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1.
体外培养成熟的卵母细胞,通过核移植(Nuclear transfer,NT)技术,构建体细胞克隆(Somatic cell nuclear transfer,SCNT)胚胎,以体外受精胚胎作为对照组。收集MⅡ期卵母细胞、2细胞胚胎、4细胞胚胎、8细胞胚胎、16细胞胚胎、桑椹胚和囊胚,采用实时荧光定量PCR的方法检测经典BoLA-I基因和非经典BoLA-I基因在MⅡ期卵母细胞及各期胚胎中的相对表达量。结果显示,BoLA-I类基因在在牛MⅡ期卵母细胞中的相对表达量显著高于其在其他各时期胚胎的相对表达量(P0.05);BoLA-I类基因在牛SCNT胚和IVF胚中相对表达量随胚胎发育的变化趋势类似,随着第1次及随后的卵裂,经典BoLA-I、NC1、NC2基因mRNA的表达下降到极微的水平;NC3、NC4在整个发育阶段均表达很低甚至难以检测到它们表达。结果表明,本试验通过在体外制备及培养SCNT胚胎,初步建立BoLA-I类基因在其的表达模式,为BoLA-I类基因参与母胎免疫机制的研究奠定基础,为进一步寻找评估胚胎质量的标志物提供依据。  相似文献   

2.
为了探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂辛二酰苯胺异羟肟酸(SAHA)对德保猪手工克隆胚胎(HMC)发育潜能的影响,试验摸索SAHA的适宜处理浓度[0(对照),1.0,2.5,5.0,7.5,10.0μmol/L]和时间(0,6,12,24 h);之后分为4组,SAHA组、体外受精(IVF)组、孤雌激活(PA)组、对照(HMCC)组,分别在体外发育的1细胞期、2细胞期、4细胞期、囊胚期收集胚胎,在相同时期下比较各组胚胎组蛋白H4K8乙酰化(Ac H4K8)水平差异和相关基因(HDAC1、HAT1、ASF1A、OCT-4)相对表达量。结果表明:7.5μmol/L SAHA处理囊胚率显著高于对照(P0.05),12 h囊胚率显著高于0 h(P0.05);所以适宜处理浓度为7.5μmol/L,适宜处理时间为12 h。在1细胞期、2细胞期、囊胚期,SAHA组Ac H4K8水平接近IVF组水平(P0.05)。在囊胚期,SAHA组HDAC1基因相对表达量接近IVF组(P0.05);在囊胚期,SAHA组OCT-4基因相对表达量接近IVF组(P0.05)。说明SAHA可以使HMC胚胎Ac H4K8水平接近IVF水平,并纠正克隆胚胎乙酰化的异常,从而提高克隆胚胎发育潜能。  相似文献   

3.
为探讨母源基因在绵羊卵母细胞和胚胎发育过程中的表达模式,运用Real-time PCR技术研究4种母源基因:Gdf9(生长分化因子9)、Zar1(合子阻泄因子)、Mater(胚胎必要的母体抗原)及Dnmt1(DNA甲基化转移酶1)的mRNAs在绵羊GV期卵母细胞,24h成熟卵母细胞,2-细胞、4-细胞、8-细胞、16-细胞胚胎以及囊胚中的含量变化情况。结果表明:在GV期卵中Zar1、Mater、Gdf9以及Dnmt1m RNA相对含量最高(P<0.05);从2-细胞胚胎开始,4种基因的mRNA相对含量显著降低(P<0.05),各基因mRNA的含量在不同发育阶段的卵母细胞和胚胎中存在动态变化,这对卵子生长和胚胎发育有重要意义。  相似文献   

4.
为探讨母源基因在绵羊卵母细胞和胚胎发育过程中的表达模式,运用Real-time PCR技术研究4种母源基因:Gdf9(生长分化因子9)、Zar1(合子阻泄因子)、Mater(胚胎必要的母体抗原)及Dnmt1(DNA甲基化转移酶1)的mRNAs在绵羊GV期卵母细胞,24h成熟卵母细胞,2-细胞、4-细胞、8-细胞、16-细胞胚胎以及囊胚中的含量变化情况。结果表明:在GV期卵中Zar1、Mater、Gdf9以及Dnmt1m RNA相对含量最高(P0.05);从2-细胞胚胎开始,4种基因的mRNA相对含量显著降低(P0.05),各基因mRNA的含量在不同发育阶段的卵母细胞和胚胎中存在动态变化,这对卵子生长和胚胎发育有重要意义。  相似文献   

