共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Hiroki HIRAYAMA Akira FUJIKAWA Soichi KAGEYAMA Satoru MORIYASU Ken SAWAI Sadao ONOE Akira MINAMIHASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(5):554-560
This study examined genetic diagnosis using whole genome amplification (WGA) in bovine embryos. The first experiment was conducted to compare the WGA efficiency of primer extension preamplification-PCR (PEP-PCR) and multiple displacement amplification (MDA), and to optimize the DNA extraction method. The sensitivity of SRY -specific PCR from MDA products increased when DNA of fibroblasts was extracted by a NaOH treatment instead of the conventional method (heat treatment). The detectability of SRY from PEP-PCR products was lower than that in MDA regardless of the DNA extraction method (proteinase K or NaOH treatment). Sexing and genotyping were performed using MDA products from embryo biopsy. The accuracy of PCR-based and LAMP-based sexing was 100% regardless of the amounts of biopsy. Genotyping of CL16 , BND3 , SCD and F11 in MDA products from 10 to 20% of trophectoderm was successful 97, 97, 95 and 95% of the time, respectively, but reduced biopsy amount (<10% of trophectoderm) decreased the accuracies (33–83%). Microsatellite markers were analyzed using MDA products from 10 to 20% of trophectoderm. In eight out of 16 microsatellites, genotypes were not contradictory among the dam, sire and embryos. In the other eight microsatellites, the inconsistency rates were 17–83%. These results indicate that MDA is useful for multiple genetic diagnoses in bovine embryos. 相似文献
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Canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1) and type 2 (CAV-2) can be categorized in the laboratory by haemagglutination and neutralization tests, but they are difficult to differentiate from each other in specimens, especially when infection occurs in the digestive tract. The object of this study was to develop a simple method of detecting and differentiating them. One pair of common primers was designed and synthesized according to the sequences of the E3 and flanking regions and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was established using these two primers to amplify the virus-specific DNA fragment from clinical specimens as well as from cell cultures. After electrophoresis, under the same amplification conditions, 508 bp and 1030 bp PCR products were observed for CAV-1 and CAV-2, respectively. These were further shown to be adenovirus specific by dot hybridization and sequencing. As only one pair of primers was involved in the PCR procedure, it was faster and easier to perform than any of the other assays used for detecting canine adenovirus, making it applicable in the rapid confirmation of diagnosis and differentiation of the two types of canine adenoviruses. 相似文献
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T Hohdatsu M Yamada M Okada M Fukasawa K Watanabe T Ogasawara M Takagi C Aizawa M Hayami H Koyama 《Veterinary microbiology》1992,30(2-3):113-123
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) proviral DNA was detected by the polymerase chain reaction method (PCR). PCR products were detected by gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining. The P-10, P-15 and P-24 regions of the gag gene of FIV were chosen as the target sequences for amplification, and three primer pairs were prepared. The PCR products subjected to amplification with each primer pair were found to possess sites of digestion by a restriction enzyme, as hypothesized. They did not react with feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-infected or feline syncytium-forming virus (FeSFV)-infected cell-derived DNA, and specifically amplified FIV-infected cell-derived DNA. FIV proviral DNA was detected by the PCR method with either primer pair (one-step amplification: single PCR) in DNA derived from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 7 of 12 FIV antibody-positive cats. When PCR products in each of the 12 cats were subjected to a second amplification using the same primer pair (two-step amplification: double PCR), FIV proviral DNA was detected in all of the cats. When PBL samples collected from three cats that were negative and three that were positive in the single PCR were cultured for a few weeks in the presence of interleukin 2, FIV proviral DNA was detected in all six cats by the single PCR method. The results suggest that either the use of cultured PBL as the sample or the performance of the double PCR method enables simple and specific detection of FIV proviral DNA in PBL. 相似文献
