共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 453 毫秒
1.
子午岭地区植被演替过程中土壤养分及酶活性特征研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
选择植被自然恢复不同年限的阳坡梁坡地作为研究对象,采用时空互代法研究子午岭地区植被恢复过程中土壤养分和酶活性的变化.结果表明,植被恢复140 a内,不同土层土壤有机质含量、全氮含量、蔗糖酶活性、脲酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性增加,且表土层(0～20 cm)土壤养分含量和酶活性高于下层土壤(20～40 cm).以裸露地为对照,土壤0～20 cm土层,有机质含量、全氮含量、蔗糖酶活性、脲酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性分别增加了23.8%～534.9%、9.3%～300.0%、213.6%～521.5%、40.4%～286.5%、22.7%～232.2%和3.2%～22.4%,土壤速效磷含量呈现波动变化, 过氧化氢酶活性变化幅度比其他三种酶低.土壤有机质含量与全氮、速效磷含量密切相关;土壤蔗糖酶与土壤有机质、全氮均为极显著的相关关系(0.930/0.918);土壤脲酶活性与全氮含量相关系数最高(0.804);土壤碱性磷酸酶活性与有机质、全氮含量都呈极显著相关(0.977/0.984);土壤过氧化氢酶活性与全氮含量极显著相关,相关系数达0.996. 相似文献
2.
黄土高原南部植被恢复对土壤理化性状与土壤酶活性的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
利用退耕区域不同植被恢复类型为试点,研究不同植被恢复年限、不同恢复类型土壤理化性状和土壤酶活性动态变化。结果表明,随着恢复年限增加,土壤容重先增加后逐渐下降;pH降低,降幅为1.47%~5.52%;土壤有机质、全氮逐渐增加,增幅分别为9.76%~71.54%、17.39%~62.32%;全磷含量除30 a刺槐比对照增加了12.92%外,其它植被类型均低于对照;速效养分略有增加,趋势不明显;酶活性逐渐增强,尿酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶增幅分别为39%~229%、34%~96%、25%~149%、74%~250%。相关性分析表明,各种酶活性与有机质及全氮含量显著相关。因此,实施退耕还林植被恢复有利于土壤理化性状改善,酶活性增强。 相似文献
3.
黄土高原半干旱区植被重建对不同坡位土壤肥力质量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对黄土高原半干旱山地植被重建后不同坡位土壤肥力质量的变化和空间分布特征进行了研究。结果表明:随着人工植被的建立与恢复,有效提高了土壤持水量;不同坡位土壤pH值及全盐含量与荒山相比明显降低,而土壤肥力显著提高,尤其土壤全氮和速效磷含量增加幅度较大;在坡面位置中,上坡位土壤养分含量与下坡位相比普遍要高,而对于荒山则是下坡位的普遍高于上坡位。从坡顶到坡脚表层土壤的全盐含量依次增加,下坡位全盐含量明显高于其它坡位。土壤脲酶活性随着植被重建增加幅度较大,但各坡位间差异不十分明显;表层土壤过氧化氢酶活性对于植被的重建响应不明显,而20-40cm土层的过氧化氢酶活性却显著提高。坡面土壤肥力质量的变化是土地利用方式、植被类型与景观位置分异综合作用的结果,植被恢复和建设对提高该区土壤肥力质量具有重要的作用。 相似文献
4.
弃耕地植被恢复过程中土壤理化性质演变趋势研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对安塞纸坊沟流域14块不同弃耕年限的草地土壤理化性质的研究表明:随着弃耕地植被的恢复,土壤容重降低、孔隙度增大、质地改善;土壤有机质含量、CEC、全氮含量、全钾含量、水解氮及速效钾含量逐步提高,土壤盐分含量、土壤pH值有逐步降低的趋势,说明随着植被的恢复,土壤理化性质在不断优化.另外植被生物量与土壤有机质、CEC、全钾、速效钾、全氮及水解氮均呈极显著正相关,与土壤pH值与土壤容重呈极显著负相关,说明土壤与植被具有互动效应. 相似文献
5.
