首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The vascular patterns to pelvic limb muscles were studied in 6 dogs (12 limbs) to identify muscles most suitable for transposition in the treatment of large wounds. Gross dissection of injected specimens and angiography were used to identify the vascular pedicles. The vascular pedicles to several muscles were generally consistent, and any variations would not interfere with most muscle transfers. The cranial part of the sartorius, gracillis, semitendinosus, and rectus femoris muscles were identified as suitable candidates for transfer. The caudal part of the sartorius, cranial tibial, and long digital extensor muscles have segmentalized vascular patterns that would limit its arc of rotation.  相似文献   

2.
Five dogs with pressure ulcers over the greater trochanter were treated by debridement and transposition of the cranial part of the sartorius or the rectus femoris muscle. Both muscles had vascular anatomy that allowed transposition based on a major vascular pedicle. All wounds healed promptly by primary intention and no ulcer recurred. The cranial sartorius flap technique was easier to perform than the rectus femoris technique.  相似文献   

3.
本研究以2个骨骼肌表型差异明显的特克塞尔和乌珠穆沁绵羊为试验对象,研究DLK1和MSTN基因在不同妊娠阶段胎儿不同部位骨骼肌中表达的调控机制及早期肌肉发育规律。在绵羊妊娠第85、100、120和135天时,对胎儿的半腱肌、半膜肌、背最长肌、股四头肌和股二头肌肌肉质量进行方差分析以及对DLK1和MSTN基因在5种骨骼肌中的表达量进行研究。结果表明,妊娠85天时特克塞尔羊的半膜肌、背最长肌、股四头肌和股二头肌质量显著或极显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)高于乌珠穆沁羊;妊娠100天时,5种骨骼肌组织生长发育在品种间的差异达到最大(P<0.05或P<0.01)。实时荧光定量分析表明,随着胎儿日龄的增加,DLK1基因在半腱肌、半膜肌、背最长肌、股四头肌和股二头肌骨骼肌中的表达量有增加的趋势,同时在特克塞尔羊中的表达量高于乌珠穆沁绵羊。在妊娠120天的半腱肌和半膜肌、妊娠100和135天的背最长肌、妊娠85天股四头肌和妊娠135天的股二头肌中DLK1表达量在2个品种间差异显著(P<0.05)。MSTN的表达量在特克塞尔羊中高于乌珠穆沁羊,但整体较低。妊娠135天时背最长肌和股四头肌中MSTN基因的表达量在2个品种间差异显著(P<0.05)。结果显示,DLK1和MSTN基因在不同日龄不同肌肉组织中的差异表达可能与肌肉早期发育有关。  相似文献   

4.
In 21 animals, chronic swelling on the lateral aspect of the stifle also known as ?perigonitis?, ?stable-syndrome? or ?bursitis bicipitalis femoris? were evaluated. Ultrasonography showed increased fluid in the distal subtendinous bursa of the biceps femoris muscle and structural changes in the tendons, muscles, subcutis and fasciae. Soft tissue swelling and an irregular contour of the lateral tibial condyle were typical signs on radiographs. Macroscopic changes were found at the insertion of the biceps femoris muscle, the distal subtendinous bursa of the biceps femoris muscle, the lateral collateral ligament of the stifle, the origin of muscles on the lateral femoral condyle and the lateral tibial condyle. They mainly consisted of tendon and muscle tissue necrosis with granulation tissue. Histology revealed areas of coagulation necrosis in tendons and ligaments, in which occasionally Onchocerca spp. were seen. The severity of lesions correlated well with the clinical signs, which were associated with a poor prognosis in advanced cases.  相似文献   

5.
Crossbred steers (n = 30) were used to explore and compare tenderness improvements in beef round and sirloin muscles resulting from various methods of prerigor skeletal separations. Animals were slaughtered according to industry procedures, and at 60 min postmortem one of six treatments was applied to each side: A) control, B) saw pelvis at the sirloin-round junction, C) separate the pelvic-femur joint, D) saw femur at mid-point, E) combination of B and C, and F) combination of B and D. After 48 h, the following muscles were excised from each side: semimembranosus, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and adductor from the round; vastus lateralis and rectus femoris from the knuckle; and gluteus medius, biceps femoris and psoas major from the sirloin. Following a 10-d aging period, samples were removed from each muscle to determine the effect of treatment on sarcomere length and Warner-Bratzler shear force. Most skeletal separation treatments resulted in longer sarcomeres than controls for semimembranosus, adductor, semitendinosus, and gluteus medius muscles. All skeletal separation treatments yielded shorter sarcomeres for the psoas major as compared with controls. Warner-Bratzler shear force differed among treatments for rectus femoris, semitendinosus, and psoas major. For rectus femoris, treatments C, D, E, and F resulted in lower (P < 0.05) shear values than for controls. Treatments B, D, and F increased shear force of the semitendinosus relative to controls (P < 0.05) within muscle. Treatment F resulted in higher shear force values for the PM than controls (P < 0.05). Correlations between sarcomere length and shear force were found to be low and quite variable among muscles. In general, treatments increased sarcomere length of several muscles from the sirloin/round region, but had mixed effects on shear force values.  相似文献   

