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1.
“金手指”香蕉抗枯萎病基因同源序列的克隆与分析(英文) 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本研究以抗镰刀菌枯萎病香蕉种质"金手指"(AAAB)为材料,根据已克降的抗枯萎病基因的NBS保守结构域设计简并引物,通过同源序列克隆获得了20条来自基因组DNA的RGA片段,大小为530 bp左右.根据其推断的氨基酸序列,经保守结构域分析,其结构域均为NB-ARC,属于non-TIR-NBS类候选抗病基因类序列.它们均具有P-loop(GMGGVGKTT),Kinase-2(LLVLDDIW),RNBS-B(CKVLFTTRS)及疏水氨基酸结构域GLPL(GLPLALKVL)等4个保守氨基酸基元.20个RGA之间核苷酸序列的相似性在41.1%～99.3%之间,氨基酸序列的相似性在33.2%～96.3%之间.同时,对分离得到的20条RGAs进行系统发育树分析,发现它们分布在5个不同的区域.并且所编码的氨基酸序列与已知抗枯萎病基因Fom-2、I2C-1、I2C-2和I2等编码的氨基酸序列表现出28%～54%的同源性,证明了抗病基因在进化上具有一定的保守性.因此,这些抗病基因同源片段(RGA)的分离将为进一步从香蕉中分离抗枯萎病基因打下基础,也可作为分子标记筛选香焦抗枯萎病的候选基因. 相似文献
2.
大豆抗病基因同源序列的克隆与分析 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：6
本研究根据已知抗病基因的NBS保守序列区设计4对简并引物和1对特异引物，以大豆农家种兴县灰布支黑豆为材料，应用PCR方法获得了11条来自基因组DNA的RGA序列和2条来自cDNA的RGA序列，序列长度在500—633bp之间，其中8条来自基因组DNA和2条来自cDNA的RGA序列已在GeneBank登录(登录号为：AF305388—305392，AY008380—008382，AY048863-AY048864)。13条序列都不同程度的含有NBS保守区的P-环(GGVGKTT)、kinase-2(VLDD)、kinase-3(GSRII)及跨膜区GLPL等特征序列结构，由此推导出的氨基酸序列同已知抗病基因L6、RPMl、SRPS2、N编码的氨基酸序列表现出从25％——42％的同源性。本研究克隆的RGA序列根据其相似性可分为4组，与已发表的大豆抗病类似基因(RLG)具有较高的相似性。 相似文献
3.
香蕉抗病基因类似序列(RGA)的克隆与分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
根据植物NBS类抗病基因保守氨基酸序列P-loop和疏水氨基酸GLPL保守序列设计简并引物,从香蕉抗镰刀菌枯萎病(4号小种)材料IN21(Musa spp.cv). 'IN21',AA)和Rose(M.spp.cv.'rose',AAA)的基因组DNA中扩增获得4个RGA,四条DNA片段长度分别为527 bp、537 bp、534 bp和547 bp,分别命名为"RGA-IN1"、"RGA-IN2"、"RGA-Rosel"和"RGA-Rose2"(GenBank Accession:EF488469、EF488470、EF488471和EF488472);同源性分析表明,均与已报道的植物抗病基因有不同程度的同源性,具有P-loop、Kinase-2、RNBS-B(Kinase-3a)以及GLPL等保守氨基酸序列,属于non-TIR-NBS类候选抗病基因. 相似文献
4.
