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为研制苦豆籽粕-双歧杆菌合生元并寻求二者的最佳配比,试验采用2%、4%、6%、8%苦豆籽粕液体培养基分别进行了两歧双歧杆菌、鸡白痢沙门杆菌和大肠杆菌进行了体外生长影响研究.结果表明:6%苦豆籽粕对两歧双歧杆菌的增殖作用最明显,与对照组相比差异极显著(P＜0.01).2%、4%、6%苦豆籽粕对鸡白痢沙门杆菌生长的影响与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.05),对大肠杆菌生长的影响与对照组相比差异不显著(P＞0.05);8%苦豆籽粕对鸡白痢沙门杆菌生长的影响与对照组相比差异极显著(P＜0.01),对大肠杆菌生长的影响与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.05). 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮中添加尿素对肉兔生长发育与血液指标的影响.采用单因子随机区组试验设计,选择120只50日龄、体重相近的健康新西兰兔,随机分为4组,1个对照组和3个试验组,每组15个重复,每个重复2只.对照组饲喂粗蛋白质含量为11.11％的基础饲粮,3个试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中以糊化淀粉缓释尿素的方式添加1％、2％和3％尿素的试验饲粮.预试期为10 d,正试期为30 d.结果表明:试验第2天,3％尿素组80％试验兔因发生氨中毒而死亡.1％尿素组试验兔末重、增重和日增重均极显著高于对照组和2％尿素组(P＜0.01).与对照组相比,1％和2％尿素组试验兔全血氨氮含量、血清谷丙转氨酶活性显著或极显著升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而肝脏重和系数则显著或极显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).2％尿素组试验兔日干物质进食量、胴体重和屠宰率均极显著低于对照组和1％尿素组(P＜0.01),而料重比则极显著高于对照组和1％尿素组(P＜0.01).2％尿素组试验兔血清尿素氮含量以及谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性均极显著高于对照组和1％尿素组(P＜0.01).2％尿素组试验兔心脏、脾脏和肾脏重均显著低于对照组和1％尿素组(P＜0.05),而肾脏系数则极显著高于对照组和1％尿素组(P＜0.01).2％尿素组试验兔胃重、十二指肠重与长、空肠重与长、回肠重与长、盲肠重与系数、蚓突重与系数及长、大肠重与长显著或极显著低于对照组和1％尿素组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),且回肠系数及盲肠长显著或极显著低于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).由此得出,低蛋白质饲粮中添加3％的尿素会造成肉兔氨中毒死亡;添加2％的尿素会使肉兔生长发育停滞;添加1％的尿素可改善肉兔育肥性能,但会对肝脏的发育产生不利影响. 相似文献
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复合微生态制剂对肉鸡生产性能及空气质量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
试验选用EM生态制剂和复合酶制剂(酵母、根酶和乳酸菌)对肉鸡生产性能及空气质量的影响效果进行比较研究,探讨复合微生态制剂的应用效果.试验结果表明:试验Ⅰ组(在饲料中添加EM微生态制剂)增重速度较对照组明显,差异显著(P＜0.05),试验Ⅱ组(在饲料中添加EM微生态制剂)增重速度高于对照组,但差异不显著(P＞0.05).复合微生态制剂可提高饲料利用率,差异不显著(P＞0.05).试验组降低NH3效果明显,较对照组差异极显著(P＜0.01);试验组降低圈舍内H2S差异显著(P＜0.05),试验组可降低圈舍内CO2的含量,但差异不显著(P＞0.05). 相似文献
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采用缓释非蛋白氮膨化饲料添加剂饲喂乳牛,测定其对乳牛产乳量及乳质的影响.结果表明,试验组产乳量比对照组有明显增加(P＜0.05);试验Ⅱ组乳脂率比对照组增加明显,差异显著(P＜0.05),但试验Ⅰ组与对照组差异表现不显著;试验组乳蛋白比对照组均有明显增加,试验Ⅰ组表现为显著(P＜0.05),试验Ⅱ组表现为极显著(P＜0.01);其乳糖量,试验组比对照组也均有增加,其中试验Ⅰ组比对照组差异显著(P＜0.05),而试验Ⅱ组比对照组差异极显著(P＜0.001);试验组的干物质均比对照组有明显增加,其差异极显著(P＜0.01).缓释非蛋白氮膨化饲料添加剂不仅可以提高乳牛产乳量,而且更能提高乳的质量;添加剂Ⅱ号(试验Ⅱ组)对乳质量的影响明显好于添加剂Ⅰ号(试验Ⅰ组). 相似文献