6.
A split-plot design was used to study effects of male status (bull vs steer), zeranol implants, breed types (Angus vs Limousin) and electrical stimulation on palatability traits of five major muscles when all animals were fed to a similar fat-thickness endpoint. Warner-Bratzler shear (WBS) determinations and taste-panel evaluations were performed on the longissimus, adductor, semimembranosus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris muscles removed 24 h postmortem. Breed was the most consistent main effect difference, with Angus cattle having lower WBS values than Limousin for the longissimus and semitendinosus muscles. Angus cattle also were favored in many sensory traits. Few significant differences were noted between bulls and steers in taste-panel traits. Differences due to electrical stimulation were most evident in the longissimus muscle, with higher panel-evaluation scores, an enhancement of marbling and lean color and a lower incidence of heat ring. The implant tended to have negative effects on palatability in this trial. An overall ranking of the five muscles based on WBS from most tender to least tender was: adductor, semimembranosus, longissimus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris. Correlations of palatability traits of one muscle to other muscles within an experimental unit were found to be low.  相似文献   

7.
Thirty-eight muscles of the beef chuck and round were histochemically stained to characterize fiber-type composition in order to facilitate optimal muscle use in value-added products. Select-grade chucks and rounds (n = 4 each) were chosen to represent two carcass weight classes (250 to 295 kg and 363 to 410 kg) and two yield grades (1 and 3). Muscles were sectioned and stained with a procedure that included a succinate dehydrogenase and an adenosine triphosphatase staining technique. Number and diameter of beta-red, alpha-red, and alpha-white muscle fibers were used to determine muscle fiber percentage, muscle fiber area, and percent area in each muscle. Weight did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect these muscle fiber-type characteristics, probably because of limited sample numbers. Muscles containing greater than 40% beta-red fibers were classified as red; greater than 40% alpha-white fibers were classified as white. All other muscles were classified as intermediate. Nine of 12 round muscles were white, including semitendinosus, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, adductor, and semimembranosus. The chuck muscles were red (10 of 26), intermediate (9 of 26), and white (7 of 26). These data indicate variable fiber-type composition of most of the muscles of the beef chuck and round. Functional and biochemical traits of each muscle fiber class would be expected to create different processing characteristics, which would influence optimal muscle use in value-added products.  相似文献   

8.
Protein profiles of whole homogenates of anconeus (slow twitch) and biceps femoris (fast twitch) muscles of clinically normal dogs and of Labrador Retrievers with hereditary myopathy (HM) were resolved on flat bed polyacrylamide isoelectric-focusing gels. Three methods of sample solubilization were performed. The solubilization buffer, with high concentrations of urea, precipitated the zwitterionic detergent, but use of the buffer containing 3% NP-40, 9.2M urea, and 0.1M arginine resulted in better resolution and stability of pH gradient. Gels of anconeus muscle from clinically normal dogs contained 2 protein bands specific to anconeus muscle, whereas gels of biceps femoris muscle from clinically normal dogs contained 3 protein bands amplified in biceps femoris muscle that were barely detectable in anconeus muscle. The staining intensity of protein bands in biceps femoris muscles from Labrador Retrievers with HM was decreased, relative to controls. The quantitative analysis of peak height ratios of biceps femoris muscle revealed significant (P less than 0.05) differences between profiles of clinically normal dogs and Labrador Retrievers with HM.  相似文献   

