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1.
11个中国古老月季品种的核型分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
对11个中国古老月季品种进行了染色体数目和核型研究.体细胞有丝分裂中期染色体数及核型分别为:匍匐红2n = 2x = 11m + 3sm;金瓯泛绿2n = 3x = 14m + 7sm;青莲学士2n = 3x = 8m + 13sm;四面镜2n = 3x = 15m + 6sm;一季粉2n = 3x = 13m + 8sm;羽仕妆2n = 3x = 16m + 5sm;桔囊2n = 4x = 15m + 13sm;软香红2n = 4x = 18m + 10sm;一品朱衣2n = 4x = 17m + 11sm;紫红香2n = 4x = 16m + 12sm;紫香绒2n = 4x = 21m + 7sm.匍匐红、四面镜、软香红的核型为1A,一季粉、一品朱衣的核型为2B,其余品种的核型类型为2A. 相似文献
2.
《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(1)
采用常规压片方法,对5种国外引进的水仙体细胞染色体数目和核型进行了分析.结果表明:5种水仙材料中有二倍体1种,三倍体和四倍体各2种,核型公式分别为2n=4x=28=8m+16sm+4st(‘苏娅’)、2n=3x=30=7m+17sm+5st+1t(‘小燕子’)、2n=3x=21=4m+13sm+4st(‘普韦布洛’)、2n=4x=28=8m+15sm+4st+1t(‘胡德山’)和2n=2x=17=1m+9sm+7st(SAT)(‘温斯特丘吉尔’).5种水仙染色体数目和核型分析结果不仅可以为其分类提供细胞学依据,同时也为利用这些品种资源选育新品种提供指导. 相似文献
3.
对牛角辣椒‘绿龙9号’,朝天椒‘天鹰’,小果番茄‘绿玛瑙’,圆形茄‘快青’,野生茄‘红刺茄’和‘托鲁巴姆’的染色体核型进行了分析和比较。结果表明:染色体数均为2n=2x=24,且均具有1对带随体的染色体;染色体长度茄子约在3～5μm、辣椒约在5～7μm、番茄约在2～4μm;辣椒‘绿龙9号’和‘天鹰’的核型公式分别为2n=2x=24=18m+4sm(2SAT)+2st和2n=2x=24=18m(2SAT)+6sm,核型类别分属2B和2A;番茄‘绿玛瑙’的核型公式为2n=2x=24=14m(2SAT)+8sm+2st,核型类别属2C;茄子‘快青’的核型公式为2n=2x=24=20m+4sm(2SAT),核型类别属2A;野生茄‘红刺茄’和‘托鲁巴姆’的核型公式分别为2n=2x=24=20m(2SAT)+4sm和2n=2x=24=22m(2SAT)+2sm,核型类别分属2A和1A。 相似文献
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5.
采用染色体压片技术对薯蓣属(Dioscorea)4种植物进行核型研究。结果显示小花盾叶薯蓣(Dparviflora CTTing)的染色体数目为2n=2x=20,核型公式K(2n)=20=8m+12sm;盾叶薯蓣(野生种)(Dzingiberensis CH Wright)的染色体数目为2n=2x=20,核型公式K(2n)=20=14m+6sm;盾叶薯蓣(Dzingiberensis CH Wright)栽培株系A-02-6的染色体数目为2n=4x=40,核型公式K(2n)=40=20m+18sm+2st;黄独(Dbulbifera L)的染色体数目为2n=8x=80,核型公式K(2n）=80=34m +46sm;山药(薯蓣Dopposita Thunb)的染色体数目为2n=14x+4=144,核型公式K（2n）=144=57m+84sm+3st。结果表明：薯蓣属是染色体数目和倍性复杂并且存在许多多倍体的植物群,核型上也存在一定差异。 相似文献
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利用细胞学方法观察十字花科12种植物的染色体和核型:菘蓝(Isatis tinctoria),2n=2x=22=20m+2sm;绵果荠(Lachnoloma lehmannii),2n=2x=14=8m (2SAT) +6sm;团扇荠(Berteroa incana),2n=2x=16=16m;扭果花旗杆(Dontostemon elegans),2n=2x=14=6m+8sm;无茎光籽芥(Leiospsra exsca pa),2n=2x=14=8m+6sm;对枝芥(Cithareloma vernum),2n=2x=12=8m+4sm;爪花芥(Oreoioma violaceum),2n=4x=28=28m;棱果糖芥(Erysi mum siliculosum),2n=2x=14=14m;绒毛假蒜芥(Sisymbriopsis mollipila),2n=2x=14=8m+6sm;甘新念珠芥(Neotorularia korolkovi),2n=2x=14=14m;中亚羽裂叶荠(Sophiopsis annua),2n=2x=12=12m;芹叶荠(Smelowskia cal ycina)2n=2x=12=12m.并分析了染色体数目、随体数目和位置、核型公式、核型类型、臂比、相对长度、核型不对称系数等内容,可作为细胞学证据. 相似文献
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为巨菌草的种质鉴定、遗传育种和亲缘关系提供一定的细胞学基础,采用传统压片法,对象草(Pennisetum purpureum schumach)和巨菌草〔Pennisetum giganteum z.x.lin(暂定名)〕的染色体数目及核型进行分析。结果表明:象草和巨菌草的染色体形态较为一致,大部分由中部(m)和近中部(sm)着丝粒的染色体组成,象草和巨菌草的核型公式分别为2n=4x=28=20m+8sm和2n=4x=28=16m+8sm+4st;染色体相对长度组成分别为2n=4x=28=6L+6M2+10M1+6S和2n=4x=28=4L+8M2+10 M1+6S,染色体基数和总数目一致,核型分类均为2A型,不对称系数为58%~60%,均属于较原始的类型。结论:象草和巨菌草的的染色体无明显差异性,从细胞染色体水平上认为两者亲缘关系较近。 相似文献
