共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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《动物医学进展》2016,(4)
旋毛虫自发现以来,已有180年的历史,研究人员通过对亚洲和欧洲的共110个旋毛虫地理隔离株碱基进行分析发现,欧洲地理隔离株比亚洲地理隔离株的一致性更高,并且发现不同旋毛虫对动物的感染具有一定的异嗜性。随着Trichinella patagoniousis的发现,使得旋毛虫种属已扩大到了9个种和3个分类地位尚不明确的基因型,又进一步扩充了旋毛虫的数据库。不同种旋毛虫宿主和分布范围在不断扩大,已经涉及到55个国家及150多种哺乳动物、鸟类和爬行动物感染旋毛虫,诸多因素均表明,旋毛虫严重威胁着人类健康。明确旋毛虫的种类、宿主及其地理分布对旋毛虫病的防控具有重要意义。 相似文献
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克隆了5个不同旋毛虫隔离种的线粒体LS-rRNA基因片段,序列分析结果表明,犬旋毛虫黑龙江隔离种与本地毛形线虫(Trichinellanativa,T2)的进化关系较近,猪旋毛虫黑龙江隔离种和猪旋毛虫美国隔离种与旋毛形线虫(Trichinellaspiralis,T1)的进化关系较近。结果与传统的分类结果基本一致,为传统的分类学方法提供了理论基础。同时,该基因在不同隔离种间较强的保守性为通用型基因诊断方法提供了良好的检测靶序列。 相似文献
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旋毛虫各隔离种ITSⅡ区基因克隆和序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
克隆了6个不同旋毛虫隔离种的核糖体RNAITSⅡ区的基因片段，序列分析结果表明，黑龙江省猪旋毛虫和猫旋毛虫为旋毛形线虫（Trichinella spiralis）；犬旋毛虫为本地毛形线虫（Trichinella nativa）。结果与传统的分类结果基本一致，为传统的分类学方法提供了基础依据。 相似文献
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旋毛虫p53糖蛋白是旋毛虫肌幼虫排泄分泌抗原的主要抗原组分之一,具有肌幼虫期特异表达特性,主要定位在肌幼虫β-杆细胞.不同旋毛虫种p53糖蛋白氨基酸序列相对保守,但抗原性有差异,在同一种内变异极少,具有种及属特异性抗原表位.论文就旋毛虫p53糖蛋白抗原的分子结构、不同发育时期的特异性表达、抗原性等方面的研究进展进行综述... 相似文献
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旋毛虫病是由毛形科、毛形属的旋毛虫寄生于人、猪、犬、猫等多种动物而引起的一种人兽共患寄生虫病。该病呈世界性分布,在我国大陆15个省、自治区、直辖市均有不同程度的分布,造成了严重的公共卫生问题。笔者根据工作经验和有关资料,就宰前和宰后旋毛虫检疫的方法总结如下。1宰前检疫 相似文献
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胡国元 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2007,(6):72-73
旋毛虫病是由旋毛虫引起的人畜共患的世界流行性寄生虫病。约有100多种动物可感染旋毛虫病,家畜中以猪和犬常见。目前已在我省12个县(市)发现有猪旋毛虫病,不同地区猪旋毛虫的感染率差异较大,现将有关文献综述如下: 相似文献
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以518头母猪（含杜洛克、长白、大白）为研究对象,以FSHβ基因为候选基因,采用PCR产物直接电泳法检测FSHβ基因位点的多态性。检出3种基因型,分剐为AA、AB、BB基因型。将基因座不同基因型与总产仔数和产活仔数进行关联分析,结果表明．FSHβ基因在杜洛克、长白猪、大白猪中主要以胎基因型形式存在,曰基因频率分别为96．67％、73．36％和86．01％．但对产仔数影响不显著（P〉0．05）。不同基因型的猪头胎产仔数差异不显著（P〉0．05）,不同基因型对总产仔数的影响差异不显著（P〉0．05）。总体而言,FSHβ基因在该位点的多态性与这3个猪种的头胎产仔数、总产仔数均无显著联系。 相似文献
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Host diversity and biological characteristics of the Trichinella genotypes and their effect on transmission 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
Kapel CM 《Veterinary parasitology》2000,93(3-4):263-278
The host spectra and biological diversity of the Trichinella genotypes are reviewed. While all genotypes appear to reproduce equally well in carnivore hosts, their infectivity and persistence in omnivores and herbivores show remarkable differences. Most of the genotypes found in wildlife have low infectivity for pigs and some persist only for a few weeks; in herbivores this tendency is even more profound, but malnourished, environmentally stressed, or otherwise immuno-suppressed hosts are likely to be more susceptible to Trichinella genotypes that would otherwise cause no, or only low level infection in that particular host species. In the domestic habitat (e.g. domestic pig farms), Trichinella spiralis is found almost exclusively, but in the sylvatic habitat the other Trichinella genotypes have found individual ecological niches. Thus, when environmental stress is limited in the domestic habitat, the high reproductive capacity of T. spiralis has a selective advantage, but in nature, the tolerance of other (sylvatic) genotypes to high and low temperatures and decomposition of host tissue might be more important. Parasite distribution according to muscle appear to be independent of the genotype of Trichinella and predilection sites are primarily determined by host species and secondarily by the age and level of infection. The biological diversity of the Trichinella genotypes should definitely be considered when planning experimental studies, as the uniform high infectivity of all genotypes in carnivores probably make them more suited for comparative studies than rodents. 相似文献
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Presence of human Giardia in domestic,farm and wild animals,and environmental samples suggests a zoonotic potential for giardiasis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
van Keulen H Macechko PT Wade S Schaaf S Wallis PM Erlandsen SL 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,108(2):97-107
Giardia lamblia which parasitize humans belong to either of two genotypes, A or B, based on specific signature sequences in the 5' end of the small subunit (16S) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. These two genotypes also were found in cysts from fecal samples of animal origin such as dogs, cats, some farm animals and wild animals. In addition, trophozoites recovered from cysts obtained from environmental samples belonged to these two genotypes as well, suggesting that the G. lamblia genotypes A and B are widespread and possibly zoonotic. Trophozoites were recovered from rats and these isolates might belong to another genotype of G. lamblia. Deer mice and one dog appeared to be parasitized by genotypes of Giardia with close affinity to G. microti. This species, therefore, also consists of a genotype complex. 相似文献
