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1.
2018年，非洲猪瘟给中国的养猪业造成了巨大的损失。为切断非洲猪瘟病毒传播途径，加强生猪运输环节非洲猪瘟防控生物安全管理，国家对生猪运输车辆监管提出了清洗消毒的要求。本文结合非洲猪瘟的病原学特性，阐述了养殖场运输车辆清洗消毒的关键控制点在于物理清洗、消毒剂的正确选用、高温消毒、运输人员消毒管控和智能控制，并提出了每个消毒环节的操作要求，为养殖场车辆的清洗消毒工作提供参考。 相似文献
2.
为了解山东省生猪养殖、流通、屠宰加工等环节中猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的污染状况,选取全省16个地市63个场点(17个养殖场、19个屠宰场、17辆生猪运输车辆以及10个车辆洗消中心),采集环境样品520份,采用荧光PCR方法进行PCV2病原检测。结果显示:各环节均有PCV2污染,其中养殖场、屠宰场、运输车辆、洗消中心的场点阳性率分别为5.88%、5.26%、5.88%和20.00%,样品阳性率分别为2.01%、1.68%、0.75%和2.90%;阳性样品主要来自养殖场的兽医室以及粪污、屠宰场待宰圈和洗消中心污水。结果表明,环境中的PCV2污染面较广,从生猪养殖、运输到屠宰各环节均有散播病毒的风险,其中兽医室、粪污、待宰圈、洗消污水的风险更高。因此,需要加强各环节的生物安全控制,重点防范病毒传播风险较高的环节。本研究解释了近年来国内PCV2感染率一直居高不下的原因,从而为PCV2污染控制提供了依据。 相似文献
3.
在当前非洲猪瘟疫情形势趋缓和大力恢复生猪产业背景下,为了解我国生猪养殖现状及遇到的问题,以便更好地防控非洲猪瘟,加快恢复生产,2019年8—9月,自行设计调查问卷,结合现场座谈交流,对湖南、河南、重庆、辽宁、安徽等5个省(直辖市)的15个县市196个生猪养殖场(户)开展了调查。结果显示:至2019年9月,调查县市生猪养猪场(户)数较疫情发生前年份减少了50%～80%,生猪饲养模式转变为以自繁自养为主;整体生物安全措施实施率为83.2%,但年出栏500头以下中小规模养殖场(户)的实施率不足70%;被调查生猪养猪场(户)对非洲猪瘟主要传播途径和主要临床症状全部知晓的比例分别为75.0%和73.3%;非洲猪瘟疫情发生以来,88.5%的被调查养猪场(户)防治投入增加,平均每头增加约40元(20～100元);育肥猪、母猪死亡率中值分别为3.0%、5.9%。结果表明:非洲猪瘟疫情对我国各地养殖场(户)的生猪饲养模式产生了较大影响,单纯育肥模式相对减少;养殖场(户)生物安全防护意识、防控知识知晓率明显提高,但小规模养殖场(户)仍存在不足。调查提示,应强化推进规范化养殖场建设,进一步加强对非洲猪瘟防控的宣传与培训。 相似文献
4.
为切实贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于加强非洲猪瘟防控工作的意见》及省、市、区有关非洲猪瘟等重大动物疫病“大清洗、大消毒”专项行动相关工作要求,切实加强清洗、消毒等防控措施落实到位,积极鼓励花溪区养殖场(户)、屠宰场做好全面消杀工作,经精心组织安排,在花溪区全区范围内开展“大清洗、大消毒”专项行动,笔者作为此次专项行动主要负责人,督促指导辖区内养殖场(户)和屠宰场认真开展清洗大消毒,各项措施及时落地并见效,大大降低了非洲猪瘟等重大动物疫情发生和传播的风险,使得花溪区动物疫情防控工作取得较大成效。 相似文献
5.
为了解山东省毛皮动物(水貂、狐狸和貉子)养殖场户生物安全措施实施情况,采用电子问卷调查法,从养殖场户基本信息、场内分区情况、饲料种类、防疫措施、消毒措施、饲养管理(饮水、繁殖、免疫等)等方面进行问卷调查。本次调查回收有效问卷105份,涉及种用场、商品代场、散养户;被调查场户中,仅53.3%能做到办公区、生产区、生活区分开管理;以自配饲料为主,禽产品和海产品是主要饲料原料;大部分场户有全场消毒意识,但具体措施不完善;对动物胴体的无害化处理意识淡薄。调查表明,山东省毛皮动物养殖场户的生物安全意识较高,但是认识还不全面,在场区设计、消毒以及饲养管理、无害化处理等方面还存在一些安全漏洞。因此,毛皮动物养殖场户须加强生物安全控制,进一步提高对生物安全相关技术的认识。 相似文献
6.