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R A Tapp A F Roy R E Corstvet V L Wilson 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2001,13(3):219-229
Cat scratch disease (CSD) has been difficult to diagnose in animals because of the protracted clinical course of infection and the quiescent phases when the microbial culprit lies dormant. The causative agent in CSD appears to be multiple species and strains of Bartonella. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques for amplification of highly variable regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence, a very sensitive species- and strain-specific assay for CSD-causing Bartonella species was developed. PCR primers were designed to specifically amplify the 16S rRNA gene of Bartonella species but not of other microbial pathogens. This initial PCR was multiplexed with a universal primer set, based on conserved sequence regions in the 16S rRNA gene, that provides a 162-bp fragment in all species tested. Subsequently, 3 distinct nested PCR primer sets enabled the individual amplification and specific detection of Bartonella henselae type 1, B. henselae type II, and B. clarridgeae. Thus, this 2-step PCR procedure enabled the sensitive detection and identification of these species and the B. henselae genotype by exploiting minor sequences differences. Verification of these results were demonstrated with both sequencing and ligase chain reaction techniques. The diagnostic usefulness of this CSD test has been demonstrated by the analysis of specimens from control and infected cats. The diagnosis was confirmed and the specific B. henselae strain was correctly identified in peripheral blood specimens obtained from control and strain-specific CSD-infected cats. Such an accurate and sensitive diagnostic tool for the detection and identification of CSD causative agents should be a useful for the medical, veterinary, and scientific communities. 相似文献
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B J Skelly D R Sargan B G Winchester M O Smith M E Herrtage U Giger 《American journal of veterinary research》1999,60(6):726-729
OBJECTIVE: To develop a robust molecular genetic test for alpha-L-fucosidosis in English Springer Spaniels and to screen dogs from the United Kingdom and United States for the mutant allele. ANIMALS: 35 English-bred English Springer Spaniels, 60 American-bred English Springer Spaniels, and 1 affected dog and its parents from a family of English Springer Spaniels in Colorado. PROCEDURE: Polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to amplify the mutated region in the gene encoding alpha-L-fucosidase. High guanine-cytosine (GC) content of the region required use of an amplification buffer with high pH. Mutant and normal alleles were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Molecular genetic test results were compared with enzyme data. RESULTS: A 262-bp PCR product was amplified from normal dogs and compared with a 248-bp product from affected dogs. Carriers had 1 copy of each allele, distinguishable by the 14-bp size difference. Two carriers among the English-bred dogs were identified by use of enzyme and genomic DNA analyses. The molecular defect in dogs from Colorado was proven to be the same as that in British and Australian dogs. None of the other 60 American-bred dogs carried the mutant allele. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:A PCR method that can be used to identify dogs affected with or carriers of the autosomal recessive disease fucosidosis was established. Amplification was achieved within a GC-rich region, using a method that may be useful in overcoming amplification problems in GC-rich areas within other genes. Using this test, fucosidosis can be controlled and ultimately eradicated from the English Springer Spaniel population. 相似文献
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在前期克隆获得Lp5CS基因的全长ｃＤＮＡ 序列基础上,采用ＰＣＲ 扩增技术对多年生黑麦草脯氨酸合成酶基因p5CS的定点突变体系进行了探讨,并运用农杆菌转化技术对突变后的基因进行了功能验证。根据突变位点序列设计一对引物,使用Ｐｆｕ高保真ＤＮＡ 聚合酶和超级感受态细胞ＤＭＴ,通过ＰＣＲ 扩增,获得含有所要突变位点的犔狆犘５犆犛Ｆ１２８Ａ,定向克隆入真核表达载体ｐＣＡＭＢＩＡ１３００中,转化拟南芥验证基因功能。结果表明,预期位点上发生了突变,Lp5CS编码的第１２８位密码子已由苯丙氨酸残基（Ｐｈｅｎｙｌａｌａｎｉｎｅ,简称Ｐｈｅ或Ｆ）变为丙氨酸残基（Ａｌａｎｉｎｅ,Ａｌａ）,证明用ＰＣＲ 技术已成功地使Lp5CS基因发生定点突变。转基因拟南芥Ｔ１ 代植株进行ＰＣＲ和ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测,获得４个转基因阳性株系。拟南芥Ｔ２代植株经１００ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＣｌ处理７ｄ后,转基因株系脯氨酸含量分别为４２６２和５６２３μｇ／ｇＦＷ,显著高于野生型株系的２５８１μｇ／ｇＦＷ。说明转基因株系能积累更多地脯氨酸。 相似文献
