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1.
取患“白体病”罗氏沼虾 (Macrobrachiumrosenbergii)腹部的病变组织及其鳃、心肌、肝胰腺、生殖腺等器官和组织 ,经光镜和电镜制样观察 ,未发现病原体 ,表明该病为非病原体引起的疾病。光镜下的病变组织结构与正常组织相比无明显异常。但在电镜下 ,病变主要表现为肌肉细胞的线粒体和肌质网的变性、坏死。线粒体肿胀、空泡化 ,肌质网增多且形成许多内陷小泡 ,表明细胞处于缺氧和钙代谢紊乱状态 ,这可能与虾生存的环境和养殖条件有关。根据超微病理与组织学观察结果 ,认为“罗氏沼虾白体病”更确切的命名应为“罗氏沼虾肌肉细胞线粒体坏死症” 相似文献
2.
对患肌肉白浊病的罗氏沼虾进行细菌分离、寄生虫检查、组织病理观察以及虾池的水质分析和疾病的流行病学调查,排除了细菌、寄生虫以及水质环境因素造成该病的可能性,并发现病症多发生在体长0 8～3cm的幼虾中,而体长3cm以上的虾病症明显减轻。病虾的显微和亚显微组织病理观察发现,病虾腹部白浊的肌肉组织肌纤维肌浆内存在嗜碱性包涵体,肝胰腺、血细胞、心脏和鳃组织细胞胞浆内也有嗜碱性包涵体出现,包涵体内有大量以晶格状排列、无囊膜的二十面体球状病毒颗粒,直径为(23.6±3.8)nm(n=40)。在包涵体外的胞浆内,尤其在白浊肌肉组织肌纤维肌浆内也分布有大量病毒。心脏和鳃组织出现不同程度的变性,肌肉组织、肝胰腺、血细胞除变性外还出现坏死;肌肉组织病变尤为严重,肌肉白浊症状是肌肉组织变性、坏死的结果。将病虾白浊肌肉组织以口服方式感染健康虾,健康虾出现与自然发病虾一样的症状,发病率和死亡率亦与自然感染病虾相近,表明上述二十面体球状病毒是罗氏沼虾肌肉白浊病的病原。 相似文献
3.
3.虾微孢子虫病【症状】病虾肌肉松弛,呈乳白色、不透明;鳃、皮下、卵巢、心、肝胰脏、中肠等部位变白,并出现瘤状白色肿块,如侵害生殖腺,则在背部中线有不透明的白色区。常将患病的虾称为牛奶虾、棉花虾。【流行及危害】该病对幼体和成体均可造成感染。发病季节在6～9月,虾的死亡率可高达90%以上。【诊断】根据虾体发白的症状可作初步判断;病变组织制成压片,镜检时若见到孢子结构即可确诊。【防治方法】①采取综合性防疫措施进行预防,对于混养池,发现病虾要彻底捞出并销毁,还要对同池混养的其它品种进行消毒处理;②用0.15～0.2克/千克体重… 相似文献
4.
鲤鱼骨骼肌的超微结构及其病理改变 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正> 有关鱼类骨骼肌的超微结构,尤其是患病时的病理变化情况目前国内还未见报道。由于多种疾病都可引起骨骼肌的损伤,影响鱼的发育,因而开展这方面的研究对鱼病的防治还是很有意义的。基于此点,我们对患痘疮病的鲤鱼轴上肌亚显微结构进行了观察,并与正常鲤鱼同部位结构进行了比较。 相似文献
5.
对虾发光病病原菌的致病性及病理学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报道了对虾发光病病原菌的致病性、发病症状和病理变化。结果表明:哈维氏弧菌对虾类有极强的致病性,并引起组织和器官不同程度的病变。病理变化表现为:肌纤维颗粒变性,纵裂,坏死:肝胰腺空泡变性,坏死;淋巴器官坏死等。注射感染的发病虾,肝胰腺出现血细胞浸润,说明对虾对细菌感染有一定的防御能力。 相似文献
6.
大口鲶出血病是一种广泛流行,危害严重的鱼病。其组织病理变化主要表现为全身性小血管损伤和各脏器的广泛病变,其中肝,脾,肾的病变尤为明显。肝细胞发生大量坏死,甚至解体,脾小体坏死,解体;肾小管上皮细胞肿胀,变性或坏死。此外,血液病理变化结果显示,病鱼血液中的红细胞,白细胞及血红蛋白含量均显著低于健康鱼。 相似文献
7.
