共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
为分析不同水平复合益生菌制剂添加对奶牛生产性能、乳品质及体细胞数量的影响,试验选择胎次、产奶量、泌乳天数相近的荷斯坦奶牛160头随机分成4个组,每个组4个重复,每个重复10头,1组饲喂基础日粮为对照组,试验2、3、4组每头奶牛分别在基础日粮中添加20、40、60 g/d复合益生菌制剂,预试验7 d,试验期为60 d。结果表明:(1)试验后的30、60 d,试验3、4组的平均产奶量较1相比分别提高16.0%、14.9%、25.6%、24.1%(P<0.05);(2)试验2、3、4组的4%乳脂校正、乳蛋白率、总固形物均高于1组(P>0.05);试验2、3、4组的尿素氮均低于1组(P>0.05);试验3、4组的乳糖率、乳脂率较1组分别提高14.6%、13.4%、5.0%、4.2%(P<0.05);(3)试验后的60 d,试验3、4组乳中体细胞数量较1组相比降低9.3%、7.1%(P<0.05)。综上,每头牛每天添加40 g复合益生菌制剂可以提高奶牛的生产性能、乳品质,减少体细胞数量。 相似文献
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饲喂复合益生菌对泌乳中期奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文旨在研究不同剂量的复合益生菌制剂对泌乳中期奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响。试验选用18头体重、胎次、产奶量均相近的中国荷斯坦奶牛,采用完全随机设计,分为3个处理组,即(对照组)、0.6×1011 cfu/d(试验1组)与1.2×1011 cfu/d(试验2组),试验期70 d(预试期10 d,正试期60 d)。结果表明:试验1组、2组与对照组相比产奶量分别提高3.11%、4.80%,4%乳脂校正乳提高5.14%、8.07%,能量校正乳提高4.74%、8.76%,差异均显著(P<0.05);试验2组较对照组乳脂率和乳蛋白率分别提高5.56%、5.86%,并显著提高乳脂、乳蛋白、非脂乳固体物的产量(P<0.05)。两试验组牛奶中的乳糖率及乳糖产量与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。这表明,日粮中饲喂复合益生菌可以显著提高奶牛生产性能,从而提高饲料利用效率。 相似文献
3.
试验旨在研究直接饲喂复合益生素制剂对荷斯坦奶牛产奶量及乳品质的影响。试验选用16头体况、胎次、泌乳日龄、产奶量相近的中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为2个处理组,每组各8头,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂添加复合益生菌的日粮。试验期为70 d,其中预试期10 d,正式期60 d。每天测产奶量,试验开始采集乳样测定初始乳成分,试验期间每30 d采集一次乳样,共采集3次。比较和分析2组奶牛的产奶量和乳品质。结果显示,试验组与对照组相比产奶量提高了4.67%,差异显著(P<0.05);试验组的乳干物质和乳脂率与对照组比较分别提高了12.8%、13.8%,差异极显著(P<0.01);试验组体细胞数相比对照组明显下降并且趋于稳定,差异极显著(P<0.01);而在整个试验期间,试验组和对照组的乳蛋白率均趋于稳定且差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明,直接饲喂复合益生菌制剂能够明显提高奶牛产奶量,并能有效改善乳品质。 相似文献
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为研究不同过瘤胃氨基酸高能复合物对奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响,试验选择胎次(3～5胎)、产奶量、产犊日期相近,体重(600±20)kg健康荷斯坦泌乳高峰期奶牛24头,随机分为4组,每组6头。1组为对照组,饲喂牛场常规日粮;2、3、4组为试验组,分别在常规日粮基础上添加过瘤胃氨基酸高能复合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ500 g/(d.头)。正式期60 d。结果表明:奶牛日粮中添加过瘤胃氨基酸高能复合物后,均可明显提高奶牛产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率及乳中总干物质含量。尤其是复合物Ⅲ,添加效果最为理想,平均日产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率及总干物质含量分别比对照组提高21.19%(P<0.05)、21.31%(P<0.05)、9.72%(P<0.05)和10.34%(P<0.05),平均日校正乳产量提高35.70%(P<0.05)。 相似文献
5.