棉花多抗品种中植棉KV-1抗病基因同源序列的克隆与分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
许多抗病基因都具有核苷酸结合位点（NBS）和富亮氨酸重复区（LRR）。根据已知的NBS-LRR类抗病基因的保守序列,分别设计一对简并引物和一对特异引物,用以扩增棉花基因组中的抗病基因同源序列。获得一条大小约500 bp的扩增片段,克隆测序后得到10条NBS-LRR类RGAs。推导的氨基酸均具有抗病基因的P-loop（kinase-1a）、kinase-2、kinase-3a及GLPL区。同源性比较发现,其中1条属于TIR-NBS LRR类,其余9条属于non-TIR-NBS-LRR类。1条TIR-NBS-LRR类RGAs与已克隆的N、L6、M等抗病基因的同源性为51%~60%,9条non-TIR-NBS-LRR类RGAs与已克隆的RPS5、RPR1、Xa1等抗病基因的同源性为51%~60%。这些抗病基因同源序列（RGAs）可作为分子标记筛选棉花的抗病候选基因。 相似文献
5.
《分子植物育种》2020,(11)
通过同源克隆法获得烟草抗病基因同源序列(RGAs),为烟草抗病基因的筛选和相关研究提供帮助。基于抗病基因的NBS-LRR保守结构域,筛选并合成了3对简并引物,扩增烟草中的NBS-LRR类抗病基因。获得了4条与抗病基因具有高度同源性的NBS-LRR类烟草抗病基因同源序列(TRGA,登录号:MK634316,MK634317, MK634318, MK634319),目的片段大小均在500 bp左右;BLAST X分析表明,获得的4个烟草RGAs与已知RGAs具有高度相似性,氨基酸相似性为97%～100%;聚类分析将其分成2大类,包括TIRNBS-LRR和non-TIR-NBS-LRR两类抗病基因,其编码氨基酸序列含有NBS保守区的典型特征基序。通过简并引物进行同源扩增是分离烟草RGAs的有效方法,可为进一步抗病基因筛选及抗病分子育种奠定基础。 相似文献
6.
海岛棉NBS-LRR类抗病基因同源序列的克隆与定位 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
植物R基因产物存在非常类似的结构域，如NBS、L,RR、STK、LZ、TM、TIR等。依据保守序列设计引物寻找抗病基因类似物(Resistance Gene Analog，RGA)，从而定位或克隆抗病基因在理论上是可行的，这种方法称为R基因同源克隆法。RGA往往与已知抗病基因具有很高的相似性，均含有LRR、NBS或蛋白激酶中的保守基序，有的与已知抗病基因连锁，或是抗性基因家族中的成员，抑或与已知抗病基因无关，它们最有可能参与植物抗病反应过程中的信号识别、信息传导等途径，并且与植物抗病基因具有密切的关系，但RGA并非等同于植物R基因。将RGA作为分子标记整合到植物分子连锁图谱中，或将其作为探针筛选基因组文库，获得候选抗病基因则不失为一条克隆基因的捷径。利用已知R基因的保守序列设计引物进行PCR扩增，已经在植物中分离到了许多与已知R基因同源的DNA序列，并且有很多RGA作为标记定位在抗病位点附近，有点被证明与抗病性状共分离。小麦抗叶锈基因Lrl0的分离是利用该方法进行抗病基因克隆的首次报道。本研究依据N，L6，RPS2等NBS类抗病基因的NBS保守区设计简并性引物扩增棉花基因组DNA，在517bp左右获得特异性扩增条带。回收PCR产物，连接转化共得到800个克隆。经酶切筛选、嵌套引物鉴定获得252个候选RGA克隆。测序后获得11条RGA序列，这些序列的大小在500—527bp之间，其中3条序列中含有1或2个终止子。所有11个RGA序列都含有NBS保守区的Kinase海岛棉1a(GGVGKTT)、kinase-2(VLDD)、kinase-3a(GSRII)及跨膜区(GLPLA)等保守结构域，与已知抗病基因的保守结构具有较高的吻合程度。本研究所获得的RGA与大豆、棉花、腰豆等作物中已经克隆的NBS类RGA的核苷酸序列有很高的相似性。其中8条可通读的RGA序列推导出的氨基酸序列同已知抗病基因L6、RPMl、SRPS2、N表现出从25％——58％的相似性。本研究以海陆杂交F2群体作为定位群体，应用RFLP方法将获得的7条RGA序列定位在棉花基因组中。