北京山区采石场边坡植被恢复动态研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以周口店黄院采石场为研究区域,采用空间代替时间的观测方法,研究不同时间梯度植被群落恢复过程和土壤养分异质性变化,以期为矿山废弃地植被恢复和重建提供可借鉴的理论依据。结果表明:随着植被恢复年限的增加,群落物种更替频繁,灌木和乔木物种出现后,群落整体层次性增强;随着演替的正向进行,各时间梯度恢复植被与最终演替物种组成的相似性指数提高;从极度退化生态系统向平衡生态系统演变过程中,草本层和灌木层的丰富度指数R、Simpson多样性指数D、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H和Pielou均匀度指数J表现出数值先变大后变小的规律,受矿山废弃地困难立地的影响,乔木层物种数量和个体数目增长不明显;ANOVA方差分析和LSD最小显著差异统计方法研究显示,不同演替阶段导致土壤养分(有机质、全氮、速效钾)的差异性显著(P<0.01),除有效磷外,其他养分含量均随植被正向演替而增加。 相似文献
6.
为探究荒漠灌丛及其伴生种对灌丛下土壤粒径、养分空间异质性的影响，以西鄂尔多斯国家级自然保护区内沙冬青（Ammopiptanthus mongolicus）-霸王（Sarcozygium xanthoxylon）混生群落、单株沙冬青为研究对象，以周围无植被覆盖的裸沙地为对照（CK），对比分析不同灌丛分布类型下土壤粒度特征、养分积累变化及养分与粒度组成的作用关系。结果表明：（1）单株沙冬青土壤黏粒、粉粒、细砂的体积百分含量较沙冬青-霸王分别增加0.8%、0.8%、0.71%。随灌丛种类减少，土壤粒径依次变细，分选性变差，分形维数变小，土壤颗粒分布逐渐不对称，颗粒组成向细粒物质集中。（2）土壤有机质、碱解氮含量随灌丛种类的增多分别增加了1.85 g·kg-1、8.18 mg·kg-1。单株沙冬青对有机质、速效磷的富集作用较沙冬青-霸王更强，对碱解氮的积累效果较沙冬青-霸王稍差。（3）沙冬青-霸王土壤速效磷含量与细砂含量呈显著正相关（P<0.05），沙冬青土壤碱解氮、速效钾与粗砂呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。沙冬青-霸王、沙冬青可有效促进土壤颗粒细粒化、显著改善土壤养分，但伴生种霸... 相似文献
7.
探明干旱砾漠区不同微地貌单元土壤性状、真菌群落组成特征及其变化驱动因素,对于该区土壤真菌群落构建机制的理论研究和针对性生态损伤修复策略制定的实践指导具有重要意义。本文首先对比了干旱砾漠区4种微地貌单元（风蚀残丘、砾漠戈壁、河谷和风沙地）土壤理化性质、真菌α多样性及群落组成的变化特征,再结合不同微地貌单元植物群落特性和微气象因子测定,探究了各微地貌单元影响土壤真菌群落的主要生态因子。结果表明：（1）干旱砾漠区土壤均为砂质土壤,其中风沙地砂粒含量最大且黏粒含量最小,而河谷土壤粒径组成则相反;河谷和砾漠戈壁之间土壤容重和有机质含量无显著差异但显著高于其他两种微地貌单元;河谷土壤可溶性盐含量显著低于其他微地貌单元21.4%,但土壤含水量显著高出39.3%;速效养分中除砾漠戈壁的速效氮与速效钾、风蚀残丘的速效磷含量显著较低外,其他微地貌单元速效养分并未表现出显著性差异。（2）土壤真菌α多样性中,ShannonWiener指数、Pieloue指数和Simpson指数均表现为在风沙地显著降低而其他微地貌单元差异不明显,但Chao1多样性指数没有显著差异;真菌群落组成在门水平上,不同微地貌单元都以子囊... 相似文献
8.