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【目的】研究生长于青藏高原东缘的风毛菊属(Saussurea DC.)植物风毛菊(S.japonica)4个居群的染色体数目和核型。【方法】利用常规压片技术,对4个风毛菊居群的染色体数目和核型进行分析。【结果】4个风毛菊居群的染色体数目和核型为,迭部腊子口居群为2n=2x=28=16m+12sm,卓尼旗布寺居群为2n=2x=28=20m+8st,车巴沟居群为2n=2x=28=20m+4sm+4st,尼巴乡居群为2n=2x=28=22m+6sm,核型均属2A型。其中,卓尼旗布寺居群较其他3个居群进化地位更高。【结论】在4个风毛菊居群的染色体中均未发现B染色体和随体,且均为二倍体;这4个居群在核型上存在一定分化,可能是由所处生境不同造成的。 相似文献
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采用常规压片的方法对3种报春花属(Primula)植物的染色体数及核型进行分析。体细胞有丝分裂中期染色体数及核型分别为：滇海水仙花(Primula pseudodenticulata Pax),2n=2x=2m+4sm+10st;核型类型为3A;滇北球花报春(Primula denticulata ssp. sinodenticulata),2n=2x=4m+16sm+2st,核型类型为3A;无粉头序报春(Primula capitata subsp. sphaerocephala),2n=2x=4m+10sm+4st,核型类型为3B。 相似文献
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【研究目的】本研究旨在通过细胞学鉴定判断小麦属2个种间杂种的真实性,了解其亲本的染色体组及倍数性;【方法】本试验采用了常规染色体组型分析方法;【结果】分析和报道了小麦属2个种间杂种及其3个亲本的核型,根据核型分析的有关参数,阐明了两个杂种1894×Ps5、新7×Ps5及其亲本新7、1894和Ps5的核型特征,其核型分别为:新7(2n=6x=42):2M 12sm 28m(2SAT)(2B),1894(2n=6x=42):2M 20sm 18m(2SAT) 2st(2B),Ps5(2n=4x=28):2M 12sm(2SAT) 12m 2st(2B),1894×Ps5(2n=5x=35):2M 19m 12sm 2st(2B),新7×Ps5(2n=5x=35):1M 21m 13sm(2B);【结论】由此鉴定了2个杂种的真实性--均为真杂种,并确认了亲本新7和1894的第一套和第二套染色体均分别为A组和B组,倍数性均为6x,它们的第三套染色体属什么染色体组有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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采用扫描电镜,对刺玫月季育种中使用的5个杂交亲本和3个F_1杂种花粉,进行观察和研究。通过对花粉形态的比较研究,讨论花粉败育对刺玫月季育种的影响,及亲本与杂交种在花粉外壁纹饰上的相关性。 相似文献
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培育刺玫月季新品种的初步研究(Ⅰ)——月季远缘杂交不亲和性与不育性的探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
运用远缘杂交的方法,培养以离抗性为特点的刺玫月季品种群,是我们的目标和愿望。连续3年用现代月季品种与中国原产的蔷薇属植物杂交,共采用121个杂交组合,授粉1645朵花,获得913粒杂种种子,成苗54株,有可能成为建立刺玫月季品种群的第一批品种基础。在了解亲本授粉结实习性基础上,采用不同的授粉方法进行试验,同时观察了花粉在柱头上萌发、生长等情况,发现影响结实率的主要因子是亲本个体的差异,杂交组合的亲和力也很重要。还研究了杂种种子败育与成苗情况,讨论了提高结实率和加速育种进程的途径。 相似文献
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《农业科学学报》2010,(11)
Elytrigia Desv. is widely distributed throughout the world and is represented with species of various levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids, hexaploids, octaploids, and decaploids. The distribution pattern of these ploidy levels, however, is not well-defined. In this study, the levels of ploidy for 64 accessions of Elytrigia from 25 countries were determined with microscopic procedures. The results showed that accessions of E. intermedia and E. repens were grouped into three distinct levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids and hexaploids. For E. elongata, E. pontica, and E. caespitosa, it was found that two ploidy levels presented, and only one ploidy level was in those of E. hybrid, E. pycnantha, E. pungens, E. juncea, and E. alatavica. Karyotype analysis indicated that the karyotype formula of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid of E. intermedia was 2n = 2x = 14 = 6m + 6sm + 2st, 2n = 4x = 28 = 2M + 10m + 16sm and 2n = 6x = 42 = 4M + 18m + 20sm, respectively. Furthermore, the karyotype formula of three germplasms in tetraploid of E. intermedia was 2n = 4x = 28 = 2M + 10m + 16sm, 2n = 4x = 28 = 4M + 22m (sat) + 2sm and 2n = 4x = 28 = 4M + 12m + 12sm (sat), which were not completely uniform. Therefore, it could be suggested that the studies about chromosome constitution would be helpful for the detail understanding of the diversity of germplasm resource in Elytrigia and promoting the utilization in the crop molecular breeding. 相似文献
14.
Elytrigia Desv.is widely distributed throughout the world and is represented with species of various levels of ploidy including diploids,tetraploids,hexaploids,octaploids,and decaploids.The distribution pattern of these ploidy levels,however,is not well-defined.In this study,the levels of ploidy for 64 accessions of Elytrigia from 25 countries were determined with microscopic procedures.The results showed that accessions of E.intermedia and E.repens were grouped into three distinct levels of ploidy including diploids,tetraploids and hexaploids.For E.elongata,E.pontica,and E.caespitosa,it was found that two ploidy levels presented,and only one ploidy level was in those of E.hybrid,E.pycnantha,E.pungens,E.juncea,and E.alatavica.Karyotype analysis indicated that the karyotype formula of diploid,tetraploid and hexaploid of E.intermedia was 2n=2x=14=6m+6sin+2st,2n=4x=28=2M+10m+16sm and 2n=6x=42=4M+18m+20sm,respectively.Furthermore,the karyotype formula of three germplasms in tetraploid of E.intermedia was 2n=4x=28=2M+10m+16sm,2n=4x=28=4M+22m(sat)+2sm and 2n=4x=28=4M+12m+12sm(sat),which were not completely uniform.Therefore,it could be suggested that the studies about chromosome constitution would be helpful for the detail understanding of the diversity of germplasm resource in Elytrigia and promoting the utilization in the crop molecular breeding. 相似文献
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利用染色体常规压片法,对毛百合(2n=2x=24)×布鲁拉诺(2n=4x=48)杂交后代核型进行了研究。结果表明：杂交后代MB70-48染色体数为2n=2x=24,而MB70-30、MB72-6、MB71-5染色体数为2n=3x=36。毛百合核型公式为2n=2x=24=2m+4sm+12st+6t,布鲁拉诺核型公式为2... 相似文献
16.
