首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Thirty uncemented porous-coated anatomic total hip prostheses in 24 dogs were evaluated radiographically at 6 months, 12 months, or 18 months after arthroplasty. All dogs were fully weight bearing and free of lameness at the time of follow-up. Radiographs were assessed for prosthetic component alignment, percentage of femoral canal fill, resorptive and formative bony changes, and changes at the implant bone interface. No evidence of infection, loosening, or failure of component fixation was seen. Settling of the acetabular component and subsidence of the femoral stem was seen early after surgery. Cortical atrophy was seen in all femurs and was the most significant bony remodeling change. Early results of clinical and radiographic evaluation of uncemented total hip arthroplasty in dogs have been encouraging.  相似文献   

2.
Signal changes within the bone marrow adjacent to osteoarthritic joints are commonly seen on magnetic resonance (MR) images in humans and in dogs. The histological nature of these lesions is poorly known. In this study, we describe the MR imaging of bone marrow lesions adjacent to the stifle joints of dogs with experimental osteoarthritis over 13 months. Histology of the proximal tibia at the end of the study was compared with the last MR imaging findings. In five adult dogs, the left cranial cruciate ligament was transected. Post-operatively, MR imaging was performed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 13 months. Dogs were euthanised after 13 months and histological specimen of the proximal tibia were evaluated. Bone marrow edema like MR imaging signal changes were seen in every MR examination of all dogs in one or more locations of the proximal tibia and the distal femur. Lesions varied in size and location throughout the whole study with the exception of constantly seen lesions in the epiphyseal and metaphyseal region at the level of the tibial eminence. On histology, hematopoiesis and myxomatous transformation of the bone marrow and/or intertrabecular fibrosis without signs of bone marrow edema were consistent findings in the areas corresponding to the MR imaging signal changes. We conclude that within the bone marrow, zones of increased signal intensity on fat suppressed MR images do not necessarily represent edema but can be due to cellular infiltration. Contrary to humans, hematopoiesis is seen in bone marrow edema-like lesions in this canine model of osteoarthritis.  相似文献   

3.
Plain spinal radiography was performed in 40 dachshunds at regular intervals from 6 or 12 months of age to 2 years of age. A follow-up study at 3 to 4 years of age included 12 dogs. High incidence rates of intervertebral disk calcification were seen at 6 to 18 months of age. The number of dogs affected and number of calcified disks seemed to reach a steady level or a maximum at about 24 to 27 months of age. Dissolution of previously calcified disks without clinical signs was demonstrated, causing decreasing numbers of visibly calcified disks after 2 years of age. Radiographic examination for calcified intervertebral disks in the dachshund is recommended at 24 to 30 months of age for heritability studies and selective breeding.  相似文献   

4.
Radiation pneumonitis developed within the radiation treatment field in three dogs with soft tissue sarcomas located on or adjacent to the thoracic wall. Radiographic signs compatible with a diagnosis of radiation pneumonitis developed from one (n = 2 dogs) to two (n = 1 dog) months after completion of therapy. The initial radiographic sign was an alveolar infiltrate in all three dogs. At subsequent examinations at variable time periods after treatment, radiographic findings included: bronchiectasis (n = 3 dogs), alveolar infiltrate (n = 2 dogs), decreased lung volume (n = 2 dogs), and unstructured interstitial opacification (n = 1 dog). Necropsy examination of one dog at fourteen months after the completion of radiotherapy showed evidence of pulmonary fibrosis within the irradiated lung. Necropsy examination of the second dog did not show any evidence of radiation induced changes. It is possible that histopathologic examination did not include irradiated lung. No clinical signs that could be attributed to the radiation pneumonitis were observed in any dog. It appears that approximately 25% of the lung can be safely irradiated to high doses, if indicated, in order to deliver an adequate dose of radiation to a primary tumor site.  相似文献   

5.
More than 30% (21 of 65) of German Shepherd dogs with clinical signs of cauda equina compression had radiographic and pathologic abnormalities compatible with osteochondrosis of the sacral endplate. Most of these dogs had a defect in the dorsal part of the sacral endplate and a detached bone fragment in the vertebral canal. Similar lesions were also found in growing and young adult dogs without clinical signs. The dogs with clinical signs of cauda equina compression also had severe degenerative disc disease with protrusion of the lumbosacral disc and compression of the cauda equina, suggesting that the signs of cauda equina compression more likely were related to the secondary degenerative changes (disc protrusions) rather than the primary disease. Clinically normal German Shepherds with sacral osteochondrosis usually were younger than 18 months, the dogs with cauda equina compression and sacral osteochondrosis older than 18 months (mean age 4.8 years). On the average, these dogs were two years younger as compared to dogs with cauda equina compression without sacral osteochondrosis. Male dogs are more often affected than females (5:1). There is a breed predisposition: in dogs other than German Shepherds, osteochondrosis of the sacral endplate seems to be extremely rare.  相似文献   