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中药对肉仔鸡脂质代谢及肉品质的影响 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13
将120只1周龄肉仔鸡随机分成4组,每组30只,前3组(试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组)分别喂以含1%的3种不同中药组方的饲粮,第Ⅳ组为对照组,只喂基础日粮.试验期6周.结果(1)与对照组相比,Ⅰ组血清TC、LDL-C极显著下降(P＜0.01);Ⅱ组血清TC、LDL-C极显著下降(P＜0.01),TG也下降(P＜0.05),HDL-C显著升高(P＜0.01);Ⅲ组血清LDL-C极显著下降(P＜0.01),HDL-C则显著升高(P＜0.01);试验Ⅰ～Ⅲ组血清总脂都极显著下降(P＜0.01);与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅰ组血清LDL-C、Ⅲ组TC存在显著差异(P＜0.01).(2)与对照组相比,胸肌组织中,各试验组TG极显著下降(P＜0.01),Ⅱ组TC显著下降(P＜0.05);腿肌中,各组TC显著下降(P＜0.05),TG下降极显著(P＜0.01);肝脏中各组TC、TG均极显著下降(P＜0.01);与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅰ组肝TG差异极显著(P＜0.01);Ⅲ组胸肌TG、肝TG有显著差异性(P＜0.05).(3)7周龄末鸡体重与对照组相比,Ⅱ组差异极显著(P＜0.01),Ⅲ组差异显著(P＜0.05);Ⅱ组料肉比比对照组极显著下降(P＜0.01).(4)肌肉中的营养成分,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组腿肌中粗脂肪比对照组极显著下降(P＜0.01),Ⅱ组腿肌中粗蛋白含量显著升高(P＜0.01).结论中药组方能不同程度地调整鸡脂质代谢,提高生产性能和改善鸡肉品质.在3个不同中药组方中,综合效果Ⅱ方最优. 相似文献
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添加中草药对饲料蛋白质消化率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验采用体外消化法研究添加不同剂量的两种中草药对饲料蛋白质消化率的影响.选用陈皮、山楂两种中草药,然后在体外环境下模拟猪胃肠道消化环境进行测定.结果表明:(1)添加中草药陈皮A组(0.5%)和C组(1%)的消化残渣蛋白质质量和粗蛋白质消化率与对照组相比差异极显著(P＜0.01),而B组(0.75%)与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.05).(2)添加中草药山楂D组(0.5%)、E组(0.75%)、F组(1%)三个组的消化残渣蛋白质质量和粗蛋白质消化率与对照组相比差异极显著(P＜0.01).(3)山楂的效果明显好于陈皮,且山楂添加量为0.75%时最好. 相似文献
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以生长獭兔为对象,研究了日粮中添加不同浓度的"健兔散"对增重、屠宰性能、肉品品质和毛皮品质的影响.结果表明:每千克日粮添加10g、20g、30g的"健兔散",试验兔平均日增重分别比对照组提高15.47%(P＜0.05)、25.88%(P＜0.01)、24.12%(P＜0.01).料重比分别比对照组降低了13.41%、22.03%和20.15%.20g、30g添加组均可显著提高日粮粗蛋白质消化率(P＜0.05).20g添加组可极显著提高日粮粗脂肪的消化率(P＜0.01),30g添加组可显著提高粗脂肪的消化率(P＜0.05).不同添加量对獭兔屠宰性能、肌肉品质、毛皮品质均无显著影响,其中熟肉率、皮张面积、被毛密度有增加趋势,但各组间差异不显著(P＜0.05). 相似文献
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抗菌肽制剂对芦花鸡胸肌肉质性状、游离氨基酸及微量元素含量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文旨在探讨抗菌肽制剂对芦花鸡胸肌肉质性状、游离氨基酸及微量元素含量的影响.试验采用单因子设计方案,选取1日龄健康芦花鸡450只,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复50只鸡(公母各占1/2).Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加抗菌肽及抗菌肽+酵母菌制剂的试验饲粮,试验期90 d.结果表明:1)Ⅱ、Ⅲ组芦花鸡胸肌滴水损失较Ⅰ组有降低趋势,但差异不显著(P＞0.05),肌纤维直径均较Ⅰ组极显著降低(P＜0.01).Ⅱ组肌纤维密度较Ⅰ组显著提高(P＜0.05),Ⅲ组较Ⅰ组极显著提高(P＜0.01).2)Ⅱ、Ⅲ组胸肌必需氨基酸含量和游离氨基酸总量与对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05).3)Ⅱ、Ⅲ组胸肌硒含量均较Ⅰ组有极显著的提高(P＜0.01),Ⅲ组亦显著提高了锰含量(P＜0.05),对其他微量元素含量无显著影响(P＞0.05).