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为了更好地了解禽源沙门菌对四环素的耐药性及耐药基因分布,从不同来源的家禽样品中分离沙门菌,调查其对四环素的耐药性以及耐药菌株中8种四环素耐药基因[tet(A)、tet(B)、tet(C)、tet(W)、tet(M)、tet(D)、tet(K)和tet(L)]的携带情况.结果表明,18.8%的沙门菌分离株对四环素耐药,健康成鸡分离株对四环素的耐药性明显高于雏鸡、死胚或病禽分离株;四环素耐药株中tet(A)、tet(B)和tet(M)基因的携带比例分别为73.1%、11.5%和3.8%,说明沙门菌对四环素的耐药机制以tet(A)和tet(B)基因介导的主动外排为主.本研究首次在对四环素耐药的沙门菌中检测到tet(M)基因,说明tet(M)基因在沙门菌对四环素的耐药性方面也具有潜在的作用. 相似文献
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为探究泰州地区某规模化孵化场鸡胚源沙门氏菌的生物学特征，试验对临床疑似沙门氏菌感染的死亡鸡胚中的沙门氏菌进行选择性增菌和分离，并对分离菌进行革兰氏染色鉴定、特异性基因扩增、毒力基因检测、药物敏感试验和耐药基因检测。结果表明：共分离到6株细菌，在沙门氏菌显色培养基上均呈现紫色小菌落，均为革兰氏阴性菌，特异性基因扩增鉴定为鸡伤寒沙门氏菌；从6株菌中共检测出15种毒力基因，除均不携带sopE基因外，sipA、sopA、sopB、ssaB、mgtC、misL、siiE、pipC、stn、fimA基因携带率为100%(6/6),sipC、sseL基因携带率为83.3%(5/6),ssaR、spvB基因携带率为66.7%(4/6);6株菌对大部分抗生素敏感，仅对多西环素(66.7%,4/6)、林可霉素(100%,6/6)、阿奇霉素(83.3%,5/6)和多黏菌素B(83.3%,5/6)的耐药率高于50.00%,3重耐药率为83.3%(5/6),4重耐药率为66.7%(4/6),5重耐药率为16.7%(1/6),6重耐药率为0(0/6);从6株菌中共检测出5种耐药基因，其中tet(A)、tet(B)... 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2015,(12):94-97
采用琼脂二倍稀释法测定256株水禽大肠杆菌分离株对四环素类药物的敏感性,并通过PCR方法调查分离株携带耐药基因tet A、tet B、tet C和tet M的情况。药敏试验结果表明256株水禽大肠杆菌分离株对四环素和多西环素耐药率分别为92.2%和77.3%。在237株大肠杆菌四环素耐药株中,tet A、tet B、tet C和tet M的携带率分别为49.8%、57.8%、49.4%和40.1%,仅8.0%的耐药株没有检测到4种耐药基因。结果表明:tet A、tet B、tet C和tet M广泛存在于水禽源大肠杆菌中。tet A和tet B对水禽源大肠杆菌四环素耐药株的产生起重要作用,主动外排作用是大肠杆菌对四环素产生耐药性的主要机制。 相似文献
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为探讨鸡白痢沙门菌耐药基因携带情况及其与药敏性的相关性,研究采用PCR方法对已确定耐药谱的207株鸡白痢沙门菌分离株的6类药物的10种耐药基因进行了检测。结果显示:12株(5.80%)未检出耐药基因,11株(5.31%)可携带多达7种耐药基因,携带3种耐药基因的菌株数量最多,占38.16%。10种耐药基因均可检出,tet C基因检出率最高(54.11%),其次为tet A(50.24%)和blaCMY-2(49.76%)。与菌株药敏性总符合率较高的基因依次为cat I(90.82%)、add A1(87.76%)、tet A(86.36%)、blaTEM-1(79.31%),但cat I的耐药符合率及add A1的敏感符合率均为0。blaCMY-2与tet C虽然基因检出率较高,但与药敏性的符合率均较低。研究表明:鸡白痢沙门菌分离株耐药基因携带率较高,但耐药基因与药敏性并不完全相符,耐药基因检测结果可能并不一定能反映分离菌株的实际耐药状况。 相似文献
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为了对新疆焉耆地区羊源葡萄球菌耐药性及其携带的相关耐药基因情况进行检测,为该养殖场今后合理用药提供科学依据,采用微量肉汤稀释法对分离的275株葡萄球菌进行11种常用抗菌药物的药敏试验,并检测了部分相关耐药基因(cfr、fex A、mec A、tet K和tet M)。结果显示:分离的葡萄球菌对青霉素的耐药率高达90.4%,其次为苯唑西林,耐药率为69.1%,对其他被检药物的耐药率在1.4%~38.6%之间;基因检测显示,2株菌携带cfr基因(0.7%,2/275),14株菌携带fex A基因(5.1%,14/275),3株菌携带mec A基因(1.1%,3/275),5株菌携带tet K基因(1.8%,5/275),所有菌株均携带tet M基因(100%,275/275)。结果表明:新疆焉耆地区羊源葡萄球菌对青霉素和苯唑西林高度耐药,提示临床用药应根据药敏试验结果选用敏感药物,如庆大霉素、利福平等,缩短治疗周期和提高治疗效果;耐药基因的检出表明耐药性转移的风险增高,应加强对该地区养殖场的耐药监测。 相似文献
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为了解猪群中猪源肺炎克雷伯氏菌耐药情况和毒力基因携带状况,2019年采集存栏生猪肛拭子样品125份、宰后生猪肉类样品50份,通过细菌分离培养、药敏试验以及PCR扩增16S rRNA、khe基因、耐药基因和毒力基因等方法对肺炎克雷伯氏菌特性进行分析。结果显示,从125份肛棉拭子样品、50份宰后生猪肉类样品中各分离得到32、4株肺炎克雷伯氏菌;药敏试验结果显示,分离的肺炎克雷伯氏菌对四环素耐药性最高(83.3%),其次是氯霉素(63.9%)。对36株分离菌进行耐药基因和毒力基因检测,发现携带耐药基因tet(A)的达30株、携带floR、mcr-1的分别为23、10株,且有23株菌同时携带tet(A)和floR基因,少部份菌株携带aadA1、blaTEM、blaCTX-M-1、blaOXA、qnrB、aac(6')-Ib-cr;携带毒力基因wabG的达26株、携带uge和fimH的25株、携带kfu的23株、携带aereobactin的7株,且有20株菌同时携带wabG、uge、fimH和kfu基因。结果表明,我国猪群中肺炎克雷伯氏菌检出率可能较高,菌株携带耐药基因及毒力基因较为集中,对部分抗生素耐药性较强。本研究为肺炎克雷伯氏菌的检测、诊断以及合理使用抗生素治疗提供了试验依据,同时也为猪源肺炎克雷伯氏菌防控提供了数据支撑。 相似文献