5.
本研究旨在分析KDM2B在小鼠卵母细胞和早期胚胎中的表达规律,为KDM2B在卵母细胞减数分裂及胚胎发育过程中的生物学作用奠定基础。选择20只6～8周龄小鼠为试验动物,收集GV期、MⅡ期卵母细胞、2-细胞、4-细胞、8-细胞、囊胚各阶段胚胎,根据GenBank上已公布的小鼠(Mus musculus)KDM2B序列设计引物,采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测KDM2B在胚胎各阶段mRNA的表达水平;通过免疫荧光染色定位KDM2B蛋白在胚胎各阶段的分布。结果显示,GV期卵母细胞KDM2B mRNA的表达量极显著高于MⅡ期(P<0.01);在2-细胞、4-细胞和8-细胞mRNA表达量较低,囊胚期其表达量极显著升高(P<0.01);卵母细胞成熟过程中,KDM2B在GV期主要表达于细胞核中,MⅡ期卵母细胞核中的荧光信号极显著减弱(P<0.01),早期胚胎发育过程中,KDM2B蛋白在2-细胞、4-细胞、8-细胞胚胎中均不表达,囊胚期重新表达于细胞核。综上表明,本研究成功建立KDM2B在小鼠卵母细胞及胚胎细胞中的时空及时序表达模式,关于KDM2B参与调控减数分裂与胚胎发育过程具体的作用机制有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

6.
为了解水牛卵母细胞和体外受精（IVF）胚胎早期发育过程中端粒酶的活性变化,本研究利用端粒重复序列扩增法（TRAP）进行了水牛未成熟卵母细胞,成熟卵母细胞和2～4细胞,8～16细胞,桑椹胚以及囊胚各阶段的早期胚胎端粒酶活性的测定。依据电泳条带在成像系统下的光密度值,计算端粒酶的相对活性（RTA）。结果发现,未成熟卵母细胞端粒酶活性比成熟卵母细胞高（P〈0.05）,受精后2～4和8～16细胞胚胎端粒酶活性相对较低,桑椹胚端粒酶活性明显升高（P〈0.05）,囊胚阶段达到最高水平。通过对水牛不同发育阶段胚胎细胞数计数及单细胞相对端粒酶活性的分析比较结果显示,卵母细胞的单细胞端粒酶活性最高,囊胚阶段的最低。单细胞端粒酶活性从未成熟卵母细胞到IVF囊胚阶段呈逐渐降低的趋势。这些结果表明,水牛卵母细胞及早期胚胎的端粒酶活性变化与其成熟、发育阻断及全能性的逐步降低有关。  相似文献   

7.
β-巯基乙醇或牛磺酸对牛体外受精后早期胚胎的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  
对屠宰黄牛的卵母细胞经体外成熟(IVM)、体外受精(IVF)后的早期胚胎,在β-巯基乙醇(-βME)或牛磺酸等添加物的胚胎培养液中的后续发育进行了研究,并探讨了其影响因素,以期筛选出最佳的体外培养条件。试验结果表明:4~8细胞期添加-βME可显著提高胚胎桑椹胚、囊胚发育率和囊胚细胞数,但不能改善孵化囊胚的质量。在体外发育培养液中添加7mM牛磺酸可显著提高桑椹胚率和囊胚率(P<0.05),并且在4~8细胞期添加牛磺酸最为合适。  相似文献   

8.
旨在研究牛磺熊脱氧胆酸(Tauro ursodeoxychollc acid,TUDCA)对黄牛体外受精(IVF)早期胚胎发育的影响。采用RT-PCR法检测黄牛IVF胚胎早期发育各时期XBP-1mRNA剪接激活情况,随后分别用添加不同浓度(0、100、250、500、1 000μmol·L-1)TUDCA的培养液培养胚胎,分别统计胚胎分裂率、囊胚率、囊胚细胞总数及囊胚细胞凋亡率,采用qRT-PCR法分析囊胚内质网应激相关基因Grp78、Chop、Bax、Bcl-2的表达情况。结果表明,在胚胎的4-细胞、桑椹胚、囊胚检测到XBP-1mRNA明显剪接;IVF胚胎经不同浓度TUDCA培养后各组间的胚胎分裂率差异不显著(P0.05),但500μmol·L-1 TUDCA组提高了胚胎的囊胚发育率及囊胚细胞数(P0.05),并降低了囊胚细胞凋亡率(P0.05);qRT-PCR检测表明,500μmol·L-1 TUDCA处理组下调了囊胚Chop基因的表达,且上调了Bcl-2基因的表达(P0.05),而Grp78与Bax表达与对照组相比差异不显著(P0.05)。综上表明:早期胚胎体外发育过程中,存在内质网应激反应;胚胎培养液中添加500μmol·L-1 TUDCA,可以降低内质网应激反应,有利于促进黄牛胚胎发育。  相似文献   