Gbrga2和Gbrga8定位于第11同源群的三个位点：连锁群1302的端点及连锁群A03距端点59．2cM处。在连锁群1302中与pAR286E4C标记定位在同一位点，与Unig22d03bE6D标记相距5．6cM在连锁群A03中与pARlllE3C标记共同定位在端点，同时定位在Unig26804E5D(22D)标记下游1．7cM处和Gate4DB08bE3D(14D)标记上游8．6cM处。Gbrga508和Gbrga535定位于第4同源群的两个位点，D染色体组的第20号染色体上距端点175．3eM处，与Unig27A04E5C标记和M16—118E1C标记分别相距2．7cM和3．8cM；Gbrga508和Gbrga535同时还定位于A染色体组第5号染色体上距端点142．9cM处，与G1025aE5C标记和Gate2CFllE3C标记相距2．6cM和1．2cM。Gbrga522，Gbrga568和Gbrga39定位于第4连锁群D染色体组的第20号染色体上距端点5．5cM处。与Unig24H03E6C标记和P13—6E3D标记分别相距1．0cM和2．0cM。海岛棉RGA的获得、在基因组的定位，对于棉花NBS类R基因的起源和进化，利用分子标记辅助育种以及棉花抗病基因的克隆，提供了重要的背景。 相似文献
7.
斑茅cDNA中抗病基因同源序列的分离和表达特性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
植物抗病基因具有一些特定的保守结构域。本研究根据已知植物同源抗病基因(RGAs)保守序列设计简并引物, 从甘蔗近缘植物斑茅的cDNA中扩增出6条抗病基因同源序列, 它们在NCBI上登录号分别为EU685835、EU685836、EU685837、EU685838、EU685839 和 EU685840。序列分析表明, 这些RGAs均含有典型的NBS-LRR类抗病基因保守结构域P-loop、Kinase-2a、Kinase-3a和疏水结构域(Hydrophobic domain, HD)。氨基酸序列的同源性比对表明,6条RGAs序列同11条参试的抗病基因之间的同源性为8.3%~93%,而6条RGAs之间的氨基酸序列同源为30.5%~45.6%。另外,本实验所克隆的6条斑茅抗病基因同源序列中, kinase-2 (LLVLDDVW/D)最后一个氨基酸皆为色氨酸,推测所克隆的NBS-LRR类抗病基因都属于non-TIR-NBS-LRR类。定量PCR分析表明, 6条斑茅抗病基因同源序列在根、茎和叶片中组成型表达,同时这些抗病基因同源序列的表达会受外源信号分子水杨酸和过氧化氢的上调作用,可能在斑茅的抗病性中具有一定的作用。 相似文献
8.
9.
甘蔗NBS-LRR类抗病基因同源序列的分离与鉴定 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
根据已知植物(拟南芥、烟草和亚麻)抗病基因(RGAs)保守序列设计简并引物, 从甘蔗高抗黑穗病品种NCo376的基因组DNA和cDNA中扩增出11条抗病基因同源序列, 其中5条来自基因组DNA(EF059973, EF059974, EF059975, EF059976和EF059977), 6条来自cDNA(EF155648、EF155649、EF155650、EF155651、EF155652和EF155653)。序列分析表明, 这些RGAs均含有典型的NBS-LRR类抗病基因所拥有的保守结构域P-loop, Kinase-2a, Kinase-3a 和疏水结构域。聚类分析表明, 11条RGA同RPS2和XA1聚为一类, 而N和L6则单独聚为一类。所有11条抗病基因同源序列中, kinase-2(LLVLDDVW/D)最后一个氨基酸皆为色氨酸。定量PCR分析表明, 编号为EF059974的PIC基因的表达不仅受黑穗病菌胁迫的影响, 而且受水杨酸的诱导和过氧化氢的抑制, 也具有抗病基因组织特异性和组成型表达特性。 相似文献
10.
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
14.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
19.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献