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1.
The concentrations of thyroxine (T4), 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3; rT3) in thyroid gland tissue and serum of the fetal pig (n = 68) from day 39 to 113 of gestation were measured. Tracer quantities of iodothyronines, displaying the onset of thyroid hormone activity, were found in the thyroid tissue on day 39, i.e. before the appearance of a measurable quantity of iodothyronines in the serum. The T4 and T3 thyroidal content showed the first rise between days 56 and 76. Then, T3 was increasing sharply from day 92 till birth, while T4 content was decreasing from about day 76 to a low value between day 92 and 105, and then showing an increase shortly before birth. The rT3 content was the highest on day 39 and then it was steadily decreasing to reach a nadir on about day 76. Measurable amounts of thyroid hormones (TH) in the serum were observed not earlier than on day 46 of gestation. Near birth, the tissues of the pig fetus are in a milieu characterised by the highest blood TH concentrations. The serum to thyroid concentration ratio for rT3 and T4 was generally below 1.0 until the last trimester of gestation, when it was over 5.0 for rT3 and over 4.0 for T4. By contrast, the T3 serum to thyroid ratio was below 0.5 throughout the gestation. The results show that the fetal pig thyroid displays a low rT3 and T4 content, but the marked T3 elevation observed near term supports the view that a high production and secretion of T3 near term may be a critical factor for normal postnatal adaptation to extrauterine cooling in the pig. 相似文献
2.
Sechman A Lakota P Wojtysiak D Hrabia A Mika M Lisowski M Czekalski P Rzasa J Kapkowska E Bednarczyk M 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2006,53(10):501-508
The study was performed to determine the hormonal status of mature germline chimeras obtained by blastodermal cell transfer from chicken embryos of a donor breed [Green-legged Partridgelike breed (GP) x Araucana (AR)] to those of a recipient breed [White Leghorn (WL)] being at the same stage of embryonic development. The egg-laying chimeras and WL hens (control) of the same age were used in the experiment. At first, blood samples were taken from each bird at 0.5, 5, 12.5 and 18.5 h following oviposition. Subsequently, the chimeras and the WL hens were decapitated 1-2 h after ovulation. A stroma and the following follicles were isolated from the ovary: white normal (1-4, 4-6 and 6-8 mm), white atretic and yellow preovulatory follicles (F4-F1). Sex hormones, progesterone (P4), testosterone (T) and oestradiol (E2) in blood plasma and ovarian follicles were determined radioimmunologically. The activity of the 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD) in the granulosa and theca layers of the follicles was analysed histochemically. In chimeric chickens, a higher level of T in blood plasma during the ovulatory cycle was noticed. However, in the stroma, white prehierarchical and medium-size preovulatory ovarian follicles the level of T was significantly lower. With respect to E2, its elevated levels were found both in blood and in the ovarian follicles. There were no significant differences in P4 concentrations in blood plasma while in ovarian follicles a higher level was observed only in white 6-8 mm follicles. 3beta-HSD activity in granulosa and theca layers of the ovarian follicles in chimeras was not different from that in the WL hens. In conclusion, the results obtained indicate that germline chimeras exhibit significant alterations in sex hormone levels in the ovary and blood plasma, which in turn may affect their reproductive abilities. 相似文献
3.
日粮中长期添加大豆黄酮对产蛋鸡产蛋性能及有关内分泌的影响 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
试验旨在探讨日粮中长期添加大豆黄酮对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡采食和生产性能的影响及有关内分泌机制。40羽180日龄产蛋鸡,均分为2组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+大豆黄酮(6mg/kg),试验期为150d。结果显示:试验组蛋鸡采食量、产蛋率、只日蛋重、每枚蛋重均显著提高,料蛋比显著下降;血清17β-雌二醇、T3、T4水平均显著提高,而血清瘦素(leptin)水平有下降的趋势。试验结果表明,大豆黄酮可调控血液激素水平而提高产蛋鸡生产性能,并使产蛋高峰期得到延长。 相似文献
4.
