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1.
惯性式压电振动送料器 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用压电双晶片振子,设计了一种惯性式压电振动送料器,分析了惯性式压电振动送料器的工作原理,建立了压电振子动力学模型,利用Matlab软件分析了振子长度和质量对冲击力与变形量的影响。对料盘中的物料进行了受力分析。制作了送料器样机,并对样机进行试验测试,得到了电压、振幅、频率与送料速度之间的关系曲线,结果表明该送料器在共振条件下具有良好的工作性能,随着电压的增加,振幅与送料速度呈线性增加。相比悬臂梁式压电振动送料器,该送料器具有更大的驱动能力和更小的空间结构。 相似文献
2.
针对保育猪死淘率高、饲料浪费多、人员劳动强度大等问题，搭建粥料机样机测试平台，并设计保育猪智能粥料饲喂系统，系统由机械本体、手持终端、中央控制器和云平台四部分组成。对机械本体中螺旋输送机安装高度、排料通道内径和破拱结构形式进行正交试验，得到参数最优组合为：螺旋输送机安装高度为60 mm，排料通道内径42 mm，破拱结构采用上下破拱结构结合的形式，此组合下填充效率最优，λ值为14.2 g/r。系统供水量误差为1.43%；当水料比≥1.5∶1时，食槽液位监测装置满足系统工作要求，研究可为保育猪智能粥料饲喂设备的研发提供参考。 相似文献
3.
针对现有绞龙和塞盘等管道式输送粉状饲料方式存在残留量不易清理、送料量计量困难等问题,设计了一种由称量平台、送料车、平移轨道、高架轨道和控制系统组成的饲料自动输送系统。通过研究在送料车遍巡舍内圈栏位的基础上舍内圈栏与目标巡航时间的关系,确定送料车和轨道等硬件设计方案以及技术参数,结合称量传感器负反馈控制方法,设计WiFi无线控制系统,实现送料车装料和卸料的自动巡航控制,称量平台自动计量装料量,以及平移轨道机构对接称量平台与舍内双列圈栏轨道。以粉状饲料作为试验材料在中国农业大学上庄试验站进行了现场试验,结果表明:称量系统测量值与实际测量值的相对标准偏差平均值之差小于1%,系统测量值的最大相对标准偏差小于2.5%,满足精确供料要求;自动控制系统能够控制送料车按设计要求完成装料、巡航送料和卸料,具有实际应用价值。 相似文献
4.
挖掘臂电液伺服系统非线性辨识 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
针对机理建模存在未建模动态及其参数辨识难的问题,采用由分段非线性模块、线性时不变动态模块及间隙非线性模块串联组成的Pseudo-Hammerstein-Wiener模型来描述挖掘臂电液伺服系统。利用关键变量分离原理将系统模型化解为最小二乘格式,再采用带中间变量估计的改进递推最小二乘算法进行辨识。实验表明,辨识所得Pseudo-Hammerstein-Wiener模型能很好地逼近实际系统,误差比Hammerstein及线性模型分别减少29%及68%。 相似文献
5.
针对机理建模存在未建模动态及其参数辨识难的问题,采用由分段非线性模块、线性时不变动态模块及间隙非线性模块串联组成的Pseudo-Hammerstein-Wiener模型来描述挖掘臂电液伺服系统.利用关键变量分离原理将系统模型化解为最小二乘格式,再采用带中间变量估计的改进递推最小二乘算法进行辨识.实验表明,辨识所得Pseudo-Hammerstein-Wiener模型能很好地逼近实际系统,误差比Hammerstein及线性模型分别减少29％及68％. 相似文献
6.
《中国农村水利水电》2017,(6)
将抗差理论引入到自回归模型(AR)的参数估计中,在实时洪水预报的误差修正中,可以利用抗差理论估计AR模型的参数,抵御异常观测值对参数估计的影响,以保证实时洪水的预报精度。选取闽江水吉流域的5场实测洪水资料,通过递推最小二乘法和抗差递推最小二乘法来率定AR模型参数,结果表明:当观测资料无异常值时,递推最小二乘法和抗差递推最小二乘的结果相近,都比较满意;当观测资料中有异常值时,递推最小二乘的结果明显不合理,抗差递推最小二乘法能获得最优估值。 相似文献
7.
洪水预报是河网地区防洪排涝规划、洪水调度的重要组成部分,而水动力模型是其计算基础。由于模型受等多种因素的制约和影响,水动力模拟计算的水位有时与实测水位存在较大的误差,需要用一定的技术方法来校正。本文通过对这种误差序列分析后,利用自回归模型结合衰减记忆递推最小二乘法（衰减二乘）更新参数,并利用实测资料进行了相应的验证。对研究区的三场洪水进行模拟,计算分析表明,所采用的校正技术能有效提高计算精度,可以应用于实际河网洪水预报中。 相似文献
8.
为满足育肥猪获得正常生长所需采食量并达到精准饲喂控制等需求，以育肥猪为试验对象，设计一种育肥猪精准下料控制系统。研究通过使用双侧下料器，实现对称式双边下料，提高猪群的采食效率；增设触碰开关，猪只触动后执行预设料下料，避免饲料浪费；食槽内增设料位感应探针，猪只触碰感应开关时，若探针感应不到食槽内水料，系统自动补充水料到探针处，既保证猪只正常采食，又避免饲料浪费；增设防结拱装置，通过震动电机实现破拱，防止料粉受潮影响下料。试验结果表明，与理论采食量比较，智能饲喂方式下采食量低于理论采食量；饲喂采食量比例分别为10%，30%，30%，20%及10%时，获得较佳的采食量变化曲线。综上，所设计的双侧下料的育肥猪精准下料控制系统，采用拨轮下料的控制机构与嵌入式系统的协同工作，设备控制简单，下料稳定，计量准确，与进口设备比较，成本优势明显，适合在我国大、中、小型育肥猪场推广应用。 相似文献
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10.
为了实现磁悬浮球系统高精度位置控制,提出一种基于模糊神经网络补偿PID控制的磁悬浮球系统位置控制新方法,该控制系统由模糊神经网络辨识器、PID控制器和模糊神经网络控制器组成。模糊神经网络辨识器基于PID控制器所提供的训练数据,建立控制系统误差与控制量之间的动态模型并将网络辨识参数实时传递至模糊神经网络控制器,模糊神经网络控制器基于实时辨识模型计算得到当前周期的补偿控制量,实现对PID控制的在线动态补偿,避免了离线训练过程,且无需建立精确的数学模型。方波信号仿真和实验结果表明:模糊神经网络补偿控制精度分别由PID控制的0.014 2 mm和0.221 1 mm提升至0.006 8 mm和0.073 9 mm,控制系统具有良好动态性能。 相似文献
11.
Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
12.
瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
13.
对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
14.
对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
15.
About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
16.
在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
17.
Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
18.
在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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20.
车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献