6.
The thoracic radiographic changes of Pneumocystis carinii in 7 miniature Dachshunds were reviewed. The dogs were 7–12 months old and presented with polypnea, exercise intolerance and clinical signs suggestive of immune-incompetence. P. carinii pneumonia was diagnosed in all the dogs using transtracheal aspirate cytology and confirmed at postmortem in 3 dogs that died. Radiographically, diffuse pulmonary changes were present and varied from a mild interstitial and bronchial pattern to an alveolar pattern. Radiographic evidence of cor pulmonale was present in 1 dog. The most severe radiographic changes were seen in 2 of the dogs that died.  相似文献   

7.
Radiographic examination of all four metatarso- and metacarpophalangeal joints was performed on 753 Standardbred yearlings. Ununited proximoplantar tuberosity of the proximal phalanx was seen in 18 (2.4%) of the horses. All ununited tuberosities were in the pelvic limb. The condition was seen laterally in 16 horses while one horse had the medial and lateral tuberosities affected and another only the medial tuberosity. Upon follow-up examination it was apparent that 12 ununited proximoplantar tuberosities in 11 horses had united to the proximal phalanx after 6–12 months. A worsening of the condition was seen in 4 horses, and one horse had unchanged radiographic findings after 7 months. Lameness had not been observed in any horse prior to the first examination.  相似文献   

8.
Jane M.  Turrel  DVM  MS  Roy R.  Pool  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1982,23(6):243-249
Skeletal radiographs of four dogs with confirmed visceral leishmaniasis were reviewed. The dogs had lived in the Mediterranean area for six to 36 months prior to returning to the United States, where they lived for an additional six to 41 months before clinical signs appeared. Clinical findings included lameness, fever, cutaneous lesions, muscle atrophy, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and weight loss. The dogs exhibited two distinct radiographic patterns. Periosteal proliferation and increased intramedullary radiopacity of long and flat bones occurred in two dogs. Osteolysis of bones of the carpus, tarsus, and stifle was noted in two dogs. Differences in radiographic appearance were presumed to be due to different hematogenous routes of infection. Leishmaniasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dogs that have traveled in endemic areas and exhibit the described radiographic changes.  相似文献   

9.
A recently described metaphyseal irregularity of the radius and ulna was diagnosed radiographically in a significant proportion of Newfoundland dogs during the course of a large study. This case report describes the pathological picture of a Newfoundland dog with these radiographic changes. The lesions in the distal radius and ulna were characterized by focal, longitudinal striations of sclerosis of the bone marrow cavity, surrounding thin trabeculae of primary spongiosa of the distal metaphysis. It is suggested that these lesions represent a sclerosing dysplasia not previously described in dogs, but with some similarities to the human disorder, osteopathia striata.  相似文献   

10.
  相似文献   

11.
The main objective of this study was to study risk factors affecting metaphyseal irregularities (MI) in the distal radius and ulna of growing Newfoundland dogs. Risk factors studied included the genetic effects, effects of litters, BW, circumferences of the distal radius and ulna (CDRU), and total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations. The study included 118 Newfoundland dogs (60 females, 58 males), derived from 32 litters. Body weight, separated on sex and MI, was fitted to the Gompertz function. Occurrence of MI differed significantly between sexes, with 55% of males and 35% of females affected (P = 0.03). Growth curves for the 2 groups of dogs, with and without MI, diverged after 60 to 70 d, and dogs with irregularities were heavier at maturity than dogs of the same sex without irregularities. In univariate analysis, the litter effect was a significant predictor of MI, explaining 32% of total variability of the MI incidence, but the genetic effects were not significant. However, the latter were significant in bivariate analysis of MI and BW. In the bivariate analysis, the effects of litter on MI and BW were significantly correlated at all observational points except at birth, 180 d, and 536 d. Total ALP concentrations decreased with increasing age, and differences between groups diminished with increasing age, indicating a negative effect of total ALP on MI. Correlation between MI and total ALP concentrations of litters was estimated in a bivariate analysis. This correlation was significant and ranged between -0.34 and -0.62. Similarly, the genetic relationship between total ALP and MI from 120 d of age onward varied between -0.31 to -0.60. However, correlations were only significant at 356 d of age (genetic correlation = 0.60; P = 0.01). The mean CDRU increased from 90 d of age toward a peak at 180 d. Thereafter, CDRU declined and stabilized at about 1 yr of age. The mean CDRU between the groups of dogs with and without MI diverged most at 90 d of age, then was nearly stable until 180 d and gradually declined until 356 d, when the CDRU began to equalize. Metaphyseal irregularities and CDRU levels of litter were significantly correlated. Litter effect was a significant predictor of MI. The effects of litters and the genetic effects on BW and MI were correlated at most phases of the growth of the dog. Similar, but lower, correlations were found for CDRU and MI, and total ALP and MI.  相似文献   