Sechman A Hrabia A Paczoska-Eliasiewicz H Rzasa J 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2004,51(6):273-276
The effect of tamoxifen (TMX), an anti-estrogen compound, on immunoglobulins (Ig) level in blood plasma of laying hens was investigated. TMX (4 mg/hen/day) was given per os for seven consecutive days; control hens received placebo. Blood samples were collected from the wing vein every day before TMX treatment, and plasma Ig levels were measured by means of Rlebodzinski's test. TMX significantly decreased plasma Ig levels, maximally by 51% on day 2 of the experiment. The observed reduction in Ig level was accompanied by the significant, 37% decrease in the ratio of Ig/total protein (Tp). From the third day of TMX treatment, level of Ig and the ratio of Ig/Tp gradually increased and on the day 5 of the experiment no difference between control and experimental group was found. In non-immunoglobular (Tp-Ig) fractions of plasma proteins no significant alterations after TMX treatment were observed. Therefore, treatment of laying hens with TMX transiently decreased plasma Ig levels. Most likely the effect of TMX is associated with the antagonistic properties of TMX toward estrogen receptors. On the contrary, the transient decrease in plasma Ig levels of TMX-treated hens followed by the gradual increase suggests adaptation of the immunological system to treatment with the anti-estrogen preparation. 相似文献
5.
为了研究共轭亚油酸（ＣＬＡ）对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋壳质量的影响及机理,试验选用 ４０周龄健康、体重和产蛋率相近的海兰白蛋鸡 ４８０只,采用单因素试验设计,随机分为 ４组,每组 ３个重复,每个重复４０只,试验组分别添加０．５％、１．０％和２．０％的 ＣＬＡ,对照组不添加,试验期８周。试验结束时,每组选 ６只采血并屠宰,测定血清中三碘甲腺原氨酸（Ｔ３）、四碘甲腺原氨酸（Ｔ４）、皮质醇、雌二醇（Ｅ２）、钙离子、磷离子含量和碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）活性及肝脏肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶（ＣＰＴ Ⅰ）活性。结果表明：１）各试验组蛋鸡生产性能与对照组均差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。２）各试验组蛋壳强度均显著大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,蛋壳厚度均差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。３）２．０％ＣＬＡ组蛋鸡血清 Ｔ３、Ｔ４、皮质醇和 Ｅ２含量显著高于对照组及 ０．５％和 １．０％ＣＬＡ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）;各试验组蛋鸡血清钙、磷离子浓度与对照组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）;０．５％和 １．０％ＣＬＡ组蛋鸡血清 ＡＬＰ活性显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。４）１．０％和 ２．０％ＣＬＡ组蛋鸡肝脏 ＣＰＴ Ⅰ活性显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。由此可见,在本试验条件下,饲粮添加 １．０％的ＣＬＡ能显著提高蛋鸡血清中 ＡＬＰ活性,并在一定程度上促进 Ｅ２的分泌,显著提高蛋壳强度,且不影响蛋鸡的生产性能。 相似文献
6.
将768只421日龄海兰白蛋鸡随机均分为2组,分别饲喂添加0和1.5%中药增蛋散的2种饲料,于饲养30、60d时采血和屠宰,测定血样中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体素(LH)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)、雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P4)、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)等的含量及饲料中粗蛋白和钙的消化率,探讨该散剂促产蛋的作用机制.结果显示,当日粮中添加增蛋散饲喂30、60 d时,蛋鸡血清中FSH、LH、T3、T4、E2、P4、PTH的含量,下丘脑和腺垂体中cAMP含量及饲料中粗蛋白和钙的消化率均有显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).本试验结果为该散剂提高产蛋后期鸡的产蛋率,推迟其淘汰期的药理作用提供了实验依据. 相似文献
7.
本试验通过研究饲粮粗蛋白质水平对济宁百日蛋种鸡生产性能的影响,建立蛋白质需要量析因模型,确定济宁百日蛋种鸡饲粮粗蛋白质的需要量。采用单因素完全随机试验设计,饲粮粗蛋白质水平分别为13%、14%、15%、16%、17%,其他营养指标保持一致。选取40周龄、体重接近的健康济宁百日蛋种鸡525只,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复21只。预试期7 d,试验期56 d。结果表明:1)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对济宁百日蛋种鸡平均日粗蛋白质摄入量(ADCPI)有极显著的影响(P0.01),随着饲粮粗蛋白质水平的升高,ADCPI显著升高(P0.05)。2)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对济宁百日蛋种鸡41~48周龄的产蛋数、产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日产蛋量(ADEM)均有显著影响(P0.05),对料蛋比有极显著影响(P0.01);高粗蛋白质水平组(16%、17%)的产蛋数、产蛋率、ADEM均高于低粗蛋白质水平组(13%、14%、15%)。在一定的饲粮粗蛋白质水平(13%~16%)范围内,蛋重有随着饲粮粗蛋白质水平的升高而升高的趋势。3)以ADCPI为因变量,以平均日增重(ADG)、ADEM和代谢体重(BW0.75)为自变量,拟合济宁百日蛋种鸡粗蛋白质需要析因模型为:ADCPI=0.268 0 ADG+0.271 1 ADEM+3.299 3 BW0.75(R2=0.993 4)。满足济宁百日蛋种鸡41~48周龄时最佳生产性能的适宜饲粮粗蛋白质水平为15.49%。 相似文献
8.
