共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
为探究中国沼泽型水牛品种或类群的遗传多样性,本研究采用了沼泽型水牛30个微卫星标记结合LabChip芯片检测法对德昌水牛、德宏水牛、温州水牛、贵州水牛、西林水牛、富钟水牛及两个引进品种摩拉水牛、尼里－拉菲水牛等40个样本进行了检测和遗传多样性分析。结果表明,在30个微卫星DNA标记上共发现332个等位基因,平均基因多样性和PIC值分别为0.7808和0.7554。聚类分析结果显示,德宏水牛和德昌水牛先聚为一类,随后与富钟水牛、贵州水牛、温州水牛、西林水牛聚为一类;摩拉水牛与尼里－拉菲水牛聚为一类。本研究证实了所选的30个沼泽型水牛微卫星DNA标记可作为有效的遗传标记用于水牛品种间的遗传多样性分析,同时也丰富了当前的水牛微卫星标记资源。 相似文献
2.
The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is an important dairy animal on the Indian subcontinent and in Southeast Asian countries. The diversity and differentiation among 12 populations or breeds of buffalo were studied. Data were generated and analyzed from 527 animals belonging to 10 recognized breeds and 2 additional populations of Indian buffalo by using 22 microsatellite loci. Relationships among buffalo breeds and populations were estimated based on genetic distances. The Bayesian analysis grouped 12 populations into 8 distinctive clusters. Geographically close breeds clustered together, except for the Jaffarabadi and Murrah, which were not in geographic contiguity. The Mantel test revealed nonsignificant correlations between genetic and geographic distances. This supports the hypothesis that buffaloes have been domesticated at different places for specific purposes. The phylogenetic relationship based on microsatellite loci supported the breed classification based on body size. The Toda breed, which is considered to be endangered, had genotypes similar to those of the surrounding buffalo populations. 相似文献
3.
[目的]探究引入广西南宁的尼里-拉菲水牛和摩拉水牛的mtDNA D-loop区遗传多样性与母系起源。[方法]采用PCR扩增、测序及生物信息学方法。[结果]对从广西南宁采集的52个江河型水牛（尼里-拉菲水牛25个,摩拉水牛27个）mtDNA D-loop序列与GenBank下载的20条尼里-拉菲水牛和23条摩拉水牛序列进行联合分析,共检测到112个变异位点,定义42个单倍型,发现摩拉水牛（Hd: 0.934±0.027）与尼里-拉菲水牛的遗传多样性（Hd: 0.929±0.017）都很丰富。NJ系统发育树显示尼里-拉菲水牛和摩拉水牛含有江河型和沼泽型水牛mtDNA支系,表明尼里-拉菲水牛和摩拉水牛引入中国后均与沼泽型水牛进行了杂交,在外貌上很难区分。[结论]引入广西南宁的尼里-拉菲水牛和摩拉水牛与沼泽型水牛存在广泛的血缘混杂现象。 相似文献
4.
为研究水牛蛋白激酶AMP活化的催化亚基α2（protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2,PRKAA2）基因多态性,本试验以摩拉水牛和尼里-拉菲水牛基因组DNA为模板,扩增PRKAA2基因外显子4及内含子3部分序列,通过常规测序法检测其SNP并进行遗传多样性分析。结果发现,PRKAA2基因外显子4内存在1个SNP位点（c.462 G>A）,PRKAA2基因内含子3部分序列存在3个SNPs位点（IVS3.557 T>C、IVS3.560 C>T和IVS3.565 G>A）。经遗传多样性分析表明,在c.462 G>A位点的野生纯合型和杂合型比突变纯合型更有优势,IVS3.557 T>C和IVS3.560 C>T位点的突变纯合型为非优势基因型,IVS3.565 G>A位点杂合型为优势基因型。IVS3.565 G>A位点在摩拉水牛群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态;c.462 G>A位点在尼里-拉菲水牛群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态。4个SNPs位点在摩拉水牛群体中均为中度多态;c.462 G>A、IVS3.557 T>C位点在尼里-拉菲水牛群体中为低度多态,IVS3.560 C>T、IVS3.565 G>A位点为中度多态。IVS3.557 T>C位点在两个水牛群体中杂合度较低。说明摩拉水牛IVS3.565 G>A位点和尼里-拉菲水牛c.462 G>A位点的基因型频率和基因频率遗传状态不平衡,尼里-拉菲水牛群体中IVS3.557 T>C位点遗传变异小,选择潜力不高。4个多态位点可以构建5种单倍型,其中T-C-G-G是摩拉水牛群体和尼里-拉菲水牛群体的优势单倍型。综上,本研究检测的摩拉水牛和尼里-拉菲水牛PRKAA2基因上4个SNPs位点可为水牛标记辅助选择育种提供参考。 相似文献
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6.
