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世界上的山羊数量虽然很多，但有关山羊的营养需要量的研究迄今为止很少，至于肉用山羊营养研究的文献资料就更少了。应用于山羊营养需要量的大部分数据来源于牛和绵羊的营养参数。本文着重就山羊的消化代谢特点、能量、蛋白质、维生素及矿物质营养需要量的研究进展及现状作了阐述。 相似文献
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世界上的山羊数量虽然很多,但有关山羊的营养需要量的研究迄今为止很少,至于山羊营养研究的文献资料就更少了。应用于山羊营养需要量的大部分数据来源于牛和绵羊的营养参数。本文着重就山羊的消化代谢特点、能量、蛋白质、维生素及矿物质营养需要量的研究进展及现状作了阐述。 相似文献
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羊脱毛症是指由于某种特殊病因,如代谢紊乱和营养缺乏、寄生虫侵害、细菌感染、中毒等,导致羊毛根部萎缩,被毛脱落,或是被毛发育不全的总称。绵羊和山羊均可发生,呈地方性流行,以农区以及半农半牧区发病居多。(一)病因1.营养代谢病性脱毛症。主要包括以下几个方面。硫及含硫氨基酸缺乏:当动物 相似文献
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绵羊矿物质营养研究的最新进展及其对中国养羊生产可能产生的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对影响绵羊健康和生产性能的一些重要的矿物质营养方面进展和可能会对中国养羊生产产生的影响进行了介绍和讨论，其中着重讨论了以下几个方面的专题：硒和碘，蠕虫感染与矿物质营养，食土和铁的代谢，镉及其与硫和相互作。结果表明对放牧绵羊的矿物质营养进行优化决策，对于最大限度地提高草原养羊业的生产力是完全必要的。 相似文献
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The conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of grazing sheep and goat milk fat, throughout their lactation period, was examined. Six sheep and six goat representative farms were selected at random and milk samples were taken at monthly intervals for fatty acids profile determination. Sheep and goat nutrition was based on natural grazing and on supplementary feeding during the winter months. From April onwards, grazing native pastures was the only source of feed for sheep and goats. The University farm whose sheep are kept indoors all year round without any grazing, was also used as reference. Fifteen individual milk samples were also taken in April from a sheep and goat farm respectively, in order to see the variability of CLA inside the farm. The results showed that: a. the CLA content of grazing sheep and goat milk fat increased significantly in April–May (early growth stage of grass) and then declined while that of indoors kept sheep was more or less constant during the same period, b. the isomers cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 of CLA were found in grazing sheep milk fat, while in indoors kept sheep and goats' milk fat only the cis-9, trans-11 isomer was found, c. the CLA content of sheep milk fat was much higher than that of goats, d. a negative correlation between sheep milk fat and CLA content was found and e. there was considerable variation in milk fat CLA content between sheep and goat farms and inside the farms. 相似文献
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中国养羊业经历了从产毛为主到产肉为主、从散养为主到规模化养殖、从传统养殖到现代化养殖的根本改变,目前中国的养羊业已经进入到了一个全新的时代。文章对中国养羊业进行了简要的回顾,重点对国内肉羊发展和研究内容从遗传育种、饲养管理、繁殖以及疫病防控等方面进行了详细论述,以期为国内同行科研和生产提供参考。 相似文献
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奶山羊养殖是一项投资小、设备及技术要求低、资金周转快、收益相对稳定的养殖产业项目,很适应农村发展。奶山羊以产奶为主,奶肉兼用,可提供营养丰富、适口性好的生鲜乳和鲜羊肉,市场需求量大;近年来,活羊出栏价相对稳定,在中小城市,羊肉价格保持在80元/kg左右,鲜羊奶市场价格在14元/kg左右。奶山羊体格健壮、活泼好动,适应性广、生存能力强,爱清洁、喜干燥,既适应放牧又适应圈养;体质较好,相对皮实,抗病能力强,对饲养管理要求不高,较适应农户养殖。本文分析了奶山羊养殖相对于奶牛、绵羊、生猪、肉牛及家禽养殖等具有的优势。 相似文献
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为满足中国绒山羊业发展需求,提高种羊选种选配的准确性和科学性、提升生产效率,运用信息技术和现代育种理论可对绒山羊进行科学化育种及精准化管理。本研究采用MVC软件设计模式、B/S三层网络结构、BLUP法育种及绒山羊增绒等技术,开发基于射频识别(RFID)的绒山羊育种生产管理系统,该系统主要包含信息管理、育种分析、生产管理、营养调控和效益分析等功能模块。系统运用WOMBAT遗传评估软件计算育种值和近交系数从而确定最优父母组合,通过联合育种加快绒山羊经济性状的遗传改良进展及相配套的生产技术,实现不同育种目标的生产。通过育种目标的设定及基于绒山羊个体信息,系统可自动生成种羊分级评定建议、配种建议、淘汰建议、分群整群建议、物料预警、日粮配方和对一些生产时间节点(如预产期、光控增绒放牧时长、防疫、补饲等)的提醒,为"1396"型绒山羊的育种及高效饲养提供技术支持,从而实现绒山羊育种和生产的信息化、规范化和科学化。 相似文献
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WU Tie-cheng WUDUBALA HE Yun-mei LI Yu-rong ZHAO Cun-fa MA Yue-jun LIU Bin ZHAO Sheng-guo 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(3):776-783
In order to meet the requirement of the development of cashmere goat industry,and improve the matching accuracy and scientificity of breeding sheep selection and the production efficiency,it is needed to use information technology and modern breeding theory in cashmere goats accurate management and scientific breeding.Using MVC software design pattern,B/S three-tier network architecture,database,BLUP breeding and other technologies,a cashmere goat breeding and production management systems based on RFID was designed and developed in this study.The system contained information management,breeding analysis,production management,nutrition regulation and benefit analysis and other functional modules.In the system,WOMBAT genetic evaluation software was used in calculating cultivation and inbreeding