 30% of LT‐FM in juvenile rainbow trout. 相似文献
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Almudena Enterria Michael Slocum David A. Bengtson Panayotis D. Karayannakidis Chong M. Lee 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2011,42(6):753-765
Soybean meal (SBM), corn gluten meal (CGM), and canola protein concentrate (CPC) as alternative protein sources to fish meal (FM) were individually evaluated for growth performance at 0, 20, 30, 40, and 50% replacement with amino acid (AA) supplementation using juvenile summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus, in an 8‐wk feeding. Two‐way ANOVA indicated no significant main effect for plant protein source, but a significant main effect for replacement level. Comparison of the individual treatments revealed significant differences in weight gain (WG) between the FM treatment and 50% replacement level for all protein sources, as well as between the FM treatment and 30% replacement with CPC. Replacement of FM with SBM at 40% resulted in the least cost/kg WG. In a follow‐up study, a combination of SBM–CGM–CPC at 40% replacement was evaluated with and without AA, phytase (0.2%), or taurine (1%), versus FM and SBM (40% replacement of FM) with AA. The SBM–CGM–CPC diet with either AA or taurine provided a significantly better food conversion ratio and less cost/kg WG than the SBM diet, and the SBM–CGM–CPC diet with taurine provided a significantly better protein efficiency ratio than the SBM diet. On the basis of these results, more study of taurine in plant protein diets for summer flounder appears warranted. 相似文献
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Menghe H. Li Edwin H. Robinson Daniel F. Oberle Penelope M. Lucas Brian G. Bosworth 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(2):282-287
Corn germ meal (CGM) is a by‐product of corn milling. On the basis of its nutrient composition and digestibility values, it appears to be a suitable ingredient for use in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, diets. A study was conducted to examine the use of various levels of CGM in diets for pond‐raised channel catfish. Four 28% protein diets containing 0, 15, 25, and 35% CGM were evaluated. Fingerling channel catfish (mean initial weight: 71 g/fish) were stocked into 24, 0.04‐ha ponds at a rate of 14,826 fish/ha. Fish were fed once daily to apparent satiation for a 167‐d growing season. No significant differences were observed in total amount of diet fed, diet consumption per fish, net yield, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, survival, fillet yield, and fillet protein, fat, and moisture concentrations among fish fed diets containing various levels of CGM. Carcass yield decreased linearly as dietary CGM levels increased. Depending on prices, CGM can be used interchangeably with corn gluten feed in channel catfish diets as replacements for corn, wheat middlings, and soybean meal to reduce feed cost. 相似文献
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B. Güroy İ. Şahin S. Kayalı S. Mantoğlu B. Canan D.L. Merrifield S.J. Davies D. Güroy 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2013,19(3):258-266
A nutrition trial with striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) juveniles was undertaken to evaluate the effect of replacing dietary fishmeal (FM) protein with corn gluten meal (CGM). A diet with FM as the main protein source was used as the control diet (FM). Five experimental diets (approximately 320 g kg?1 crude protein) were formulated to progressively replace 20% (CGM20), 40% (CGM40), 60% (CGM60), 80% (CGM80) and 100% (CGM100) of FM protein. Fifteen fish per tank (initial weight 11.2 ± 0.6 g) were randomly distributed into 18 80‐litre fibreglass tanks connected to a closed recirculation system (temperature 30.3 ± 1.0 °C). The diets were tested in triplicate for 12 weeks. The final weight and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed diets CGM20, CGM40 and CGM60 were not significantly different compared to fish fed the FM diet. Feed intake (FI) tended to decrease with increasing dietary CGM level. Striped catfish fed FM, CGM20 and CGM40 had significantly lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with fish fed CGM80 and CGM100 (P < 0.05). The protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed the CGM80 and CGM100 diets was significantly lower than those of all other treatments (P < 0.05). Total ammonia‐nitrogen (TAN) excretion increased with elevated dietary CGM inclusion. The viscerosomatic index (VSI) of fish fed the CGM80 and CGM100 diets were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of fish fed the other treatments. The crude lipid content in the final body composition of the striped catfish was elevated significantly with increasing dietary CGM levels. Fish fed the CGM80 and CGM100 diets displayed haematocrit levels significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those fed the other diets. The haemoglobin content in fish was significantly higher in fish fed CGM20 and lower at CGM100 compared to fish fed the FM diet. The results of the present trial indicated that the optimum level of FM protein replacement with CGM determined by quadratic regression analysis was 25.1% on the basis of maximum SGR. 相似文献