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Piessens V De Vliegher S Verbist B Braem G Van Nuffel A De Vuyst L Heyndrickx M Van Coillie E 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,155(1):62-71
Although many studies report coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) as the predominant cause of subclinical bovine mastitis, their epidemiology is poorly understood. In the current study, the genetic diversity within four CNS species frequently associated with bovine intramammary infections, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, S. simulans, S. chromogenes, and S. epidermidis, was determined. For epidemiological purposes, CNS genotypes recovered from bovine milk collected on six Flemish dairy farms were compared with those from the farm environment, and their distribution within the farms was investigated. Genetic diversity was assessed by two molecular typing techniques, amplification fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Subtyping revealed the highest genetic heterogeneity among S. haemolyticus isolates. A large variety of genotypes was found among environmental isolates, of which several could be linked with intramammary infection, indicating that the environment could act as a potential source for infection. For S. simulans, various genotypes were found in the environment, but a link with IMI was less obvious. For S. epidermidis and S. chromogenes, genetic heterogeneity was limited and the sporadic isolates from environment displayed largely the same genotypes as those from milk. The higher clonality of the S. epidermidis and S. chromogenes isolates from milk suggests that specific genotypes probably disseminate within herds and are more udder-adapted. Environmental sources and cow-to-cow transmission both seem to be involved in the epidemiology of CNS, although their relative importance might substantially vary between species. 相似文献
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Identification of genotypes of Cryptosporidium parvum isolates from a patient and a dog in Japan 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Abe N Kimata I Iseki M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(2):165-168
Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) is recognized as a significant pathogen in humans and animals, primarily as a cause of diarrheal illness. Recent genetic and biological studies indicate that C. parvum is not a single species but composed of genetically distinct multiple genotypes. Thus, it is valuable to distinguish between genotypes in the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium infection in humans and animals. Although C. parvum has been detected in humans and animals in Japan, the genotype of isolates remains unclear because identification has been performed only by conventional microscopy. We report herein the genotypes of C. parvum isolates distinguished by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic method. C. parvum isolates, originally obtained from a patient and a pet dog, were found to have cattle and dog genotypes, respectively. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic analysis of encapsulated and non-encapsulated Trichinella species by studying the 5S rDNA tandemly repeated intergenic region 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The identification of sequence regions in the genomes of pathogens which can be useful to distinguish among species and genotypes, is of great importance for epidemiological, molecular, and phylogenetic studies. The 5S ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer region has been identified as a good target to distinguish among eight Trichinella species and genotypes. The recent discovery of two non-encapsulated species in this genus, Trichinella papuae and Trichinella zimbabwensis, which can infect both mammals and reptiles, has suggested analyzing their 5S rDNA. Amplification of the tandem repeats of the 5S rDNA intergenic region of encapsulated species of Trichinella shows a 751bp fragment, whereas the three non-encapsulated species show a fragment of 800bp with T. pseudospiralis showing an additional fragment of 522bp. Although the size of the 800bp PCR fragments of T. papuae and T. zimbabwensis are similar to that of T. pseudospiralis, there are differences in the 5S rDNA intergenic regions among the three non-encapsulated species. Phylogenetic analysis of the 5S rDNA intergenic regions shows a clustering together of the three non-encapsulated Trichinella species that is well separated from the encapsulated ones. In addition, a single PCR-based method allows distinguishing non-encapsulated and encapsulated species. 相似文献