1. The sex-linked dwarf gene did not appear to affect the LH, progesterone (P4) and oestradiol 17-beta (E2) levels around the onset of lay in a sample of White Leghorn hens. 2. A longer interval between oviposition and subsequent ovulation was suggested in dwarf layers by a slower decrease in the P4 plasma concentration after the preovulatory peak and is consistent with the increased oviposition interval already described. 3. A higher ratio of E2/P4 basal levels was found in dwarf layers; this is consistent with their lower number of fast-growing follicles and with their reduced laying rate. 4. Lipid mobilisation was modified in dwarf layers (as shown by their reduced abdominal fattiness); although plasma concentrations of triglycerides were normal, unusual correlations between plasma triglycerides, E2 basal concentrations and body weight were recorded. 相似文献
9.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of endotoxin administration on thyroid function test results and serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) activity in healthy dogs. ANIMALS: 6 healthy adult male dogs. PROCEDURES: Serum concentrations of thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), 3,3'5'-triiodothyronine (rT3), free T4 (fT4), and endogenous canine thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and TNF-alpha activity were measured before (day-1; baseline), during (days 0 to 3), and after (days 4 to 24) IV administration of endotoxin every 12 hours for 84 hours. RESULTS: Compared with baseline values, serum T3 concentration decreased significantly, whereas rT3 concentration increased significantly 8 hours after initial endotoxin administration. Serum T4 concentration decreased significantly at 8 and 12 hours after initiating endotoxin administration. Serum T4 concentration returned to reference range limits, then decreased significantly on days 6 to 12 and 16 to 20. Serum fT4 concentration increased significantly at 12, 24, and 48 hours after cessation of endotoxin treatment, compared with baseline values. Serum rT3 concentration returned to reference range, then decreased significantly days 5 and 7 after stopping endotoxin treatment. Serum TNF-alpha activity was significantly increased only 4 hours after initial endotoxin treatment, compared with baseline activity. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Endotoxin administration modeled alterations in thyroid function test results found in dogs with spontaneous nonthyroidal illness syndrome. A decrease in serum T4 andT3 concentrations and increase in serum rT3 concentration indicate impaired secretion and metabolism of thyroid hormones. The persistent decrease in serum T4 concentration indicates that caution should be used in interpreting serum T4 concentrations after resolution of an illness in dogs. 相似文献
10.
1. Thirty-five Warren SSL hens were selected on the basis of variation in moulting response following a force-moult at 81 weeks of age. Fourteen hens were from a group which returned to layers mash ad libitum from day 9, while 21 came from a group with dietary restriction prolonged to day 28. Blood samples were taken on days 23 and 36, and hormone concentrations were measured. Moulting was recorded on days 0, 11, 23, 36, 52 and 68. 2. Progesterone (P4) but not oestradiol (E2) inhibited moulting during egg laying and the sharp fall in P4 concentration when laying ceased was a primary factor in the induction of moulting. 3. Thyroxine (T4) concentrations were closely correlated with all criteria of plumage renewal, but not with the onset of moulting. Although T4 was closely correlated with subsequent feather growth it is questionable whether T4 is a primer of moult-induction independent of P4. 4. Feathers which were pulled out required 12 +/- 2 d to be replaced beyond the feather-papillae stage. For remiges this timing was similar regardless of whether hens were moulting or still laying. The timing was similar for remiges and body-feathers in moulting hens, but the reappearance of body-feathers in laying hens was slightly delayed. 相似文献
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12.
Thyroid hormone balance in beluga whales, Delphinapterus leucas: dynamics after capture and influence of thyrotropin. 
