共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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开展了饲料中小球藻添加量对杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”生长性能和抗氧化能力影响试验。共设置5组,分别为1个对照组(G0)和4个处理组(G1—G4)。其小球藻的添加量分别为0.00%(G0),2.50%(G1),5.00%(G2),7.50%(G3)和10.00%(G4)。于养殖的第28和56天,测定杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”鱼体生长指标和抗氧化能力指标。结果表明,随着饲料中小球藻含量的增加,杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”的体质量增加率和特定体质量增加率呈上升趋势,并显著高于对照组(P<0.05),饵料系数呈下降趋势,肝体指数较对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。抗氧化能力方面,饲料中添加小球藻可以显著提高杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”肝脏和血清中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性,能降低鱼体内丙二醛含量。指出,饲料中添加小球藻不仅可以促进杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”的生长,并提高其抗氧化能力。 相似文献
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《海洋渔业》2017,(2)
以黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)为母本、瓦氏黄颡鱼(P.vachelli)为父本通过杂交育种获得正常发育的杂交黄颡鱼子代。对黄颡鱼、瓦氏黄颡鱼及其杂交子代的核型进行了比较,结果显示:黄颡鱼的核型为2n=52,24m+20sm+4st+4t,NF=100;瓦氏黄颡鱼的核型为2n=52,24m+16sm+12st,NF=104;杂交子代的核型为2n=52,24m+20sm+6st+2t,NF=102。杂交子代分别继承了双亲的一套染色体,表明黄颡鱼(♀)×瓦氏黄颡鱼(♂)的杂交子代为真正的杂交种。对杂交黄颡鱼肌肉的营养成分进行了测定,并与双亲的营养成分进行比较。结果显示:杂交黄颡鱼肌肉中水分含量为76.90%,粗蛋白为18.40%,粗脂肪和粗灰分含量分别为3.70%和1.10%,且粗蛋白含量高于黄颡鱼(15.37%)和瓦氏黄颡鱼(17.15%)。杂交黄颡鱼含有17种氨基酸,氨基酸含量为16.16%,必需氨基酸为6.9%,鲜味氨基酸为6.14%,必需氨基酸指数为72.18。必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比例依次为杂交黄颡鱼(42.70%)黄颡鱼(41.37%)瓦氏黄颡鱼(39.42%),必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值依次为杂交黄颡鱼(0.72)黄颡鱼(0.71)瓦氏黄颡鱼(0.65),表明杂交黄颡鱼属于优质的营养资源。 相似文献
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为评价爱德华氏菌灭活疫苗对黄颡鱼的免疫效果,分析了灭活爱德华氏菌疫苗对黄颡鱼非特异性免疫应答相关的免疫基因表达和酶活性的影响。结果显示,黄颡鱼鳃组织中抗菌肽基因和肝组织中长型肽聚糖识别蛋白基因在免疫7、14、21、28d后的表达均显著上调,肠道中抗菌肽基因和脾脏组织中长型肽聚糖识别蛋白基因的表达在免疫7、14、21d亦显著上升。血清中过氧化氢酶、超氧化歧化酶和补体C3活性出现不同程度的提高,其中,黄颡鱼过氧化氢酶活力在免疫14、21d后显著高于对照组,超氧化歧化酶活力在免疫14、21、28d后显著高于对照组,在21d达到峰值,补体C3在免疫7、14、21、28d后均显著上升(P0.05),在免疫7d后血清中补体C3的含量达到高峰。试验结果表明,爱德华氏菌灭活疫苗可显著提高黄颡鱼免疫基因抗菌肽和长型肽聚糖识别蛋白的表达以及酶的活性,进一步揭示爱德华氏菌灭活疫苗可提高黄颡鱼的非特异性免疫能力。 相似文献
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为了评价抗爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella ictaluri)的特异性Ig Y的功能性蛋粉在黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)"红头病"预防及治疗中的应用效果,采用灭活的爱德华氏菌(菌种保藏号:CCTCCNO:M2012024)免疫蛋鸡,通过微包膜及高速离心喷雾干燥技术制备抗爱德华氏菌的特异性Ig Y的功能性蛋粉,采用泼洒和口服两种方式检测该功能性蛋粉对黄颡鱼的免疫保护率。结果显示,所制备的功能性蛋粉抗体效价达到1∶5120;以剂量为2 mg/L功能性蛋粉连续泼洒水体3 d或以饲料重量0.2%的剂量口服14 d后,再用浓度为2.0×107CFU/m L的致病性爱德华氏菌对健康黄颡鱼进行攻毒,泼洒和口服功能性蛋粉对黄颡鱼的免疫保护率分别为85.5%和70.0%;对人工感染爱德华氏菌后患病的黄颡鱼养殖水体连续泼洒5 d或投喂14 d功能性蛋粉,其对黄颡鱼的免疫保护率分别为67.2%和40.7%,表明制备的功能性蛋粉对黄颡鱼"红头病"有很好的预防和治疗效果。 相似文献
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In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanism of sinking death during the larval stage of Pacific Bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis by investigating the effects of swimming performance on sinking death, using a behavioral approach. Swimming performance was examined 3–9 days after hatching (DAH) under day and night light conditions in cuboid experimental tanks. Swimming behavior variables such as swimming speed and swimming angle were measured under both light conditions. Larvae in the daytime experiment and larvae with inflated swim bladders at night were distributed on the surface layer of the water column. In contrast, larvae with uninflated swim bladders at night were frequently observed swimming vertically or sinking to the bottom of the tank. Larvae with inflated swim bladders at night were always distributed beneath the surface until the next morning (survival rates were 100 %). However, larvae