共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 406 毫秒
1.
土壤压实对土壤性质及植物生长的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
不合理的土地利用方式导致土壤压实,这不仅改变了土壤理化性质,也影响植物的正常生长。本文通过综述国内外土壤压实方面的相关研究,阐述了土壤压实对土壤性质及植物生长的影响,并对进一步开展研究的方向进行了展望。 相似文献
2.
3.
机械车辆在林地表面行走作业后,会破坏林地表层植被,对林地土壤造成压实并留下车辙。近年来,国内外专家和学者深入研究了机械作业压实对土壤的影响并取得了较多的成果。采用文献分析法简述了林业车辆作业对土壤理化性质、微生物、碳储量和温室气体排放等方面的影响,统计分析了20世纪末至今国内外相关研究所采用的实验条件、实验仪器与实验方法,并总结归纳了常用的实验设备与实验方案。分析表明:车辆作业造成的土壤压实使土壤容重增大、孔隙度减小、渗透率降低,并且土壤中的营养物质和化学元素含量均有不同程度的下降,由此提出今后应在土壤的不同质地和形态差异化方面以及土壤结构变异对车辆通过性影响等方面进行深入研究。 相似文献
4.
本从土壤压实、水土流失及沙漠化等5个方面简要论述了森林作业对林地土壤的不利影响。 指出采取适当的森林作业方式和合理的森林作业技术是减轻其对林地不利影响的必要手段。 相似文献
5.
拖拉机集材对林地土壤的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
本文从环境保护的观点出发.分析了拖拉机集材造成的林地土壤压实、水土流失。并对集材前后迹地土壤营养成份流换情况进行对比。结果表明,拖拉机集材对森林生态环境破坏较为严重。不符合生态效益对林业生产的要求。 相似文献
6.
7.
对不同栽植代数、不同发育时期杉林土壤腐殖质的化学特性、微生物和酶状况进行了研究。结果表明，连栽后杉林土壤有机碳可能会有增加，但胡敏酸含量和腐殖化度一般都趋于降低，即连栽后土壤腐殖化度减弱，腐殖质的分子量变小，复杂程度降低，腐殖质品种降低。连栽后杉林土壤有机碳可能会有增加，但胡敏酸含量和腐殖化度一般都趋于降低，即连栽后土壤腐殖化度减弱，腐殖质的分子量变小，复杂程度降低，腐 殖质品质降低。连栽后，杉林土壤过氧化氢酶、转化酶和尿酶趋于降低，削弱了土壤中碳素和氮素的营养循环。对杉林土壤肥力的维持和提高不利。连栽后，杉木中龄林，成熟林土壤微生物数量降低，但幼林却有所增加。 相似文献
8.
以大鹤国有防护林场3种不同林龄(15、23、34 a)的湿地松林为研究对象,研究了不同林龄湿地松林土壤酶活性及其养分含量变化特征。结果表明:土壤pH值随着林龄增加呈先降低后升高,随着土层深度的增加逐渐升高。随着林龄的增长,土壤有机质先增加后降低;土壤水解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量逐渐降低。土壤中的脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性随林龄的增长逐渐降低;酸性磷酸酶活性仅在表层土随着林龄的增长逐渐降低,而随着土层的加深表现为先增长后降低。土壤养分和酶活性随土层深度的变化均存在显著性变化。相关分析表明,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶均与土壤有机质、水解氮、有效磷和速效钾存在极显著正相关(P<0.01),多酚氧化酶与速效钾呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。滨海地区湿地松在林龄较低阶段土壤养分较为充足,随着林龄的增长,土壤肥力逐渐下降,不利于森林可持续发展。 相似文献
9.
为了揭示银杏-茶间作模式对土壤养分和土壤酶活性的影响,对不同种植模式的土壤酶活性与土壤养分进行采样分析。结果表明,与纯茶园相比,银杏茶间作模式土壤养分和酶活性高于单作模式,土壤酶活性均随着土层垂直深度的增加逐渐降低。土壤酶活性与土壤养分的相关分析结果显示:土壤酶活性与土壤养分含量具有较高的相关性,因此土壤酶活性可以作为土壤养分评价的一个重要指标。 相似文献
10.
通过对北京低山地区土壤的理化性质和脲酶、过氧化氢酶以及多酚氧化酶的分析，探讨了供试土壤中３种酶活性状况及其与土壤理化性质的关系。研究结果表明：３种土壤酶活性均表现出随土壤深度增加而降低的规律性；３种土壤酶活性间具有良好相关性，显示了３种酶在土壤生物化学过程中的共性关系；土壤酶活性同多种土壤性质呈现良好相关性，其中，土壤有机质含量和土壤全氮量对酶活性影响最大。 相似文献
11.