9.
The calpain system in three muscles of normal and callipyge sheep   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  
Activities of mu- and m-calpain and of calpastatin were measured at four different times during postmortem storage (0, 1, 3, and 10 d) in three muscles from either callipyge or noncallipyge (normal) sheep. The weights of two muscles, the biceps femoris and the longissimus, are greater in the callipyge phenotype, whereas the weight of the infraspinatus is not affected. The activity of m-calpain was greater (P < 0.05) in the biceps femoris and longissimus from callipyge than in those from normal sheep, but it was the same in the infraspinatus in the two phenotypes. The extractable activity of m-calpain did not change (biceps femoris and infraspinatus) or decreased slightly (longissimus) during postmortem storage. Extractable activity of mu-calpain decreased to zero or nearly zero after 10 d postmortem in all muscles from both groups of sheep. The rate of decrease in mu-calpain activity was the same in muscles from the callipyge and normal sheep. At all time points during postmortem storage, calpastatin activity was greater (P < 0.05) in the biceps femoris and longissimus from the callipyge than from the normal sheep, but it was the same in the infraspinatus from callipyge and normal sheep. Calpastatin activity decreased (P < 0.05) in all three muscles from both phenotypes during postmortem storage; the rate of this decrease in the callipyge biceps femoris and longissimus and in the infraspinatus from both the callipyge and normal sheep was slow, especially after the first 24 h postmortem, whereas calpastatin activity in the biceps femoris and longissimus from the normal sheep decreased rapidly. During postmortem storage, the 125-kDa calpastatin polypeptide was degraded, but the 80-kDa subunit of mu-calpain was cleaved only to 76- and 78-kDa polypeptides even though extractable mu-calpain activity declined nearly to zero. Approximately 50 to 60% of total mu-calpain became associated with the nonextractable pellet after 1 d postmortem. The myofibril fragmentation index for the biceps femoris and longissimus from normal sheep increased significantly during postmortem storage. The fragmentation index for the infraspinatus from the callipyge and normal sheep increased to an intermediate extent, whereas the index for the biceps femoris and longissimus from the callipyge did not change during 10-d postmortem storage. The results suggest that postmortem tenderization is related to the rate of calpastatin degradation in postmortem muscle and that calpastatin inhibition of the calpains in postmortem muscle is modulated in some as yet unknown manner.  相似文献   

10.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the electrical impulse duration thresholds (chronaxy) for maximal motor contraction of various muscles without stimulation of pain fibers in dogs. ANIMALS: 10 healthy adult Beagles. PROCEDURES: The dogs were used to assess the minimal intensity (rheobase) required to elicit motor contraction of 11 muscles (5 in the forelimb [supraspinatus, infraspinatus, deltoideus, lateral head of the triceps brachii, and extensor carpi radialis], 5 in the hind limb [gluteus medius, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, vastus lateralis, and tibialis cranialis], and the erector spinae). The rheobase was used to determine the chronaxy for each of the 11 muscles in the 10 dogs; chronaxy values were compared with those reported for the corresponding muscles in humans. RESULTS: Compared with values in humans, chronaxy values for stimulation of AA motor fibers in the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles and muscles of the more distal portions of limbs were lower in dogs. For the other muscles evaluated, chronaxy values did not differ between dogs and humans. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Application of the dog-specific chronaxy values when performing electrical stimulation for strengthening muscles or providing pain relief is likely to minimize the pain perceived during treatment in dogs.  相似文献   

11.
The distribution of type-I and type-II fibers in 9 different parts of the musculi triceps brachii, longissimus dorsi, gluteus medius, and biceps femoris was studied to determine whether biopsies from these muscles give reliable information. All 4 investigated muscles were not homogeneous in their fiber-type distribution. Large differences existed among different muscle parts. The percentage of type-I fibers increased toward the deeper and cranial parts of the muscles. In the same zone of the gluteus muscle, differences of 30% were found for type-I fibers. Therefore, results obtained by biopsies of muscles must be interpreted with caution.  相似文献   

12.
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was conducted to determine whether or not there are interstrain or site-dependent differences in the gene expression profiles of skeletal muscles in SJL/J and A/J mice as dysferlinopathy models. Upon analysis by qRT-PCR, SJL/J mice showed a trend of increased gene expression level of uncoupling protein 2 in the rectus femoris and longissimus lumborum at 30 weeks of age when dystrophic lesions became histopathologically pronounced. Heme oxygenase 1 and S100 calcium binding protein A4 were upregulated in the rectus femoris, longissimus lumborum and abdominal muscles, in which dystrophic lesions occur more commonly in SJL mice. The gene expression levels of heat shock protein 70 in most muscles of A/J mice were lower than those of BALB/c mice as control. SJL/J mice exhibited a marked lowering of decay-accelerating factor 1/CD55 gene expression level in all studied muscles except for the heart at all ages compared with that of BALB/c mice. This study showed that there were some interstrain differences in the gene expres sion profiles of skeletal muscles between SJL/J and A/J mice. Further investigation is required to reveal whether these alterations of the expression levels are the cause of dystrophic changes or occur subsequent to muscle damage.  相似文献   