with uninflated swim bladders at night swam upward repeatedly and later sank to the bottom of the tank (survival rates were 60 % and 38 % at 5 and 9 DAH, respectively). Larvae with uninflated swim bladders were not always able to maintain their swimming depth by swimming until the next morning. Additionally, their swimming speed and vertical swimming frequency (ratio) depended on the illumination and swim bladder conditions. Our findings show that larvae with uninflated swim bladders at night were associated with a higher risk of sinking death. The swimming energy capacity of Pacific Bluefin tuna larvae, which indicates the total amount of the energy that enables individuals to swim throughout the night without feeding, was found to be linked to sinking death. 相似文献
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水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。 相似文献
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该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检,进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验,并采用病毒检测等方法,以期建立评估斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明,斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性,体表光洁,肌肉透亮,肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜,健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力,而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象;虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低,随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低,随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100～200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min,成活率近100％;在盐度20～30下虾苗的成活情况较好,而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测,可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。 相似文献
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头足类耳石微化学研究进展 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
耳石是位于平衡囊内起平衡作用的一对钙化组织,它是头足类的加速度感应器,记录其生命周期内的生物和生态信息。随着鱼类耳石微化学研究及应用的日趋成熟与完善,头足类耳石的相应研究也逐渐兴起。目前头足类耳石微化学的研究内容主要包括无机和有机大分子、微量元素、同位素、微化学标记等方面,其中微量元素是应用研究的重点,在头足类种群识别、生活史分析及栖息环境重建等方面发挥了重要作用。分析认为,头足类微量元素在与栖息环境尤其水温关系的研究中取得了很好的结果,被认为是测定头足类生活水温的温度计。然而,涉及种群识别、生活史分析以及与盐度和食物关系的研究还不够充分,且多集中于Sr/Ca的研究。因此,建议在今后的研究中要综合多种研究方法按时间和空间序列从日轮水平分析多种微量元素的含量与变化。 相似文献
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虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄营养成分分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
本实验对虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄的营养成分进行分析,旨在探讨其幼体的营养需求量,为其幼体配合饲料研制提供参考数据。随机选取大约800个虎斑乌贼受精卵的卵黄,采用国家标准方法测定其水分、灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物元素含量。结果表明:1)虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄中粗蛋白质含量为76.33%(干重基础);总氨基酸(TAA)和必需氨基酸(EAA)含量分别为71.22%和32.38%(干重基础),EAA/TAA为45.46%,氨基酸中以谷氨酸(Glu)含量最高(9.97%),必需氨基酸中亮氨酸(Leu)含量最高(7.58%)。2)其粗脂肪含量12.71%(干重基础);共检出17种脂肪酸,包括8种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、5种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和4种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),SFA、MUFA和PUFA分别占脂肪酸总量的43.47%、7.54%和49.25%,其中以DHA含量最高,达32.80%,EPA含量为7.70%,DHA/EPA为4.26。3)检测出Na、K、Ca、Mg、Sr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Al和As 矿物元素,微量元素中富含Zn、Al和Fe,含量分别为 0.77、0.71和0.43 mg/kg(鲜重基础)。由此可见,卵黄具有高蛋白、低脂肪,富含n-3PUFA的特点;虎斑乌贼幼体饲料中蛋白质需求量参考值为76.33%;氨基酸需求量参考值,如赖氨酸(Lys)为5.49%,蛋氨酸(Met)为2.63%;脂肪的需求量参考值为12.71%,DHA为4.17%,EPA为0.98%;微量元素需求量参考值,如Zn为2.77 mg/kg,Cu为0.19 mg/kg(干重基础)。 相似文献