川西北草地沙化对土壤颗粒组成和土壤磷钾养分的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为揭示川西北若尔盖草原在草地沙化过程中土壤颗粒组成和矿质养分的变化特征,文中通过野外调查和室内分析化验,研究了川西北沙化过程中草地的土壤颗粒组成及磷、钾的变化特征。结果表明:草地沙化过程中0-100cm土层土壤结构受到了严重破坏,呈现出明显的粗化特征,土壤砂粒含量显著增加,粉粒、粘粒、土壤速效磷和速效钾含量显著减少。其中,0-20cm土层变化最为明显,极重度沙化草地土壤完全沙化,沙粒含量高达95.83%,相对未沙化草地增加了28.15%,速效磷、速效钾含量非常缺乏,分别仅为3.64mg·kg-1、24.66mg·kg-1,相对于未沙化草地分别降低了52.79%和74.29%。说明在沙化草地治理过程中,需及时补充适量的磷钾矿质养分。不同草地退化阶段研究表明,未沙化草地至中度沙化草地演变过程中,沙粒含量显著升高,粉粒、粘粒、速效磷、速效钾均有极显著降低,说明沙化草地的治理应将轻中度沙化阶段作为关键时期。 相似文献
9.
黄土丘陵沟壑区生物土壤结皮理化性质 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
为了解黄土丘陵沟壑区生物结皮发育过程中理化性质的变化,分析了不同盖度水平结皮的机械组成、养分、化学元素以及土壤因子与生物结皮盖度的相关性和结皮发育过程中土壤因子之间的相互作用。结果表明:随着结皮的发育,土壤有机质、全氮、全钾、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均呈增长趋势,pH值则相反;土壤细砂粒含量(0.25~0.05 mm)减少,粗粉粒(0.05~0.01 mm)含量增加;土壤中的化学元素含量也呈增加趋势。土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、pH值、细砂粒、粗粉粒、Ca,Mg,Na和Fe含量与生物结皮的形成发育密切相关(P0.01)。此外,各土壤因子之间存在着相关关系,特别是粗粉粒含量和pH值,与其他因子有显著的相关性。 相似文献
10.
选取位于吉林省西部的通榆县作为研究区,利用全国第二次土壤普查数据和2006年土壤采样分析数据,结合土地利用数据,研究土地利用方式及其动态变化对县域尺度表层(0~20 cm)土壤养分的影响。结果表明:近20年来通榆县土地利用格局变化显著,表层土壤全量养分显著降低,土壤有机质和速效养分则无显著变化。2006年耕地、林地和草地的土壤有机质、全氮、全钾、速效氮、速效磷含量无显著差异,全磷和速效钾含量差异性显著;除全磷、全钾和速效钾外,盐碱地土壤养分含量均显著低于耕地、林地和草地。除荒地开垦后土壤有机质含量增加,毁草、毁湿开荒以及多年放牧和耕作均造成土壤有机质含量降低;不同土地利用变化过程对土壤全量养分的影响以降低含量为主,而速效养分则以增加含量为主。 相似文献
11.
Fengqin JIA 《干旱区科学》2017,9(3):355-367
Understanding the characteristics of soil seed banks in sand dunes is crucial to stabilize the dune systems and maintain the plant populations in deserts. In this study, we conducted a survey investigation in the field and a seed germination experiment in the laboratory to explore the characteristics of soil seed banks at various geomorphic positions of longitudinal sand dunes in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China. Totally, 17 plant species belonging to 17 genera and 9 families were identified in soil seed banks, and 35 plant species belonging to 34 genera and 17 families were identified in aboveground vegetation. Plant species richness in soil seed banks decreased with increasing soil depth. The highest species richness was presented in the upper slope of the windward slope and the lowest species richness was presented in the base of the windward slope. There was no significant difference in seed density of soil seed banks among the examined seven geomorphic positions. The highest seed density occurred in the lower slope of the leeward slope while the lowest occurred in the crest. Moreover, seed density decreased with increasing soil depth, being the highest in the upper soil layer(0–2 cm). For both soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation, there was no significant difference in Simpson's diversity index among the seven geomorphic positions; however, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou's evenness index showed significant differences among the seven geomorphic positions. Those results showed that although there was no significant difference in seed density of soil seed banks among the seven geomorphic positions, the geomorphic positions significantly affected the species richness, diversity and distribution of soil seed banks. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of soil seed banks at different geomorphic positions of sand dunes is essential to vegetation restoration or reestablishment. Furthermore, the Jaccard's similarity coefficients of plant species between soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation at the seven geomorphic positions were low, suggesting that vegetation restoration or reestablishment processes should be promoted through adding seeds to surface layers. 相似文献
12.