13.
大白猪不同部位肌肉肌纤维表达特点   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  
取3头本地大白猪4个不同部位的肌肉组织,运用免疫组化方法,测定快肌纤维和慢肌纤维的表达情况。免疫组化结果表明在猪的不同部位肌肉组织中,快肌纤维与慢肌纤维含量之间存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。快肌纤维的表达在股二头肌中最多,其次为背最长肌和内脊肌,头半棘肌最少。慢肌纤维的表达在头半棘肌中最多,其次为内脊肌和股二头肌,在背最长肌中表达最少。通过对猪4种骨骼肌中快肌纤维和慢肌纤维的免疫组化分析显示,二者的表达在猪不同部位的肌肉存在显著差异。  相似文献   

14.
Left sides from 18 beef carcasses (9 steers and 9 heifers), selected to represent a wide range of marbling scores, were evaluated to determine the relationship between longissimus composition and the composition of other major muscles. The adductor (A), biceps femoris (BF), deep pectoral (DP) gluteal group (GL), infraspinatus (I), longissimus (L), psoas major (PM), rectus abdominis (RA), rectus femoris (RF), semimembranosus (SM), semitendinosus (ST), serratus ventralis (SV), spinalis (SP), supraspinatus (SU) and triceps brachii (TB) were removed, trimmed of external fat, weighed and ground for proximate analysis. Fat content of all muscles was related linearly (P less than .001) to L fat content (R2 values ranged from .67 to .84). The ST had the lowest mean fat content (4.4%) and SP had the highest mean percentage of fat (16.1%). The L ranged from 3.59% to 15.42% fat with a mean of 8.61%. Longissimus fat percentage can be used to predict the fat content of the other major muscles of the beef carcass.  相似文献   

15.
Muscles from beef carcasses (n = 100) were selected from a commercial processor and aged for 14 d. Longissimus lumborum (LL), semimembranosus (SM), biceps femoris (BF), gluteus medius (GM), triceps brachii (TB), rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, adductor, semitendinosus, infraspinatus, teres major, biceps femoris ischiatic head, biceps femoris sirloin cap, and gracillus steaks were placed in display for 9 d. Instrumental color variables [lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*), hue angle, chroma, and overall color change from d 0 (E)] were determined on d 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 of display. Muscle pH and myoglobin content were determined for LL, SM, BF, GM, and TB. Muscles differed (P < 0.05) in initial values of each color variable evaluated, and the extent and timing of changes during display differed across muscles. Relationships between color variables measured in LL steaks and those measured in steaks from other muscles differed across days of display with the strongest relationships being observed earlier in the display period for labile muscles and later in stable muscles. Lightness of LL steaks was correlated with lightness of all of other muscles evaluated, regardless of display day (r = 0.27 to 0.79). For a*, hue angle, chroma, and E values, the strongest relationships between LL values and those of other muscles were detected between d 9 LL values and those of other muscles on d 3, 6, or 9, depending on the relative stability of the muscle. Correlation coefficients between d 9 a*, hue angle, chroma, and E values in LL and those of other muscles were 0.50, 0.65, 0.28, and 0.43 (P < 0.05) or greater, respectively, for the muscles included in the study. Myoglobin content of SM, BF, GM, and TB was highly correlated with that of LL (r = 0.83, 0.82, 0.72, and 0.67, respectively; P < 0.05). Muscle pH of LL was correlated with pH of SM and GM (r = 0.44 and 0.53; P < 0.05), but not (P > 0.05) pH of BF or TB. Muscle effects generally explained more variation in a*, b*, hue angle, chroma, and E than animal effects. However, the relative importance of animal effects increased as display continued. These data indicate that animal effects were consistent across muscles, though muscle effects had greater contribution to color stability variation. Furthermore, strong relationships between LL color stability and the stability of other muscles indicate that strategies developed to manage animal variation in LL color stability would beneficially affect the entire carcass.  相似文献   

16.
采用生物化学方法测定不同生长阶段(初生和30,60,90kg)的八眉猪肌肉(背最长肌、股二头肌)内 DNA,RNA 与蛋白质含量。试验结果:肌肉内 DND、RNA 与蛋白质含量,以及 DNA、RNA 与蛋白质总量均随着猪只生长表现出明显的变化规律。肌肉内 DNA、RNA 含量呈显著下降趋势,DNA 含量初生至60kg 阶段间差异极显著(P<0.01),RNA 含量30—60kg 阶段间差异显著(P<0.05),而肌肉中蛋白质含量略有升高,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。整块肌肉内 DNA、RNA 与蛋白质总含量均随体重的增长而增加,而且初生至30kg 阶段间差异极显著(P<0.01),30—60kg 阶段间差异显著(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