2019年5月,宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市惠农区发生的一起非洲猪瘟疫情。为追溯疫情来源,分析疫情扩散风险,以现场调查、追踪调查、座谈、采样检测等方式进行了流行病学调查。调查显示,生猪贩运人员和车辆交叉感染导致疫情发生的可能性较高,不排除流浪犬以及废品杂物等传入疫情的风险,疫情扩散风险较低。由此,建议当地加大非洲猪瘟防控知识宣传,促进养殖场户提升生物安全水平,加强人员、物品、车辆的清洗消毒,规范生猪和生猪产品的跨地区调运、产地检疫、运输车辆备案管理以及相关场所和车辆的清洗消毒。此起疫情的调查结果对该地区非洲猪瘟防控具有一定参考意义。 相似文献
7.
《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2020,(4)
本研究对10个畜禽养殖场(户)在配套齐全紫外灯、雾化器和喷水器消毒设施前后3个批次畜禽养殖防疫情况进行统计分析,比较配套应用光雾水消毒设施前后场内生物安全防疫情况。试验结果显示:有9个畜禽养殖场(户)平均疫病感染率显著降低,其中1个差异不显著但也明显降低;有6个畜禽养殖场(户)平均存活率显著提高,4个差异不显著但有明显提高。研究也通过调查156个畜禽养殖场(户)配套光雾水消毒设施情况和配套应用光雾水消毒设施后对场内生物安全防疫的影响,调查结果显示:156个畜禽养殖场(户)中有118个配套有光雾水消毒设施;同时据配套应用光雾水消毒设施场(户)反馈:此配套模式消毒效果明显、经济实用、操作便捷、消毒彻底,可实现全场进出物料、人员、车辆、器械设备等全面消毒,大大降低了防疫风险和提高生物安全防控能力。 相似文献
8.
为了解山东省家禽养殖场的生物安全水平,以问卷调查方式,对养殖场基本信息、场内区域划分、免疫接种、引种购进、消毒、饲养管理等问题展开调查。经预调查后,2021年6—7月在全省范围内开展本次调查。在全省16个地级市,采用随机抽样方式,每地级市抽检1~2个县(市、区);应用配额采样方式,在县市域内选取蛋鸡养殖场、肉鸡养殖场以及种禽场各1家。共收到有效问卷141份,分别来自12个地级市36个县(市、区),其中来自蛋鸡养殖场、肉鸡养殖场和种禽场占比分别为63.83%、26.95%和9.22%。所调查养殖场中,按照管理区、生产区、生活区进行区域划分的133家,一半以上的养殖场能做到每周至少消毒1次;137家养殖场有免疫计划,而无免疫计划的只有4家,包括蛋鸡场1家、肉鸡场3家。肉鸡场没有隔离场所的占比最高,达44.7%。106家养殖场对患病动物进行无害化处理。结果表明,所调查家禽养殖场在区域划分、区域管理、消毒管理、环境控制等生物安全方面都进行了相关的设计和应用,在一定程度上,能够起到预防致病因子侵入、阻挡病原微生物扩散的作用,但不同类型养殖场的生物安全水平并不均衡,因此养殖场需继续提高生物安全意识,逐步建立适用于本场的生物安全体系。 相似文献
9.
在非洲猪瘟仍无有效疫苗可用的防控形势下，生物安全措施是最经济、最有效的动物疫病防控手段。为了解北京市某区生猪养殖场生物安全状况，提出针对性改善措施，组织人员对某区34个生猪养殖场进行了生物安全状况调查，设置了40个评估项。通过问卷调查、现场走访、材料核实、数据分析、风险评估发现：与周边村庄等人口聚集区之间的距离、与周边主干道的距离、养殖场门口和围墙防疫条件、人员进场管理和消毒制度、入生产区人员隔离消毒通道、生物安全分区及管理、出猪过程的人员隔离要求等7个评估项合格率低于60%;58.8%的被调查场为生物安全高风险场，41.2%为中风险场；存在外部生物安全环境复杂、场区布局不合理、未按生物安全等级分区管控、生物安全屏障措施不到位等问题，并相应提出了针对性措施。本调查可为相关企业和管理部门开展养殖场生物安全管理提供参考。 相似文献
10.
2019年2月25~26日,就非洲猪瘟对生猪生产影响问题,赴陕西进行调研。调研选取了一个疫区县—鄠邑区和一个非疫区县—兴平县。通过召集不同规模生猪养殖场户、经纪人座谈、走访屠宰场等方式,就陕西省当前生猪生产情况及面临的问题和困难进行了调研。总体来看,育肥场户补栏积极性较高,仔猪供不应求,但母猪存栏明显下降,生猪产能降低。中大型养殖场户对疫情仍有恐慌心理,母猪补栏有一定阻力。一、生猪产销情况1.生猪存栏下降。陕西省监测数据2018年12月,全省200个监测村和100个监测场生猪存栏36.84万头,环比下降3.9%,同比下降11.18%;能繁母猪存栏5.51万头,环比下降2.59%,同比下降17.34%。从调研情况看,疫区县存栏下降幅度大于非疫区县。其中,鄠邑区当前总存栏比3季度末减少4万头,其中,扑杀2万头,环保整治拆迁和疫情影响减栏2万头。兴平市当前存栏17.8万头,比3季度末下降16.8%,能繁母猪存栏下降15.4%。 相似文献
11.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献12.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
13.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献14.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
16.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献17.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
18.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献19.
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献