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【目的】通过对山东青岛地区鸭源样品进行四环素类耐药大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,了解其流行分布规律。对耐药菌株进行药敏检测及耐药基因鉴定,研究四环素类耐药大肠杆菌多重耐药率及耐药基因携带情况,为抗生素的合理应用提供理论依据。【方法】以肉鸭泄殖腔拭子及盲肠样本为试验材料,通过四环素选择培养基分离大肠杆菌。采用琼脂稀释法测定耐药菌株对12种抗菌药物的敏感性,通过PCR检测四环素类耐药大肠杆菌携带耐药基因情况,进一步通过接合试验评估tet(X)基因的可转移性,进而对部分tet(X)基因阳性菌株进行全基因组测序,同时探究tet(X)耐药基因的遗传环境特征。【结果】采集的63份样品经分离鉴定,获得48株四环素耐药大肠杆菌,分离率为76.19%。药敏试验结果显示,所有菌株对四环素和土霉素耐药,对多西环素和氟苯尼考耐药率分别为93.75%和89.59%,且对多黏菌素、替加环素及美罗培南耐药率分别为64.58%、16.67%和4.17%;所有菌株均存在多重耐药现象,其中以耐7种药物最多。耐药基因检测结果与耐药情况基本相对应,耐药率高的药物相应耐药基因呈现较高携带率;其中floR、tet(A)、qnrS、mcr-... 相似文献
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通过微量稀释法药敏试验及四环素类耐药基因的扩增对18株不同源多杀性巴氏杆菌进行耐药性分析。并采用PCR及其产物测序检测上述菌株中一类整合酶携带率。结果表明,18株不同源的多杀性巴氏杆菌对氯霉素的耐药率为83.33%,对四环素、强力霉素与庆大霉素的耐药率为50%~61.11%,对氧氟沙星、卡那霉素、恩诺沙星与氟苯尼考的耐药率为27.78%~38.89%。18株菌株均未检测到tet A耐药基因,22.22%的多杀性巴氏杆菌携带tet B耐药基因,5.56%的多杀性巴氏杆菌携带tet O耐药基因,tet K与tet Q两种耐药基因的携带率均为27.28%,而对于tet G的携带率为100%,Ⅰ型整合酶携带率为22.22%。本研究为进一步研究多杀性巴氏杆菌耐药机制及跨物种传播奠定了基础。 相似文献
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3种四环素耐药基因型肉牛肠道大肠杆菌对四环素类抗生素的耐药性分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
以低于治疗水平的氯四环素(CT)及低于治疗水平的氯四环素和治疗水平的氧四环素组合(CT-OX)两种方式分别对肉牛进行抗生素处理,研究其对肠道大肠杆菌耐药基因型的影响。从粪便样品分离大肠杆菌,并通过抗菌药物纸片法和稀释法敏感性试验测试分离出的大肠杆菌对四环素、氧四环素和氯四环素的敏感性。利用针对耐药基因tet(A)、tet(B)和tet(C)的引物对176个四环素耐药或中介的细菌样品进行多重PCR试验,结果发现所有样品均携带一种或两种耐药基因,tet(A)在两组样品中的流行基本相同,但CT组中tet(B)的流行比例显著小于CT-OX组(P<0.05),而tet(C)的流行比例则显著CT-OX组(P<0.05)。同时,在对四环素表现为中介的52个样品检测结果中,发现其中92.3%携带tet(C)基因。另外,最小抑菌浓度值(MICs)结果表明,药物敏感性同时取决于四环素类别和耐药基因型两方面。利用real-time PCR在转录水平上对tet(C)基因进行分析,发现耐药型与中介型并非上游调控造成。对tet(C)基因的测序分析结果发现,耐药型的第1063位碱基由T突变为G。由上述数据可知,对肉牛的四环素饲喂种类可以影响到大肠杆菌的耐药基因流行。 相似文献
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Yamamoto K Sasaki Y Ogikubo Y Noguchi N Sasatsu M Takahashi T 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2001,48(4):293-301
This is the first report to demonstrate the presence of tet(M) in naturally occurring isolates of tetracycline-resistant Erysipelothrix rbusiopathiae, which causes swine erysipelas. The tet(M) gene was isolated from E. rhusiopathiae strain KY5-42. The nucleotide and the deduced amino acid sequence were 99% identical to the tet(M) gene from Enterococcus faecalis. The gene was necessary and sufficient for the expression of tetracycline resistance in Escherichia coli. The presence of the tet(M) gene in the 114 tetracycline-resistant E. rhusiopathiae isolates from diseased pigs was detected by the polymerase chain reaction assay. The specific amplified DNA fragment was obtained from all 114 tetracycline-resistant strains. It was suggested that the tet(M) gene was widely present in the field isolates of E. rhusiopathiae resistant to tetracycline. 相似文献