综上所述,抗菌肽+酵母菌制剂对芦花鸡胸肌肉质性状、游离氨基酸及微量元素含量的作用效果较好,且优于单独使用抗菌肽. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮中添加尿素对肉兔消化代谢的影响.采用单因子随机区组试验设计,选择90只50日龄体重相近的健康新西兰兔,随机分为3组,1个对照组和2个试验组,每组15个重复,每个重复2只.对照组饲喂粗蛋白质含量为11.11％的基础饲粮,2个试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中以糊化淀粉缓释尿素的方式添加1％、2％和3％尿素的试验饲粮.预试期为10 d,正试期为30 d.正试期的第13～18天收集试验兔排出的全部粪便和尿液.结果表明:与对照组相比,1％尿素组试验兔的有机物表观消化率、总能表观消化率及利用率、沉积氮、氮利用率和消化氮利用率显著或极显著升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而2％尿素组试验兔的消化能、代谢能、沉积氮、氮利用率和消化氮利用率显著或极显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).对照组试验兔盲肠内容物脲酶活性和微生物蛋白浓度显著或极显著低于其余2组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而2％尿素组试验兔盲肠内容物氨氮和尿素氮浓度显著或极显著高于其余2组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).由此得出,低蛋白质饲粮中添加1％尿素可改善肉兔有机物、总能和氮的利用效率,提高盲肠内容物脲酶活性和微生物蛋白浓度;添加2％尿素则会降低肉兔氮的利用效率,提高盲肠内容物脲酶活性及微生物蛋白、氨氮和尿素氮浓度. 相似文献
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沙拉沙星对实验性猪链球菌病及猪水肿病的药效学 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将兽医专用氟喹诺酮类药物沙拉沙星以不同治疗方案分别对实验性猪链球菌病和猪水肿病进行药效学研究。在每天总剂量相同的情况下 ,每天 1次与每天 2次给药取得了较好而相似的疗效 (P>0 .0 5 ) :对猪链球菌病 ,每天总剂量为 10 m g/ kg时 ,肌注给药的治愈率分别为 10 0 %和 90 %,但在迅速改善临床症状方面 ,每天 1次给药优于每天 2次(P<0 .0 5 ) ;对猪水肿病 ,每天总剂量为 5 mg/ kg时 ,肌注给药的治愈率均为 10 0 %。结果表明 ,在总剂量相同时 ,以大剂量、长间隔与以较小剂量、短间隔治疗实验性猪链球菌病与猪水肿病 ,均取得相当的疗效。 相似文献
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复合菌剂对仔猪腹泻和生产性能影响的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了探讨复合菌剂对仔猪腹泻和生产性能的影响，选择在哺乳仔猪和断奶仔猪日粮中活加复合菌，结果表明，添加复合菌剂可显著提高仔猪增重和饲料报酬（Ｐ〈０．０５），极显著地降低仔猪腹淀率（Ｐ〈０．０１）。 相似文献
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环丙沙星对实验性猪支原体性肺炎的药效学研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
测定环丙沙星及对照药物对猪肺炎支原体的最小抑菌浓度，其中环丙沙星的抗支原体活性最强，最小抑菌浓度为0．01μg/ml。通过给18头健康猪气管内接种含有猪肺炎支原体的病肺悬液，复制具有典型症状的猪支原体性肺炎疾病模型，并进行环丙沙星2．5、5．0mg/kg肌注给药对实验性猪支原体性肺炎的疗效实验及血浆药物浓度监测，两组治愈率分别为83．3％（5／6）和100％（6／6）。治疗组多剂量给药期间，第1、3、5、7、9次给药后0．5及6h的血浆药物浓度，在2．5mg/kg剂量组平均为0．41μg/ml和0．17μg/ml,5.0mg/kg剂量组平均为0．71μg/ml和0．28μg/ml。两剂量组环丙沙星均无蓄积作用。 相似文献
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沙拉沙星对实验性感染猪链球菌病及大肠杆菌病的药效学 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