选择30头泌乳前期(20~40d)的中国荷斯坦奶牛,根据产奶量、胎次、泌乳天数进行配对,随机分为对照组、A组和B组,每组10头。基础日粮为TMR混合日粮,对照组不添加美斯特,A组添加量为30g/(头·d),B组添加量为15g/(头·d)。测定指标包括产奶量、产乳效率及乳中乳蛋白、乳脂等乳成分。试验结果表明:①A组产奶量﹑乳脂产量﹑乳蛋白产量(kg/d)及乳蛋白率(%)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),分别提高2.7﹑﹑0.130.09kg和0.21%;乳脂率提高0.31%,但不显著;产乳效率得到显著改善(P<0.05)。②B组产奶量﹑乳蛋白产量(kg/d)也分别显著提高1.79和0.13kg/d(P<0.05);乳蛋白率(%)和乳脂产量(kg/d)也分别提高0.11%和0.10kg/d,但不显著。③美斯特的不同添加量对奶牛干物质采食量和乳中乳脂率﹑总固形物﹑非脂乳固体﹑乳糖﹑体细胞数﹑乳尿素氮及乳酮体等指标没有显著影响。 相似文献
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N1型纳豆芽孢杆菌对泌乳期奶牛产奶量及乳品质的影响 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
试验旨在研究N1型纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis natto)对泌乳期奶牛生产性能及乳品质的影响。试验选用泌乳期、胎次、产奶量、体重相近的荷斯坦奶牛36头,试验设计采用完全随机区组设计,分成3个处理组,分别是试验1组添加N1型纳豆芽孢杆菌固体制剂30 g,试验2组添加N1型纳豆芽孢杆菌固体制剂60 g,对照组不添加。试验期为60 d,预试期10 d,分别在试验期的0、30、60 d采集奶样,每周测定1次产奶量。试验结果表明,日粮中添加N1型纳豆芽孢杆菌能够提高产奶量、提高乳脂校正乳产量（P<0.05）;提高乳脂含量、乳蛋白含量、干物质含量,提高乳脂产量、乳蛋白产量（P<0.05）、干物质产量（P<0.05）,对乳糖含量没有影响;牛奶中体细胞数有降低趋势。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2017,(3):39-42
本研究旨在探讨复合微生态制剂对奶牛泌乳性能和乳品质的影响,为微生态制剂在奶牛养殖中的推广应用提供参考依据。将90头荷斯坦奶牛随机分成3组(对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组),对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5 g·kg~(-1)、1.0 g·kg~(-1)的复合微生态制剂。通过测定各处理组的产奶量、采食量、料奶比等泌乳性能指标和乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、乳干物质率、体细胞数等乳品质指标,比较分析复合微生态制剂不同添加水平对奶牛泌乳性能和乳品质的影响。结果显示,试验Ⅱ组与对照组相比,日产奶量显著提高(P0.05),料奶比显著降低(P0.05),乳脂率、乳蛋白率均显著提高(P0.05),体细胞数显著降低(P0.05)。该结果表明奶牛基础日粮中添加1.0 g·kg~(-1)的复合微生态制剂能显著改善奶牛的泌乳性能和乳品质。 相似文献
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选择出生日期、胎次、产奶量和体重相近的16头健康荷斯坦奶牛,随机分成4组(对照组、试验1组、试验2组、试验3组),每组4头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别依次添加0.5、1.5 kg和2.5 kg的膨化全脂大豆,预试期12 d,正试期60 d,研究不同膨化水平全脂大豆对产奶性能的影响。结果表明:试验1组、2组和3组的产奶量和标准乳产量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验组间差异不显著;乳脂率试验1组、2组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验3组和对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);乳蛋白率试验2组、3组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),对照组和试验1组差异不显著(P>0.05);而对乳中非脂固形物的影响,4个组间均差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合考虑在奶牛日粮干物质中添加1.5 kg的膨化全脂大豆对提高产奶量和乳品质是最有利的。 相似文献
10.