土包砂路基是指路基的中部用砂填筑，两侧用具有一定宽度和顶面一定厚度的定塑性指数的土包围填筑而成型的路基。结合哈尔滨绕城公路东北段土包砂路基施工的现场资料，按照施工规范要求和规定，对哈尔滨绕城公路东北段土包砂路基施工技术中影响压实度因素进行了比较分析，通过分析发现：（1）随着碾压编数的增多，压实度提高不明显；（2）松铺高度对压实度有很大的影响，当松铺高度接近28em时，压实度最大；（3）压实度随着含水量的增加而增大，当达到13％时，压实度随含水量的增加趋于平稳。 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
Soil compaction is a side effect of forest reestablishment practices resulting from use of heavy equipment and site preparation. Soil compaction often alters soil properties resulting in changes in plant-available water. The use of pressure chamber methods to assess plant water stress has two drawbacks: (1) the measurements are not integrative; and (2) the method is difficult to apply extensively to establish seasonal soil water status. We evaluated leaf carbon isotopic composition (delta13C) as a means of assessing effects of soil compaction on water status and growth of young ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws) stands across a range of soil textures. Leaf delta13C in cellulose and whole foliar tissue were highly correlated. Leaf delta13C in both whole tissue and cellulose (holocellulose) was up to 1.0 per thousand lower in trees growing in non-compacted (NC) loam or clay soils than in compacted (SC) loam or clay soils. Soil compaction had the opposite effect on leaf delta13C in trees growing on sandy loam soil, indicating that compaction increased water availability in this soil type. Tree growth response to compaction also varied with soil texture, with no effect, a negative effect and a positive effect as a result of compaction of loam, clay and sandy loam soils, respectively. There was a significant correlation between 13C signature and tree growth along the range of soil textures. Leaf delta13C trends were correlated with midday stem water potentials. We conclude that leaf delta13C can be used to measure retrospective water status and to assess the impact of site preparation on tree growth. The advantage of the leaf delta13C approach is that it provides an integrative assessment of past water status in different aged leaves. 相似文献
15.
16.
Short-term recovery of soil physical properties on skid trails was investigated upon cessation of skidding operations and 1 year later. Bulk density and porosity were assessed at three levels of traffic intensity and two slope gradients. Compared to undisturbed areas, bulk density increased, total porosity and macroporosity decreased, and microporosity increased in the compacted areas immediately after skidding. In all cases, changes were significantly greater when traffic intensity was higher and when slopes were steeper. Surface soil compaction did not show any recovery over the 1-year period, illustrating the persistent effects of compaction on soil structure. In fact, surficial compaction further increased and macroporosity further decreased after 1 year of recovery, compared to immediately after skidding. While these changes may reflect inherent small-scale site variability or differences in soil moisture content at times of sampling, direct negative physical impacts on newly exposed soil (such as by raindrops), in addition to the loss of organic matter after canopy removal and skidding, likely delayed any physical recovery, particularly on heavily trafficked trails on steeper slopes. These results raise serious concerns about long-term resilience to traffic on forest soils and indicate the necessity to properly retire skid trails to avoid further soil degradation as trails age. 相似文献
17.
We inventoried plant regeneration and soil compaction along mule trails to evaluate damage to forest stands and regeneration follow-ing mule hauling before and after operations in Kheyrud Forest in the... 相似文献
18.
19.
不同林分类型及土层对土壤养分的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在中山五桂山保护区选择4个不同的林分类型,分别进行土壤采样,测定土壤养分指标,分析不同林分类型及土层对土壤养分的影响,为林分改造、土壤养分改良提供理论和数据支撑。结果表明:(1)四种土壤养分指标在四种林分类型间均有显著性差异,四种林分类型的土壤养分指标含量大小排序大致为:沟谷季雨林阔叶混针阔混针叶林,只有有效磷含量是阔叶混大于沟谷季雨林。(2)四种土壤养分指标在针叶林、针阔混交林、沟谷季雨林这3种林型中的5个土层间变化均有显著性差异,而在常绿阔叶林中仅速效钾在5个土层间有显著性差异。(3)四种林分类型中,沟谷季雨林各指标含量相对较高,处于"中下"等级,而针叶林各指标含量低,处于"很低"等级。总的来说,四种林分类型的土壤养分含量偏低,特别是针叶林,各项土壤指标含量均为"很低",可以参考群落演替方向对针叶林进行林分改造来提高土壤养分。 相似文献