共查询到15条相似文献，搜索用时 890 毫秒
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匍匐翦股颖(Agrostis stolonifera)和细弱翦股颖(A. tenuis)是优良的牧草和草坪草。寄生于翦股颖上的腥黑粉菌共有3种,即小麦网腥黑穗菌(Tilletia caries,TCT)、翦股颖腥黑穗菌(T. sphaerococca)和苍白腥黑粉菌（T. pallida）。在形态、自发荧光和萌发生理3方面比较研究的基础上,选取冬孢子形态非常相似的2种腥黑粉菌TCT和T. sphaerococca为研究对象,依据序列特点设计4套引物,成功建立了TCT和T. sphaerococca菌丝基因组DNA的特异双重PCR检测方法和冬孢子的特异套式双重PCR检测方法。 相似文献
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小麦印度腥黑穗病菌PCR检测 总被引：6，自引：11，他引：6
应用PCR方法对小麦印度腥黑穗病菌及其近似种或相关种包括黑麦草腥黑粉菌、狼尾草腥黑粉菌、水稻腥黑粉菌等10种腥黑粉菌共14个菌株进行了检测研究。根据线粒体DNA的序列分别设计了扩增小麦印度腥黑穗病菌的特异性引物和扩增黑麦草腥黑粉菌的特异性引物，根据核糖体内转录区（ITS）DNA片段设计了扩增腥黑粉菌属真菌的引物，应用PCR方法能将小麦印度腥黑穗病菌与黑麦草腥黑粉菌及其它近似种或相关种加以区分。本方法稳定、可靠、重复性强，已分别在不同实验室的不同型号PCR仪上得到验证。 相似文献
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小麦矮腥黑粉菌及其近缘种的RPB2基因片段序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以小麦矮腥黑粉菌（Tilletia controversa Kühn）及其近缘种小麦网腥黑粉菌［T. caries （DC.）Tul.］、小麦光腥黑粉菌(T. laevis Kühn)和其他6种黑粉菌的DNA为模板,用RNA聚合酶II的第2亚基RPB2基因的通用引物RPB2-740F/RPB2-1365R进行PCR扩增。结果表明,3种小麦腥黑粉菌均能扩增出617 bp大小的DNA片段,供试的其他6种黑粉菌没有任何扩增产物。利用DNAMAN软件进行序列分析结果表明,3种小麦腥黑粉菌的RPB2蛋白基因序列的相似性为99.08%,存在17个碱基的差异。利用RPB2基因的通用引物作为小麦腥黑粉菌的内置对照引物,与小麦矮腥黑粉菌的特异引物CQUTCK2/CQUTCK3相结合可提高小麦矮腥黑粉菌检测的准确性。 相似文献
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小麦光腥黑穗病是小麦上的一种毁灭性病害,其病原菌被列为国内限定非检疫性有害生物,但目前国内对该病菌的认识和研究远远落后于口岸经常截获的小麦矮腥黑穗病菌、小麦网腥黑穗病菌和小麦印度腥黑穗病菌。为早期识别和检测该病菌,从源头上预防该病菌传入、流行和传播,保障我国小麦生产的安全,本综述在总结这4种小麦腥黑粉菌的冬孢子形态和生理特征差异的基础上,分析和比较了目前用于小麦光腥黑粉菌检测的激光共聚焦扫描显微、红外光谱、电子鼻和PCR等主要技术的优劣,为更好地利用这些技术来检测小麦光腥黑粉菌提供了参考。 相似文献
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应用TaqMan MGB探针检测小麦印度腥黑穗病菌和黑麦草腥黑穗病菌 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以小麦印度腥黑穗病菌9个菌株和黑麦草腥黑穗病菌5个菌株及其近似种或相关种:稻粒黑粉菌、狼尾草腥黑粉菌、狗尾草腥黑粉菌、苏玛特腥黑粉菌、狐尾草腥黑粉菌、小麦网腥黑穗病菌和小麦矮化腥黑穗病菌共9种22个菌株为研究对象,通过序列比对分析,设计了检测小麦印度腥黑穗病菌及黑麦草腥黑穗病菌的TaqMan MGB实时荧光PCR引物和探针,优化了反应条件,筛选出特异性探针,分别建立了小麦印度腥黑穗病菌和黑麦草腥黑穗病菌实时荧光单重PCR和实时荧光双重PCR检测方法,其中实时荧光双重PCR检测方法实现了在同一PCR管中仅用5μL的反应体系,进行1次PCR反应就能特异性检测出小麦印度腥黑穗病菌或黑麦草腥黑穗病菌。本研究所建立的检测方法特异性强、结果可靠、检测速度快、成本明显降低,在文际应用中具有推广价值。 相似文献
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Australian wheat consigned for export from Australian ports was surveyed in March 2004 using a national diagnostic protocol for detection and identification of Tilletia indica . No ustilospores of T. indica were detected, confirming previous surveys which have failed to detect T. indica in Australia. However, the survey detected moderate levels of the common smuts Tilletia caries (syn. Tilletia tritici ), Tilletia laevis and Urocystis agropyri , and very low levels (average fewer than six ustilospores per 150 g sample) of an unidentified dark, tuberculate-spored Tilletia in ≈ 60% of samples tested. Comparison with herbarium specimens enabled identification of the majority of the tuberculate ustilospores as Tilletia ehrhartae , a smut fungus known to infect only Ehrharta calycina (perennial veldt grass) and which is common in southern Australia. A smaller number of tuberculate smut ustilospores were identified as Tilletia walkeri , a smut of Lolium spp. recorded in Australia but apparently uncommon. Both T. ehrhartae and T. walkeri bear sufficient resemblance to T. indica for misidentifications to be possible where only a very few ustilospores are seen, although T. ehrhartae ustilospores are always <25 µ m in diameter. The frequent presence of ustilospores of both T. ehrhartae and T. walkeri as contaminants of Australian wheat grain exports has significance for diagnosticians testing Australian export wheat, as it demonstrates the potential for tuberculate ustilospores of species other than those covered in existing diagnostic protocols to be misidentified as T. indica . This paper describes T. ehrhartae in detail, and provides criteria for its differentiation from T. indica , T. walkeri and some other species. 相似文献
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A. Inman H. A. Magnus L. Riccioni K. Hughes M. Coates A. Barnes V. Barton C. Sansford M. Valvassori G. Di Giambattista A. Porta-Puglia J. Razzaghian G. Peterson 《Plant pathology》2008,57(2):290-300