Soil hydraulic conductivity as affected by vegetation restoration age on the Loess Plateau,China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
REN Zongping 《干旱区科学》2016,8(4):546-555
The Loess Plateau of China has experienced extensive vegetation restoration in the past several decades,which leads to great changes in soil properties such as soil bulk,porosity,and organic matter with the vegetation restoration age.And these soil properties have great effect on the soil infiltration and soil hydraulic conductivity.However,the potential changes in soil hydraulic conductivity caused by vegetation restoration age have not been well understood.This study was conducted to investigate the changes in soil hydraulic conductivity under five grasslands with different vegetation restoration ages(3,10,18,28 and 37 years)compared to a slope farmland,and further to identify the factors responsible for these changes on the Loess Plateau of China.At each site,accumulative infiltration amount and soil hydraulic conductivity were determined using a disc permeameter with a water supply pressure of –20 mm.Soil properties were measured for analyzing their potential factors influencing soil hydraulic conductivity.The results showed that the soil bulk had no significant changes over the initial 20 years of restoration(P0.05);the total porosity,capillary porosity and field capacity decreased significantly in the grass land with 28 and 37 restoration ages compared to the slope farmland;accumulative infiltration amount and soil hydraulic conductivity were significantly enhanced after 18 years of vegetation restoration.However,accumulative infiltration amount and soil hydraulic conductivity fluctuated over the initial 10 years of restoration.The increase in soil hydraulic conductivity with vegetation restoration was closely related to the changes in soil texture and structure.Soil sand and clay contents were the most influential factors on soil hydraulic conductivity,followed by bulk density,soil porosity,root density and crust thickness.The Pearson correlation coefficients indicated that the soil hydraulic conductivity was affected by multiply factors.These results are helpful to understand the changes in hydrological and erosion processes response to vegetation succession on the Loess Plateau. 相似文献
13.
Changes in soil properties and erodibility of gully heads induced by vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau,China 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Soil erosion on the Loess Plateau of China is effectively controlled due to the implementation of several ecological restoration projects that improve soil properties and reduce soil erodibility. However, few studies have examined the effects of vegetation restoration on soil properties and erodibility of gully head in the gully regions of the Loess Plateau. The objectives of this study were to quantify the effects of vegetation restoration on soil properties and erodibility in this region. Specifically, a control site in a slope cropland and 9 sites in 3 restored land-use types(5 sites in grassland, 3 in woodland and 1 in shrubland) in the Nanxiaohegou watershed of a typical gully region on the Loess Plateau were selected, and soil and root samples were collected to assess soil properties and root characteristics. Soil erodibility factor was calculated by the Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator method. Our results revealed that vegetation restoration increased soil sand content, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, organic matter content and mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregate but decreased soil silt and clay contents and soil disintegration rate. A significant difference in soil erodibility was observed among different vegetation restoration patterns or land-use types. Compared with cropland, soil erodibility decreased in the restored lands by 3.99% to 21.43%. The restoration patterns of Cleistogenes caespitosa K. and Artemisia sacrorum L. in the grassland showed the lowest soil erodibility and can be considered as the optimal vegetation restoration pattern for improving soil anti-erodibility of the gully heads. Additionally, the negative linear change in soil erodibility for grassland with restoration time was faster than those of woodland and shrubland. Soil erodibility was significantly correlated with soil particle size distribution, soil disintegration rate, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, water-stable aggregate stability, organic matter content and root characteristics(including root average diameter, root length density, root surface density and root biomass density), but it showed no association with soil bulk density and soil total porosity. These findings indicate that although vegetation destruction is a short-term process, returning the soil erodibility of cropland to the level of grassland, woodland and shrubland is a long-term process(8–50 years). 相似文献
14.
沙漠化逆转过程中土壤颗粒分形维数的变化特征——以宁夏盐池县为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过野外采样和实验室分析,利用空间变化代替时间变化的手段,研究了宁夏盐池县多年围封区沙漠化逆转过程中土壤颗粒分形维数的变化特征。结果表明:沙漠化逆转的过程是土壤颗粒向细粒化方向演变及养分富集的过程。分形维数与土壤养分和黏粉粒等细颗粒的变化趋势相同,随着沙漠化程度的减小,分形维数呈逐渐增大的趋势。它与土壤粒径分布、有机质、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾之间存在着高度的线性相关,对黏粒含量的变化最为敏感。因此,可用土壤颗粒分形维数的变化来反映该区土壤理化性状的变化特征,并将其作为衡量沙漠化逆转过程中土壤结构、肥力状况及土壤退化恢复程度的一个综合性定量指标。 相似文献
15.