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Isolates of Streptococcus suis serotype 7 from diseased pigs in Denmark were characterized by ribotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), MIC-determinations and detection of resistance genes. Forty-one different ribotype profiles were found among the 103 isolates and could be divided into two main clusters. No obvious relationship between ribotypes and the clinical origin of the isolates could be observed. Fifty-four isolates, including all 24 isolates belonging to the main ribotype profile were examined by PFGE and 50 different profiles were found. A high frequency of resistance to erythromycin (41%), tetracycline (24%) and streptomycin (28%) was observed. Furthermore, almost all isolates (101) were resistant to sulphamethoxazol. Most isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim and trimethoprim + sulphonamides. The tet(M) gene was found among 11 (44%) and the tet(O) gene in six (24%) of 25 tetracycline resistant isolates. The tet(L) and tet(S) genes were not detected in any isolates. The erm(B) gene was detected in 39 (93%) of 42 erythromycin resistant isolates. 相似文献
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Kim TJ Na YR Lee JI 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2005,52(3):119-124
A total of 160 Staphylococcus intermedius isolates were recovered from cases of pyoderma in 2002 and were examined for susceptibility to 13 different antimicrobial agents. Ninety per cent (144) of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, derivatives of which have been used until recently, and 18% (29) were resistant to chloramphenicol which was banned from use 13 years ago. The presence of genes encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and tetracycline resistance (tet); tet(K), (L), (M), and (O) were determined by PCR in the 29 chloramphenicol and tetracycline resistant isolates. Seventeen (59%) isolates contained the cat gene while 12 (41%) isolates did not carry the cat gene, implying there may be other genes for chloramphenicol resistance that were not detected by the primers (primer set 1) used in this study. The tet(M) gene was found in 28 (97%) of the resistant S. intermedius isolates, but none contained the tet(O) gene. All 29 isolates carried one or two tet genes; tet(K), (L), and (M), with four different distribution patterns. New PCR products, a 1.1 kb product using primer set 1 and a 0.2 kb product using primer set 2, were cloned and sequenced. A 904 bp fragment of S. aureus plamid pS194, including sequence from the streptomycin adenyltransferase gene (804 bp), was found inserted into the terminal region of the cat gene (GenBank accession no. AY604739), whilst the sequence of 0.2 kb was previously unpublished. 相似文献
