共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
1.
为配合酱酒产品开发,更好地使用特色药材无花果,研究无花果提取物的制备工艺。采用单因素试验和正交试验方法,确定无花果中总黄酮和粗多糖的最佳提取条件。结果表明,单因素试验考查最佳提取条件为提取溶剂70%乙醇,提取温度90℃,提取时间2 h,溶剂倍数中,10 mL/g和20 mL/g提取效果差别不是特别大,但从生产成本角度考虑,选择溶剂倍数为10 mL/g;正交试验确定无花果总黄酮和粗多糖最佳提取条件为料液比1∶15(g∶mL),60%乙醇,90℃下提取2次,1.5 h/次。通过验证试验,以总黄酮和粗多糖为综合指标,确定了无花果最佳提取条件。 相似文献
2.
超声波提取芦笋中多糖的工艺研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
探索微波辅助法提取芦笋总多糖的最佳工艺,为深入研究芦笋多糖提供技术支持。采用单因素实验和3因素3水平正交试验,采用微波辅助下的水提醇沉法提取水溶性粗多糖,经真空干燥后测定粗多糖得率,以评定多糖的提取工艺。结果显示,提取芦笋粗多糖的最佳工艺条件是:料液比为1∶40,温度为80℃,时间为30min。该条件下的粗多糖得率为3.012%。 相似文献
3.
《农产品加工．学刊》2020,(7)
以软枣猕猴桃为原料,采用水浸提法提取可溶性粗多糖,以料液比、提取温度、提取时间及浸提溶液的pH值等因素进行单因素试验,然后进行正交试验,并以酵母菌为对象,研究了软枣猕猴桃粗多糖对酵母菌抗紫外照射的保护作用。结果表明,软枣猕猴桃多糖的最佳提取工艺参数为料液比1∶25,提取温度90℃,提取时间3 h,提取溶液pH值为6.5～7.0。此条件下软枣猕猴桃粗多糖得率为45.62%。20%以上的软枣猕猴桃多糖可以显著提高紫外辐射后酵母菌的存活数量,说明软枣猕猴桃多糖对细胞具有辐射保护作用。 相似文献
4.
《农产品加工．学刊》2017,(10)
采用热水浸提法提取高良姜粗多糖,采用不同体积分数的乙醇沉淀高良姜粗多糖,并以高良姜粗多糖得率作为评价指标,确定粗多糖最佳醇沉体积分数,结果表明使用无水乙醇得到的高良姜粗多糖得率最高约为1.58%;采用体外模拟肠道超声波乳化法制备胆固醇胶束,按照胆固醇试剂盒法检测高良姜粗多糖结合胆固醇胶束能力,结果表明高良姜粗多糖对胆固醇胶束的结合率最高约为76.09%;使用紫外分光光度法测定高良姜粗多糖结合胆酸盐能力,结果表明其对牛磺胆酸钠的结合率约为70.18%,对水合胆酸钠的结合率约为79.55%,对甘氨胆酸钠的结合率约为83.04%。由此可见,高良姜粗多糖具有较好的体外降胆固醇效果。 相似文献
5.
利用热水浴法、微波超声协助法在不同条件下提取黄秋葵嫩荚粗多糖。结果表明,热水浴法的多糖得率在提取温度80℃,料液比1∶40条件下达到最大,为9.23%;微波超声协助法的粗多糖得率在料液比1∶50,功率200 W条件下达到最大,为7.64%。2种方法提取的多糖DPPH自由基清除率都随着参数的加大而增大;热水浴法提取的多糖ABTS+自由基清除率随着温度和料液比上升而提高,微波超声协助法提取的粗多糖ABTS+自由基清除率随着料液比上升而提高,但并未随功率提高而提高。热水浴法条件下提取的黄秋葵嫩荚粗多糖得率高、抗氧化活性高,方法简单、易于操作。 相似文献
6.
《农产品加工．学刊》2016,(22)
以废弃的榛子壳为主要原料,先采用水浴浸提的方法对榛子壳的多糖进行提取,再对榛子壳粗多糖溶液进行脱蛋白处理,然后用紫外分光光度计对其进行蛋白吸光度的测定;采用单因素试验和响应面试验,探讨榛子壳粗多糖脱蛋白的研究。三氯乙酸(TCA)法对榛子壳粗多糖溶液进行脱蛋白试验,结果表明三氯乙酸法脱蛋白的最佳工艺参数为三氯乙酸质量分数4.2%,静置时间20.11 min,样液与TCA的体积比2.03∶1;在此条件下得到榛子壳粗多糖中蛋白的脱除率为77.21%,与模型的预测值79.62%基本吻合,说明响应曲面所得数据可靠。 相似文献
7.
《农产品加工．学刊》2019,(24)
以银耳蒂头为原料,优化超声波技术提取银耳蒂头中多糖的工艺,研究超声提取温度、超声功率、超声连续提取时间、料液比对银耳蒂头粗多糖提取率的影响。通过单因素试验及正交试验确定了银耳蒂头粗多糖的优化提取工艺。超声波优化提取工艺条件为料液比1∶90,超声功率50 W,提取时间100 min,粗多糖的提取率为36.38%。 相似文献
8.
《农产品加工．学刊》2020,(9)
为了更好地开发利用福建佛手,以福建佛手为原料,采用传统热水浸提法研究了料液比、提取温度、提取时间对福建佛手粗多糖提取率的影响。通过正交试验法确定了建佛手粗多糖的最优提取工艺条件为料液比1∶80,提取温度80℃,提取时间180 min,在此条件下粗多糖的提取率可达4.45%。 相似文献
9.
玉米须多糖的制备方法及化学组成的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对玉米须中水溶性多糖的制备方法和化学组成进行了研究。结果表明,玉米须多糖的最佳提取工艺为:料水比为1∶30,在温度90℃下提取2次,每次2h。在此条件下,100g玉米须可提取多糖4.55g,多糖的中性糖含量为41.33%。玉米须多糖主要由葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖醛酸、甘露糖和木糖所组成,它们的比例为1∶0.89∶0.48∶0.39∶0.34∶0.26。其中,木糖的构型为α-D-吡喃环,阿拉伯糖的构型为α-L-呋喃环,葡萄糖的构型为α-D-吡喃环,甘露糖的构型为β-D-吡喃环。此外,玉米须多糖中还含有微量的蛋白质。 相似文献
10.
以芒果皮渣为原料,就粗多糖提取的影响因素及工艺进行了研究.采用单因素和L9(33)正交试验,研究了料液比、温度和时间等因素对多糖提取率的影响.结果表明,料液比和温度是影响多糖提取率的主要因素;确定的最佳提取工艺条件为:料液比1:5,温度90℃,时间2 h.在最佳提取工艺时,芒果皮中粗多糖提取率高达3.538 2%. 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
15.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
16.
Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
17.
B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
18.
In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
19.
[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
20.
不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献