As part of developing a European Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) for Tilletia indica , the causal agent of Karnal bunt of wheat, teliospore survival studies were done outside under quarantine containment at three European sites (Norway, UK, Italy). At each site, experiments were set up in three consecutive years (Experiments 1, 2 & 3) to determine teliospore survival over time (1–3 years) at 5, 10 and 20 cm depths. Experiments were sampled annually and survival assessed in relation to teliospore recovery and to germination at recovery (T0) and 3 months after recovery in case of burial-induced dormancy ( T3 ). Teliospores survived at all three sites at all depths over all the time periods studied. At each site, there was no evidence of a marked decline in teliospore recovery between sampling years, except in one set of years in one Norwegian experiment. There was no consistent effect of depth on recovery. In general there was little evidence for a marked decline in teliospore germination between sampling years. There was some evidence of a decrease in germination with increasing depth in the UK, and for some time-depth interactions. After 3 years' incubation (Experiment 1), mean teliospore recovery and mean germination were: UK: 61% recovery and 31% ( 33% ) germination for T0 (and T3 ); Italy: 30% recovery and 36% ( 29% ) germination; and Norway: 12% recovery and 19% ( 49% ) germination. Germination for laboratory controls ranged from 20–59% (UK), 18–41% (Italy) and 28–59% (Norway). There was no evidence for burial-induced dormancy except in Norway. Teliospores of T. indica can survive for at least three years in European soils. This prolonged period of survival could support establishment of the pathogen if it were introduced into areas of European cereal production. 相似文献
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红花锈病菌的生物学特性及侵染研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本病为害特征为叶片干枯,植株早衰,含油量下降,地下茎感染,使许多病株在营养期萎蔫死亡。初侵染源——冬孢子粘附于种子表面和冠毛上;散落田间时也能侵染。冬孢子人工接种下侵染真叶,但田间自然条件下不起作用。新鲜冬孢子有少量萌发,隔年冬孢子萌发率明显提高。冬孢子萌发温度极限为10至33℃,适温18至28℃,最适温度为25℃。冬孢子水滴上萌发率低,红花幼苗榨出液具激发作用;而夏孢孢子水滴上萌发远高于榨出液。冬孢子干藏可存活两年.夏孢子残存期可延续166天以上。共鉴定87份红花种质抗病性,差异很显著,但无一表现免疫。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT The effect of activated charcoal as an amendment to water agar medium on teliospore germination was analyzed for two species of wheat-infecting bunts, Tilletia controversa and T. tritici, and two related wild-grass infecting species, T. bromi and T. fusca. Final percentages of teliospore germination, area under the germination progress curves (AUGPC), and a standardized AUGPC (SAUGPC) on carbon agar and water agar were compared among strains. Carbon agar (CA) significantly increased the final germination percentage of teliospores, AUGPC, and SAUGPC when compared with water agar (WA) for all taxa under study. Additionally, CA reduced significantly the incubation (i.e., lag) period when compared with WA for teliospores of T. bromi, T. controversa, and T. fusca. Bovine serum albumin and polyvinyl pyrrolidone were used as alternative chemical adsorbent amendments to WA to establish the role of activated charcoal in the medium. Only media amended with bovine serum albumin and activated charcoal improved the final germination percentage of all taxa. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone was not significantly better than water agar. 相似文献
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Qing Yuan Siji Nian Youping Yin Minhui Li Jun Cai Zhongkang Wang 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,124(4):585-594
Wheat dwarf bunt, one of the important international quarantine diseases, is caused by Tilletia controversa. Tilletia caries is a close relative species of T. controversa and the teliospore morphology and genomic structure of T. caries are very similar to those of T. controversa. In order to distinguish between them, a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primer-mediated asymmetric-PCR (RM-PCR)
was developed to screen differential sequences between the two pathogens. By RM-PCR, a 1,322 bp DNA fragment (PR32) was selected
from 18 T. controversa and 29 T. caries strains. The PR32 genes were specific for T. controversa and almost had no homology to T. caries or other fungi in the present database. With primers designed from PR32, all 18 T. controversa strains were amplified, but no bands appeared in 29 T. caries strains by classical PCR. To identify T. controversa rapidly and accurately, SYBR Green I and TaqMan probe real-time PCR were established based on PR32. With TaqMan Real-Time
PCR, different T. controversa strains and T. caries strains were detected. The results showed that all T. controversa strains were amplified with Ct from 19–29 and amplified curves were obtained. In contrast, the amplification of all T. caries strains did not show any signals, without Ct and amplified curves. Moreover, the developed TaqMan real-time PCR was used
to detect T. controversa from asymptomatic wheat tissues successfully. 相似文献