B.P. Mishra R.S. Kataria S.S. Bulandi B. Prakash P. Kathiravan M. Mukesh & D.K. Sadana 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2009,126(1):69-79
The present study aimed at assessing the status of the Chilika buffalo population of eastern India employing cytogenetic and molecular markers. The Chilika buffaloes investigated cytogenetically possess a somatic chromosome count of 50, identical to that of typical riverine buffaloes. Various diversity estimates, viz. observed number of alleles (4.68), effective number of alleles (2.79), and observed (0.487) and expected (0.602) heterozygosity across 25 heterologous microsatellite markers indicated the presence of a moderate level of genetic diversity in Chilika buffaloes, comparable with three other prominent Indian riverine buffalo breeds (Murrah, Nagpuri and Toda) included in this study. Across the four buffalo populations, mean estimates of F -statistics from Jackknifing over loci were significantly different from zero (p < 0.05), with F IT (total inbreeding estimate) = 0.315 ± 0.038, F IS (within-population inbreeding estimate) = 0.178 ± 0.038, and F ST (population differentiation) = 0.166 ± 0.025. Inter-breed analysis reflected Chilika buffaloes to be genetically close to Nagpuri followed by Murrah and Toda buffaloes. Factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) revealed low breed-specific clustering of Chilika and Nagpuri buffaloes. Additionally, the neighbour-joining tree structure of mitochondrial DNA D-loop haplotypes indicated clear grouping of the Chilika haplotypes with the riverine buffalo. Thus the cytogenetic, microsatellite and mitochondrial data analysed in the present study classify Chilika buffalo of eastern India to be of the riverine type and not swamp-type buffalo. 相似文献
7.
B. P. Mishra R. S. Kataria P. Kathiravan S. S. Bulandi K. P. Singh D. K. Sadana 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(7):1203-1211
The present study was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of Banni buffalo and its relationship/differentiation with Murrah
using genotypic data on 24 heterologus bovine specific microsatellite marker loci. A total of 138 alleles were observed with
a mean of 5.75 alleles/locus across two populations. The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were found to be 0.441
and 0.572 respectively in Banni buffaloes while it was 0.464 and 0.610 respectively in Murrah buffaloes. The average heterozygosity
deficit was significantly positive with substantially higher values observed in Banni (22.3%) and Murrah (24%) buffalo populations.
Banni buffalo population, when evaluated for mutation drift equilibrium revealed significant heterozygosity excess under IAM
while no such excess was observed under SMM and TPM. The qualitative graphical test revealed a normal L-shaped distribution
of allele frequencies indicating the absence of genetic bottleneck in Banni buffaloes. The mean estimates of F-statistics
over all the loci were 0.376 for FIT, 0.187 for FST and 0.232 for FIS respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed 18.95% of the total variation being explained by between breed
differences while 14.36% of the variation explained differences between individuals within each breed. Genotype assignment
test revealed distinct clustering of Banni and Murrah buffaloes. Genetic distance was estimated using three different methods,
the results of which revealed considerable genetic differentiation between these two buffalo populations. The divergence time
between Banni and Murrah buffaloes was estimated to be around 7286 years. The results of the present study may be helpful
in decision making for conservation programs as Banni buffalo population is on decline. 相似文献
8.
四川地方乌骨鸡种群遗传变异的微卫星DNA分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
利用10个微卫星标记，对四川不同地区5个乌骨鸡种群的等位基因频率、各群体的遗传杂合度、群体间的遗传距离等进行了分析，并根据遗传距离对这几个乌骨鸡种群进行了聚类分析。结果表明，各乌骨鸡群体的遗传多样性较为丰富，并具有较高的选择潜力。各乌骨鸡种群间有一定的遗传距离，UPGMA聚类分析表明，四川山地乌骨鸡黑羽系与川南山地乌骨鸡被聚为一类，草科鸡与旧院黑鸡被聚为一类。 相似文献
9.