对自然发病、投喂感染和注射感染的中国对虾、凡纳滨对虾白斑综合征进行组织与细胞病理研究，结果发现：中国对虾与凡纳滨对虾的病理变化相似，但不同感染方式的患病对虾有差异。临床病理：相同点表现为游动无力，反应迟钝，胃中无食，体色变暗，肌肉浑浊，肝胰腺肿大；不同点为自然发病和投喂感染的对虾临床病理变化比注射人工感染明显，病程长。显微病理：相同点表现为细胞核肿大，细胞变性、坏死等；不同点为自然发病和投喂感染的病虾胃、肝胰腺的病理变化比注射感染严重，坏死细胞数量多，组织大面积坏死溶解；注射感染病虾的肌肉组织显微病理变化比自然发病、投喂感染严重。超微病理：相同点表现为细胞肿大、变性、坏死、溶解，线粒体、内质网等细胞器形态变异，肿大，膜溶解或整体崩解；细胞核肿大或固缩或溶解．部分细胞核中可见WSSV；不同点为注射感染的患病对虾肌肉组织的超微病理变化比自然发病、投喂感染严重，肌细胞核中观察到WSSV的几率较高；投喂感染、自然发病对虾的胃上皮细胞、肝胰腺细胞的超微病理变化比注射感染严重。另外，不同类型的细胞对WSSV的易感性不相同，血细胞为最常见的被病毒感染的靶细胞，血细胞通过细胞变形或形成伪足，贴附于其它组织细胞膜上。 相似文献
8.
五、黑鳃病 其病原主要是柱状曲桡杆菌感染引起。病虾鳃呈桔黄色或褐色,后逐步变暗,最后变成黑色,故称黑鳃病。开始一般由细菌、真菌感染,造成组织病变,呼吸困难,然后水流带来许多有机碎片附着鳃丝上,加之寄生聚缩虫等,更加重了呼吸困难,使虾体消瘦,游动停滞至死亡。病虾浮于水面,不久即死,主要危害对虾幼体。 相似文献
9.
三疣梭子蟹患"乳化病"后几种保护酶活力的变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以酶活力试剂盒测定法研究三疣梭子蟹患“乳化病”后主要病变组织中保护酶系统的病理变化。以患病三疣梭子蟹的肝胰腺、鳃、心肌及步足肌组织为材料，研究4种组织中淀粉酶（AMS）、超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）、溶菌酶（Lysozyme）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、谷草转氨酶（AST／GOT）和谷丙转氨酶（ALT／GPT）8种酶活力及丙二醛（MDA）指标的变化。试验结果表明：病变后梭子蟹4种组织中9种指标均存在不同程度的病理变化，表明酶活力指标可以作为乳化病病理分析的重要参考依据。 相似文献
10.
<正>家兔巴氏杆菌病,是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的一种急性传染病。毒力、感染途径、患病部位、病程长短不同,其临床症状和病理变化也不尽相同,病的名称也不同,主要包括全身败血、传染性鼻炎、地方性肺炎、中耳炎、眼结膜炎等。多发生于春秋季,呈散发或地方性流行。发病率20%～70%,急性 相似文献
11.
Serum enolase: a non‐destructive biomarker of white skeletal myopathy during pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. 
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下载免费PDF全文 M Braceland M F McLoughlin J Tinsley C Wallace D Cockerill M McLaughlin P D Eckersall 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(9):821-831
Diseases which cause skeletal muscle myopathy are some of the most economically damaging diseases in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., aquaculture. Despite this, there are limited means of assessing fish health non‐destructively. Previous investigation of the serum proteome of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., during pancreas disease (PD) has identified proteins in serum that have potential as biomarkers of the disease. Amongst these proteins, the enzyme enolase was selected as the most viable for use as a biomarker of muscle myopathy associated with PD. Western blot and immunoassay (ELISA) validated enolase as a biomarker for PD, whilst immunohistochemistry identified white muscle as the source of enolase. Enolase was shown to be a specific marker for white muscle myopathy in salmon, rising in serum concentration significantly correlating with pathological damage to the tissue. 相似文献
12.