17.
Mean fiber diameters and percentages of each fiber type of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and vastus intermedius muscles from 15 sheep, ranging from 1 day to 5 years of age, were determined. Myosin adenosine triphosphatase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-tetrazolium reductase stained sections were used. The vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris contained 3 fiber types (I, IIA, and IIB). The vastus intermedius was composed almost entirely of type I fibers. From birth to 5 years of age, mean fiber diameters of type I fibers increased from 15.8 to 47.0 micron in the vastus lateralis, 15.6 to 50.7 micron in the vastus medialis, 17.5 to 46.5 micron in the rectus femoris, and 26.7 to 51.8 micron in the vastus intermedius. Means of fiber diameters of type II fibers increased from 16.1 to 44.6 micron in the vastus lateralis, 19.8 to 44.0 micron in the vastus medialis, and 17.0 to 44.5 micron in the rectus femoris. The percentage of type II fibers in the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris decreased from 85% to 90% at birth to approximately 72% at 5 years of age. The vastus intermedius consisted of only type I fibers in sheep 2 years and older.  相似文献   

18.
In order to investigate skeletal muscle development mechanism,the expression of follistatin (FST) and fibromodulin (FMOD) gene were comparatively analyzed in fetus different skeletal muscles and different stages between Ujumqin sheep and Texel sheep during early stage.Two gene expression were analyzed including longissimusdorsi,semimembranosus,semitendinosus quadricepsfemoris and biceps femoris muscle were compared by variance analysis methods of four stages (85,100,120 and 135 d).The results of quantitative Real-time PCR showed that the expression of FST gene showed a tendency to increase with the addition of stage,and the expression of FST gene in Texel sheep was higher than that in Ujumqin sheep in semitendinosus (100,120 d),semimembranosus (120 d),and biceps femoris (120 d) (P<0.05).The expression of FST gene in Texel sheep was extremly higher than that of Ujumqin sheep in semitendinosus (100,135 d),longissimusdorsi (85 d),quadricepsfemoris (100 d) and biceps femoris (100 d) (P<0.01).As a whole,the expression of FMOD gene was the highest in quadriceps femoris,and was lower in other four muscles,it's expression in Ujumqin sheep was higher than that in Texel sheep.It was inferred that FST and FMOD genes might be related to muscle development during early stage.  相似文献   

19.
本研究以骨骼肌表型差异明显的两个绵羊品种特克塞尔羊和乌珠穆沁羊为试验对象,通过对两个与生长发育相关的基因卵泡抑素(follistatin,FST)与纤维蛋白聚糖基因(fibromodulin,FMOD)在不同日龄、不同骨骼肌部位表达的比较分析,探讨绵羊骨骼肌早期发育规律;同时对绵羊胎儿的85、100、120和135日龄4个阶段,在背最长肌、半腱肌、股四头肌、半膜肌和股二头肌5个部位肌肉FST和FMOD基因的表达量进行了比较研究。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,随着胎儿日龄的增加,FST基因在半腱肌、股四头肌中表达量有增加的趋势,同时在特克塞尔绵羊中的表达量高于乌珠穆沁羊。在100和120日龄半腱肌、120日龄半膜肌、120日龄股二头肌中FST基因表达量在两个品种间差异显著(P<0.05),在100和135日龄半膜肌、85日龄背最长肌、100日龄股四头肌、100日龄股二头肌中FST基因表达量在两个品种间差异极显著(P<0.01)。FMOD基因在股四头肌中表达量较高,而在其他4种肌肉组织中相对表达量较低,且在乌珠穆沁羊中的表达量高于特克塞尔羊中的表达量。FST和FMOD基因在绵羊早期骨骼肌发育中起着重要作用。  相似文献   

20.
To describe the clinical features and treatment of a cat that was initially presented with fibrotic myopathy affecting the left tensor fascia lata. Approximately 5 months later, the cat was presented again with multiple idiopathic fibrotic myopathies, affecting the ipsilateral rectus femoris and the contralateral semitendinosus muscles. These were each separate lesions and occurred without known history of trauma. Surgical resection of the fibrotic portion of the affected muscles resulted in immediate, but not long-term, resolution of clinical signs.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号