Qingxue LI 《干旱区科学》2017,9(2):200-209
Large areas of Artemisia ordosica Krasch., Caragana korshinskii Kom., and Caragana intermedia Kuang and H. C. Fu plantations were established on moving sand dunes in the Gonghe Basin(northeastern Tibetan Plateau) for vegetation restoration. Elevating our understanding of the changes in soil characteristics after the establishment of different plantation types can be useful in the context of combating desertification. To assess the effects of these plantation types on the restoration of sandy land, we measured soil physical-chemical properties at four depths(0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–50 cm) in each of the three plantation types and also in non-vegetated moving sand dunes(as control sites). Generally, the establishment of A. ordosica, C. korshinskii and C. intermedia plantations on sand dunes has greatly ameliorated soil quality in the Gonghe Basin. Specifically, relative to the moving sand dunes, shrub plantation has increased the silt and clay contents, total porosity and water holding capacity, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents. The calculated soil quality index suggested that in the Gonghe Basin, C. intermedia is the best choice for soil amelioration. In all the three plantation types, soil amelioration mainly occurred in the shallow depths. 相似文献
16.
棉花连作对渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲土壤理化性质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲连作5、10、15、20 a和25 a的棉田土壤为研究对象,对棉田土壤的理化性质和酶活性进行分析。结果表明： 随着棉花连作年限的增长棉田土壤容重增大、孔隙度下降,粗砂和细沙含量增加,粘粒含
量下降,其变化连作15 a极为明显; 随着连作年限的增长盐分含量和pH值逐渐降低,有机质和碱解氮含量大幅度升高,速效磷比较稳定或略有减小,而钾的含量显著下降,致使氮、磷、钾比例失调,其增减变化连作15 a极为显著; 随着连作年限的增长脲酶、过氧化氢酶和转化酶的活性呈现先升后降的趋势,连作15 a都达到最高值,蛋白酶和磷酸酶活性也呈现先升后降的趋势,但其活性连作20 a达到最高值。 由研究结果可以得出研究区棉花连作年限不宜超过15 a,棉花连作年限超过15 a时,会导致土壤容重增大、孔隙度下降,土体紧实板结,结构性差,土壤养分含量失衡,酶活性降低,土壤质量下降等连作障碍,使得棉花产出和效益受到影响。 相似文献
17.
Interactions between vegetation dynamic and edaphic factors in the Great Salt Desert of central Iran
Hossein BASHARI Seyed Mehrdad KAZEMI Soghra POODINEH Mohammad R MOSADDEGHI Mostafa TARKESH Seyed Mehdi ADNANI 《干旱区科学》2021,13(2):123-134
Investigating the relationships between vegetation dynamic and edaphic factors provide management insights into factors affecting the growth and establishment of plant species and vegetation communities in saline areas.The aim of this study was to assess the spatial variability of various vegetation communities in relation to edaphic factors in the Great Salt Desert,central Iran.Fifteen vegetation communities were identified using the physiognomy-floristic method.Coverage and density of vegetation communities were determined using the transect plot method.Forty soil samples were collected from major horizons of fifteen profiles in vegetation communities,and analyzed in terms of following soil physical and chemical characteristics:soil texture,soluble Na+concentration,sodium adsorption ratio(SAR),electrical conductivity(EC),pH,organic matter content,soluble Mg2+and Ca2+concentrations,carbonate and gypsum contents,and spontaneously-and mechanically-dispersible clay contents.Redundancy analysis was used to investigate the relationships between vegetation dynamic and edaphic factors.The generalized linear method(GLM)was used to find the plant species response curves against edaphic factors.Results showed that plant species responded differently to edaphic factors,in which soluble sodium concentration,EC,SAR,gypsum content and soil texture were identified as the most discriminative edaphic factors.The studied plant species were also found to have different ecological requirements and tolerance to edaphic factors,in which Tamarix aphylla and Halocnemum strobilaceum were identified as the most salt-resistant species in the region.Furthermore,the presence of Artemisia sieberi was highly related to soil sand and gypsum contents.The results implied that exploring the plant species response curves against edaphic factors can assist managers to lay out more appropriate restoration plans in similar arid areas. 相似文献
18.