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下载免费PDF全文 Ten beluga whales, Delphinapterus leucas, were captured in the Churchill River, Manitoba, held for up to five days, and then released. Blood samples were obtained immediately after capture and at 6-7 h intervals thereafter to monitor changes in circulating levels of thyroid hormones (TH). In six of the whales, total and free thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) declined steadily, whereas reverse-T3 (rT3) showed a transient increase during the first 24-36 h, followed by a decrease to below initial values. The changes in TH may have been due to glucocorticoid-mediated reduction in endogenous thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and inhibition of 5'-monodeiodinase in peripheral tissue. Two whales were given 10 IU of bovine TSH immediately after capture, and again one and two days later, resulting in successive increases in all TH, which remained elevated for at least 24 h after the last injection. Thereafter, circulating levels declined as in the untreated whales. Two whales receiving a single TSH injection on the fourth day responded with an increase in plasma TH comparable to that observed following the first TSH injection in the other two animals. Average (+/- SD) circulating level of rT3 at capture was 6.3 +/- 3.1 nmol/L, which is higher than reported for any other mammal and was significantly correlated with the naturally elevated levels of T4 that occur in belugas occupying estuaries during the summer. 相似文献
13.
文章旨在评估日粮添加不同水平的鲜茶叶粉对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及蛋黄脂肪酸水平的影响。试验将672只产蛋性能一致的28周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复42只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组蛋鸡分别饲喂基础日粮+20（T1）、40（T2）和60?mg/kg（T3）鲜茶叶粉,试验为期6周。结果：与对照组相比,T3组蛋鸡蛋重显著提高6.12%（P＜0.05）。T3和T2组蛋鸡料蛋比较对照组和T1分别显著降低了4.07、6.67%和2.12%、4.77%。T2和T3组蛋壳厚度较对照组分别显著提高了2.06%和2.27%（P＜0.05）。此外,T3组蛋黄颜色a值较对照组和T1组分别显著提高了34.78%和20.16%（P＜0.05）。T3组蛋黄胆固醇含量分别较其他组显著降低了10.90%、7.23%和8.16%（P＜0.05）,而对照组蛋黄硫代巴比妥酸值较处理组分别显著提高了54.91%、59.52%和57.65%（P＜0.05）,而T3组蛋黄C16：1脂肪酸水平较对照组和其他组分别显著降低25.60%、20.05%和24.51%（P＜0.05）。结论：日粮添加60?mg/kg鲜茶叶粉可以显著提高蛋鸡的蛋重、饲料效率和蛋壳厚度,降低蛋黄胆固醇及硫代巴比妥酸值。
[关键词]鲜茶叶粉|蛋鸡|生产性能|蛋品质|脂肪酸 相似文献
14.
Thyroid hormones (THs) are obligatory for transition from breeding season to anestrus in sheep. In this process, THs act during a very limited time of the year and primarily within the brain. In ewes chronically equipped for sampling cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the third ventricle, we have characterized the concentrations of total and free thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and total reverse T3 (rT3) in the CSF during breeding season, anestrus and during a critical period required for transition to anestrus (December-March). The total T4, T3, rT3 and free T3 average concentrations (+/- SEM) in CSF were 1.5 +/- 0.07 ng/ml, 14.5 +/- 1.2 pg/ml, 43 +/- 7.4 pg/ml, and 0.6 +/- 0.05 pg/ml, respectively, and all were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in blood plasma except free T4 (12.6 +/- 1.1 pg/ml), which was similar to that in plasma. There was a seasonal trend (p < 0.05) in the concentration of total T3 (highest in December) and free T4 (highest in November) in the CSF that does not follow that in blood plasma. During the period of transition to anestrus the CSF total T3/TT4 molar ratio and free T3/T4 ratio were significantly lower (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) than in blood plasma, while the total rT3/T4 ratio was significantly higher (p < 0.01) at the end of this period (March). Additionally, the CSF total rT3 concentrations were also significantly correlated with the CSF total T4 levels (r = 0.57; p < 0.05). In conclusion, the CSF in sheep may serve as a considerable source of thyroid hormones for neuroendocrine events. The lack of significant changes in THs concentrations in the CSF during the period of transition to anestrus indicate that neither seasonal changes of THs circulating in the blood plasma nor THs circulating in the CSF actively drive the transition to anestrus. 相似文献
15.