Tanpure T Dubey PK Singh KP Kathiravan P Mishra BP Niranjan SK Kataria RS 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(7):1587-1592
Leptin gene has been found to be associated with various economic traits including milk production and fat quality in dairy animals. In the present study, we investigated genetic variations in intron 1 region of leptin gene in riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing methods and associated them with milk traits. The study revealed three SSCP variants A, B and C among a total of 301 buffaloes from nine breeds. The frequency of variant C was found invariably high among all the breeds except in Marathwada buffalo. Variant A was found to be absent in Chilika, Nili-Ravi, Nagpuri and Pandharpuri breeds and also had the lowest frequencies in Mehsana, Jaffarabadi, Murrah and Toda breeds. Sequencing of SSCP variants revealed a total of five polymorphic sites, with three haplotypes. Statistical analysis revealed significantly high fat percentage at 150?days in SSCP variant B in Mehsana buffaloes. However, the associations of SSCP variants of leptin gene with total milk yield, 305?days milk yield and total fat yield were found to be non-significant. The present study is the first report on association analysis of leptin gene polymorphisms with milk production and milk quality traits in river buffalo. 相似文献
10.
本试验旨在比较分析摩拉水牛及德宏水牛瘤胃液中产甲烷菌的多样性。选取健康雌性摩拉水牛及德宏水牛各3头,采用口腔导管法收集瘤胃液,酚-氯仿-异戊醇抽提法提取瘤胃液总DNA,用产甲烷菌特异性引物Met86F/Met1340R扩增产甲烷菌16S rDNA,构建16S rDNA基因克隆文库。摩拉水牛及德宏水牛各获得96个16S rDNA基因序列,均归类于Methanobacteriales目,其中德宏水牛有82个序列（18个OTUs）与已知菌的16S rDNA序列相似性≥ 97%,占总序列的85.4%,有14个序列（9个OTUs）与已知菌16S rDNA序列相似性为89%~97%;摩拉水牛有94个序列（13个OTUs）与已知菌16S rDNA序列相似性≥ 97%,占总序列的97.9%,仅有2个序列（1个OTUs）与已知菌16S rDNA序列相似性为94%。系统进化树分析表明,所有序列分别聚集于两大分支上,其中德宏水牛有13个OTUs代表序列和摩拉水牛7个OTUs代表序列聚集在进化树顶端的同一分支上,且在系统发育距离上与Methanobacteriales目中任何已知相似序列都相隔较远。德宏水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇序列和RO簇序列所占总序列比列分别为83.3%、9.4%,摩拉水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇序列和RO簇序列所占总序列的比列分别为51.0%、9.4%。由此可见,摩拉水牛及德宏水牛瘤胃产甲烷菌序列以Methanobacteriales目为主,其中德宏水牛拥有更多未知的产甲烷菌序列;德宏水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇产甲烷菌序列比例要高于摩拉水牛。 相似文献
11.
Kathiravan P Kataria RS Mishra BP Dubey PK Sadana DK Joshi BK 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2011,128(4):295-304
We report the genetic structure and evolutionary relationship of the endangered Toda buffalo of Nilgiris in South India with Kanarese and two other riverine buffalo breeds. The upgma phylogeny drawn using Nei’s distance grouped South Kanara and Toda buffaloes at a single node while Marathwada and Murrah together formed a separate node. Principal component analysis was performed with pairwise interindividual chord distances which revealed clustering of Murrah and Marathwada buffaloes distinctly, while individuals of Toda and South Kanara breeds completely intermingled with each other. Furthermore, there were highly significant group variances (p < 0.01) when the breeds were grouped based on phylogeny, thus revealing the existence of cryptic genetic structure within these buffalo breeds. To know the evolutionary relationship among these breeds, 537‐bp D‐loop region of mitochondrial DNA was analysed. The phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA haplotypes following NJ algorithm with Chinese swamp buffalo as outgroup revealed a major cluster that included haplotypes from all the four investigated breeds and two minor clusters formed by South Kanara and Toda haplotypes. Reduced median network analysis revealed haplotypes of South Kanara and Toda to be quite distinct from the commonly found haplotypes indicating that these might have been ancestral to all the present‐day haplotypes. Few mutations in two of the haplotypes of South Kanara buffalo were found to have contributed to ancestral haplotypes of Toda buffalo suggesting the possible migration of buffaloes from Kanarese region towards Nilgiris along the Western Ghats. Considering the close social, economic and cultural association of Todas with their buffaloes, the present study supports the theory of migration of Toda tribe from Kanarese/Mysore region along with their buffaloes. 相似文献
12.