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Matter D Rossano A Limat S Vorlet-Fawer L Brodard I Perreten V 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,122(1-2):146-156
A total of 83 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and 58 Actinobacillus porcitonsillarum strains collected from slaughtered pigs in Switzerland were screened for susceptibility to 20 antimicrobial agents by MIC determinations. Resistance to sulfamethoxazole, the combination sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, tiamulin, tilmicosin, tetracycline, penicillin and ampicillin were found. A few A. porcitonsillarum isolates displayed decreased susceptibility to enrofloxacin. PCR analysis revealed the presence of the sul2 gene in approximately one-fifth of the sulfonamide-resistant A. pleuropneumoniae and A. porcitonsillarum isolates. The tetracycline-resistant A. pleuropneumoniae harbored tet(B) and tet(H), whereas the tetracycline-resistant A. porcitonsillarum isolates harbored the tet(B) gene. The penicillin and ampicillin-resistant A. pleuropneumoniae and A. porcitonsillarum harbored the bla(ROB-1) gene. 相似文献
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Ramos S Igrejas G Rodrigues J Capelo-Martinez JL Poeta P 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(1):301-303
The prevalence of vancomycin resistant-enterococci (VRE) in faecal samples from cattle, sheep and pigs slaughtered for human consumption was evaluated. Enterococci containing the vanA gene were detected in 25.3% and 2.7% of the porcine and ovine samples, respectively, and were identified as Enterococcus faecium. No vanA-containing enterococcal strains were detected in bovine samples. Enterococcal strains with intrinsic vancomycin resistance were detected in seven (9.9%) faecal samples from pigs and in two samples from both cattle and sheep (3.7% and 2.7%, respectively). All vanA-positive isolates from pigs were resistant to tetracycline and erythromycin, and the mobile element Tn916/Tn1545-like transposon was detected in 90.5% of the tetracycline-resistant isolates that contained the tet(M) gene. Although gelatinase and haemolytic activity were not detected, the hyl and cylB virulence genes were found within the VRE strains isolated. 相似文献
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Pasquali F De Cesare A Ricci A Kehrenberg C Schwarz S Manfreda G 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,103(1-2):71-76