The goal of our present study was to observe whether the populations of antigen presenting cells (Ia+ cells) and T cell subsets (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) change in the utero-vaginal junction (UVJ) of Rhode Island Red laying hens that showed dramatic declines in fertility after repeated artificial insemination (AI). Rhode Island Red laying hens were divided into two groups: a virgin group (R-V) and artificial inseminated group (R-AI), which was exposed to weekly AI for a period of 3 mo. Undiluted fresh semen collected from healthy Tosa-Jidori roosters, a native Japanese breed maintained in Kochi Prefecture, was used for AI. The UVJ tissues were processed for frozen sections, and Ia+ cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were identified by immunohistochemistry. The Ia+ cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were observed in the stroma and mucosal epithelium of UVJ in both the R-AI and R-V birds. The frequencies of them in the stroma were significantly higher in R-AI than R-V. The higher frequency of Ia+ cells in the UVJ of R-AI group indicated a greater potential capability for antigen presentation to CD4+ cells. The significant increase in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in the UVJ of R-AI birds might be the result of a homing process of lymphocytes, which may affect sperm survivability and fertility. 相似文献
16.
Hiroyuki NAKAYAMA Tetsuya TAKAHASHI Kaori NAKAGAWA‐MIZUYACHI Mitsuo KAWASHIMA 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(5):679-683
The equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) and the maximum binding capacity (Bmax) of calcitonin (CT) receptor in the plasma membrane of the anterior pituitary in hens were examined by Scatchard analysis of specific binding of 125I‐labeled chicken CT. Values of Kd and Bmax of CT receptor were smaller in laying hens than in non‐laying hens. A decrease in the Kd and Bmax value of CT receptor was observed in the anterior pituitary after the injection of estradiol‐17β and progesterone into nonlaying hens, but not changed after the injection of 5α‐dihydrotestosterone. During an oviposition cycle, the Kd and the Bmax value decreased 3 h before oviposition. In non‐laying hens, neither the Kd nor the Bmax value changed during a full day period. The present study suggests that the CT action on the anterior pituitary may increase 3 h before oviposition by the effect of estradiol‐17β and progesterone in laying hens. 相似文献
17.
M B Paster 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1991,21(6):1343-1359
Hypothalamic-releasing factors regulate the secretion of anterior pituitary hormones. The anterior pituitary gland secretes the same six hormones as found in mammals: FSH, LH, prolactin, GH (somatotropic hormone), ACTH, and TSH, plus the melanotropic hormone. The endocrine hormones of the avian posterior pituitary gland concerned with reproduction are mesotocin and AVT. The pineal gland, through the secretion of the hormone melatonin, modulates the periodic autonomic functions of the central nervous system. The ovary produces estrogens, progestogens, and androgenic compounds. The testes produce testosterones and progesterone. The thyroid glands produce two hormones, T4 and T3. The avian adrenal glands produce corticosterone and aldosterone. The bursa of Fabricius is considered an endocrine organ since it is involved in the production of humoral factors. The male reproductive system undergoes hormonal changes associated with puberty, the breeding season, and molt. Some avian species undergo a type of disintegration and seasonal reconstruction of the testis and epididymis. The relationship of the ovarian follicular hormones and the plasma hormones varies depending on the stage of the reproductive cycle and the seasonal photostimulation. Female birds may conceive in the absence of a mate as a result of the fertile period phenomena. The blood chemistry of laying birds is different from that seen in nonlaying hens. Domestication has had a definite influence on the hormone cycles of some avian species. This may lead to certain reproductive problems. 相似文献
18.
Diurnal and oviposition patterns of heart rate (HR), deep body temperature (BT) and locomotor activity (LA) in conscious and unrestrained Rhode Island Red hens were studied by a radiotelemetry system. Behavioral observations were also made on diurnal changes and during the pre‐ and post‐laying period. Heart rate, BT and LA showed characteristic diurnal changes synchronized with a photoperiod of 15 h light and 9 h dark. In the light period, HR, BT, and LA levels were significantly higher than in the dark period (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the highest levels of these parameters were recorded just after they were fed (08.30 hours), while the lowest level was measured after lights‐off and remained stable throughout the dark period. Behavioral observations indicated that during the light period the hens spent most of their time in very active movement, exhibiting various behavioral patterns. However, in the dark period the hens spent almost all their time resting. The present results suggest that performing various behavioral activities cause heat generated by muscle exertion, which plays a significant role in daily HR, BT, and LA in laying hens. However, during the 60 min before and after oviposition, LA appeared to have increased steadily toward the moment of laying, and then regressed gradually in the post‐laying period to a level significantly lower than in the pre‐laying period (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the pre‐laying behavior of hens indicated extreme restlessness and more activity, whereas the post‐laying period is characterized by less activity and increased relaxation. Consequently, laying behavior has a profound but transitory effect on HR and BT, suggesting that oviposition was probably associated with intense LA. 相似文献
19.