9.
《中国兽医学报》2015,(9):1529-1534
本试验旨在研究热休克蛋白70-9B(heat shock 70 000protein-9B,HSPA9B)在牦牛早期体外受精胚胎中的表达差异及其与体外受精胚胎发育的关系。在正常生理条件下,采集青海高原牦牛卵巢,捡取质量良好的卵丘-卵母细胞复合体(cumulus-oocyte complexes,COCs),进行体外受精和体外培养,采取实时荧光定量(RT-qPCR)和间接免疫荧光技术,检测HSPA9B在不同时期体外受精胚胎中的表达差异及其蛋白分布。实时荧光定量结果表明,HSPA9B在2~4细胞期胚胎中的相对表达量,分别是在桑椹胚和囊胚中的6.693 4、5.227 4倍,HSPA9B在4~8细胞期胚胎中的相对表达量分别是在2~4细胞期胚胎、桑椹胚和囊胚中的1.136 8、9.089 7和5.937 2倍。间接免疫荧光染色结果表明,在2~4细胞期胚胎、4~8细胞期胚胎和桑椹胚中,胞核HSPA9B的相对表达量较胞质弱,在囊胚中胞核HSPA9B的相对表达量较胞质强。由此得出结论:通过基因水平研究,发现HSPA9B在牦牛早期各时期的体外受精胚胎中存在表达差异,HSPA9B在2~4、4~8细胞期胚胎中的相对表达量与其在桑椹胚和囊胚中的相对表达量差异性极显著(P0.01),提示:可能是HSPA9B在胚胎早期发育中发挥重要作用;通过蛋白水平研究,发现HSPA9B在2~4细胞期胚胎、4~8细胞期胚胎和桑椹胚中,胞核HSPA9B的表达量较胞质的表达弱,在囊胚中胞核HSPA9B的表达量较胞质的表达强,结果表明,在体外培养的环境应激条件下,牦牛体外受精胚胎发育至囊胚时,HSPA9B蛋白的分布可能发生了移位。  相似文献   

10.
旨在探讨体外成熟(IVM)液中添加血小板活化因子(PAF)对牦牛卵母细胞发育能力及基因表达影响。本试验将牦牛1 025个卵丘-卵母细胞复合体(COCs)分为4组,分别在含不同浓度PAF(0、10~(-8)、10~(-7)和10~(-6)mol·L~(-1))的IVM液中成熟后,与奶牛精子体外受精(IVF)和体外培养(IVC),比较分析各组卵母细胞成熟率、卵裂率和囊胚率以及COCs和胚胎中抗凋亡(BCL-2)、促凋亡(BAX)、表皮生长因子(EGF)及其受体(EGFR)、转录因子(OCT-4和NANOG)和c-fos等基因的表达量差异。结果表明,IVM液中PAF浓度为10~(-7)mol·L~(-1)组的卵母细胞成熟率((92.16±0.19)%)、卵裂率((77.20±0.85)%)和囊胚率((46.71±0.68)%)显著高于其他组(P0.05)。qPCR结果显示,在该组成熟的COCs中BCL-2、EGF、EGFR、c-fos表达量显著上调(P0.05),而促凋亡基因BAX表达量显著下调(P0.05),囊胚中EGF、EGFR、OCT-4基因表达量显著上调(P0.05)。各组间2-、4-、8-细胞、桑椹胚和囊胚中BCL-2、BAX和NANOG表达量差异不显著,但桑椹胚和囊胚中BCL-2表达量均明显下调,而BAX表达量均明显上调。综上所述,IVM液中适宜浓度PAF(10~(-7)mol·L~(-1))可以促进牦牛卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育,调控细胞凋亡和增殖相关基因的表达。  相似文献   