贵州地方山羊品种遗传背景的微卫星分析 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4
用15个牛微卫星位点,以波尔山羊为对照,研究了4个贵州地方山羊品种(贵州白山羊、贵州黑山羊、黔北麻羊、榕江小香羊)的遗传背景。结果:可分析的多态位点6个(BM1258、D1S104、ILSTS030、INRA063、INRABERN192、RM088),占40%(6/15),反应了牛微卫星位点与山羊有较高同源性;贵州地方山羊品种比波尔山羊具有较高的遗传多样性,高低顺序是贵州白山羊>贵州黑山羊>黔北麻羊>榕江小香羊>波尔山羊;群体遗传分化大,群体变异主要存在于品种内,而品种间的变异较小;贵州白山羊与贵州黑山羊遗传距离最近,其次是榕江小香羊、黔北麻羊,与波尔山羊遗传距离最远,这与它们的地理分布及品种形成相符。 相似文献
13.
试验通过9个微卫星座位对贵州矮马和伊犁马2个品种共84匹马进行了遗传多样性检测,以8%非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离PCR扩增产物,并用银染法显色,计算各微卫星位点的等位基因频率、有效等位基因数(Ne)、杂合度(H)和多态信息含量(PIC)。结果表明,9个微卫星座位中COR059检出的变异最大,AHT040的变异最小;伊犁马的Ne、H和PIC的平均值高于贵州矮马;2个群体的平均遗传分化系数为0.041。说明2个品种都有丰富的遗传多样性,贵州矮马的基因较伊犁马更为纯合。 相似文献
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[目的]为了解意大利地中海水牛冻精的授精效果及其在我国生长适应情况。[方法]利用国内首次引进意大利地中海水牛冻精与我国现有的摩拉、尼里——拉菲和本地水牛进行人工授精,试验选取自然发情的摩拉水牛20头,尼里水牛16头,本地水牛32头,年龄在2.5~9岁之间,采用直肠把握子宫角深部输精法,配种后40 d应用B超进行早期妊娠诊断怀孕情况。[结果]：摩拉、尼里——拉菲和本地水牛受胎率分别为50.00%、75.00%、56.25%,平均人工授精配种受胎率为58.82%,品种间人工授精受胎率差异不显著（P〉0.1）。[结论]表明引进地中海水牛冻精开展杂交组合,改良我国现有的水牛品种,提高其生产性能是切实可行的。 相似文献
15.
利用微卫星标记分析贵州5个地方鸡品种遗传多样性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过选用30个多态性较好的微卫星标记,检测了贵州省5个地方鸡品种:竹乡鸡、威宁鸡、黔东南小香鸡、高脚鸡、乌蒙乌骨鸡的遗传多样性。计算了各群体的平均遗传杂合度(H)、多态信息含量(PIC)和群体间的DA遗传距离。结果表明:在5个品种中,杂合度最低的是高脚鸡,为0.501,杂合度最高的是竹乡鸡,为0.673,因此贵州各地方鸡品种的杂合度相差较大,据分析可能是由于交通闭塞,形成了家禽品种的多种多型,而且杂合度的高低与PIC值的大小体现了较高的一致性;用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,结果6个鸡品种被聚为3类:竹乡鸡、黔东南小香鸡和威宁鸡聚为一类,乌蒙乌骨鸡自聚为一类;高脚鸡独自聚为一类。这与几个鸡品种的来源、分化、选育历史及地理分布是一致的。 相似文献
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利用微卫星标记分析贵州地方鸡种的遗传多样性及亲缘关系 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用7个微卫星标记对12个贵州地方鸡种及1个引入鸡种的遗传多样性进行了检测，分析了各标记座位上的等位基因及频率、基因杂合度、平均基因杂合度、多态信息含量、平均多态信息含量及群体间的亲缘关系。结果表明：13个种群在7个标记座位上的等位基因及频率等均存在一定差异。其中，瑶山鸡的平均基因杂合度最高，引入鸡种隐性白洛克的平均基因杂合度最低，其余鸡种介于其间。平均多态信息含量的分析结果与此类似，说明瑶山鸡的遗传多样性最为丰富。模糊聚类的结果表明，13个鸡种分为2大类群，隐性白洛克独自为1个类群，12个贵州地方鸡种构成1个类群。12个贵州地方鸡种又可进一步分为2个小类群：其中1个小类群由兴义土鸡、矮脚鸡首先聚在一起，然后依次聚上黔东南小香鸡、黔东南小香乌骨鸡构成；高脚鸡、瑶山鸡、威宁鸡、竹乡鸡、竹乡乌骨鸡、黑羽乌蒙乌骨鸡、乌蒙鸡、麻羽乌蒙乌骨鸡则构成另一个小类群。 相似文献
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采用不同药物处理和给药方式,对不同品种水牛在不同季节自然发情和同期发情配种后的受胎效果进行系统研究,以期建立一套稳定的适合水牛同期发情的处理方法。试验选取本地水牛(102头)、摩拉水牛(129头)、尼里/拉菲水牛(98头)和杂交水牛(326头)共655头,分为5个组进行比较试验。结果表明:河流型摩拉水牛和尼里/拉菲水牛的同期发情率和配种受胎率均高于杂交水牛和本地水牛(P<0.05),但同为河流型的摩拉和尼里/拉菲水牛之间没有差异(P>0.05),以本地水牛效果最差,其同期发情率和配种受胎率分别为74.51%和30.39%;应用不同的药物处理时,以GnRH+PGF2α+GnRH效果最好,同期发情率和受胎率分别为88.46%和46.38%,其同期发情率显著高于其他各药物组(P<0.05),而用PGc的效果最差(分别为79.10%和33.21%);用PMSG肌注+PGc灌注法,其同期发情率和受胎率效果最好,显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),其次是PMSG肌注+PGc肌注法,PGc肌注法效果最差;在冬季进行同期发情处理时,同期发情率和受胎率最高(分别为83.75%和43.28%),明显高于其他各季节(P<0.05);水牛自然发情的人工授精受胎率和胚胎移植的受胎率均比同期发情的高,差异显著(P<0.05)。 相似文献