为兽医临床合理应用沙拉星（Ｓarafloxacin）提供理论依据,就其对实验性感染猪链球菌 病及大肠杆菌病的药效学进行了研究。以试管２倍稀释法测得沙拉沙星对兰氏Ｃ群类马链球菌（Ｃ５５１２０）和猪大肠杆菌（Ｏ５５）的最小抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ）分别是０．８mg/Ｌ及０．０５mg/Ｌ。肌注给药对猪链球菌病和大肠杆菌病的试验性治疗结果不明,低、中 高剂量沙拉沙星组２．５、５、１０mg/kg）及环丙沙星组（５mg/kg）用药５d（每隔１２ 相似文献
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本试验采用U6（63）均匀设计，选取体重在11kg（杜×（长×大））三元杂交猪84头，按性别体重随机分为7个处理组，每纽2个重复，每个重复6头，探讨微胶囊包裹复合微生态制剂按不同比例组合后再按不同的添加比例对保育猪生产性能的影响。通过30d的初步试验，结果表明：试验四组日增重明显高于对照组差异显著（P〈0．05）和其他各组；日采食量差异不显著（P〉0．05）。同时，平均料重比（饲料利用率）优于一、二、三组，但与对照组相比，但差异不显著。表明微胶囊包裹复合微生态制剂按不同比例复配、添加，能显著提高保育猪的采食量和生长速度。并确定了使保育猪生长性能达到最佳的水平的微生态组合范围，为养殖生产提供了依据。 相似文献
16.
在高温季节,选择体重相近,体质外貌相似,生产性能相近,泌乳量为10-15 kg健康牛20头。采用单因素对比试验方法将20头奶牛随机分为四组,研究添加不同抗热应激剂对奶牛血液、乳和毛中微量元素影响,结果表明:日粮中添加维生素C,血中Zn的含量与对照组比较,差异显著(P<0．01),Cr、Se的量明显高于对照组(P<0．05)。添加复合抗热应激剂,血液中Fe的含量明显高于对照组(P<0．05),Cr含量比对照组高出2倍,差异极显著(P< 0．01),Co含量明显减少(P<0．01)。添加中草药抗热应激添加剂,血液中Fc、Se的含量明显高于对照组(P<0．05),毛Cr含量比对照组高出2倍,差异极显著(P<0．01)。乳中Zn、Cr呈下降趋势,差异显著(P<0．01)。毛Cr的含量各组均比对照组有增加,差异极显著(P<0．01), Se、Mn、Co含量明显减少(P<0．05)。 相似文献
17.
Tanigawa M Sawada T 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(10):513-518
The bactericidal effects of amoxicillin at below minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae NB001 were studied in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, the efficacy of amoxicillin on experimentally induced A. pleuropneumoniae infection in disease-free pigs was evaluated. Nine pigs were divided into three groups and all three groups were housed in the same room. Group I pigs were given long-acting amoxicillin injection 22 h prior to A. pleuropneumoniae challenge. Group II pigs were also A. pleuropneumoniae challenged but not given long-acting amoxicillin. Group III pigs were not treated. In vitro, A. pleuropneumoniae growth was suppressed in porcine blood with amoxicillin at below MIC. In vivo, clinical signs of disease were absent or mild in group I during 50 h post-challenge, and serum amoxicillin concentration was already less than MIC from 15 h post-challenge. Infected group II controls were severely affected by the infection, and mortality reached 100% within 50 h post-challenge. All non-treated pigs in group III became infected with NB001 from infected control pigs, and they displayed severe clinical signs of disease within 24 h post-challenge of groups I and II, and died within 50 h post-challenge of groups I and II. 相似文献
18.