11.
The objective of this study was to examine the telomerase activity in swamp buffalo oocytes and pre-implantation stage embryos derived from in vitro fertilization (IVF), somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) and parthenogenetic activation (PA). Immature and mature oocytes, and embryos at the 2-4 cell, 8-16 cell, morula and blastocyst stages produced by IVF, NT and PA were collected and the telomerase activity was assayed by using a Telomerase PCR ELISA kit. Telomerase activity was detected in all developmental stages evaluated from immature oocytes to blastocyst stage embryos. Telomerase activity was detected in higher amounts in immature as compared with mature oocytes (p < 0.05). Embryos derived from NT showed a profile of telomerase activity similar to that of IVF. In IVF and NT embryos, telomerase activity was low in the 2-4 cell and 8-16 cell stages, but the activity significantly increased (p < 0.05) at the morula stage, reaching its highest level at the blastocyst stage. In PA embryos, low levels of telomerase activity were detected from the 2-4 cell to the morula stage, and the highest level of telomerase activity was found at the blastocyst stage. Telomerase activity in NT blastocysts is higher than that derived from IVF and the activity is highest in PA blastocysts. These results suggest that the successful reprogramming of telomerase activity in buffalo NT embryos follow a pattern similar to that in embryos derived from IVF and PA.  相似文献   

12.
This study was carried out to determine whether culture media reconstructed with bovine enucleated oocytes and the expression pattern of Oct-4 could support dedifferentiaton of monkey fibroblasts in interspecies cloned monkey embryos. In this study, monkey and bovine skin fibroblasts were used as donor cells for reconstruction with bovine enucleated oocytes. The reconstructed monkey interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) embryos were then cultured under six different culture conditions with modifications of the embryo culture media and normal bovine and monkey specifications. The Oct-4 expression patterns of the embryos were examined at the two-cell to blastocyst stages using immunocytochemistry. The monkey iSCNT embryos showed similar cleavage rates to those of bovine SCNT and bovine parthenogenetic activation (PA). However, the monkey iSCNT embryos were not able to develop beyond the 16-cell stage under any of the culture conditions. In monkey and bovine SCNT embryos, Oct-4 could be detected from the two-cell to blastocyst stage, and in bovine PA embryos, Oct-4 was detectable from the morula to blastocyst stage. These results suggested that bovine ooplasm could support dedifferentiation of monkey somatic cell nuclei but could not support embryo development to either the compact morula or blastocyst stage. In conclusion, we found that the culture conditions that tend to enhance monkey iSCNT embryo development and the expression pattern of Oct-4 in cloned embryos (monkey iSCNT and bovine SCNT) are different than in bovine PA embryos.  相似文献   

13.
Interferon-tau (IFN-τ) is a secreted conceptus protein which plays a critical role in the establishment of ruminant pregnancy by its antiluteolytic and antiviral effects. In the present study, we hypothesized that IFN-τ expression was temporally and spatially regulated in different pre-implantation embryos and the levels of IFN-τ expression were different among bovine embryos derived from parthenogenetic activation (PA), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). By using in situ hybridization with Digoxingenin (DIG)-labelled IFN-τ cDNA as a probe, we detected IFN-τ mRNA in bovine embryos from days 3 to 9 in culture. However, the timing of the initiation of IFN-τ mRNA expression was different among PA, IVF and SCNT embryos. Interferon-τ mRNA was first expressed in 16-cell stage IVF embryos on day 4, in SCNT morula on day 5 and early PA blastocyst on day 6. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of IFN-τ mRNA did not differ significantly among IVF, SCNT and PA embryos on day 7. In addition, freezing and thawing did not have a major impact either on IFN-τ mRNA expression in IVF or in vivo -produced bovine blastocysts.  相似文献   

14.
Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is one of the most conserved enzymes present in the nuclei of cells, including bovine oocytes and pre-implantation embryos. However, the biological functions of HDAC1 in supporting the growth and development of bovine oocytes and embryos are still not fully elucidates. In this study, three siRNAs (si299, si672, and si1272) targeting to HDAC1 mRNA sequence were designed. After transfection into bovine fibroblast cells, si299, the most effective one in HDAC1 knock-down, was selected. The selected siRNA was microinjected into bovine germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes to determine the functions of HDAC1 in the maturation of bovine oocytes. Finally, the siRNA was microinjected into mature oocytes, which were then parthenogenetically activated and cultured in vitro until the blastocyst stage. The rates of cleavage, blastocyst development and acetylation of lysine 14 of H3 (H3K14) state were checked. The results suggest that HDAC1 knock-down in oocytes did not influence the rates of maturation or cleavage of parthenogenetic embryos. However, the rates of blastocyst decreased after siRNA microinjection. Furthermore, histone H3K14 acetylation level increased after siRNA microinjection into parthenogenetic embryos.  相似文献   