The tetracycline resistance (tet) gene patterns of 52 tetracycline resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (S.) serovar Typhimurium isolates collected from animals, food of animal origin, and humans in Italy, were investigated to evaluate whether the tet gene patterns could be used for strain differentiation in addition to phage typing and ribotyping. The detection of tet genes was performed by specific PCR assays. Ribotyping was performed automatically using PvuII as restriction enzyme. Ten different ribotyping patterns were detected. All isolates were positive for at least one of the tet genes studied and six different tet gene patterns were observed. Ribotyping and tet gene patterns showed discriminatory indices of 0.741 and 0.812, respectively. Multiple tet genes were commonly found among tetracycline resistant S. typhimurium isolates from various sources. The resulting tet gene patterns allowed further discrimination of strains which were otherwise indistinguishable by their phage type, ribotype and origin. Thus, the analysis of tet gene patterns might represent an additional tool for the differentiation of S. typhimurium isolates. 相似文献
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Vancraeynest D Hermans K Martel A Vaneechoutte M Devriese LA Haesebrouck F 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,101(4):245-251
Fifty-six Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered between 1998 and 2003 from 31 rabbit farms with and without problems of chronic staphylococcosis, were screened for resistance to enrofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, lincomycin, neomycin, penicillin and tetracyclines using the agar dilution test. For penicillin, a disk diffusion test was also performed. The detection of tetP(B), tet(K), tet(L), tet(M), tet(O), tet(T), tet(W), erm(A), erm(B), erm(C) and mec(A) genes was done via a PCR assay. Four isolates showed resistance to erythromycin and lincomycin. These isolates were positive for the erm(C) gene in the PCR. Eleven strains were resistant to tetracyclines and all harboured the tet(K) gene. In the agar dilution test, five isolates showed resistance to penicillin, whereas in the disk diffusion test 12 isolates showed resistance. None of these 12 resistant isolates carried the mec(A) gene. Only one strain showed resistance to gentamicin, and all strains were susceptible to enrofloxacin and neomycin. This study demonstrates that resistance to antimicrobial agents in S. aureus isolates originating from rabbits is relatively rare compared to resistance in S. aureus isolates originating from other animals and humans. 相似文献
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采用微量稀释法测定36株2型猪链球菌对四环素的耐药性,应用PCR扩增四环素相关耐药基因tet（M）、tet（O）、tet（K）、tet（L）、tet（Q）、tet（S）、tet（T）和tet（W）,将扩增到的耐药基因克隆、测序,并进行序列分析。结果显示,36株2型猪链球菌对四环素的耐药率为100%,MIC90高于512mg/L;其中29株扩增出tet（M）基因,6株扩增出tet（O）基因,5株同时扩增到tet（M）、tet（L）基因,同时扩增到tet（M）、tet（L）基因的菌株MIC均高于512mg/L;同源性分析结果显示,扩增到的tet（M）基因与GenBank中已公布序列的同源性为95%～100%,tet（O）基因与GenBank中已公布序列的同源性为95%～99%。结果表明,我国大部分地区的2型猪链球菌对四环素均具有很强的耐药性,主要耐药机制是由tet（M）基因介导的核糖体保护作用。 相似文献