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The effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with corn gluten meal (CGM) on growth and physiological performance were evaluated in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Six experimental diets were formulated by substituting 0 (control), 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% CGM protein for FM protein. The concentrations of dietary protein in the experimental diets were 27.8–29% and the P:E ratios were 14.7–15.46 mg/kJ. Eighteen fish with an initial weight of 13.5?±?0.1 g were allocated to each of 18 circular tanks (450 L) to give triplicate groups for each dietary treatment. The fish were fed to satiation for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, growth indices, body proximate composition, and hematological and biochemical parameters were measured. Blood samples were taken from six fish in each tank. Final weight and total length were significantly higher in fish fed 100% CGM (27.8?±?1.2 g and 11.9?±?0.3 cm) than for those fed the control (22.7?±?1.4 g and 10.9?±?0.5 cm) or 20% CGM (22.3?±?1.2 g and 11?±?0.4 cm) diets. No effect of FM replacement by CGM was observed for condition factor or hepatosomatic index (P?>?0.05). The highest value of protein productive value (14.31?±?0.65) was observed in fish fed 20% CGM (P?<?0.05). There were no significant differences in percentage body moisture and fat, but percentages of protein and ash were significantly different among experimental groups; the highest values of protein (15.6?±?0.24%) and ash (3.01?±?0.26%) were recorded in fish fed 40% CGM. For hematological parameters, the highest number of white blood cells (4.1?±?0.1?×?103 mm?3) was observed in fish fed 100% CGM (P?<?0.05). In addition, the highest hematocrit (42.1?±?0.7%) and triglyceride (294.11?±?23.82 mg dl?1) were seen in fish fed the diet containing 40% CGM, while 80% CGM gave the highest cholesterol level (204.44?±?9.0 mg dl?1; P?<?0.05). Replacement of FM with CGM had no negative effects on growth and physiological parameters of common carp fingerlings in this short (8 weeks) trial, suggesting that it may be feasible to replace FM with CGM in diets formulated for juvenile common carp. 相似文献
19.
Effects of replacing fish meal with corn gluten meal on growth,feed utilization,nitrogen and phosphorus excretion and IGF‐I gene expression of juvenile Pseudobagrus ussuriensis 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Xianyong Bu Xuqiu Lian Ying Zhang Fangyi Chen Baibing Tang Xianping Ge Yuhong Yang 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(2):977-987
Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing fish meal (FM) protein replaced by corn gluten meal (CGM) protein at 0% (the control, C0), 10% (C10), 20% (C20), 30% (C30), 40% (C40), 50% (C50) and 60% (C60) were fed to juvenile Pseudobagrus ussuriensis for 8‐weeks to evaluate the effects of FM protein replaced by CGM protein on growth, feed utilization, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) excretion and IGF‐I gene expression of juvenile P. ussuriensis. The results showed that the replacement level up to 40% did not affect the weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake and protein efficiency ratio, whereas these parameters were depressed by further replacement level. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, crude protein significantly decreased, but ADC of phosphorus significantly increased with increasing dietary CGM levels (p < .05). Fish fed diets with FM protein replaced by CGM protein led to an increase in nitrogen excretion, but led to a reduction in phosphorus excretion. No significant differences were observed in alpha‐amylase and lipase activities of intestine (p > .05). The lowest pepsin activity was found in C60 group. Fish fed diet C40, C50 and C60 had significantly lower serum lysozyme activity compared with fish fed diet C0 (p < .05). The lowest plasma alkaline phosphatase activity and the highest plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were observed in C60 group. Fish fed diet C60 had significantly lower hepatic IGF‐I gene expression compared with fish fed diet C10 (p < .05). Broken‐line model analysis based on SGR against the CGM substitution level indicated that the appropriate replacement level was 37.7%. 相似文献
20.
Ariane Martins Guimares Delano Dias Schleder Mariana Nagata Renata Oselame Nbrega Dbora Machado Fracalossi Walter Quadros Seiffert Felipe do Nascimento Vieira 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(4):798-807
This study evaluated the use of microalgae (Aurantiochytrium sp.) meal as a substitute for fish oil in the diet of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in a clear‐water system. Dietary treatments at five replacement levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) were performed in triplicate. After 46 days, only a slight difference in shrimp final weight was observed among treatments (0.61 g). An increase in final weight was observed with replacement of up to 50% fish oil for microalgae meal, while the optimal percentage of replacement estimated was 44.7%. Feed conversion rate (FCR) of animals fed a diet of Aurantiochytrium sp.meal to replace up to 50% fish oil decreased, and the optimal percentage of replacement estimated was 49.3%. The fatty acids profile in shrimp muscle tissue demonstrated an increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from 10.03% to 14.28% with increased replacement of fish oil by microalgae meal in the diet. Therefore, the partial replacement of fish oil by microalgae meal resulted in improved shrimp growth and FCR, and total replacement of dietary fish oil had no negative effects on these parameters. In addition, inclusion of microalgae meal raises the level of DHA in shrimp muscle. 相似文献