试验旨在研究松针粉对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标和抗氧化指标的影响,以期为松针粉在蛋鸡生产中的应用提供参考。选用120羽40周龄健康产蛋期京粉1号蛋鸡作为试验动物,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复10羽鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组用3%松针粉替代基础饲粮中的小麦麸。预试期7 d,正试期56 d。试验期间,每天按重复记录采食量、产蛋总数、总蛋重等,并以组为单位统计其平均日采食量、平均蛋重、日产蛋量、料蛋比等;在正试期第28和56天,分别从各重复中取2枚鸡蛋测定蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度、蛋黄颜色、哈夫单位;在试验结束前1 d和结束当天,从各重复中抽取10枚鸡蛋于4℃贮藏,每次从各重复中取2枚鸡蛋,测定其贮藏后第15、20、60、105天的哈夫单位;在正试期第56天从各重复中选取试验蛋鸡1只,空腹12 h后经翅下静脉采血5 mL后分离血清,采用全自动生化仪测定血清中总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、尿酸（UA）、尿素（Urea）、葡萄糖（GLU）含量及丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性;采用试剂盒法测定血清中丙二醛（MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）。结果显示：①与对照组相比,饲粮中添加松针粉显著提高了蛋鸡产蛋率（P<0.05）,显著降低了平均蛋重和料蛋比（P<0.05）,但平均日采食量、平均日产蛋量和合格蛋率均无显著差异（P>0.05）。②试验第28天,试验组蛋黄颜色值显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,试验第56天,两组间蛋黄颜色值差异不显著（P>0.05）;其余时间点,饲粮中添加松针粉对鸡蛋的哈夫单位、蛋壳厚度和蛋壳强度均无显著影响（P>0.05）。③与对照组相比,饲粮中添加松针粉对蛋鸡血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、TP、ALB、球蛋白（GLB）、尿素、UA和GLU含量以及ALT、AST、ALP活性均无显著影响（P>0.05）,显著提高了蛋鸡血清MDA含量和GSH-Px活性（P<0.05）,但对GSH含量和SOD、CAT活性以及T-AOC均无显著影响（P>0.05）。综上所述,饲粮中添加3%松针粉能够显著提高蛋鸡产蛋率,改善料蛋比和蛋黄颜色,显著提高蛋鸡血清MDA含量和GSH-Px活性,但未影响机体T-AOC。因此,蛋鸡饲粮中用3%松针粉替代等比例的小麦麸是可行的。 相似文献
20.
试验探讨维生素E对免疫抑制蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的调控效应,选取健康的尼克褐产蛋鸡270只,随机等分为5组,每组3个重复,每重复18只。第Ⅰ组为对照组,第Ⅱ~Ⅴ组为免疫抑制组,对第Ⅱ~Ⅴ组鸡在试验第5、6、7 d进行腿部肌肉注射80 mg/kgBW环磷酰胺(CTX),第Ⅰ组注射等量生理盐水。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮(维生素E含量44.59 mg/kg),Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组在基础日粮中分别添加50、100、200 mg/kg维生素E。结果显示:①免疫抑制产蛋鸡的产蛋率、平均蛋重和平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05),破蛋率显著升高(P<0.05)。基础日粮中添加50 mg/kg维生素E显著提高免疫抑制产蛋鸡的产蛋率、平均蛋重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),但仍低于对照组Ⅰ(P<0.05);显著降低料蛋比和破蛋率(P<0.05)。②免疫抑制产蛋鸡的蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度和哈氏单位显著降低(P<0.05),蛋形指数和蛋黄颜色无显著改变(P>0.05);50 mg/kg维生素E添加量显著提高免疫抑制产蛋鸡的蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度和哈氏单位(P<0.05),与对照组Ⅰ无显著差异(P>0.05)。因此,免疫抑制显著降低产蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质;基础日粮中添加维生素E对免疫抑制蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质具有明显的调控效应,且以50 mg/kg添加量效果较好。 相似文献