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在提取黄牛肉、牦牛肉和水牛肉总DNA的基础上,设计通用引物进行PCR扩增,电泳回收PCR产物后双向测序,再通过构建系统进化树鉴别牛肉的物种来源。PCR扩增获得的牦牛、水牛12S rDNA基因片段大小都为440 bp,黄牛12S rDNA基因片段大小都为439 bp。参照引用的不同牛种12S rDNA基因序列,构建的系统进化树能够清晰地鉴别测序样品的牛种来源。因此,结合运用PCR扩增和DNA测序技术是一种精确可靠的方法,能够有效地运用于牛肉的种源鉴别。 相似文献
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Here we describe an approach to genotyping D. nodosus, based on variation in the fimbrial subunit gene (fimA), which uses polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and hybridisation to immobilised oligonucleotides (PCR/oligotyping).The variable region of D. nodosus fimA, amplified and labelled with digoxigenin (DIG) in a single multiplex PCR amplification, was hybridised to a panel of group- and type-specific poly-dT tailed oligonucleotides that were immobilised on a nylon membrane strip. A mixture of positive control poly-dT tailed oligonucleotides was also included on the membrane. After hybridisation the membrane was washed to a defined specificity, and DIG-labelled fragments hybridising were detected with nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (SCIP). The specificity of the oligonucleotides was verified by the lack of cross-reactivity with D. nodosus fimA sequences that had a single base difference. DNA from 14 footrot samples previously genotyped by PCR-SSCP/sequencing [Vet. Microbiol. 71 (2000) 113], was assayed using the PCR/oligotyping technique. All types of D. nodosus which had been detected previously with a PCR-SSCP/sequencing method were detected by this procedure. However, for three of the 14 footrot samples, PCR/oligotyping detected additional types of D. nodosus. Further PCR amplification using type-specific primers, confirmed that these types of the bacterium were present in the footrot samples. These results indicate that PCR/oligotyping is a specific, accurate, and useful tool for typing footrot samples. In combination with a rapid DNA extraction protocol, D. nodosus strains present in a footrot sample can be accurately identified in less than 2 days. 相似文献
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1. Birds, especially nestlings, are generally difficult to sex by morphology and early detection of chick gender in ovo in the hatchery would facilitate removal of unwanted chicks and diminish welfare objections regarding culling after hatch. 2. We describe a method to determine chicken gender without the need for PCR via use of Thymine-DNA Glycosylase (TDG). TDG restores thymine (T)/guanine (G) mismatches to cytosine (C)/G. We show here, that like DNA Polymerase, TDG can recognise, bind and function on a primer hybridised to chicken genomic DNA. 3. The primer contained a T to mismatch a G in a chicken genomic template and the T/G was cleaved with high fidelity by TDG. Thus, the chicken genomic DNA can be identified without PCR amplification via direct and linear detection. Sensitivity was increased using gender specific sequences from the chicken genome. 4. Currently, these are laboratory results, but we anticipate that further development will allow this method to be used in non-laboratory settings, where PCR cannot be employed. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究白细胞表面抗原DRB1基因外显子3多态性与哈萨克羊布鲁氏菌病易感性的相关性。运用混合DNA池结合PCR产物直接测序方法,对哈萨克羊DRB1基因外显子3进行多态性分析,经卡方检验分析每个SNP位点的等位基因频率、基因型频率及其多态性与布鲁氏菌病易感性的相关性,利用生物信息学分析软件对PCR扩增所获序列进行RNA二级结构及蛋白质的二级结构和抗原表位分析。结果表明,在282 bp的外显子3序列中共检测到7个SNPs,分别为：T10C、C119T（Trp→Arg）、G215C（Gln→Glu）、A238G、T245G（Ser→Ala）、G256A、C259T,这些位点在病例组和对照组之间的等位基因频率及各基因型间不存在显著性差异（P > 0.05）;进一步分析发现,各突变位点均引起RNA二级结构和最小自由能的改变,各错义突变位点均未引起蛋白质二级结构和抗原表位的改变。由此得出,DRB1基因外显子3的7个SNPs位点（T10C、C119T、G215C、A238G、T245G、G256A和C259T）与哈萨克羊布鲁氏菌病易感性无相关性。 相似文献
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Sex identification of Japanese black bear,Ursus thibetanus japonicus,by PCR based on amelogenin gene
Yamamoto K Tsubota T Komatsu T Katayama A Murase T Kita I Kudo T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(6):505-508