12.
Static locked nailing was used to repair fractures of the femoral diaphysis in 15 dogs. The implant consists of a 5, 6, or 7 mm diameter stainless steel rod made up of two parts: the body of the nail, in which there are 13 threaded holes, and a piece without holes that contains a slot for anchoring the jig. Good limb function was obtained after less than 3 weeks in 12 dogs and these dogs remained sound throughout the study. Radiographic examination revealed fracture healing in 11 of the dogs, between 8 and 16 weeks after surgery. One dog was not returned for follow-up evaluation until 22 weeks after surgery; complete healing was apparent from radiographic examination. The remaining three dogs had to have additional operations, one because of lameness caused by excessive length of the distal screws, one because of a nonunion, and the third because of a sequestrum. Fracture healing in these dogs was observed at 18, 21, and 24 weeks respectively. Loosening of one screw and angulation of the bone occurred in one dog. These complications had no adverse effects on clinical outcome.  相似文献   

13.
Chronic Nasal Disease in the Dog: Its Radiographic Diagnosis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The radiographic signs of 40 dogs with chronic nasal disease were tabulated and compared with the definitive diagnoses. Erosion of the vomer bone and/or an external mass were present in 16 of 18 dogs that had nasal tumors. Areas of radiolucency in the nasal cavity were present in 8 of 15 dogs that had nasal fungal disease. Radiographic examination did not provide a highly reliable diagnosis for all dogs with chronic nasal disease.  相似文献   

14.
Thoracic radiography is an important diagnostic tool for feline respiratory medicine. The aim of this study was (1) to assess age-related changes of thoracic radiographic views in healthy young cats and (2) to test if experimentally-induced bronchial inflammation by inhaling Ascaris suum (AS) allergens leads to radiographic changes after single or repeated exposures. Healthy cats (n=15-30) aged between 6 and 30 months were evaluated. Eight healthy cats and eight AS-sensitised cats, respectively, inhaled sterile saline or allergen. Radiographs were taken 24h before, and 6, 24 and 48 h after the challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed after the last radiographic examination. AS-sensitised cats underwent three further allergen challenges at 3-month intervals. The radiographic evaluation was based on a scoring system considering bronchial, interstitial and alveolar patterns. A significant age-related increase in interstitial and total radiographic score was detected in healthy cats older than 18 months and in healthy cats older than 24 months. Whilst saline inhalation did not affect radiographic scores, a single AS challenge induced significant changes of all scores within 6-24h. A significant positive correlation between radiographic scores and BAL neutrophils and eosinophils was found. Repeated AS challenges did not induce irreversible changes in radiographic scores.  相似文献   

15.
Objectives— To compare short‐ and long‐term functional and radiographic outcome of cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) injury in dogs treated with postoperative physical rehabilitation and either tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) or lateral fabellar suture stabilization (LFS). Study Design— Prospective observational clinical study. Animals— Medium to large breed dogs with naturally occurring CrCL injury (n=65). Methods— Dogs with CrCL injury were treated with either TPLO or LFS and with identical physical rehabilitation regimes postoperatively. Limb peak vertical force (PVF) was measured preoperatively and at 3, 5, and 7 weeks, and 6 months and 24 months postoperatively. Stifles were radiographically assessed for osteoarthrosis (OA) preoperatively and 24 months postoperatively. Results— Thirty‐five dogs had LFS and 30 dogs had TPLO. Radiographic OA scores were significantly increased at 24 months compared with preoperative scores in all dogs. Radiographic OA scores preoperatively and at 24 months were not significantly different between treatment groups. PVF was significantly increased from preoperative to 24 months among both treatment groups but not significantly different between treatment groups preoperatively or at 3, 5, 7 weeks, 6, or 24 months. Conclusion— No significant difference in outcome as determined by ground reaction forces or radiographic OA scores were found between dogs with CrCL injury treated with LFS or TPLO. Clinical Relevance— LFS and TPLO remain good options for stabilizing stifles with CrCL injury with all dogs showing significant functional improvement. This study does not support the superiority of either surgical technique.  相似文献   

16.
In two litters from the same parents, three out of four males had an abnormally short leg and body length. Affected dogs showed signs of pain when moving, which could be eliminated by analgesia. On radiography, these animals had widened, radiolucent, irregularly bordered intervertebral disc spaces. When examined at seven months of age, the epiphyses appeared widened and irregular in shape and outline. General bone opacity in the vertebral column was lower in the affected male dogs than in the normal littermate. The affected dogs developed spondylosis and arthrosis of the larger limb joints. All affected dogs were euthanased on humane grounds, the eldest at the age of two years nine months. Based on the clinical and radiographic evidence, the condition seen in the male dogs described here resembles X-linked spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia tarda caused by a collagenopathy due to malformation of COL2A1 as seen in human beings.  相似文献   