日粮中添加脂肪酸钙对奶牛生产性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取24头处于泌乳前期的中国荷斯坦奶牛,采用配对设计分成4组,研究奶牛日粮中分别添加200g棕榈油脂肪酸钙、大豆油脂肪酸钙和葵花籽油脂肪酸钙对奶牛采食量、产奶量及乳品质的影响。结果表明:日粮中添加3种脂肪酸钙均不影响奶牛采食量(P>0.05);添加棕榈油脂肪酸钙后产奶量提高10.45%、乳脂率提高7.42%、乳蛋白率降低4.67%、乳干物质提高1.41%(P>0.05);添加大豆油脂肪酸钙后产奶量提高4.25%、乳脂率提高8.54%、乳蛋白率降低4.64%、乳干物质提高2.67%(P>0.05);添加葵花籽油脂肪酸钙后产奶量提高4.76%、乳脂率提高3.52%、乳蛋白率降低3.35%、乳干物质提高1.42%(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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[目的]研究旨在探讨不同微生态制剂对奶牛产奶性能和乳品质的影响,[方法]将40头荷斯坦奶牛随机分成4个处理组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,微生态制剂1组、微生态制剂2组、微生态制剂3组分别在基础日粮中添加0.1%的三种微生态制剂产品。[结果]结果显示：与对照组相比,微生态制剂1组、微生态制剂2组、微生态制剂3组的平均日产奶量、乳蛋白率均显著增加（P＜0.05）,体细胞数均显著降低（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,微生态制剂1组的平均日采食量、乳脂率均显著增加（P＜0.05）,料奶比显著降低（P＜0.05）。与微生态制剂2组相比,微生态制剂1组的平均日产奶量、乳蛋白率均显著增加（P＜0.05）。[结论]说明三种微生态制剂产品均能在一定程度上提高奶牛的产奶性能和乳品质,以微生态制剂产品1的作用效果最好。 相似文献
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N. Minjigdorj O. Baldorj D. Austbø 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(2):66-72
Abstract This study was carried out to determine the influence of three ecological regions and two milking seasons on daytime milk yield, chemical composition, protein fraction distribution and amino acids (AA) profile of milk samples from Mongolian native breed mares under traditional nomadic pasture conditions. Average daily daytime milk yield was 3975 ml. The milk contained 11.0% total solids, 2.0% fat, 6.6% lactose, 2.2% protein and 0.3% ash on average. Content of true whey protein was 36.8% and of casein 52.4%, respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that the whey fraction contained 37.1% α-lactalbumin, 29.6% β-lactoglobulin, 16.1% immunoglobulins, 8.1% lactoferrin and 4.7% lysozyme. The content of essential AA in the protein fraction was 48.4%. Results show that composition of mare milk can be influenced by regional differences. 相似文献
13.
不同粗饲料对奶牛乳产量和乳成分的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
选择18头荷斯坦奶牛,设置3个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复1头奶牛,研究不同粗饲料对奶牛泌乳性能和乳成分的影响,3个处理的粗饲料分别为玉米秸(Ⅰ组)、玉米秸+青贮玉米秸(Ⅱ组)、羊草(Ⅲ组)。试验结果表明:①试验Ⅱ组与试验Ⅲ组平均产奶量差异不显著(P>0.05),试验全期分别比Ⅰ组提高了8.82%(P<0.05)和9.57%(P<0.05);②不同处理间的乳糖、乳脂含量差异不显著(P>0.05);对于乳蛋白,在试验40d时3个试验组差异不显著(P>0.05),在第15d时Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组分别比Ⅰ组降低了7.43%(P<0.05)和8.57%(P<0.05)。对于乳干物质,Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组差异不显著(P>0.05)。根据上述生产性能指标综合评定,玉米秸+青贮玉米秸可有效替代羊草饲喂奶牛,而不降低泌乳性能。 相似文献
14.
为研究日粮中添加蛋白酶对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态和消化酶活性的影响,试验采用单因子完全随机试验设计,将50头28日龄断奶仔猪随机分为两组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.1%复合蛋白酶制剂。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组断奶仔猪的平均日增重提高5.1%,料重比降低4.67%;试验组空肠的绒毛高度(VH)显著提高40.66μm(P<0.05),且绒毛隐窝比值提高了9.94%(P<0.05);试验组空肠的蛋白酶活性、淀粉酶活性均极显著升高,分别提高了2.89U/mL和23.25U/mL(P<0.01)。综上所述,在饲料中添加蛋白酶明显提高了仔猪的日增重,降低了料重比和成本,且促进了肠道绒毛和隐窝结构的发育和肠道消化酶的活性,改善了仔猪的生长性能。 相似文献
15.
M. Wolfová J. Wolf & J. P&#;ibyl 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2007,124(4):192-200
The impact of various milk pricing systems on the economic weights and the resulting selection responses for milk yield and fat and protein contents in Holstein and Czech Fleckvieh were investigated. The calculations were done for the situations with and without quotas on milk yield and fat content. There was a substantial influence of the milk pricing system on the selection response. The use of index weights based on a 'wrong' pricing system reduced the total economic selection response by up to 51% of the selection response expected for an index based on the 'correct' pricing system. Financial losses in the selection response were greater with quotas than without quotas. Higher losses were also calculated for Holstein compared with Czech Fleckvieh. Incorrect assumptions on the output limitation (absence or presence of milk quotas) led only to minor reductions in the total selection response (mostly <2%) if the other parameters were correct. The results indicate that customized subindices for milk production traits would increase farmers' profit from sire selection when selling milk on the basis of different pricing systems. 相似文献
16.
