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奶牛乳房炎是奶牛最常发生的疾病之一,给奶牛养殖业带来了巨大的经济损失。病原菌感染是奶牛乳房炎最主要的病因。目的：为了了解新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场奶牛乳房炎的发病情况和致乳房炎主要病原菌的流行现状。方法：本研究通过对新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场进行现场流行病学调查并结合实验室检查。对新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场中临床型乳房炎与隐性乳房炎牛只进行了病原菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析,应用敏感药物进行了药敏试验。共采集奶样1236份,通过在甘露醇高盐琼脂平板、麦康凯琼脂平板、脱纤维无菌绵羊血琼脂平板上对样品连续划线培养后并结合涂片、染色、镜检中共分离出疑似葡萄球菌742株、革兰氏阴性杆菌531株、链球菌371株。初步判定金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、无乳链球菌等是引起新疆部分地区奶牛乳房炎的主要病原菌。结果：最后通过特异性引物的PCR鉴定结果,最终获得371株金黄色葡萄球菌、297株大肠杆菌、112株无乳链球菌。结论：药敏结果显示这三种病原菌对头孢噻肟、环丙沙星药物高度敏感。可为新疆部分地区奶牛场防治乳房炎的临床用药提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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[目的]为了摸清辽西地区规模化奶牛场奶牛隐性乳房炎发病情况,[方法]本研究应用美国加州奶牛乳房炎检测方法(California mastitis test, CMT)对规模化奶牛场奶牛定期采集奶样进行隐性乳房炎动态监测。通过临床检查和CMT方法对辽西地区5个规模化奶牛养殖场共1 326头泌乳期奶牛进行了隐性乳房炎的监测,[结果]统计结果显示,隐性乳房炎发病率高达41.25%,发病率以夏秋季节最高,随着年龄增大,胎次增多,泌乳增加,乳房炎的发病率增高。[结论]研究结果表明辽西地区奶牛乳房炎发病情况较为严重,需要规模化奶牛养殖场高度重视,同时为该地区奶牛场乳房炎的防控提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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石河子地区隐性乳房炎奶牛源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
为了解引起石河子地区规模化奶牛场隐性乳房炎奶牛源大肠杆菌的流行情况及其耐药性,本试验采用兰州乳房炎检测板(Lanzhou mastitis test,LMT)对石河子地区11个规模化奶牛场进行了检测,同时对无菌采集的检测为阳性的乳样进行了大肠杆菌分离鉴定及耐药性分析.结果显示,石河子地区11个规模化奶牛场的隐性乳房炎感染阳性率为44.56%(313/1950);对313份无菌采集的乳样进行细菌分离鉴定,结果共分离出病原菌108株,其中大肠杆分离率为14.81%(16/108);药敏试验结果显示16株大肠杆菌对氧氟沙星、头孢唑啉、克林霉素高度敏感,对庆大霉素、氨苄西林、链霉素中度敏感,对阿莫西林、四环素有耐药性.本试验为该地区大肠杆菌源性隐性乳房炎的防制提供科学依据. 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2010,(3)
<正>为了解宁波地区奶牛乳房炎发病及主要病原菌构成,采用乳房炎诊断试剂(HMT)对宁波市8个奶牛场307头泌乳牛的1249个乳区进行了隐性乳房炎流行情况调查,采集 相似文献
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奶牛隐性乳房炎发病率高、流行广,是导致奶业经济损失最大的疾病。为了解昆明市奶牛场隐性乳房炎的流行状况,采用加州乳房炎检测法(CMT)对昆明市周边3个标准化奶牛场和3个奶牛合作社奶牛按照30%比例进行随机抽样检查。在抽检的2 297份乳样中,隐性乳房炎阳性数为897份,阳性率为39.05%,规模化奶牛场的隐性乳房炎阳性率(28.79%)显著低于奶牛合作社(56.21%)(P<0.01);奶牛后乳区发病率(69.34%)明显高于前乳区(57.64%);随着产犊胎次的增加,奶牛乳房炎患病率随之显著增高。本调查对掌握昆明地区奶牛隐性乳房炎的发病情况,以及早发现和控制该病发生、提高牛奶质量具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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采用加州乳房炎检测法(CMT)对贵阳市清镇、乌当区、花溪区和开阳县的4个规模化奶牛场奶牛隐性乳房炎的发病情况进行了调查,共检测了284头泌乳奶牛的1 136个乳区.结果表明,奶牛隐性乳房炎的头发病率和乳区发病率分别为53.8％、26.1％.数据表明,奶牛隐性乳房炎与胎次、年龄有很大关系.不同胎次和年龄的泌乳奶牛隐性乳房炎阳性率差异极显著(P＜0.01).结果提示,规模化奶牛养殖场进行常态化的乳房炎检查和实验室检验是非常必要的,可以随时监控隐性乳房炎的发病情况,为促进奶业发展打下坚实基础. 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎是造成奶牛场经济损失最为严重的疾病之一,也是奶牛养殖过程中的常见病.乳房炎可以导致奶牛产奶量下降,生奶品质变差,药品费用增加,奶牛淘汰率增加等,这些都直接影响着奶牛场的效益.本文介绍了如何通过综合性方案将规模化奶牛场的奶牛乳房炎发病率控制在最低水平和如何合理使用兽药,以增加奶牛产奶量,提升生奶品质,切实造福奶牛养殖者. 相似文献
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为掌握北京某区各奶牛场奶牛隐性乳房炎流行情况及其主要病原菌,采用BMT方法检出隐性乳房炎乳样后,对阳性乳样进行细菌分离与鉴定,同时对其主要病原菌进行了体外药敏试验。结果表明,该区奶牛场隐性乳房炎的感染率为22%,主要病原菌为无乳链球菌、乳房链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等细菌,其敏感的抗菌药物有头孢噻呋钠、头孢拉定、氟哌酸、新霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素等,经采取临床用药及改善挤奶方式等措施,有效地控制了该区奶牛场隐性乳房炎。 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献13.
Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1982 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(7):227-229
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Ovine scrapie was first recorded in Cyprus in 1985. Subsequently four dairy goats kept in two mixed flocks with affected sheep developed characteristic clinical signs similar to those seen in sheep. Fifteen goats from the two flocks were examined histologically and neurological lesions consistent with a diagnosis of scrapie were found in the four animals and in three others which had subsequently developed early neurological signs. These lesions were similar to those of naturally-affected sheep although neuronal degeneration and vacuolation were more severe in some cases. 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献16.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献18.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献