17.
Objective evaluation of patellar ligament changes following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) for cranial cruciate ligament injury has not been published to date. In this study, the patellar ligament was evaluated using radiographs and high-resolution ultrasound in 31 stifles (29 dogs) preoperatively and at 1 month (n=31), 2 months (n=18), and 6 months (n=13) postTPLO. A ratio of the thickness of the proximal to distal patellar ligament was determined for all radiographs evaluated. Ultrasound evaluation included proximal, middle, and distal mid-sagittal thickness and transverse thickness, and transverse area measurements. Subjective grading (0 being normal through a scale of 3) of the ultrasound changes was also performed at each evaluation. Significant thickening of the distal patellar ligament was noted postoperatively as evidenced by thickness and area measurements and a decreased radiographic ratio (P < 0.01). Preoperative patellar ligament thickness and area were similar at the proximal, middle and distal sites. Ultrasound-derived thickness and area measurements of the distal patellar ligament were increased at 1 and 2 months (P < 0.01). The radiographic ratio was significantly decreased at 1, 2 and 6 months (P < 0.01). Subjectively, all patellar ligaments scored a 0 preoperatively and 16/31 received a score of 2 or 3 during follow-up evaluation. Additionally, these dogs had ultrasonographic and radiographic changes consistent with distal patellar ligament thickening. Body weight (kg) and postoperative TPLO angle had a significant influence on 1-month postoperative distal patellar ligament area using a stepwise logistic model (P < 0.05). Patellar ligament desmitis is a common postoperative sequela to the TPLO procedure, however its clinical significance (i.e., correlation with a residual lameness) was not evaluated in this study.  相似文献   

18.
Supraspinatus and biceps brachii tendinopathy in dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Calcifying tendinopathy was seen on radiographic views of the scapulohumeral joint in 12 of 183 (7 per cent) dogs reviewed retrospectively. Calcifying tendinopathy was identified only in large breed dogs, five being labradors. All the affected dogs, except one, were presented for unilateral thoracic limb lameness, which was typically of a chronic and intermittent pattern. Pain on manipulation of the scapulohumeral joint in the lame leg was present in eight of 12 dogs (67 per cent). Calcification of the supraspinatus tendon was seen in eight dogs and calcification of the biceps brachii tendon was seen in the other four dogs. Radiographic changes indicative of biceps brachii tendon avulsion were found in conjunction with calcification of the contralateral biceps brachii tendon in two dogs. Filling defects, indicative of bicipital tenosynovitis, were also seen in positive contrast arthrograms of two dogs with biceps brachii calcification. Of the eight dogs for which radiographic views of both scapulohumeral joints were available, six dogs had bilateral radiographic signs of calcifying tendinopathy. Overall, radiographic signs of calcifying tendinopathy were seen in 18 scapulohumeral joints, but lameness was apparent in only nine limbs, suggesting the lesion may at times be asymptomatic. Further prospective investigation of calcifying tendinopathy is needed to determine why lameness does not always appear to be associated with the presence of the lesion.  相似文献   

19.
Delayed ossification of the femoral head in dogs with hip dysplasia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
In humans, delayed ossification of the caput femoris is often seen associated with hip dysplasia in babies. This phenomenon may possibly exist in dogs. In this study, the radiographic appearance of the caput femoris of 13 German shepherd dogs was examined. The dogs underwent pelvic radiography at the age of 14 to 15 days, six weeks, and 12 months. A significant relationship was shown between hip dysplasia and the late appearance of the epiphysis of the caput femoris (P=0–02). At the age of 14 to 15 days it was not possible to see both epiphyses in 54 per cent of the dogs. All of these dogs had hip dysplasia when they were 12 months old. This was in contrast to the six dogs which had both epiphyses visible when they were 14 to 15 days old. At 12 months of age, four of these dogs (67 per cent) did not show any sign of hip dysplasia.  相似文献   

20.
SONOGRAPHIC RENAL FINDINGS IN 20 DOGS WITH LEPTOSPIROSIS   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Abdominal ultrasound examinations of 20 dogs with confirmed leptospirosis were reviewed retrospectively for renal abnormalities. Three dogs had a normal ultrasound examination. The remaining 17 dogs had sonographic abnormalities of the kidneys. These abnormalities, seen either alone or in combination, included renalmegaly (n=10), pyelectasia (n=9), increased cortical echogenicity (n=15), perinephric effusion (n=5), and a medullary band of increased echogenicity (n=6). At our institution, the medullary band of increased echogencity has only been seen in dogs with leptospirosis and may therefore be a specific sonographic sign for this disease.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号