草鱼不同部位肌肉营养成分、肌纤维特性以及脂肪代谢相关基因的表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)不同部位肌肉品质的差异,本研究选取体质量为(1 026.10±145.55)g的草鱼,检测了背部、腹上部、腹底部和尾部肌肉的营养成分、肌纤维组织结构特性以及脂肪代谢相关基因的表达。结果表明,草鱼腹底部肌肉的粗脂肪含量显著高于背部、腹上部和尾部肌肉,而水分含量则显著降低;背部肌肉粗蛋白含量显著高于腹上部、腹底部和尾部肌肉。腹上部肌肉的肌纤维直径显著高于背部、腹底部和尾部肌肉,但其肌纤维密度则显著降低,而最高的肌纤维密度出现在腹底部肌肉;草鱼背部和尾部肌肉肌纤维密度无显著差异。草鱼腹底部肌肉的脂蛋白脂肪酶基因mRNA表达量显著高于草鱼背部、腹上部和尾部肌肉。脂肪酸合成酶和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α的mRNA表达量在草鱼背部、腹上部、腹底部和尾部肌肉之间无显著差异。研究表明,草鱼不同部位的肌肉营养特性存在显著性差异,肌肉脂肪含量与肌纤维直径呈负相关,与脂蛋白脂肪酶基因的表达量呈正相关。 相似文献
13.
梭子蟹酵母菌人工感染实验和组织病理学初步研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
近年,浙江省舟山市暂养梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)连续暴发“乳化病”,发病蟹均分离到一种酵母菌。本实验以该株酵母菌通过肌肉注射方式,对三疣梭子蟹、红星棱子蟹、日本鲟3个品种的健康蟹进行了人工感染实验,以验证其致病性。结果发现,该菌株能感染试验蟹类,并出现与自然发病蟹类似的症状。从感染蟹的体液、肝胰腺、心脏等部位分离到了酵母菌,但未分离到细菌,也未发现寄生虫。酵母菌在病蟹的肝胰腺、鳃、心脏中大量侵袭,并引起这些组织发生以坏死为主的变质性病变,其病理特征主要表现为：细胞肿胀、变性、坏死,某些细胞的细胞核固缩、碎裂或崩解。初步确认该酵母菌是引发梭子蟹“乳化病”的病原。 相似文献
14.
The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation changes, was measured in the muscles of male and female common tench (Tinca tinca L.). Differences in MDA concentrations were determined in samples in cranio-caudal and dorso-ventral directions and in surface and deep muscle layers. Mean MDA concentration in both sexes (n=27) was 0.037 mol g-1 tissue (wet weight), with the highest levels in the cranial segment. The difference between the cranial and other segments was significant (p < 0.05 in males andp < 0.01 in females). HigherMDAvalues were found in the cranial segment (malesp < 0.05, femalesp < 0.01), in females in ventral part of the cranio-medial segment, in males in the ventral part of the medio-caudal and dorsal parts of the caudal segment (p < 0.05). Both sexes had higher MDA levels in the ventral parts of the first three segments and in the dorsal part of the caudal segment. The results show lipid peroxidation products that may constitute a potential risk for consumers. We found that the content of these substances in tench varies with body topography. The malondialdehyde content of fresh muscle tissue in tench correlated with its content on a fat weight basis. The highest correlation was found for the dorsal part of segments in females (r = 0.9964), the lowest for ventral parts of segments in males. Quantitative distribution of MDA in body segments of the examined tench population was used as a criterion for creating types and subtypes of lipid peroxidation. Samples for hygienic analysis should include musculature from the site least stable in terms of lipid peroxidation, i.e. the cranial segment. 相似文献
15.
Abstract. The structural changes which occur in the heart, the lateral muscle and the large intestine during the development of cold water vibriosis in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., have been studied by light and electron microscopy. The results strongly suggest a causative relationship between the presence of the fish pathogen, Vibrio salmonicida , and the observed pathological changes. Cell damage was invariably accompanied by the presence of the bacterium. A close relationship was found between the number of bacteria detected in the tissues and the degree of morphological damage. The most severe cell damage was found in areas with a rich blood supply. The earliest sign of damage was detected in the cell coat and cell membrane on the luminal side of the endothelial cells of the capillaries. Later in the development, the bacteria were also found intracellularly in endothelial cells. In moribund fish, the cells in the vicinity of the capillaries were also severely damaged. Bacteria appeared intracellularly in leucocytes even in early stages of the disease. This caused more severe damage to leucocytes compared to erythrocytes, which seldom contained bacteria. 相似文献
16.