coefficient,then based on this,the optimal combination parents were choosn;The system was designed for different breeding objectives,such us accelerating advances in genetic improvement of cashmere goat economic traits,and developing the production technology through the joint breeding.Based on cashmere goats individual information,the system could automatically generated recommendations for sheep grading,breeding,selecting and cluster grouping;It could also generat warnings on materials,diet formulation and other control points in production (such as pre-production period,light control for increase cashmere,grazing duration,prevention,feeding and so on),it would provide technical support for "1396" sheep breeding and efficient feeding,thus made cashmere goat breeding and production informationalized,standardized and scientific. 相似文献
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我国6个绵(山)羊群体遗传分化的微卫星分析 总被引：1，自引：4，他引：1
为进一步了解我国绵(山)羊群体的品种特性及其遗传分化,本文利用微卫星标记对我国6个绵(山)羊群体遗传分化进行了分析。采用中心产区典型群随机抽样方法用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测乌珠穆沁羊7个微卫星位点,并引用同实验室小尾寒羊、滩羊、湖羊、同羊、长江三角洲白山羊(参照群体)的相关资料进行群体遗传分化水平分析。研究表明:7个微卫星位点在乌珠穆沁羊、小尾寒羊、滩羊、湖羊、同羊、山羊这6个品种中均存在遗传多态性,各座位等位基因均较丰富。根据标准遗传距离、DA遗传距离以及模糊相容关系进行聚类分析,湖羊与同羊首先聚为一类,乌珠穆沁羊和小尾寒羊聚为一类,然后与滩羊聚为一类,5个绵羊品种最后与山羊相聚。 相似文献
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四川5个山(绵)羊品种随机扩增多态DNA分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本研究参阅文献挑选 80个随机引物 ,从中筛选出 3 0个重复性好的引物 ,对四川黑山羊、南江黄羊、北川白山羊、成都麻羊 4个山羊品种和藏绵羊进行RAPD分析 ,并进一步对 1 3只南江黄羊个体 ,1 8只黑山羊个体的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增。用Nei氏公式计算品种间的遗传距离 ,用UPGMA法构建树状聚类图。结果表明 :黑山羊与南江黄羊的遗传距离最小 ,亲缘关系较近 ;藏绵羊与各品种间的遗传距离都很大 ,亲缘关系远 ;RAPD技术可作为一种有效的分子标记用于山羊品种之间遗传亲缘关系的分析 相似文献
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G. A. E. VAN T KLOOSTER B.J. BLAAUBOER J- NOORDHOEK‡ A. S.J. P. A. M. VAN MIERT 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1993,16(4):454-461
van't Klooster, G.A.E., Blaauboer, B.J., Noordhoek, J. & van Miert, A.S.J.P.A.M. Sulfadimidine metabolism in vitro: II. comparative studies in cultured rat, goat, sheep and cattle hepatocytes. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 16, 454–461.
Hydroxylation and acetylation of sulphadimidine (SDD) and the deacetylation of N4-acetyl SDD was investigated in cultured hepatocytes from male and female rats, from male and female goats and from female sheep and cattle. Significant sex differences were observed for hydroxylation of SDD in hepatocytes from rat and goat. In goat, sheep and cow hepatocytes, the hydroxylation pathway is relatively important, whereas in rat hepatocytes, acetylation is predominant. Hepatocytes of all four species deacetylated N4-acetyl SDD. In ruminant hepatocytes, deacetylating activity was of considerable importance, whereas in rat hepatocytes, it appeared a minor pathway of metabolism. Similar to the in vivo situation, formation of N4-acetyl SDD in cultured hepatocytes results from an equilibrium of acetylation and deacetylation. A good correlation was found between results in isolated hepatocytes and previous findings in vivo , both in levels of species-related activities and in acetylation-hydroxylation ratios. In conclusion, cultured hepatocytes appear a useful in vitro model to study comparative sulfonamide metabolism. 相似文献
Hydroxylation and acetylation of sulphadimidine (SDD) and the deacetylation of N4-acetyl SDD was investigated in cultured hepatocytes from male and female rats, from male and female goats and from female sheep and cattle. Significant sex differences were observed for hydroxylation of SDD in hepatocytes from rat and goat. In goat, sheep and cow hepatocytes, the hydroxylation pathway is relatively important, whereas in rat hepatocytes, acetylation is predominant. Hepatocytes of all four species deacetylated N4-acetyl SDD. In ruminant hepatocytes, deacetylating activity was of considerable importance, whereas in rat hepatocytes, it appeared a minor pathway of metabolism. Similar to the in vivo situation, formation of N4-acetyl SDD in cultured hepatocytes results from an equilibrium of acetylation and deacetylation. A good correlation was found between results in isolated hepatocytes and previous findings in vivo , both in levels of species-related activities and in acetylation-hydroxylation ratios. In conclusion, cultured hepatocytes appear a useful in vitro model to study comparative sulfonamide metabolism. 相似文献