A method for sex identification of the Japanese black bear was examined using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of a part of the amelogenin gene. This gene is located on the X and Y chromosomes, and there are 54 nucleotide deletions on the Y chromosome-specific gene. Forty-seven (26 male and 21 female) DNA samples and 23 (13 male and 10 female) DNA samples, respectively extracted from white blood cells and hairs of Japanese black bears were analyzed. The primers SE47 and SE48 from this X-Y homologous region were used in sex identification by PCR amplification. These primers amplified X- and Y-specific bands, which could be used to discriminate between sexes by a length polymorphism in all samples. We suggest that PCR amplification using the primers SE47 and SE48 is useful for sex determination of the Japanese black bear and could be applied to DNA analysis of small samples such as hairs. 相似文献
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The flagellin genes (fliC) of Clostridium chauvoei, Clostridium haemolyticum, Clostridium novyi types A and B, and Clostridium septicum were analysed by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing. The five Clostridium species have at least two copies of the flagellin gene (fliC) arranged in tandem on the chromosome. The deduced N- and C-terminal aminoacid sequences of the flagellin proteins (FliCs) of these clostridia are well conserved but their central region aminoacid sequences are not. Phylogenic analysis based on the N-terminal aminoacid sequence of the FliC protein revealed that these clostridia, which belong to Clostridium 16S rDNA phylogenic cluster I (), are more closely related to Bacillus subtilis than to Clostridium difficile, which belongs to the cluster XI. Moreover, a multiplex polymerase reaction (PCR) system based on the fliC sequence was developed to rapidly identify C. chauvoei, C. haemolyticum, C. novyi types A and B, and C. septicum. PCR of each Clostridium amplified a species-specific band. The multiplex PCR system may be useful for rapid identification of pathogenic clostridia. 相似文献
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利用牛分枝杆菌MPB70基因特异性引物,以2株牛分枝杆菌广西分离株的染色体DNA为模板,扩增MPB70基因,产物经纯化后与载体PMD18-T连接,然后转化至大肠杆菌DH5α。提取转染后大肠杆菌的质粒进行双酶切和PCR鉴定,鉴定为阳性的质粒进行序列测定。测序后通过序列分析软件DNAstar MegAlign对MPB70基因核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列进行分析,并与GenBank上已发表的8株牛分枝杆菌的MPB70基因参考序列进行比较。结果显示广西分离株mt359、mt370与已发表的7株参考株序列比较,其核苷酸序列和氨基酸同源性在77.4%~95.9%之间。这一结果表明广西奶水牛分枝杆菌分离株与参考的其他牛分枝杆菌毒株的MPB70基因没有太大的差异,说明牛分枝杆菌分泌蛋白MPB70基因十分保守,从而为检测跟踪毒株的变异,研制牛分枝杆菌亚单位疫苗提供基础。 相似文献
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从水貂腿部肌肉中分离提取总DNA,经PCR扩增出水貂FSH-β基因DNA序列。PCR产物经凝胶回收纯化,连接到pMD-18T载体上,然后转化到感受态细胞JM109中。在含X-gal和IPTG的LB(Amp+)平板上筛选阳性克隆菌落,提取质粒作限制性酶切及PCR鉴定后,对目的片段进行测序。结果表明, PCR 扩增出的DNA片段碱基数为500 bp,通过Blast比对,分析了其与人、牛、猪、绵羊、鼠促卵泡激素核苷酸序列的同源性。 相似文献
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本研究旨在通过CRISPR/Cas9体外酶切法及细胞水平上的PCR扩增测序筛选出靶向食蟹猴NTCP基因具有高敲除活性的gRNA。首先通过比对食蟹猴与人类NTCP氨基酸序列,选择差异位点,即第84-87位和第157-165位氨基酸作为基因靶点序列区;利用gRNA软件设计针对上述基因靶点序列的gRNA,每个靶点设计3~4条候选gRNA序列;然后利用gRNA体外检测试剂盒,筛选出靶向NTCP基因的体外敲除活性较高的两条gRNA序列：gRNA1.2和gRNA2.1。将gRNA1.2和gRNA2.1分别插入pLV hUbC-Cas9-T2A-GFP载体中,转染食蟹猴原代肝细胞。提取转染后细胞基因组DNA,通过PCR扩增NTCP基因并将其克隆到T载体中进行测序分析。结果表明,gRNA1.2和gRNA2.1均可使NTCP基因产生移码突变,但gRNA2.1比gRNA1.2具有更高的敲除活性。本研究为下一步编辑食蟹猴NTCP基因及研究其在乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染中的功能奠定了基础。 相似文献
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This study was aimed to screen gRNA of efficient knockout activity targeting Macaca fascicularis NTCP gene by the CRISPR/Cas9 enzyme digestion method and PCR amplification methods in vitro.Comparing NTCP gene sequences between Macaca fascicularis and human,the sequences of NTCP gene coding amino acid 84 to 87 and 157 to 165 were chosen as gene knockout targets.3 to 4 candidate gRNA sequences were designed in two target sequence regions through gRNA software.By screening cleavage activity targeting NTCP gene in vitro,gRNA1.2 and gRNA2.1 were selected and inserted into pLV hUbC-Cas9-T2A-GFP plasmid,respectively.The genome DNA was extracted from primary hepatocytes after gRNA1.2 and gRNA2.1 being transferred,respectively.Then NTCP sequences were amplified by PCR and sequenced by being cloned into T vector.The results indicated that compared to gRNA1.2,gRNA2.1 had much higher activity to make a frame-shift mutation in NTCP gene.This study laid a theoretical foundation for further editing NTCP gene and its biological function in Macaca fascicularis. 相似文献