MAO Pei-sheng HUANG Ying WANG Xin-guo MENG Lin MAO Pei-cbun ZHANG Guo-fang 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2010,9(11):1553-1560
Elytrigia Desv. is widely distributed throughout the world and is represented with species of various levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids, hexaploids, octaploids, and decaploids. The distribution pattern of these ploidy levels, however, is not well-defined. In this study, the levels of ploidy for 64 accessions of Elytrigia from 25 countries were determined with microscopic procedures. The results showed that accessions of E. intermedia and E. repens were grouped into three distinct levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids and hexaploids. For E. elongata, E. pontica, and E. caespitosa, it was found that two ploidy levels presented, and only one ploidy level was in those of E. hybrid, E. pycnantha, E. pungens, E. juncea, and E. alatavica. Karyotype analysis indicated that the karyotype formula of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid of E. intermedia was 2n = 2x = 14 = 6m ＋ 6sm ＋ 2st, 2n = 4x = 28 = 2M ＋ 10m ＋ 16sm and 2n = 6x = 42 = 4M ＋ 18m ＋ 20sin, respectively. Furthermore, the karyotype formula of three germplasms in tetraploid of E. intermedia was 2n=4x=28 =2M＋ 10m＋ 16sm, 2n=4x=28=4M＋22m （sat）＋2sm and 2n=4x=28 =4M＋ 12m＋ 12sm （sat）, which were not completely uniform. Therefore, it could be suggested that the studies about chromosome constitution would be helpful for the detail understanding of the diversity of germplasm resource in Elytrigia and promoting the utilization in the crop molecular breeding. 相似文献
17.
我们观察研究了燕麦属(Avena)中不同倍性三个种的染色体数目和核型。结果如下:砂燕麦Avena strigosa为二倍体,2n=2X=14,核型公式是2n=2X=14=10m+4sm(2SAT),核型类型为2A;野生大燕麦Avena magna为四倍体2n=4X=28,核型公式是2n=4X=28=16m+12Sm(2SAT),核型类型为2A;裸燕麦(莜麦)Avena nuda为六倍体2n=6X=42,核型公式是2n=6X=42=22m+20sm(2SAT),核型类型为2B。从核型结果中可以看出,多倍化是三个种进化重要趋势,随着倍性的增加,核型的不对称性也增加。 相似文献
18.
为狼尾草属种质资源的多样性保护、利用及遗传育种研究提供理论依据,采用常规压片法对杂交狼尾草和桂牧1号杂交象草的染色体数目及核型进行分析。结果表明:2种牧草的染色体基数为x=7,均为3倍体,染色体数目为2n=21条。杂交狼尾草的核型公式2n=3x=21=18m(6SAT)+3sm,染色体相对长度组成I.R.L=6S+3M1+6M2+6L,第1组和第5组染色体含有随体;桂牧1号杂交象草核型公式2n=3x=21=3m+18sm,染色体相对长组成I.R.L=6S+6M1+3M2+6L,未发现随体。杂交狼尾草和桂牧1号杂交象草核型不对称系数分别为60.79%和65.06%,分别属于1B型和2B型,桂牧1号杂交象草的进化程度高于杂交狼尾草。 相似文献
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以报春刺玫、单瓣黄刺玫、‘月月粉’和疏花蔷薇等抗性强、早花的蔷薇属资源作为父本,以大田栽培的现代月季作为母本进行杂交育种试验。结合前期育种工作,筛选出杂交亲和的组合有22个：‘Eyeopener’×报春刺玫、‘Berk Shire’×单瓣黄刺玫、‘Sally Holmes’×单瓣黄刺玫、‘Partidge’×单瓣黄刺玫、‘Partidge’×报春刺玫、‘Partidge’ב月月粉’、 ‘Partidge’×疏花蔷薇、‘Cambridgeshire’×单瓣黄刺玫、‘Robin Redbreast’×报春刺玫、‘Summer Sunrise’×报春刺玫、‘Tess of The Durbervilles’×报春刺玫、‘Petal Pushers’×报春刺玫、‘Laura Ford ×单瓣黄刺玫、‘Jill Dando ×单瓣黄刺玫、‘Jill Dando ×报春刺玫、‘Twenty\|fifth ×报春刺玫、‘Phea Sant ×报春刺玫、‘Grouse ×单瓣黄刺玫、‘Grouse ×报春刺玫、‘Summer Sunset’×单瓣黄刺玫、‘Anna Zinkeisen ×单瓣黄刺玫、‘Anna Zinkeisen ×疏花蔷薇。 相似文献
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本文采用经改良的常规制片法，对上农香糯、上农黑糯０７、太湖糯、铁桂丰四个品种及其杂交后代选系进行染色体核型分析。试验表明，它们的体细胞染色体核型，都是２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２４，但核型形式略有不同。按臂比值而定的着丝点位置有两种类型，即中央着丝点（ｍ）染色体和近中着丝点（ｓｍ）染色体，因此它们均为对称染色体核型。１２对同源染色体中，有一对是随体染色体。 相似文献