[目的]探究江苏某牛场荷斯坦牛日产奶量和乳成分的影响因素。[方法]试验采集了该规模化牛场2018—2020年139 703条测定数据,并利用多因素方差模型对其进行系统的分析。[结果]不同胎次、测定季节、产犊季节、泌乳月对荷斯坦牛日产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、体细胞评分、乳尿素氮均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。产奶量与乳脂率、乳蛋白率、体细胞评分均存在极显著负相关。[结论]综上结果,在生产中,应结合胎次、季节、产犊时间、泌乳等多种因素,灵活调整牛群结构、生产规划和饲养管理,以实现提高产奶量和乳品质的目的。 相似文献
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为掌握牦牛乳常规营养成分以及不同成分间的相关关系,为下一步牦牛乳用性能选育提供理论基础,本试验对青海高原型牦牛纯放牧条件下(7月底)牦牛乳成分进行了测定,利用SPSS软件对各营养成分间的相关性进行了分析。结果表明∶纯放牧条件下,牦牛乳乳脂率为7.42±1.8956%,乳蛋白率为3.91±0.1619%,乳糖为5.88±0.2375%,非脂乳固体为10.78±0.4238%,密度为1033.45±2.3144kg/m^3,冰点为-0.7377±0.0346℃,盐为0.82±0.041%,电导率为4.74±0.0821s/m。相关性分析表明乳脂肪与密度和盐呈极显著负相关,乳蛋白质、乳糖、非脂乳固体、密度、盐两两间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),冰点与乳糖、乳蛋白、非脂乳固体呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),冰点与密度和盐没有相关性,电导率与各乳成分之间没有相关性。 相似文献
18.
E. Westreicher‐Kristen R. Kaiser H. Steingass M. Rodehutscord 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2014,98(2):347-356
We evaluated the effect of three sources of dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets of mid‐lactating dairy cows on milk production and milk composition and on digestibility in sheep. DDGS from wheat, corn and barley (DDGS1), wheat and corn (DDGS2) and wheat (DDGS3) were studied and compared with a rapeseed meal (RSM). RSM and DDGS were characterized through in situ crude protein (CP) degradability. Nutrient digestibility was determined in sheep. Twenty‐four multiparous cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28‐day periods. Treatments included total mixed rations containing as primary protein sources RSM (control), DDGS1 (D1), DDGS2 (D2) or DDGS3 (D3). RSM contained less rapidly degradable CP (fraction a), more potentially degradable CP (fraction b) and more rumen undegradable CP (UDP) than the three DDGS. In vivo digestibility of RSM organic matter was similar to DDGS. Calculated net energy for lactation (NEL) was lower for RSM (7.4 MJ/kg DM) than for DDGS, which averaged 7.7 MJ/kg DM. Cows' dry matter intake did not differ between diets (21.7 kg/day). Cows fed D1 yielded more milk than those fed D3 (31.7 vs. 30.4 kg/day); no differences were found between control and DDGS diets (31.3 vs. 31.1 kg/day). Energy‐corrected milk was similar among diets (31.2 kg/day). Diets affected neither milk fat concentration (4.0%) nor milk fat yield (1.24 kg/day). Milk protein yield of control (1.12 kg/day) was significantly higher than D3 (1.06 kg/day) but not different form D1 and D2 (1.08 kg/day each). Feeding DDGS significantly increased milk lactose concentration (4.91%) in relation to control (4.81%). DDGS can be a suitable feed in relation to RSM and can be fed up to 4 kg dry matter per day in rations of dairy cows in mid‐lactation. However, high variation of protein and energy values of DDGS should be considered when included in diets of dairy cows. 相似文献
19.
Effects of continuous low dose infusion of lipopolysaccharide on inflammatory responses,milk production and milk quality in dairy cows 
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下载免费PDF全文 L. T. Ning G. Z. Dong C. Ao D. G. Zhang K. Erdene F. Q. Zhang J. Wen T. L. Zhang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):e262-e269
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of continuous low dose infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on inflammatory responses and milk production and quality in lactating dairy cows. Eight Holstein cows were assigned to two treatments in a cross‐over experimental design. Cows were infused intravenously either with saline solution or with saline solution containing LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4 at a dose of 0.01 μg LPS/kg body weight for approximately 6 hr each day during a seven‐day trial. The clinical symptoms and milk production performance were observed. Milk samples were analysed for conventional components, fatty acids and amino acids. And jugular vein and mammary vein plasma samples were analysed for concentrations of cytokines and acute phase proteins. LPS infusion decreased feed intake and milk yield. An increase in body temperature was observed after LPS infusion. LPS infusion also increased plasma concentrations of interleukin‐1β, serum amyloid A, LPS‐binding protein, C‐reactive protein and haptoglobin. LPS infusion decreased the contents of some fatty acids, such as C17:1, C18:0, C18:1n9 (trans) and C18:2n6 (trans), and most amino acids except for methionine, threonine, histidine, cysteine, tyrosine and proline in the milk. The results indicated that a continued low dose infusion of LPS can induce an inflammatory response, decrease milk production and reduce milk quality. 相似文献