18.
本研究采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对193头广西西林水牛和196头广西富钟水牛的血清运铁蛋白、白蛋白和淀粉酶的基因型、基因型频率及遗传变异系数进行分析,探讨这两个品种的遗传背景。结果表明,西林水牛和富钟水牛运铁蛋白(Tf)受TfA和TfD两个等位基因控制,基因频率TfD＞TfA,以TfD为优势基因,DD为优势基因型;西林水牛和富钟水牛的白蛋白(Alb)受AlbA和AlbX两个等位基因控制,基因频率为AlbX＞AlbA,以AlbX为优势基因,西林水牛以XX为优势基因型,而富钟水牛以AX为优势基因型;富钟水牛血清淀粉酶(Amy)存在AA、AB、BB、BC、AC、CC 6种基因型,受AmyA、AmyB、AmyC 3个等位基因控制,在AmyⅠ、AmyⅡ中都是以AmyA为优势基因,分别以AB和BC为优势基因型。本研究结果发现,3种血清蛋白在西林水牛和富钟水牛中不存在性别差异(P＞0.05),提示广西这两个优良地方水牛品种的遗传稳定性较好。 相似文献
19.
PANG Chun-ying DENG Ting-xian LU Xing-rong ZHU Peng DUAN An-qin LIANG Xian-wei 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(9):2418-2424
This study was aimed to detect the polymorphisms of Leptin gene in buffalo that provided a fundamental for further study on marker assisted breeding in buffaloes.The single nuclease polymorphisms (SNP) of Leptin gene were identified and genotyped by using DNA pooled sequencing and high-resolution melting (HRM) method in three buffalo breeds with 182 buffalo individuals,respectively.The results showed that seven SNPs of Leptin gene were identified in studied population that were located in the intron 1,intron 2 and exon 3 regions,respectively.All the SNPs loci were moderate polymorphism except for the SNP5 and SNP6.The χ2-test indicated that all the SNPs loci were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in Nili-Ravi population (P>0.05).Our findings revealed that seven SNPs of Leptin gene in buffalo were identified and genotyped in population,which provide the data support for further analyzing the associations between these polymorphism and production traits in buffaloes. 相似文献
20.
试验旨在检测水牛瘦素（Leptin）基因序列的多态性,为进一步开展水牛标记辅助育种研究奠定基础。运用DNA混合池结合直接测序及高分辨熔解曲线（HRM）法在182头奶水牛个体中进行Leptin基因SNP位点的筛选和分型。结果表明,在试验群体中Leptin基因共发现7个SNPs,位于内含子1、内含子3和外显子3区域,分别是A3123G、A3776G、A4154G、A5228G、A5524C、G5573T和A5751C。除了SNP5和SNP6位点在尼里－拉菲水牛群体中的多态信息含量（PIC）属于低度多态之外,所有SNPs位点在3个水牛群体中均属于中度多态。经χ2检验,所有SNPs位点的突变在尼里－拉菲水牛群体均达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态（P>0.05）。本研究成功筛查7个水牛Leptin基因SNPs位点并进行了基因分型,为下一步开展奶水牛Leptin基因的标记－性状关联分析奠定基础。 相似文献