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Only a few studies have compared the muscle distribution of the different Trichinella genotypes. In this study, data were obtained from a series of experimental infections in pigs, wild boars, foxes and horses, with the aim of evaluating the predilection sites of nine well-defined genotypes of Trichinella. Necropsy was performed at 5, 10, 20 and 40 weeks post inoculation. From all host species, corresponding muscles/muscle groups were examined by artificial digestion. In foxes where all Trichinella species established in high numbers, the encapsulating species were found primarily in the tongue, extremities and diaphragm, whereas the non-encapsulating species were found primarily in the diaphragm. In pigs and wild boars, only Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella pseudospiralis and Trichinella nelsoni showed extended persistency of muscle larvae (ML), but for all genotypes the tongue and the diaphragm were found to be predilection sites. This tendency was most obvious in light infections. In the horses, T. spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and T. pseudospiralis all established at high levels with predilection sites in the tongue, the masseter and the diaphragm. For all host species, high ML burdens appeared to be more evenly distributed with less obvious predilection than in light infections; predilection site muscles harbored a relatively higher percent of the larval burden in light infections than in heavy infections. This probably reflects increasing occupation of available muscle fibers as larger numbers of worms accumulate. Predilection sites appear to be influenced primarily by host species and secondarily by the age and level of infection. 相似文献
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Devloo R Martel A Hellebuyck T Vranckx K Haesebrouck F Pasmans F 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,150(3-4):297-301
Devriesea agamarum causes dermatitis and septicaemia in a variety of lizards, notably those belonging to the genus Uromastyx, whereas other species such as bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) seem to be asymptomatic carriers. Using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), the relatedness between 69 D. agamarum isolates was examined. The isolates derived from 44 diseased lizards, of which 31 belonged to the genus Uromastyx, and from 25 healthy lizards, of which 21 were bearded dragons. Eight AFLP genotypes were obtained, four of which comprised 93% of the isolates. These four genotypes were each present in 2, 2, 8 and 13 different captive colonies. Up to three genotypes were isolated from a single infected colony simultaneously. On two occasions, the same genotype was found in healthy bearded dragons and diseased Uromastyx lizards from the same colony, confirming the role of the former as an asymptomatic source of infection for the latter. Two genotypes, comprising 12 isolates, were exclusively associated with diseased Uromastyx lizards, suggesting strain dependent host adaptation. Finally, D. agamarum was shown to be able to persist for at least seven years in a lizard colony, persistently causing severe disease in several lizard species. 相似文献
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A preliminary survey of Chlamydia psittaci genotypes from native and introduced birds in New Zealand
AIM: To describe the Chlamydia psittaci genotypes in samples from native and introduced birds from New Zealand by analysis of the sequence variation of the ompA gene.METHODS: DNA was extracted from samples collected from a non-random sample of birds; either swabs from live asymptomatic birds or birds with clinical signs, or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from historical post-mortem cases. The presence of C. psittaci in all samples had been confirmed using a quantitative PCR assay. The C. psittaci ompA gene was amplified and sequenced from samples from 26 native and introduced infected birds comprising 12 different species. These sequences were compared to published available C. psittaci genotypes.RESULTS: Genotypes A and C of C. psittaci were identified in the samples. Genotype A was identified in samples from nine birds, including various native and introduced species. Genotype C was identified in samples from 16 different waterfowl species, and a mixed infection of both genotypes was found in a kaka (Nestor meridionalis). In native birds, C. psittaci infection was confirmed in seven new host species.CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Two genotypes (A and C) of C. psittaci were found in samples from a wider range of both native and introduced species of birds in New Zealand than previously reported. Both genotypes have been globally associated with significant disease in birds and humans. These initial results suggest the host range of C. psittaci in New Zealand birds is under-reported. However, the prevalence of C. psittaci infection in New Zealand, and the associated impact on avian and public health, remains to be determined. There are biosecurity implications associated with the importation of birds to New Zealand if there is a limited diversity of C. psittaci genotypes present. 相似文献