15.
Recent studies have implicated the peripheral actions of ghrelin in reproductive tissues. Here, we provide evidence that both ghrelin and its receptor GHSR-1a (the type 1a growth hormone secretagogue receptor) are expressed at both mRNA and protein levels in sheep oocytes and pre-implantation embryos produced in vitro . Real-time RT-PCR experiments confirmed that ghrelin mRNA levels varied depending on developmental stage, with the highest expression in metaphase II (MII) oocytes, higher expression at the 2-cell stage, and minimal expression in germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes, 4- and 8-cell stages, and in the blastocyst. The levels of GHSR-1a mRNA decreased from GV to MII, increased immediately at the 2-cell stage and then remained stable until the blastocyst stage. Ghrelin protein was detected mainly in the cytoplasm close to the plasma membrane in both inner cell mass and trophectoderm cells, while GHSR-1a protein was most abundant in the plasma membrane. In conclusion, the presence of the ghrelin signalling system within the sheep oocytes and pre-implantation embryos opens up the possibility of a potential regulatory role of this novel molecule in reproductive function.  相似文献   

16.
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17.
Since BSE testing of slaughtered cattle is obligatory in Japan, storage of ovaries at 15-20 C overnight in phosphate buffered saline has become a routine protocol in in vitro production (IVP) of cattle embryos. Ovary storage is known to reduce developmental competence of oocytes; however, its effects on oocyte gene expression have not been clarified yet. This study compared oocytes collected from stored slaughterhouse-derived ovaries with those collected by Ovum Pick-Up (OPU) in terms of the expression of 20 selected genes to determine if ovary storage affects cellular processes at the molecular level. Expression of mRNA in oocytes was assayed before and after in vitro maturation (IVM) by real-time quantitative PCR. Maternal mRNA levels of genes were investigated in 2-cell stage embryos obtained from slaughterhouse oocytes to assess their roles for blastocyst formation. In immature OPU oocytes, genes related to metabolism (GAPDH), transporters (GLUT8, ATP1A1) and stress resistance protein (HSP70) showed significantly higher expression compared with oocytes derived from stored ovaries. During IVM, the expression of GDF9, GLUT8, CTNNB1 and PMSB1 was significantly decreased irrespective of oocyte source. Two-cell stage embryos cleaving at 22-25 h after in vitro fertilization (IVF) showed a significantly higher blastocyst formation rate and ATP1A1 gene expression level compared with those cleaving at 27-30 h after IVF. Our results reveal that storage of ovaries alters mRNA levels in oocytes. Correlation of Na/K ATPase ATP1A1 expression in IVP embryos at the 2-cell and 8-cell stages with their developmental ability to the blastocyst stage may suggest the importance of maternal mRNA of this gene during blastulation in embryos derived from slaughterhouse oocytes.  相似文献   

18.
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19.
Histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) plays an important role in developmental regulation in various vertebrate species. However, the role of H2Bub1 in mammalian preimplantation development remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the role of H2Bub1 in the regulation of mouse preimplantation development. Based on immunocytochemical analysis using an anti-H2Bub1 antibody, no H2Bub1 signal was detected in the metaphase chromosomes of unfertilized oocytes or the pronuclei of early 1-cell stage embryos, but a weak signal was observed in late 1-cell stage embryos. The signal increased after cleavage into the 2-cell stage, and thereafter a strong signal was observed until the blastocyst stage. To assess the significance of H2Bub1 in the regulation of preimplantation development, RNF20 (an H2B-specific ubiquitin E3 ligase) was knocked down using small interfering RNA (siRNAs). In embryos treated with siRNA, the levels of Rnf20 mRNA and H2Bub1 decreased at the 4-cell and morula stages. Although these embryos developed normally until the morula stage, only one-third developed into the blastocyst stage. These results suggested that H2Bub1 is involved in the regulation of preimplantation development.  相似文献   

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