Carl D. Webster James H. Tidwell Laura S. Goodgame Daniel H. Yancey 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1994,25(1):126-134
Channel catfish Zctalurus punetatus were fasted for 20, 40, 60, and 80 d. Proximate and fatty acid composition of liver, abdominal fat, muscle, and viscera were determined. Percentage moisture, protein, and lipid of viscera showed little change during the period of fasting. Percentage protein in muscle decreased ( P < 0.05) after 20 d of fasting from time 0 (control), while percentage lipid increased ( P < 0.05). Fish fasted for 0, 40, 60, and 80 d were not different ( P > 0.05). In the liver, percentage lipid was higher in fish that were not fasted (0 d) than in fish fasted 20, 40, 60, and 80 d ( P < 0.05). while percentage moisture was lower in control fish compared to all other treatments ( P < 0.05). Fatty acid composition of muscle and liver indicated that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 22:6(n-3), was conserved in these tissues during fasting, while oleic acid, 18:1(n-9), concentration decreased during fasting. Fatty acid composition of abdominal fat indicated that a high percentage (>50%) of the total lipid was composed of oleic acid and there was little change in levels of individual fatty acids in abdominal fat during 80 d of fasting. 相似文献
17.
养殖河蟹“抖抖病”的病原检验与病理学初步研究 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
对采自中华绒螯蟹养殖主产区的患“抖肢”症病蟹的病理、病原和流行病学研究表明,病蟹的肝胰腺组织脂肪变性、水样变性至空泡化,乃至组织坏死,并有大量颗粒细胞浸润;鳃组织坏死、水肿,棒状化。临床表现为肝性水肿、肝脓肿与糜烂症状;鳃颜色异常,鳃丝溃烂;胸肢抽搐、颤抖与痉挛。流行病调查结果表明,疾病发生与养殖密度、管理强度成正相关,而与养殖品种、水源和地域无关。该病可基本排除细菌、寄生虫等病原生物的致病性。 相似文献
18.
Dhirendra Prasad Thakur Katsuji Morioka Naoya Itoh Mizuho Wada Yoshiaki Itoh 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(6):1489-1498
The study was conducted to evaluate the meat texture, muscle proximate composition, lipid class composition, and collagen
content of cultured amberjack and to compare these parameters with those of the yellowtail. Our results showed that the meat
texture of cultured amberjack was tougher and had a lower degree of seasonality than that of cultured yellowtail. Muscle lipid
and collagen content also varied in the two fish species over the study period. Meat breaking strength was not correlated
with any of the muscle constituents, indicating that variations in the meat texture of cultured amberjack was not directly
influenced by the changes in the muscle biochemical constituents. 相似文献
19.
对我国虹彩病毒感染的大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus进行的组织病理和超微病理学研究发现,该病典型的病理学特点是在病鱼的脾脏、肾脏、肠、肝脏、鳃、心脏和皮肤等器官组织内出现嗜碱性的肿大细胞。病毒感染导致患病大菱鲆多个器官组织发生了不同程度的病理变化,其中以脾脏组织的病理变化最为显著,表现为造血组织的严重坏死。此外,肾脏造血组织发生坏死、肠固有膜和黏膜下层出血和水肿、肝细胞水样变性、心肌局灶性坏死以及皮肤真皮层出血并伴有水肿和炎性渗出也是该病常见的组织病理学变化。超微病理研究表明,肿大细胞内有虹彩病毒粒子存在。病毒分布于受感染细胞的胞质、组织间隙以及血管腔内。受感染细胞出现线粒体和内质网等细胞器肿胀、崩解等细胞病理变化。研究认为,病毒感染造成皮下组织血管损伤出血,是虹彩病毒感染的大菱鲆发生＂红体病＂的原因所在。虹彩病毒感染所致的机体严重贫血是患病大菱鲆死亡的主要原因,而主要器官组织的病变使得病鱼器官功能衰竭则可加速鱼的死亡。 相似文献