Robinia pseudoacacia L. (RP) restoration has increased vegetation cover in semi-arid regions on the Loess Plateau of China, but ecological problems have also occurred due to RP restoration, such as reduced soil moisture. Further, it is still uncertain how microbial diversity, composition and assembly processes change with RP restoration in semi-arid regions. Therefore, amplicon sequencing of small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes was performed to study soil bacterial and fungal diversity, composition and assembly processes at four study sites with different stand ages of RP plantations (Y10, RP plantation with stand ages less than 10 a; Y15, RP plantation with stand ages approximately 15 a; Y25, RP plantation with stand ages approximately 25 a; and Y40, RP plantation with stand ages approximately 40 a) along a 40-a chronosequence on the Loess Plateau. The diversity of soil bacteria and fungi increased significantly during the restoration period from 10 to 15 a (P<0.05). However, compared with Y15, bacterial diversity was lower at Y25 and Y40, and fungal diversity remained stable during the restoration period between 25 and 40 a. The relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Ascomycota increased during the restoration period from 10 to 15 a. Conversely, after 15 a of restoration, they both decreased, whereas the relative abundances of Actinomycetes, Acidobacteria and Basidiomycota gradually increased. The variations in soil bacterial communities were mainly related to changes in soil total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and moisture contents, while soil fungal communities were mainly shaped by soil organic carbon and nitrate nitrogen contents. Bacterial communities were structured by the heterogeneous selection and stochastic process, while fungal communities were structured primarily by the stochastic process. The RP restoration induced an increase in the relative importance of heterogeneous selection on bacterial communities. Overall, this study reveals the changes in microbial diversity, community composition and assembly processes with RP restoration on the Loess Plateau and provides a new perspective on the effects of vegetation restoration on soil microbial communities in semi-arid regions. 相似文献
19.
选择古尔班通古特沙漠的北部(一号点)、中部(二号点)、南部(三号点)3个不同样点的裸沙和藻结皮、地衣结皮与苔藓结皮3种生物结皮类型,对比研究了草本植物多样性的差异性及其主要环境影响因素。结果表明:(1)不同生物结皮类型的土壤理化性质有明显差异,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量以及黏粒、粉粒和细沙的含量随生物结皮演替显著上升,而中沙和粗沙的含量呈显著下降趋势,在沙漠不同区域呈现明显的空间异质性,二号样点中裸沙和藻结皮的养分含量和pH明显低于一号点和三号点。(2)草本植物的物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener指数随生物结皮发育呈明显上升趋势,草本植物的物种组成、群落结构在不同类型生物结皮和沙漠不同区域均具有显著差异。(3)在土壤理化特征中,有机质、速效P和全K含量,以及pH和粉粒含量是影响草本植物分布的关键因子。(4)不同类型生物结皮之间的微地形和种类组成差异、种子生物学特性以及生物结皮在不同尺度下的土壤环境异质性共同影响草本植物在生物结皮中的物种组成和丰度,最终导致草本植物群落结构在生物结皮中的演替变化。 相似文献
20.
科尔沁沙地沙漠化过程中植被与土壤退化特征的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选择科尔沁沙地沙漠化严重地区相邻地段的固定沙丘、半固定沙丘、半流动沙丘和流动沙丘为对象,对土地沙漠化过程中植物种类消长、物种多样性、生活型结构及土壤理化性质和生物活性的变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:沙漠化过程是一个物种多样性衰减的过程,沙漠化导致大多数原生性物种消失。从生活型来看,地面芽植物受沙漠化影响最大。沙漠化过程中土壤养分严重丧失,土壤微生物量C、N、P,以及土壤脲酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸单酯酶、脱氢酶和硝酸还原酶的活性均随沙漠化程度的加剧而大幅度下降。土壤生物活性对土壤沙漠化比较敏感,在固定沙丘到半固定沙丘的转化过程中土壤生物活性和物种多样性下降最快。 相似文献