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该研究选取具有多态性的6对微卫星引物对构建的2批合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)完全双列杂交家系的遗传多样性进行了分析。6个微卫星标记在9个家系360个个体中共检测到32个等位基因,有效等位基因(Ne)为1.758 7~3.586 5,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.144 4~0.488 9,期望杂合度(He)为0.432 0~0.722 2,Shannon指数(I)为0.691 9~1.507 4。9个家系都有单态位点,平均Ho为0.129 2~0.466 7,平均He为0.155 0~0.439 6,平均I为0.248 5~0.712 2。有19个位点(占35.19%)极显著地偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。各家系之间的遗传距离为0.109 0~1.137 2,遗传相似性系数为0.320 7~0.896 8。家系L4B46与L4B48的遗传距离最大,与D3D313的遗传距离最小。UPGMA法聚类分析显示,9个家系分为3支,L4B48单独成一支,B4D426、B4D427与D4B445聚成一支,其余家系聚成一支。该研究结果为合浦珠母贝家系选择育种的亲本选择与交配设计提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。 相似文献
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T. K. Banerjee 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2007,33(4):441-454
Air-breathing fishes have evolved bimodal respiratory mechanisms for exploitation of water (through gills and highly vascularized
skin) as well as atmospheric air (through aerial respiratory organs, ABO). Mucous cells in these respiratory organs of variously
stressed fishes exhibit periodic fluctuations in their density and staining properties. The main types of damage in the gills
include congestion of blood capillaries (BLCs), periodic lifting and sloughing of respiratory epithelia of the secondary lamellae
causing haemorrhage, extensive fusion of secondary lamellae and hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia due to uncontrolled
regeneration leading to asphyxiation, altered excretion, and death of the fish. Haemolysis has also been observed following
lead exposure. The damage in the ABO of Heteropneustes fossilis includes sloughing of the epithelial cells, leading to haemorrhage causing decreased red blood corpuscles density and degeneration
of the secondary gill lamellae with reduced respiratory area. Subsequent hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia and fusion
of gill lamellae increase the respiratory barrier distance. The BLCs often bulge out and protrude into the lumen, bringing
blood nearer to air. The ladder-like pillar cell (PLC)-BLC components of the gill lamellae frequently collapse. Damage to
the ABO of Channa striata is less severe. Often haemorrhaging due to bursting of extensively stretched BLCs causes aerial respiratory failure. Chloride
cells of the ABOs also show hyperplasia. While the highly mucogenic epidermis of C. striata shows less damage, the epidermis of Clarias batrachus and H. fossilis shows severe wear and tear, sloughing, and haemorrhage. Side-by-side regeneration continues, causing altered histomorphology
of the epidermis. The different gland cells also show periodic fluctuations in their density and staining. The dermis also
shows severe damage with loosening of their connective tissue fibres. These fibres give stronger reactions for sulfated mucin
that not only retain additional water molecules for continuance of skin breathing, but also bind the toxic ambient pollutants. 相似文献
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Peter Howgate 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(5):516-532
It is well-established in fish technology that freshness should be measured primarily by sensory procedures, though considerable effort has been expended in looking for nonsensory alternatives. A variety of methods for sensory evaluation of freshness has been described and this historical review traces developments of these methods. Much of the source material derives from the research literature such as research journals and reports of research, and the use of sensory methods in commercial quality control has scarcely been documented. There is a brief discussion of possible future developments in sensory evaluation of freshness. 相似文献