Hathaway MR Dayton WR White ME Henderson TL Young DA Doan TN 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(12):3208-3214
This study was conducted to determine whether an antimicrobially induced (ASP-250) increase in serum IGF-I was the result of differences in feed intake. Serum IGF-I concentrations were measured in crossbred pigs that were fed a control diet or a diet supplemented with ASP-250 either for ad libitum consumption or limited to 85% of the control pigs' consumption. The pigs that consumed either diet ad libitum, control or ASP-250, consumed similar quantities of feed. The ASP-250 ad libitum-intake pigs had serum IGF-I concentrations that were greater (P<.01) than those of their ad libitum-intake control littermates. Similarly, the ASP-250 limit-fed pigs had serum IGF-I concentrations that were greater (P<.01) than those of the controls. Although the serum IGF-I concentrations of pigs fed the ASP-250-supplemented diet for ad libitum intake were greater than the serum IGF-I concentrations of the pigs limit-fed the ASP-250-supplemented diet, the differences were not significant (P<.08). The ASP-250-fed pigs had higher serum IGF binding protein (BP)-3 concentrations than did their control littermates (P<.003). A time course of antimicrobially induced alterations in serum IGF-I concentrations revealed that the effect of increased serum IGF-I levels in ASP-250-supplemented pigs (P<.02) was observed within 4 d and was maintained throughout the 4-wk study. These findings show that feed intake is not responsible for the increase in serum IGF-I observed with ASP-250 supplementation. Additionally, the antimicrobially induced increase in serum IGF-I concentrations occurs within a few days after initiation of the treatment. 相似文献
19.
Tanigawa M Sawada T 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2003,50(9):436-442
The pharmacodynamic effects of amoxicillin against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae at exposure concentration above and below minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the growth and morphological change of A. pleuropneumoniae in culture medium was observed. In vivo, the efficacy of amoxicillin on experimentally induced A. pleuropneumoniae infection in disease-free pigs was evaluated. Fifteen pigs were divided into three groups (n = 5 per group). After the onset of clinical respiratory disease symptoms, 6 h post-infection, amoxicillin sustained-release injectable formulation was injected intramuscularly at 7.5 mg/kg/day (group I) and 15 mg/kg/day (group II). Then the serum concentration of amoxicillin was measured. An untreated infected group served as controls. In each amoxicillin administration group, if symptoms were not absent after 48 h, the pig was injected with the amoxicillin sustained-release injectable formulation again using the same dosage. In vitro, the growth of A. pleuropneumoniae inhibited by amoxicillin exposure at the concentration above the MIC (1.28 x MIC), and the inhibition time was in directly proportion to the time of amoxicillin exposure. Moreover, all the cells were lysed. Whereas the bacterial growth inhibition at the amoxicillin exposure concentration below the MIC (0.25 x MIC) was not done, and the shape of cells were normal or long filamentous. In vivo, the group I clinical and pathological score was higher than the group II, and the group I weight gain was significantly less than the group II. Performance with respect to weight gain corresponded with clinical signs. The infected control group was severely affected with an 80% (4/5) mortality rate 24-96 h post-challenge. The duration of time above MIC (T > MIC) of serum amoxicillin concentration in the group I was less than group II. The present studies suggest that amoxicillin has exposure time-dependent bactericidal activity against A. pleuropneumoniae. 相似文献
20.
The pharmacodynamic effects of amoxicillin against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae at exposure concentration above and below minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the growth and morphological change of A. pleuropneumoniae in culture medium was observed. In vivo, the efficacy of amoxicillin on experimentally induced A. pleuropneumoniae infection in disease‐free pigs was evaluated. Fifteen pigs were divided into three groups (n = 5 per group). After the onset of clinical respiratory disease symptoms, 6 h post‐infection, amoxicillin sustained‐release injectable formulation was injected intramuscularly at 7.5 mg/kg/day (group I) and 15 mg/kg/day (group II). Then the serum concentration of amoxicillin was measured. An untreated infected group served as controls. In each amoxicillin administration group, if symptoms were not absent after 48 h, the pig was injected with the amoxicillin sustained‐release injectable formulation again using the same dosage. In vitro, the growth of A. pleuropneumoniae inhibited by amoxicillin exposure at the concentration above the MIC (1.28 × MIC), and the inhibition time was in directly proportion to the time of amoxicillin exposure. Moreover, all the cells were lysed. Whereas the bacterial growth inhibition at the amoxicillin exposure concentration below the MIC (0.25 × MIC) was not done, and the shape of cells were normal or long filamentous. In vivo, the group I clinical and pathological score was higher than the group II, and the group I weight gain was significantly less than the group II. Performance with respect to weight gain corresponded with clinical signs. The infected control group was severely affected with an 80% (4/5) mortality rate 24–96 h post‐challenge. The duration of time above MIC (T > MIC) of serum amoxicillin concentration in the group I was less than group II. The present studies suggest that amoxicillin has exposure time‐dependent bactericidal activity against A. pleuropneumoniae. 相似文献